Heather A Turner
Biographic Data
| ID | 145036 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Heather A Turner |
| GIVEN NAMES | Heather A |
| FAMILY NAME | Turner |
| SIGNATURE | TURNER H A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of New Hampshire |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2900-2419 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 60 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 380 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 60 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1988 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Associations Between Gun-Involved Victimization, Poly-Victimization, and Gun Carrying in a U.S. National Sample of Younger Adults
Exposure to violence has been found to influence gun carrying, but few studies have specifically examined associations between gun violence exposure and gun carrying, controlling for other forms of victimization. Additionally, little research has considered the role of poly-victimization. The current study uses data from the Growing Up with Guns study, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of participants recruited through the AmeriS…
Identifying Subtypes of Image-Based Sexual Abuse and their Distinct Incident Characteristics, Victimization Histories, and Personal Correlates
Image-based sexual abuse is common among adolescents, yet most research treats it as a single, uniform construct, obscuring important variation in how image-based harms occur and who is most vulnerable. This lack of differentiation represents a central gap in the field, limiting theoretical development and hindering understanding of the behavioral and relational dynamics that shape youth image-based sexual abuse. The present study addresses this …
Prevalence of exposure to someone else’s firearm violence, threats, and risky behavior among a national sample of young people in the United States
This article provides prevalence rates for a wide range of types of exposure to someone else’s firearm violence, threats, and risky behavior among youth and young adults across several different demographic and structural characteristics. Data are from the Growing Up with Guns study of 5,311 participants recruited through the AmeriSpeak Panel. Data were collected from September 2023 to January 2024. Eligibility included U.S. residents who were ag…
Image-based sexual abuse profiles
Image-Based Sexual Abuse (IBSA) is a widespread phenomenon with profound psychological, social, and relational impacts. Yet, limited research has explored the intersection of IBSA with mental health symptoms, adversities, and poly-victimization, as well as how these experiences vary across socio-demographic factors and social contexts. This study aims to identify distinct latent profiles of IBSA survivors based on victimization experiences, adver…
Variations in Hate Crime Cases by Bias Motivation Type
Accurate and detailed information on the nature of hate crimes in the United States has been hindered by limitations in the compiling of hate crime statistics. The National Hate Crime Investigation Study (NHCIS) collected data from a nationally representative sample of law enforcement agencies across the U.S. about the numbers of hate crimes investigated during 2018. Results show differences in a variety of case characteristics across four major …
Child Maltreatment in Youth-Serving Organizations
Child abuse in youth-serving organizations (YSO) is an increasingly referenced topic, but it currently has a limited epidemiological foundation. A body of research is beginning to shed light on this abuse, and this scoping review was aimed at better documenting what is currently known. The review specifically examined published and gray literature on child abuse in YSOs across several subcategories: daycare, detention/juvenile justice, healthcare…
When Is Online Sexual Solicitation of a Minor Considered Sexual Abuse? Recommendations for Victim Prevalence Surveys
Many new surveys have been developed to assess the prevalence of online sexual abuse. An important type of question asked in many of these surveys is about online sexual solicitation. However, not all sexual solicitations of children necessarily qualify as sexual abuse as it has conventionally been defined. Sexual solicitations from other same age youth may be legal and nonabusive. Solicitations of youth above the age of consent by adults may als…
Online commercial sexual exploitation of children in a national victim survey
This national survey reveals a high frequency of childhood commercial sex that diverges from descriptions of dynamics based on police and social agency data. Such dynamics suggest the need for alternative approaches to prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved)
Persisting concerns about image exposure among survivors of image-based sexual exploitation and abuse in childhood
The study highlights that some survivors of sexual image exploitation and abuse have persistent concerns about further image exposure to other audiences. Survivors with lower levels of persistent concern are typically those who do not believe the images are available online. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved)
Characteristics and Dynamics of Cyberstalking Victimization Among Juveniles and Young Adults
