Patrick S Roberts
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1405612 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Patrick S Roberts |
| PRENOMES | Patrick S |
| SOBRENOME | Roberts |
| ASSINATURA | ROBERTS P S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Virginia Tech |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8920-0396 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 31 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 114 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1987 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Values From the Frontlines
Toward a person-environment fit framework for artificial intelligence implementation in the public sector
Government-led innovation acceleration
How can agencies that have operational activities as a primary focus improve the procurement and transition of innovative technologies, particularly from the private sector? This study seeks to inform scholars and public-sector managers about organizational design for innovation and technology acceleration using a systems approach. It examines three organizations responsible for mission-oriented innovation: In-Q-Tel, stood by up the Central Intel…
Assessing the impact of municipal government capacity on recovery from Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico
How Public Managers Make Tradeoffs Regarding Lives
Public managers make decisions that may directly or indirectly affect the loss of human life, but there are few empirical analyses of whether and how public managers make tradeoffs among lives and other goods. We survey local government managers in the United States about tradeoffs using a vignette experiment with hypothetical flood scenarios. We find that managers make tradeoffs regarding lives saved compared with other features of the scenario,…
Appointee vacancies in US executive branch agencies
We analyse United States presidential appointee positions subject to Senate confirmation without a confirmed appointee in office. These “vacant” positions are byproducts of American constitutional design, shaped by the interplay of institutional politics. Using a novel dataset, we analyse appointee vacancies across executive branch departments and single-headed agencies from 1989 to 2013. We develop a theoretical model that uncovers the dynamics …
Information overload, stress, and emergency managerial thinking
The Ecology of Emergency Management Work in the Digital Age
This research uses an abductive research strategy and person–environment (P–E) fit as a frame to understand: (1) how digital technologies have transformed emergency managerial work; and (2) managers’ cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses to these structural and organizational transformations. Interviews of county-level emergency managers in the United States reveal that pervasive computing environments have resulted in intensification of…
Social capital and disaster resilience in the Ninth Ward
The conventional wisdom in disaster management is that communities exhibiting social capital are more likely to bounce back after disaster. This paper examines the link between social capital and resilience to disasters and climate change through an examination of New Orleans’ Lower Ninth Ward neighborhood before and after Hurricane Katrina. Using archives and interviews to examine the neighborhood’s recovery, the paper finds evidence for the exi…
How emergency managers (mis?)interpret forecasts
Emergency managers who work on floods and other weather-related hazards constitute critical frontline responders to disasters. Yet, while these professionals operate in a realm rife with uncertainty related to forecasts and other unknowns, the influence of uncertainty on their decision-making is poorly understood. Consequently, a national-level survey of county emergency managers in the United States was administered to examine how they interpret…
Decision Biases and Heuristics Among Emergency Managers
We present evidence that emergency managers exhibit some of the same decision biases, sensitivity to framing, and heuristics found in studies of the general public, even when making decisions in their area of expertise. Our national survey of county-level emergency managers finds that managers appear more risk averse when the outcomes of actions are framed as gains than when equivalent outcomes are framed as losses, a finding that is consistent w…
Why Presidents Sometimes Do Not Use Intelligence Information
IMPASSIONED CALLS FOR REFORMING the intelligence process in U.S. foreign policy routinely follow on the heels of high-profile intelligence failures in which the intelligence community or the government as a whole is caught by surprise. These failures are blamed on inadequate warning grounded in organizational, psychological, and informational weaknesses in the intelligence process, as in Pearl Harbor or the failure to “connect the dots” before th…
Fallout
Diplomatic machinations to limit Iranian and North Korean nuclear programs command headlines. To make sense of why nuclear programs in these countries have proved to be so difficult to restrain, one could not do better than consult Grégoire Mallard's thoughtful, analytic history of global nuclear diplomacy. Fallout's strength lies in its ability to combine historical detail with conceptual clarity in order to bring diplomatic choices into focus. …
