Inmaculada Szmolka
Biographic Data
| ID | 1449012 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Inmaculada Szmolka |
| GIVEN NAMES | Inmaculada |
| FAMILY NAME | Szmolka |
| SIGNATURE | SZMOLKA I |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universidad de Granada |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6344-4587 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 15 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 43 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 15 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2006 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Authoritarian Resilience in Mena Countries in the Era of Autocratization: A Comparative Area Study of Authoritarian Deepening
Building on studies on authoritarian resilience in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), the article engages the current debate on global autocratization. It does so through the analysis of authoritarian deepening as a manifestation of contemporary authoritarianism from a cross-regional perspective. After framing theoretically and methodologically the study of authoritarian deepening, a Comparative Area Study—based on the most-different case s…
El apoyo de los españoles al proceso de integración europea factores afectivos, utilitaristas y políticos
El objeto de este artículo es analizar las dimensiones del apoyo de los españoles a la Unión Europea (UE). Para ello se han tenido en cuenta los principales enfoques teóricos existentes en la explicación de la opinión pública europea, que se basan, respectivamente, en factores afectivos, utilitaristas y de política nacional. A través de distintos análisis de regresión se testan las tres perspectivas teóricas, tanto de forma independiente como con…
Una propuesta de tipología de sistemas de partidos para regímenes democráticos y autoritarios pluralistas su aplicación a los países del Magreb
Desde el trabajo de Sartori, son escasas las tipologías de sistemas de partidos elaboradas, y las más recientes se centran en uno o dos criterios de clasificación, teniendo como referente las democracias. Este artículo propone una tipología de sistemas de partidos aplicable tanto en regímenes democráticos como en autoritarios pluralistas. Está basada en cuatro dimensiones: competencia, estabilidad del sistema de partidos, número y equilibrio entr…
Electoral engineering in autocracies: Effects of the 2021 electoral reform on Morocco’s parliamentary elections
This article examines the effects of electoral engineering in the 2021 Moroccan parliamentary elections. It demonstrates that Morocco’s proportional system, introduced in 2002 and reformed in 2021, is designed to co-opt political parties, prevent a predominant party and promote party system fragmentation, in line with the monarchy’s interests. Nevertheless, the electoral system is not imposed on political parties. The analysis of the process of e…
Bipolarisation of the Moroccan political party arena? Refuting this idea through an analysis of the party system
The campaign for the October 7, 2016 election of the Moroccan House of Representatives, during which media attention was focused on the competition between the Islamist Party of Justice and Development (PJD) and the secular Party of Authenticity and Modernity (PAM), resulted in a narrow victory of the former over the latter. This led journalists and scholars to speak of a ‘bipolarisation’ of the political party arena in Morocco. This article aims…
A real electoral duel between the P.J.D. and the P.A.M.? Analysing constituency-level competitiveness in the 2016 Moroccan elections
This article examines electoral competitiveness between the two main contenders in Morocco’s 2016 legislative elections, i.e. the Islamist Party of Justice and Development (P.J.D.) and the pro-monarchy Party of Authenticity and Modernity (P.A.M.). In contrast with electoral results at the national level, which reflect a high parliamentary competitiveness between these two parties, the analysis of competitiveness at the local constituency level (9…
Western Sahara and the Arab Spring
On 10 October 2010, a protest camp in the Sahrawi desert area of Gdeim Izik was established. Some academics and political analysts saw in the Sahrawi protest a preface to the Arab Spring that broke out a few months later in various North African and Middle Eastern countries. The hypothesis in this chapter is that the Gdeim Izik and subsequent protests in Western Sahara cannot be placed within the social movements and the “fifth wave of political …
Political Change in the Middle East and North Africa: After the Arab Spring
Analyses the democratic dimension of the recent political changes in MENATaking a comparative approach, this book considers the ways in which political regimes have changed since the Arab Spring. It addresses a series of questions about political change in the context of the revolutions, upheavals and protests that have taken place in North Africa and the Arab Middle East since December 2010, and looks at the various processes have been underway …
Exclusionary and Non-Consensual Transitions Versus Inclusive and Consensual Democratizations: The Cases of Egypt and Tunisia
The article analyzes the democratic transitions in Tunisia and Egypt, after the so-called “Arab Spring.” The working hypothesis is that the model of transition influences the result of democratization processes. The article is organized in three sections. The first one puts forward a theoretical and methodological framework, which includes a definition and classification of political regimes, a typology of the processes of political change and su…
Inter- and intra-party relations in the formation of the Benkirane coalition governments in Morocco