Using the nationally representative Ipsos online KnowledgePanel, the sample included three hundred thirty-six 18- to 28-year-olds who retrospectively reported first cyberstalking incidents as juveniles (9- to 17-year-olds) or adults. Half of the sample first experienced cyberstalking as juveniles and half first experienced it as adults. Juveniles were more likely to have more than two perpetrators in the same episode, to experience more violent t…
Emerging Ideas
Exposure to Multiple Forms of Bias Victimization on Youth and Young Adults
Family and friend social support as mediators of adolescent sibling victimization and mental health, self-esteem, and delinquency
850; 49% female) was conducted with a nationally representative sample of United States adolescents (Aged 10 to 17). Three mediation models were tested exploring (a) the unique effects of family and friend support, (b) the relative effects of each type of support, and (c) the effects of total support (family and friend support summed). The three models demonstrated partial mediation of adolescents' mental health and self-esteem. Family and total …
Patterns of Sibling Victimization as Predictors of Peer Victimization in Childhood and Adolescence
Effects of Poly-Victimization on Adolescent Social Support, Self-Concept, and Psychological Distress
Past research has demonstrated the particularly damaging effects of exposure to multiple forms of victimization, or “poly-victimization,” on youth mental health. The primary objective of the present study is to begin to identify the mechanisms that help explain its powerful impact. Analyses are based on two waves of longitudinal data from the National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence (NatSCEV), conducted in 2008 and 2010, that comprised …
Polyvictimization and Youth Violence Exposure Across Contexts
A revised inventory of Adverse Childhood Experiences
Prevalence of Childhood Exposure to Violence, Crime, and Abuse
IMPORTANCE: It is important to estimate the burden of and trends for violence, crime, and abuse in the lives of children. OBJECTIVE: To provide health care professionals, policy makers, and parents with current estimates of exposure to violence, crime, and abuse across childhood and at different developmental stages. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence (NatSCEV) includes a representative sampl…
Victim Reports of Bystander Reactions to In-Person and Online Peer Harassment
The Lifetime Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse and Sexual Assault Assessed in Late Adolescence
Violence, Crime, and Abuse Exposure in a National Sample of Children and Youth
IMPORTANCE: Because exposure to violence, crime, and abuse has been shown to have serious consequences on child development, physicians and policymakers need to know the kinds of exposure that occur at various developmental stages. OBJECTIVES: To provide updated estimates of and trends for childhood exposure to a broad range of violence, crime, and abuse victimizations. DESIGN: The National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence was based on a…
Improving the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study Scale
OBJECTIVE: To test and improve upon the list of adverse childhood experiences from the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study scale by examining the ability of a broader range to correlate with mental health symptoms. DESIGN: Nationally representative sample of children and adolescents. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Telephone interviews with a nationally representative sample of 2030 youth aged 10 to 17 years who were asked about lifetime adversit…
Family structure, victimization, and child mental health in a nationally representative sample
Community Disorder, Victimization Exposure, and Mental Health in a National Sample of Youth
This study considers whether elevated distress among youth living in more disordered neighborhoods can be explained by personal exposure to violence and victimization, level of non-victimization adversity, and family support. Analyses were based on a sample of 2,039 youth ages 10 to 17 who participated in the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence, a national telephone survey conducted in 2008. Using structural equation modeling, we f…
Family context, victimization, and child trauma symptoms
Based on a nationally representative sample of 2,017 children age 2-9 years, this study examines variations in "safe, stable, and nurturing" relationships (SSNRs), including several forms of family perpetrated victimization, and documents associations between these factors and child trauma symptoms. Findings show that many children were exposed to multiple forms of victimization within the family (such as physical or sexual abuse, emotional maltr…
The effect of lifetime victimization on the mental health of children and adolescents
The prevalence of informal caregiving to persons with aids in the United States
Gender and social support
Direct and Indirect Effects of Childhood Adversity on Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults
Gender, Social Status, and Emotional Reliance
Past research has suggested the potential importance of considering emotional reliance, a dimension of interpersonal dependence, when addressing social and developmental risk factors for depression. Based on a probability sample of 1,393 adults aged 18-55 residing in Toronto, Canada, this paper addresses gender differences in emotional reliance and the relevance of emotional reliance in explaining the gender-depression association. We also explor…
Corporal Punishment as a Stressor among Youth
