David M Cutler
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1454898 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | David M Cutler |
| NOMBRES | David M |
| APELLIDO | Cutler |
| FIRMA | CUTLER D M |
| AFILIACIONES | Harvard University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 40 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 382 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 40 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1994 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Scanning the Health Care System in the US
This JAMA Forum discusses the declining costs and use of diagnostic imaging, the reasons for the imaging slowdown, and the future of imaging in the US health care system
The Worst Piece of Health Care Legislation Ever
This JAMA forum discusses the cuts to US health care spending in the One Big Beautiful Bill Act and their impacts on Medicare and Medicaid recipients, physicians, and hospitals, particularly those in rural areas
Trump’s Most Important Health Policy May Be at the Border
This JAMA Forum discusses immigration in the context of the health care workforce, the potential negative effects from a reduced supply of workers, and potential policy options
Ways to Save Money in Health Care
This JAMA Forum discusses ideas for saving money in health care such as reducing the need for care, reducing excessive prices, and shifting to lower-cost practices
Financial Games in Health Care—Doing Well Without Doing Good
This JAMA Forum discusses dimensions of financial manipulation in health care and highlights policies that might address it
The New Role of Private Investment in Health Care Delivery
This JAMA Forum discusses the good and bad of innovation in health care delivery, tax policy, an escrow account for failure, and state monitoring
What Artificial Intelligence Means for Health Care
This JAMA Forum discusses 5 observations about the possible effects of artificial intelligence on medicine
Health System Change in the Wake of Covid-19
This JAMA Forum discusses resiliency, telehealth, the health care labor force, and public health in the context of the health system changes occurring since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic
Challenges for the Beleaguered Health Care Workforce During Covid-19
Two years after it first appeared, COVID-19 continues to affect the population's health and the world economy. The good news is that recent waves of COVID-19 appear less likely to cause severe cases of disease compared with prior waves. As the health situation has improved, the economy has recovered as well-though only partially. A tremendous amount of dislocation remains, and working through the economic situation will be challenging
Medicare Enters the Pharmaceutical Purchasing Business
The recently passed Inflation Reduction Act made fundamental changes to federal health and climate policy. The law was unexpected and unusually broad. Barely a week before the Senate passed the bill, there was no sign of pending legislation. Three weeks
Health Workforce Issues More Conspicuous After Onset of Covid-19
This JAMA Forum discusses the problems facing the health care workforce in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, including a shortage of workers and the challenge of increasing wages, and highlights issues that policy makers and leaders may consider to address these problems
Which Way Will Biden Go on Health Care
The Biden administration has one of the boldest agendas in decades. During President Biden's first 2 months in office, the administration passed the $1.9 trillion American Rescue Plan (ARP). The Biden administration has proposed a $2 trillion infrastructure plan. And on deck is a $1 to $2 trillion plan to support families. On issue after issue, the Biden administration is going big: massive tax credits for low-and middle-income individuals; enorm…
How Covid-19 Changes the Economics of Health Care
Eighteen months after SARS-CoV-2 arrived in the US, the coronavirus continues to affect every aspect of society. The health effects of the pandemic have been enormous-and unfortunately, the economic implications have been as well. Overall employment is still 7.6 million workers short of prepandemic forecasts, and economic output remains below the expected trend
When Innovation Goes Wrong
The fourfold increase in opioid deaths between 2000 and 2017 rivals even the COVID-19 pandemic as a health crisis for America. Why did it happen? Measures of demand for pain relief – physical pain and despair – are high and in many cases rising, but their increase was nowhere near as large as the increase in deaths. The primary shift is in supply, primarily of new forms of allegedly safer narcotics. These new pain relievers flowed in greater volu…
Trends and Racial Differences in First Hospitalization for Stroke and 30-Day Mortality in the US Medicare Population From 1988 to 2013
PURPOSE: The main purpose of this study was to determine whether there were temporal differences in the rates of first stroke hospitalizations and 30-day mortality after stroke between black and white Medicare enrollees. METHODS: We used a 20% sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older and described the annual rate of first hospitalization for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes from years 1988 to 2013, as well as 30-day mortality after…
Short-term Outcomes for Medicare Beneficiaries After Low-acuity Visits to Emergency Departments and Clinics
BACKGROUND: There is substantial interest in identifying low-acuity visits to emergency departments (EDs) that could be treated more appropriately in other settings. Systematic differences in illness severity between ED patients and comparable patients elsewhere could make such strategies unsafe, but little evidence exists to guide policy makers. OBJECTIVE: To compare illness severity between patients visiting EDs and outpatient clinics, by compa…
Vitamin D deficiency in minority populations
Objective Black and Hispanic individuals synthesize less vitamin D per unit of sun exposure than white individuals. The relationship between UV radiation and vitamin D insufficiency in minorities has not been well explored. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we obtained serum vitamin D levels for non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks aged ≥18 years from 2000–2006. …
When does education matter? The protective effect of education for cohorts graduating in bad times
Comparison of Trends in US Health-Related Quality of Life Over the 2000s Using the SF-6D, HALex, EQ-5D, and EQ-5D Visual Analog Scale Versus a Broader Set of Symptoms and Impairments
BACKGROUND: A number of instruments have been developed to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL), differing in the health domains covered and their scoring. Although few such measures have been consistently included in US national health surveys over time, the surveys have included data on a broad range of symptoms and impairments, which enables the tracking of population health trends. OBJECTIVES: To compare trends in HRQoL as measured …
US Trends in Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy From 1987 to 2008
Objectives. We used data from multiple national health surveys to systematically track the health of the US adult population. Methods. We estimated trends in quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) from 1987 to 2008 by using national mortality data combined with data on symptoms and impairments from the National Medical Expenditure Survey (1987), National Health Interview Survey (1987, 1994–1995, 1996), Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (1992, 199…