This article analyses inter- and intra-party relations in the formation of coalition governments in Morocco after the elections held in November 2011, and presided over by Abdelilah Benkirane. Although coalition theory has been applied in democratic contexts, we consider that the study of government coalitions, and in particular of party relations, is also important in hybrid political systems, in which there is significant room for political com…
Political Change in North Africa and the Arab Middle East: Constitutional Reforms and Electoral Processes
The aim of this study is to examine, from a comparative focus, the processes of political change, which have come about as a result of the revolutions and upheavals in North Africa and the Arab Middle East countries since December 2010. Previous experiences have shown that democracies tend to emerge in waves. Nevertheless, our hypothesis is that we cannot generalize by referring to a new wave of democratization in this region, but rather, we need…
La quinta ola de democratización: Cambio político sin cambio de régimen en los países árabes
From a comparative perspective, this paper studies political change processes that followed the Arab protests and revolutions since December 2010. Previous experiences show the tendency of democracies to appear in waves. However, we hypothesise that we are not facing a new wave of democratisation in the Arab World, but a wave of political change that comprises several different processes (democratization, political liberalisation, new forms of au…
Party system fragmentation in Morocco
This paper examines the fragmentation in the party system of Morocco. First, we describe the party system, taking into account the origin and nature of the Moroccan multi-party scene, the transformations in the party system that have taken place since Independence, and its present divisions. Second, we examine the influence of the electoral system on fragmentation, considering such elements as seat allocation in constituencies, the electoral form…
El apoyo de los españoles al proceso de integración europea: Factores afectivos, utilitaristas y políticos (The Support Offered by Spaniards in the European Integration Processes: Affective, Utilitari…
This paper analyses the dimensions of the support given by Spaniards to the European Union (EU). In order to do this, the main theoretical approaches that exist for explaining European public opinion, which are based on affective, utilitarian and national political factors, have been taken into account. The three theoretical viewpoints are tested, independently and jointly, through various regression analyses in order to find out which are the el…
The Algerian Presidential Elections of 2004: An Analysis of Power Relationships in the Political System
In authoritarian political systems such as Algeria's, interest in electoral processes does not really stem basically from studying their results and electoral behaviour, but mainly from the knowledge we can glean about the characteristics of the political system, the relationships of power among the political actors and the political regime's strategies for its legitimization and survival. This is the perspective used to analyse the elections for…
Party system fragmentation in Morocco
This paper examines the fragmentation in the party system of Morocco. First, we describe the party system, taking into account the origin and nature of the Moroccan multi-party scene, the transformations in the party system that have taken place since Independence, and its present divisions. Second, we examine the influence of the electoral system on fragmentation, considering such elements as seat allocation in constituencies, the electoral form…
Inter- and intra-party relations in the formation of the Benkirane coalition governments in Morocco
This article analyses inter- and intra-party relations in the formation of coalition governments in Morocco after the elections held in November 2011, and presided over by Abdelilah Benkirane. Although coalition theory has been applied in democratic contexts, we consider that the study of government coalitions, and in particular of party relations, is also important in hybrid political systems, in which there is significant room for political com…
Bipolarisation of the Moroccan political party arena? Refuting this idea through an analysis of the party system
The campaign for the October 7, 2016 election of the Moroccan House of Representatives, during which media attention was focused on the competition between the Islamist Party of Justice and Development (PJD) and the secular Party of Authenticity and Modernity (PAM), resulted in a narrow victory of the former over the latter. This led journalists and scholars to speak of a ‘bipolarisation’ of the political party arena in Morocco. This article aims…
Exclusionary and Non-Consensual Transitions Versus Inclusive and Consensual Democratizations: The Cases of Egypt and Tunisia
The article analyzes the democratic transitions in Tunisia and Egypt, after the so-called “Arab Spring.” The working hypothesis is that the model of transition influences the result of democratization processes. The article is organized in three sections. The first one puts forward a theoretical and methodological framework, which includes a definition and classification of political regimes, a typology of the processes of political change and su…
Political Change in North Africa and the Arab Middle East: Constitutional Reforms and Electoral Processes
The aim of this study is to examine, from a comparative focus, the processes of political change, which have come about as a result of the revolutions and upheavals in North Africa and the Arab Middle East countries since December 2010. Previous experiences have shown that democracies tend to emerge in waves. Nevertheless, our hypothesis is that we cannot generalize by referring to a new wave of democratization in this region, but rather, we need…