This article addresses the impact of corporal punishment by parents on the psychological well-being of youth. The present research used the National Youth Victimization Prevention Study (NYVPS), a nationally representative sample of 1,042 boys and 958 girls, ages 10-16. Based on a stress-process framework, we examine: (a) the effects of frequency of corporal punishment experienced by youth ages 10-16 on psychological distress and clinically relev…
Determinants of Social Support Among Gay Men
In this study, the determinants of social support are examined among a probability sample of gay men residing in San Francisco. Using two waves of data (collected in 1985 and 1987), cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses focused on the effects of five sets of factors (demographic, community integration/network, AIDS-related loss, individual, and health) on satisfaction with three types of support (emotional, informational, and practical). Pers…
Community Disorder, Victimization Exposure, and Mental Health in a National Sample of Youth
This study considers whether elevated distress among youth living in more disordered neighborhoods can be explained by personal exposure to violence and victimization, level of non-victimization adversity, and family support. Analyses were based on a sample of 2,039 youth ages 10 to 17 who participated in the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence, a national telephone survey conducted in 2008. Using structural equation modeling, we f…
Stress of Aids caregiving
This paper describes the stressors experienced by lovers and friends who were caregivers to AIDS patients and the social supports and coping strategies they drew on in efforts to mediate stress. From exploratory, intensive interviews with San Francisco men who provided care in their homes or those of the patients, three types of stressor were identified. One involves exigencies within the caregiver role itself, such as the demands and burdens enc…
Understanding variations in exposure to social stress
Although exposure to stress is a central component of the stress process paradigm, little research has explicitly sought to identify antecedents of stress exposure. Based on a probability sample of 1393 adults aged 18-55 residing in Toronto, Canada, this research examines the effects of social status, past adversity, social and personal resources and history of mental disorder on recent exposure to stress. Consistent with earlier findings, result…
Informal Caregiving to Persons with Aids in the United States
Characteristics and caregiving experiences of friends and family members caring for people with AIDS (PWAs) were examined. Based on a probability sample of informal AIDS caregivers ages 18–49 living in central cities of the United States ( n = 260), analyses were conducted to (a) identify the sociodemographic characteristics of young central city caregivers; and (b) examine the effects of caregiver characteristics (relationship to PWA, gender, ra…
Exposure to Interparental Conflict and Psychological Disorder Among Young Adults
This article examines the effect of exposure to interparental conflict on the mental health of young adults. Based on a diverse sample of 649 students from three New England colleges, the authors investigate the association between nonviolent interparental conflict during childhood, subsequent distress and disorder, and identified factors that mediate the relationship. Results indicate that exposure to interparental conflict significantly increas…
Age, Disability, and the Sense of Mastery
Are there age differences in the sense of mastery, independent of physical disability? Do age and disability have joint effects on mastery? We propose that both age and disability have independent and synergistic effects on the sense of mastery or control. We analyze data from a large community sample of disabled individuals and a comparison of nondisabled respondents. Our study finds that, indeed, disabled and older respondents report lower leve…
Sources and Determinants of Social Support for Caregivers of Persons with Aids
Heather A. Turner, Leonard I. Pearlin, Joseph T. Mullan, Sources and Determinants of Social Support for Caregivers of Persons with AIDS, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 39, No. 2 (Jun., 1998), pp. 137-151
Specifying Type and Location of Peer Victimization in a National Sample of Children and Youth
Family structure, victimization, and child mental health in a nationally representative sample
Stress, Social Resources, and Depression among Never-Married and Divorced Rural Mothers
While the impact of single parenting on women and children has long been a concern, very little research has focused on single parents living in rural areas. Based on a probability sample of 508 single mothers aged 18-39 living in rural Northern New England, the present study: (1) examines the impact of several domains of stress on mothers' depression, (2) considers potential buffering effects of social resources, and (3) identifies variations in…
The Significance of Employment for Chronic Stress and Psychological Distress among Rural Single Mothers
Considerable research has found elevated levels of stress and psychological distress among single mothers. However, little research has addressed the relevance of employment for stress processes in this population, and few studies have focused on links between employment, stress, and mental health among single mothers living in rural areas. Based on a probability sample of 508 single mothers age 18–39 living in rural Northern New England, this st…