The Lessons of Civil Defense Federalism for the Homeland Security Era
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Disasters and the American State
Disasters and the American State offers a thesis about the trajectory of federal government involvement in preparing for disaster shaped by contingent events. Politicians and bureaucrats claim credit for the government's successes in preparing for and responding to disaster, and they are also blamed for failures outside of government's control. New interventions have created precedents and established organizations and administrative cultures tha…
Guarding the Guardians
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Discrimination in a Disaster Agency’s Security Culture
The prevalence of security concerns in emergency management offers the unfortunate possibility that administrative processes may tap deep fears and engage in discriminatory practices without sufficient accountability because of secrecy, time pressure, and an organizational culture that calls for preparing for the worst. The Federal Emergency Management Agency was ostensibly intended to be a natural disaster agency, but its security culture in pas…
The Politics of Disaster
Journal Article The Politics of Disaster: Tracking the Impact of Hurricane Andrew Get access The Politics of Disaster: Tracking the Impact of Hurricane Andrew by David K. Twigg. Gainesville, University Press of Florida, 2012. 208 pp. $74.95.The Wrong Complexion for Protection: How the Government Response to Disaster Endangers African American Communities by Robert D. Bullard and Beverly Wright. New York, NYU Press, 2012. 299 pp. $35.00. Patrick S…
Appointee Confirmation and Tenure
This article analyzes the confirmation and tenure of 2,300 Senate‐confirmed, presidential appointees to U.S. government agencies between 1989 and 2009, linking patterns of appointee confirmation and tenure to institutional politics, appointee independence, and agency context. Consistent with prior research, the authors find that nominees of new, powerful, and popular presidents enjoy expedited Senate confirmation. Contentious congressional commit…
Learning about World Religions in Modesto, California
After cultural and religious controversy in Modesto, California, community leaders attempted to increase tolerance and respect by requiring an unique world religions course for high school students. The first large-n empirical study of the effect of teaching about religion in public schools indicates that students taking the course showed statistically significant increases in passive tolerance, their willingness to refrain from discriminatory be…
Continuity, Competence, and the Succession of Senate‐Confirmed Agency Appointees, 1989‐2009
The authors examine patterns of appointee continuity during the presidential administrations of George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush using data tracking Senate‐confirmed agency appointee tenure, turnover, and vacancies between 1989 and 2009. Surveying existing scholarship on the link between appointee continuity and organizational performance, they highlight opportunities to expand research in this field. Though efforts to “fix” th…
An Unnatural Disaster
A Capacity for Mitigation as the Next Frontier in Homeland Security
The Politics of Presidential Appointments
What the Catastrophist Heresy Can Teach Public Officials
Marxist "catastrophism" offers a way to cope with increasing disaster losses. Catastrophism is one interpretation of Marx that claims social revolution will occur when capitalism collapses under the weight of its own contradictions and society descends into chaos. Catastrophist theory should provoke managers to ask what they can learn from the possibility of the collapse of civilization. If increasing disaster losses and eventual collapse are ine…
Continuity, Competence, and the Succession of Senate‐Confirmed Agency Appointees, 1989‐2009
The authors examine patterns of appointee continuity during the presidential administrations of George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush using data tracking Senate‐confirmed agency appointee tenure, turnover, and vacancies between 1989 and 2009. Surveying existing scholarship on the link between appointee continuity and organizational performance, they highlight opportunities to expand research in this field. Though efforts to “fix” th…
Fema and the Prospects for Reputation-Based Autonomy
Following its 1992 reorganization, the once scandal-ridden and sclerotic Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) experienced a dramatic turnaround. The agency morphed from a caricature of the ills of bureaucracy into a model of effective federal administration. Politicians who previously blamed the agency for its slow and inefficient response to disasters came to depend on the agency to lend credibility to their own efforts. After the agency’s…
Decision Biases and Heuristics Among Emergency Managers