Una propuesta de tipología de sistemas de partidos para regímenes democráticos y autoritarios pluralistas su aplicación a los países del Magreb
Desde el trabajo de Sartori, son escasas las tipologías de sistemas de partidos elaboradas, y las más recientes se centran en uno o dos criterios de clasificación, teniendo como referente las democracias. Este artículo propone una tipología de sistemas de partidos aplicable tanto en regímenes democráticos como en autoritarios pluralistas. Está basada en cuatro dimensiones: competencia, estabilidad del sistema de partidos, número y equilibrio entr…
The Algerian Presidential Elections of 2004: An Analysis of Power Relationships in the Political System
In authoritarian political systems such as Algeria's, interest in electoral processes does not really stem basically from studying their results and electoral behaviour, but mainly from the knowledge we can glean about the characteristics of the political system, the relationships of power among the political actors and the political regime's strategies for its legitimization and survival. This is the perspective used to analyse the elections for…
El apoyo de los españoles al proceso de integración europea factores afectivos, utilitaristas y políticos
El objeto de este artículo es analizar las dimensiones del apoyo de los españoles a la Unión Europea (UE). Para ello se han tenido en cuenta los principales enfoques teóricos existentes en la explicación de la opinión pública europea, que se basan, respectivamente, en factores afectivos, utilitaristas y de política nacional. A través de distintos análisis de regresión se testan las tres perspectivas teóricas, tanto de forma independiente como con…
Electoral engineering in autocracies: Effects of the 2021 electoral reform on Morocco’s parliamentary elections
This article examines the effects of electoral engineering in the 2021 Moroccan parliamentary elections. It demonstrates that Morocco’s proportional system, introduced in 2002 and reformed in 2021, is designed to co-opt political parties, prevent a predominant party and promote party system fragmentation, in line with the monarchy’s interests. Nevertheless, the electoral system is not imposed on political parties. The analysis of the process of e…
La quinta ola de democratización: Cambio político sin cambio de régimen en los países árabes
From a comparative perspective, this paper studies political change processes that followed the Arab protests and revolutions since December 2010. Previous experiences show the tendency of democracies to appear in waves. However, we hypothesise that we are not facing a new wave of democratisation in the Arab World, but a wave of political change that comprises several different processes (democratization, political liberalisation, new forms of au…
The Algerian Presidential Elections of 2004: An Analysis of Power Relationships in the Political System
In authoritarian political systems such as Algeria's, interest in electoral processes does not really stem basically from studying their results and electoral behaviour, but mainly from the knowledge we can glean about the characteristics of the political system, the relationships of power among the political actors and the political regime's strategies for its legitimization and survival. This is the perspective used to analyse the elections for…
El apoyo de los españoles al proceso de integración europea: Factores afectivos, utilitaristas y políticos (The Support Offered by Spaniards in the European Integration Processes: Affective, Utilitari…
This paper analyses the dimensions of the support given by Spaniards to the European Union (EU). In order to do this, the main theoretical approaches that exist for explaining European public opinion, which are based on affective, utilitarian and national political factors, have been taken into account. The three theoretical viewpoints are tested, independently and jointly, through various regression analyses in order to find out which are the el…
Party system fragmentation in Morocco
This paper examines the fragmentation in the party system of Morocco. First, we describe the party system, taking into account the origin and nature of the Moroccan multi-party scene, the transformations in the party system that have taken place since Independence, and its present divisions. Second, we examine the influence of the electoral system on fragmentation, considering such elements as seat allocation in constituencies, the electoral form…
La quinta ola de democratización: Cambio político sin cambio de régimen en los países árabes
From a comparative perspective, this paper studies political change processes that followed the Arab protests and revolutions since December 2010. Previous experiences show the tendency of democracies to appear in waves. However, we hypothesise that we are not facing a new wave of democratisation in the Arab World, but a wave of political change that comprises several different processes (democratization, political liberalisation, new forms of au…
Political Change in North Africa and the Arab Middle East: Constitutional Reforms and Electoral Processes
The aim of this study is to examine, from a comparative focus, the processes of political change, which have come about as a result of the revolutions and upheavals in North Africa and the Arab Middle East countries since December 2010. Previous experiences have shown that democracies tend to emerge in waves. Nevertheless, our hypothesis is that we cannot generalize by referring to a new wave of democratization in this region, but rather, we need…
Exclusionary and Non-Consensual Transitions Versus Inclusive and Consensual Democratizations: The Cases of Egypt and Tunisia