Long-Term Effects of Child Corporal Punishment on Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults
Based on a sample of 649 students from 3 New England colleges, this study examined the long-term effects of childhood corporal punishment on symptoms of depression and considered factors that may moderate or mediate the association. Similar to national studies, approximately 40% of the sample reported experiencing some level of corporal punishment when they were 13 years old. Findings indicated that level of corporal punishment is positively rela…
When Feeling Other People's Pain Hurts
Scott Schieman, Heather A. Turner, "When Feeling Other People's Pain Hurts": The Influence of Psychosocial Resources on the Association between Self-Reported Empathy and Depressive Symptoms, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 64, No. 4 (Dec., 2001), pp. 376-389
Patterns of Sibling Victimization as Predictors of Peer Victimization in Childhood and Adolescence
Predictors of receiving counseling in a national sample of youth
Exposure to Multiple Forms of Bias Victimization on Youth and Young Adults
Work and Welfare Strategies among Single Mothers in Rural New England
This paper examines how community, social, and interpersonal networks are associated with reliance on work or welfare among rural single mothers. Based on telephone interviews with single mothers in rural northern New England, the data were used to measure the effects of demographic characteristics, community context, informal and formal social networks, and perceived social support on employment, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), a…
Participation bias in Aids‐related telephone surveys
A study of nonrespondents from the National AIDS Behavioral Survey (NABS) was conducted in 1990 to attempt to identify potential differences in participants and non‐participants that may influence estimates of sexual risk behavior. Nonrespondents were comprised of two groups: people who refused twice to participate in the main study, and people who were extremely difficult to contact (i.e., could not be contacted within 17 call attempts). Demogra…
Stress of Aids caregiving
This paper describes the stressors experienced by lovers and friends who were caregivers to AIDS patients and the social supports and coping strategies they drew on in efforts to mediate stress. From exploratory, intensive interviews with San Francisco men who provided care in their homes or those of the patients, three types of stressor were identified. One involves exigencies within the caregiver role itself, such as the demands and burdens enc…
Social support, Aids-related symptoms, and depression among gay men.
Prevalence of Aids-Related Risk Factors and Condom Use in the United States
A national probability survey of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related risk factors among the general heterosexual population, the National AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) Behavioral Surveys, has obtained data from 10,630 respondents. Data are presented on the prevalence of HIV-related risks in the general heterosexual population, on the distribution of the three largest risk groups across social strata, and on the prevalence and d…
Determinants of Social Support Among Gay Men
In this study, the determinants of social support are examined among a probability sample of gay men residing in San Francisco. Using two waves of data (collected in 1985 and 1987), cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses focused on the effects of five sets of factors (demographic, community integration/network, AIDS-related loss, individual, and health) on satisfaction with three types of support (emotional, informational, and practical). Pers…
Gender and social support
The prevalence of informal caregiving to persons with aids in the United States
Corporal Punishment as a Stressor among Youth
This article addresses the impact of corporal punishment by parents on the psychological well-being of youth. The present research used the National Youth Victimization Prevention Study (NYVPS), a nationally representative sample of 1,042 boys and 958 girls, ages 10-16. Based on a stress-process framework, we examine: (a) the effects of frequency of corporal punishment experienced by youth ages 10-16 on psychological distress and clinically relev…
Informal Caregiving to Persons with Aids in the United States
Characteristics and caregiving experiences of friends and family members caring for people with AIDS (PWAs) were examined. Based on a probability sample of informal AIDS caregivers ages 18–49 living in central cities of the United States ( n = 260), analyses were conducted to (a) identify the sociodemographic characteristics of young central city caregivers; and (b) examine the effects of caregiver characteristics (relationship to PWA, gender, ra…
Sources and Determinants of Social Support for Caregivers of Persons with Aids
Heather A. Turner, Leonard I. Pearlin, Joseph T. Mullan, Sources and Determinants of Social Support for Caregivers of Persons with AIDS, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 39, No. 2 (Jun., 1998), pp. 137-151
Age, Disability, and the Sense of Mastery