We present evidence that emergency managers exhibit some of the same decision biases, sensitivity to framing, and heuristics found in studies of the general public, even when making decisions in their area of expertise. Our national survey of county-level emergency managers finds that managers appear more risk averse when the outcomes of actions are framed as gains than when equivalent outcomes are framed as losses, a finding that is consistent w…
Government-led innovation acceleration
How can agencies that have operational activities as a primary focus improve the procurement and transition of innovative technologies, particularly from the private sector? This study seeks to inform scholars and public-sector managers about organizational design for innovation and technology acceleration using a systems approach. It examines three organizations responsible for mission-oriented innovation: In-Q-Tel, stood by up the Central Intel…
Dispersed Federalism as a New Regional Governance for Homeland Security
State and local officials complain about their lack of involvement in disaster plans issued by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Their complaints point to a common theme: the reorganization that produced the DHS complicated shared governance. States and localities carry out most of the work of homeland security, but the federal government's guidelines and grants shape much of what subnational governments do. This article offers an interp…
Appointee vacancies in US executive branch agencies
We analyse United States presidential appointee positions subject to Senate confirmation without a confirmed appointee in office. These “vacant” positions are byproducts of American constitutional design, shaped by the interplay of institutional politics. Using a novel dataset, we analyse appointee vacancies across executive branch departments and single-headed agencies from 1989 to 2013. We develop a theoretical model that uncovers the dynamics …
Shifting Priorities
Small states receive more homeland security grant money per capita than large states because of the structure of representation and decision making in Congress. Beyond per capita allocations, the homeland security granting process affects the structure of state and local emergency management agencies, shifting priorities away from natural and technological disasters toward counterterrorism. I suggest using competitive grants, increasing the salie…
How emergency managers (mis?)interpret forecasts
Emergency managers who work on floods and other weather-related hazards constitute critical frontline responders to disasters. Yet, while these professionals operate in a realm rife with uncertainty related to forecasts and other unknowns, the influence of uncertainty on their decision-making is poorly understood. Consequently, a national-level survey of county emergency managers in the United States was administered to examine how they interpret…
How Public Managers Make Tradeoffs Regarding Lives
Public managers make decisions that may directly or indirectly affect the loss of human life, but there are few empirical analyses of whether and how public managers make tradeoffs among lives and other goods. We survey local government managers in the United States about tradeoffs using a vignette experiment with hypothetical flood scenarios. We find that managers make tradeoffs regarding lives saved compared with other features of the scenario,…
The Lessons of Civil Defense Federalism for the Homeland Security Era
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Toward a person-environment fit framework for artificial intelligence implementation in the public sector
Why Presidents Sometimes Do Not Use Intelligence Information
IMPASSIONED CALLS FOR REFORMING the intelligence process in U.S. foreign policy routinely follow on the heels of high-profile intelligence failures in which the intelligence community or the government as a whole is caught by surprise. These failures are blamed on inadequate warning grounded in organizational, psychological, and informational weaknesses in the intelligence process, as in Pearl Harbor or the failure to “connect the dots” before th…
Guarding the Guardians
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Discrimination in a Disaster Agency’s Security Culture
The prevalence of security concerns in emergency management offers the unfortunate possibility that administrative processes may tap deep fears and engage in discriminatory practices without sufficient accountability because of secrecy, time pressure, and an organizational culture that calls for preparing for the worst. The Federal Emergency Management Agency was ostensibly intended to be a natural disaster agency, but its security culture in pas…
Learning about World Religions in Modesto, California
After cultural and religious controversy in Modesto, California, community leaders attempted to increase tolerance and respect by requiring an unique world religions course for high school students. The first large-n empirical study of the effect of teaching about religion in public schools indicates that students taking the course showed statistically significant increases in passive tolerance, their willingness to refrain from discriminatory be…
A Capacity for Mitigation as the Next Frontier in Homeland Security
What Katrina Means for Emergency Management