The article analyzes the democratic transitions in Tunisia and Egypt, after the so-called “Arab Spring.” The working hypothesis is that the model of transition influences the result of democratization processes. The article is organized in three sections. The first one puts forward a theoretical and methodological framework, which includes a definition and classification of political regimes, a typology of the processes of political change and su…
Inter- and intra-party relations in the formation of the Benkirane coalition governments in Morocco
This article analyses inter- and intra-party relations in the formation of coalition governments in Morocco after the elections held in November 2011, and presided over by Abdelilah Benkirane. Although coalition theory has been applied in democratic contexts, we consider that the study of government coalitions, and in particular of party relations, is also important in hybrid political systems, in which there is significant room for political com…
Western Sahara and the Arab Spring
On 10 October 2010, a protest camp in the Sahrawi desert area of Gdeim Izik was established. Some academics and political analysts saw in the Sahrawi protest a preface to the Arab Spring that broke out a few months later in various North African and Middle Eastern countries. The hypothesis in this chapter is that the Gdeim Izik and subsequent protests in Western Sahara cannot be placed within the social movements and the “fifth wave of political …
Political Change in the Middle East and North Africa: After the Arab Spring
Analyses the democratic dimension of the recent political changes in MENATaking a comparative approach, this book considers the ways in which political regimes have changed since the Arab Spring. It addresses a series of questions about political change in the context of the revolutions, upheavals and protests that have taken place in North Africa and the Arab Middle East since December 2010, and looks at the various processes have been underway …
A real electoral duel between the P.J.D. and the P.A.M.? Analysing constituency-level competitiveness in the 2016 Moroccan elections
This article examines electoral competitiveness between the two main contenders in Morocco’s 2016 legislative elections, i.e. the Islamist Party of Justice and Development (P.J.D.) and the pro-monarchy Party of Authenticity and Modernity (P.A.M.). In contrast with electoral results at the national level, which reflect a high parliamentary competitiveness between these two parties, the analysis of competitiveness at the local constituency level (9…
Bipolarisation of the Moroccan political party arena? Refuting this idea through an analysis of the party system
The campaign for the October 7, 2016 election of the Moroccan House of Representatives, during which media attention was focused on the competition between the Islamist Party of Justice and Development (PJD) and the secular Party of Authenticity and Modernity (PAM), resulted in a narrow victory of the former over the latter. This led journalists and scholars to speak of a ‘bipolarisation’ of the political party arena in Morocco. This article aims…
Electoral engineering in autocracies: Effects of the 2021 electoral reform on Morocco’s parliamentary elections
This article examines the effects of electoral engineering in the 2021 Moroccan parliamentary elections. It demonstrates that Morocco’s proportional system, introduced in 2002 and reformed in 2021, is designed to co-opt political parties, prevent a predominant party and promote party system fragmentation, in line with the monarchy’s interests. Nevertheless, the electoral system is not imposed on political parties. The analysis of the process of e…
Authoritarian Resilience in Mena Countries in the Era of Autocratization: A Comparative Area Study of Authoritarian Deepening
Building on studies on authoritarian resilience in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), the article engages the current debate on global autocratization. It does so through the analysis of authoritarian deepening as a manifestation of contemporary authoritarianism from a cross-regional perspective. After framing theoretically and methodologically the study of authoritarian deepening, a Comparative Area Study—based on the most-different case s…
El apoyo de los españoles al proceso de integración europea factores afectivos, utilitaristas y políticos
El objeto de este artículo es analizar las dimensiones del apoyo de los españoles a la Unión Europea (UE). Para ello se han tenido en cuenta los principales enfoques teóricos existentes en la explicación de la opinión pública europea, que se basan, respectivamente, en factores afectivos, utilitaristas y de política nacional. A través de distintos análisis de regresión se testan las tres perspectivas teóricas, tanto de forma independiente como con…
Una propuesta de tipología de sistemas de partidos para regímenes democráticos y autoritarios pluralistas su aplicación a los países del Magreb
Desde el trabajo de Sartori, son escasas las tipologías de sistemas de partidos elaboradas, y las más recientes se centran en uno o dos criterios de clasificación, teniendo como referente las democracias. Este artículo propone una tipología de sistemas de partidos aplicable tanto en regímenes democráticos como en autoritarios pluralistas. Está basada en cuatro dimensiones: competencia, estabilidad del sistema de partidos, número y equilibrio entr…
Political science (15 works) · Law (13 works) · Politics (13 works) · Democracy (10 works) · Political economy (10 works) · Law (9 works) · Multiculturalism, Politics, Migration, Gender (9 works) · Sociology (8 works) · Economics (7 works) · Political Conflict and Governance (6 works)