Are there age differences in the sense of mastery, independent of physical disability? Do age and disability have joint effects on mastery? We propose that both age and disability have independent and synergistic effects on the sense of mastery or control. We analyze data from a large community sample of disabled individuals and a comparison of nondisabled respondents. Our study finds that, indeed, disabled and older respondents report lower leve…
Participation bias in Aids‐related telephone surveys
A study of nonrespondents from the National AIDS Behavioral Survey (NABS) was conducted in 1990 to attempt to identify potential differences in participants and non‐participants that may influence estimates of sexual risk behavior. Nonrespondents were comprised of two groups: people who refused twice to participate in the main study, and people who were extremely difficult to contact (i.e., could not be contacted within 17 call attempts). Demogra…
Gender, Social Status, and Emotional Reliance
Past research has suggested the potential importance of considering emotional reliance, a dimension of interpersonal dependence, when addressing social and developmental risk factors for depression. Based on a probability sample of 1,393 adults aged 18-55 residing in Toronto, Canada, this paper addresses gender differences in emotional reliance and the relevance of emotional reliance in explaining the gender-depression association. We also explor…
When Feeling Other People's Pain Hurts
Scott Schieman, Heather A. Turner, "When Feeling Other People's Pain Hurts": The Influence of Psychosocial Resources on the Association between Self-Reported Empathy and Depressive Symptoms, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 64, No. 4 (Dec., 2001), pp. 376-389
Computer self-efficacy, gender, and educational background in south africa
Research has demonstrated possible factors for low participation by women, including self-efficacy. This paper considers computer self-efficacy and its relationship to gender and educational background. Self-efficacy is based on self-perception and is defined as the belief an individual has about their ability to perform a particular task. Self-efficacy is important as it influences the choice of activities by an individual, the amount of effort …
Direct and Indirect Effects of Childhood Adversity on Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults
Long-Term Effects of Child Corporal Punishment on Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults
Based on a sample of 649 students from 3 New England colleges, this study examined the long-term effects of childhood corporal punishment on symptoms of depression and considered factors that may moderate or mediate the association. Similar to national studies, approximately 40% of the sample reported experiencing some level of corporal punishment when they were 13 years old. Findings indicated that level of corporal punishment is positively rela…
Measuring poly-victimization using the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire
The Victimization of Children and Youth
This study examined a large spectrum of violence, crime, and victimization experiences in a nationally representative sample of children and youth ages 2 to 17 years. More than one half (530 per 1,000) of the children and youth had experienced a physical assault in the study year, more than 1 in 4 (273 per 1,000) a property offense, more than 1 in 8 (136 per 1,000) a form of child maltreatment, 1 in 12 (82 per 1,000) a sexual victimization, and m…
The Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire
Understanding variations in exposure to social stress
Although exposure to stress is a central component of the stress process paradigm, little research has explicitly sought to identify antecedents of stress exposure. Based on a probability sample of 1393 adults aged 18-55 residing in Toronto, Canada, this research examines the effects of social status, past adversity, social and personal resources and history of mental disorder on recent exposure to stress. Consistent with earlier findings, result…
The effect of lifetime victimization on the mental health of children and adolescents
Stress, Social Resources, and Depression among Never-Married and Divorced Rural Mothers
While the impact of single parenting on women and children has long been a concern, very little research has focused on single parents living in rural areas. Based on a probability sample of 508 single mothers aged 18-39 living in rural Northern New England, the present study: (1) examines the impact of several domains of stress on mothers' depression, (2) considers potential buffering effects of social resources, and (3) identifies variations in…
Exposure to Interparental Conflict and Psychological Disorder Among Young Adults
This article examines the effect of exposure to interparental conflict on the mental health of young adults. Based on a diverse sample of 649 students from three New England colleges, the authors investigate the association between nonviolent interparental conflict during childhood, subsequent distress and disorder, and identified factors that mediate the relationship. Results indicate that exposure to interparental conflict significantly increas…
Re-victimization patterns in a national longitudinal sample of children and youth
Poly-victimization
Psychology (51 works) · Medicine (48 works) · Clinical Psychology (34 works) · Poison control (34 works) · Child Abuse and Trauma (29 works) · Injury prevention (29 works) · Developmental psychology (27 works) · Suicide prevention (27 works) · Psychiatry (26 works) · Environmental health (21 works)