Taken alone, the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina does not reveal much about the capacity of the federal government to address the usual disasters that occur each year, but it does point to the limits of the government s current capacity to address catastrophe. Policymakers should use the window of opportunity following Katrina to deliberate about how much responsibility the federal government, and therefore taxpayers, will bear for major disasters…
Policy Review Section
In this Policy Review Section, Jim Campbell and Ian Taylor examine the role of the European Investment Bank. They point out that a high proportion of its work has focused on capital-intensive energy-related investment and conclude that although the Bank's failings are not entirely its own fault, it is not really an appropriate instrument for regional development. Continuing the discussion of inner city policy (see Policy Review Section, Reg. Stud…
What Katrina Means for Emergency Management
Taken alone, the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina does not reveal much about the capacity of the federal government to address the usual disasters that occur each year, but it does point to the limits of the government s current capacity to address catastrophe. Policymakers should use the window of opportunity following Katrina to deliberate about how much responsibility the federal government, and therefore taxpayers, will bear for major disasters…
The Master of Disaster as Bureaucratic Entrepreneur
Washington, D.C., overflows with organized interests and issue networks competing for the attention of lawmakers. A very few people manage to navigate the flotsam and jetsam of the policy currents to redefine an issue or put a new problem on the political agenda. Like their cousins in the private market, political scientists call these navigators “entrepreneurs.”
Shifting Priorities
Small states receive more homeland security grant money per capita than large states because of the structure of representation and decision making in Congress. Beyond per capita allocations, the homeland security granting process affects the structure of state and local emergency management agencies, shifting priorities away from natural and technological disasters toward counterterrorism. I suggest using competitive grants, increasing the salie…
Fema and the Prospects for Reputation-Based Autonomy
Following its 1992 reorganization, the once scandal-ridden and sclerotic Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) experienced a dramatic turnaround. The agency morphed from a caricature of the ills of bureaucracy into a model of effective federal administration. Politicians who previously blamed the agency for its slow and inefficient response to disasters came to depend on the agency to lend credibility to their own efforts. After the agency’s…
What the Catastrophist Heresy Can Teach Public Officials
Marxist "catastrophism" offers a way to cope with increasing disaster losses. Catastrophism is one interpretation of Marx that claims social revolution will occur when capitalism collapses under the weight of its own contradictions and society descends into chaos. Catastrophist theory should provoke managers to ask what they can learn from the possibility of the collapse of civilization. If increasing disaster losses and eventual collapse are ine…
Dispersed Federalism as a New Regional Governance for Homeland Security
State and local officials complain about their lack of involvement in disaster plans issued by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Their complaints point to a common theme: the reorganization that produced the DHS complicated shared governance. States and localities carry out most of the work of homeland security, but the federal government's guidelines and grants shape much of what subnational governments do. This article offers an interp…
The Politics of Presidential Appointments
Continuity, Competence, and the Succession of Senate‐Confirmed Agency Appointees, 1989‐2009
The authors examine patterns of appointee continuity during the presidential administrations of George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush using data tracking Senate‐confirmed agency appointee tenure, turnover, and vacancies between 1989 and 2009. Surveying existing scholarship on the link between appointee continuity and organizational performance, they highlight opportunities to expand research in this field. Though efforts to “fix” th…
An Unnatural Disaster
A Capacity for Mitigation as the Next Frontier in Homeland Security
Learning about World Religions in Modesto, California
After cultural and religious controversy in Modesto, California, community leaders attempted to increase tolerance and respect by requiring an unique world religions course for high school students. The first large-n empirical study of the effect of teaching about religion in public schools indicates that students taking the course showed statistically significant increases in passive tolerance, their willingness to refrain from discriminatory be…
Appointee Confirmation and Tenure
This article analyzes the confirmation and tenure of 2,300 Senate‐confirmed, presidential appointees to U.S. government agencies between 1989 and 2009, linking patterns of appointee confirmation and tenure to institutional politics, appointee independence, and agency context. Consistent with prior research, the authors find that nominees of new, powerful, and popular presidents enjoy expedited Senate confirmation. Contentious congressional commit…
Disasters and the American State
Disasters and the American State offers a thesis about the trajectory of federal government involvement in preparing for disaster shaped by contingent events. Politicians and bureaucrats claim credit for the government's successes in preparing for and responding to disaster, and they are also blamed for failures outside of government's control. New interventions have created precedents and established organizations and administrative cultures tha…
Guarding the Guardians
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Discrimination in a Disaster Agency’s Security Culture
The prevalence of security concerns in emergency management offers the unfortunate possibility that administrative processes may tap deep fears and engage in discriminatory practices without sufficient accountability because of secrecy, time pressure, and an organizational culture that calls for preparing for the worst. The Federal Emergency Management Agency was ostensibly intended to be a natural disaster agency, but its security culture in pas…
The Politics of Disaster
Journal Article The Politics of Disaster: Tracking the Impact of Hurricane Andrew Get access The Politics of Disaster: Tracking the Impact of Hurricane Andrew by David K. Twigg. Gainesville, University Press of Florida, 2012. 208 pp. $74.95.The Wrong Complexion for Protection: How the Government Response to Disaster Endangers African American Communities by Robert D. Bullard and Beverly Wright. New York, NYU Press, 2012. 299 pp. $35.00. Patrick S…
The Lessons of Civil Defense Federalism for the Homeland Security Era
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Fallout
Diplomatic machinations to limit Iranian and North Korean nuclear programs command headlines. To make sense of why nuclear programs in these countries have proved to be so difficult to restrain, one could not do better than consult Grégoire Mallard's thoughtful, analytic history of global nuclear diplomacy. Fallout's strength lies in its ability to combine historical detail with conceptual clarity in order to bring diplomatic choices into focus. …
Why Presidents Sometimes Do Not Use Intelligence Information
IMPASSIONED CALLS FOR REFORMING the intelligence process in U.S. foreign policy routinely follow on the heels of high-profile intelligence failures in which the intelligence community or the government as a whole is caught by surprise. These failures are blamed on inadequate warning grounded in organizational, psychological, and informational weaknesses in the intelligence process, as in Pearl Harbor or the failure to “connect the dots” before th…
Decision Biases and Heuristics Among Emergency Managers
We present evidence that emergency managers exhibit some of the same decision biases, sensitivity to framing, and heuristics found in studies of the general public, even when making decisions in their area of expertise. Our national survey of county-level emergency managers finds that managers appear more risk averse when the outcomes of actions are framed as gains than when equivalent outcomes are framed as losses, a finding that is consistent w…
Social capital and disaster resilience in the Ninth Ward
The conventional wisdom in disaster management is that communities exhibiting social capital are more likely to bounce back after disaster. This paper examines the link between social capital and resilience to disasters and climate change through an examination of New Orleans’ Lower Ninth Ward neighborhood before and after Hurricane Katrina. Using archives and interviews to examine the neighborhood’s recovery, the paper finds evidence for the exi…
How emergency managers (mis?)interpret forecasts
Emergency managers who work on floods and other weather-related hazards constitute critical frontline responders to disasters. Yet, while these professionals operate in a realm rife with uncertainty related to forecasts and other unknowns, the influence of uncertainty on their decision-making is poorly understood. Consequently, a national-level survey of county emergency managers in the United States was administered to examine how they interpret…
Information overload, stress, and emergency managerial thinking
The Ecology of Emergency Management Work in the Digital Age
This research uses an abductive research strategy and person–environment (P–E) fit as a frame to understand: (1) how digital technologies have transformed emergency managerial work; and (2) managers’ cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses to these structural and organizational transformations. Interviews of county-level emergency managers in the United States reveal that pervasive computing environments have resulted in intensification of…
Political science (28 obras) · Law (20 obras) · Sociology (20 obras) · Public Administration (17 obras) · Law (16 obras) · Politics (16 obras) · Business (15 obras) · Disaster Management and Resilience (15 obras) · Public Administration (13 obras) · Economics (10 obras)