The (Paper)Work of Medicine
This paper draws on international evidence on medical spending to examine what the United States can learn about making its healthcare system more efficient. We focus primarily on understanding contemporaneous differences in the level of spending, generally from the 2000s. Medical spending differs across countries either because the price of services differs (for example, a coronary bypass surgery operation may cost more in the United States than…
Medical Spending Differences in the United States and Canada
The United States far outspends Canada on health care, but the sources of additional spending are unclear. We evaluated the importance of incomes, administration, and medical interventions in this difference. Pooling various sources, we calculated medical personnel incomes, administrative expenses, and procedure volume and intensity for the United States and Canada. We found that Canada spent $1589 per capita less on physicians and hospitals in 2…
Trends in Mortality and Medical Spending in Patients Hospitalized for Community-Acquired Pneumonia
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common infectious cause of death in the United States. To understand the effect of efforts to improve quality and efficiency of care in CAP, we examined the trends in mortality and costs among hospitalized CAP patients. METHODS: Using the National Inpatient Sample between 1993 and 2005, we studied 569,524 CAP admissions. The primary outcome was mortality at discharge. We used logistic reg…
Forecasting the Effects of Obesity and Smoking on U.S. Life Expectancy
BACKGROUND: Although increases in obesity over the past 30 years have adversely affected the health of the U.S. population, there have been concomitant improvements in health because of reductions in smoking. Having a better understanding of the joint effects of these trends on longevity and quality of life will facilitate more efficient targeting of health care resources. METHODS: For each year from 2005 through 2020, we forecasted life expectan…
Measuring the Subjective Well-Being of Nations
This chapter evaluates National Time Accounting (NTA) and it is noted that the major issue is the distinction between the process of consumption and the existential value of consumption. According to this chapter, the U-index and evaluated time use more generally, are very good at measuring the utility of the process that goes into consumption. A reference is also made to Bentham's classic felicity calculus, which involved an enumeration of pleas…
The Rise and Decline of the American Ghetto
This paper examines segregation in American cities from 1890 to 1990. We divide the century into three time periods. From 1890 to 1940, ghettos were born as blacks migrated to urban areas and cities developed vast expanses filled with nearly exclusively black housing. From 1940 to 1970, black migration continued and ghettos expanded. Since 1970, there has been a decline in segregation as blacks have moved to suburban areas and central cities have…
Why Have Americans Become More Obese
Americans have become considerably more obese over the past 25 years. This increase is primarily the result of consuming more calories. The increase in food consumption is itself the result of technological innovations which made it possible for food to be mass prepared far from the point of consumption, and consumed with lower time costs of preparation and cleaning. Price changes are normally beneficial, but may not be if people have self-contro…
When are ghettos bad? Lessons from immigrant segregation in the United States
When does education matter? The protective effect of education for cohorts graduating in bad times
Autopsy on an Empire
Male life expectancy at birth fell by over six years in Russia between 1989 and 1994. Many other countries of the former Soviet Union saw similar declines, and female life expectancy fell as well. Using cross-country and Russian household survey data, we assess six possible explanations for this upsurge in mortality. Most find little support in the data: the deterioration of the health care system, changes in diet and obesity, and material depriv…
The Birth and Growth of the Social Insurance State
The (Paper)Work of Medicine
This paper draws on international evidence on medical spending to examine what the United States can learn about making its healthcare system more efficient. We focus primarily on understanding contemporaneous differences in the level of spending, generally from the 2000s. Medical spending differs across countries either because the price of services differs (for example, a coronary bypass surgery operation may cost more in the United States than…
US Trends in Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy From 1987 to 2008
Objectives. We used data from multiple national health surveys to systematically track the health of the US adult population. Methods. We estimated trends in quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) from 1987 to 2008 by using national mortality data combined with data on symptoms and impairments from the National Medical Expenditure Survey (1987), National Health Interview Survey (1987, 1994–1995, 1996), Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (1992, 199…
Are We Finally Winning the War on Cancer
President Nixon declared what came to be known as the "war on cancer" in 1971 in his State of the Union address. At first the war on cancer went poorly: despite a substantial increase in resources, age-adjusted cancer mortality increased by 8 percent between 1971 and 1990, twice the increase from 1950 through 1971. However, between 1990 and 2004, age-adjusted cancer mortality fell by 13 percent. This drop translates into an increase in life expec…
The Economic Impacts of the Tobacco Settlement
Recent litigation against the major tobacco companies culminated in a master settlement agreement (MSA) under which the participating companies agreed to compensate most states for Medicaid expenses. Here the terms of the settlement are outlined and its economic implications analyzed using data from Massachusetts. The financial compensation to Massachusetts (and other states) under the MSA is substantial. However, this compensation is dwarfed by …
A Guide to Health Care Reform
There are four rationales for health care reform: increasing the efficiency of health delivery; reforming the market for health insurance; providing universal coverage; and reducing the federal deficit. These goals are reflected in most reform proposals. Achieving these goals involves several problems, however. Paying for universal coverage may lead to labor supply or demand reductions. In addition, reform involves large federal risks that must b…
A Guide to Health Care Reform
There are four rationales for health care reform: increasing the efficiency of health delivery; reforming the market for health insurance; providing universal coverage; and reducing the federal deficit. These goals are reflected in most reform proposals. Achieving these goals involves several problems, however. Paying for universal coverage may lead to labor supply or demand reductions. In addition, reform involves large federal risks that must b…
The Rise and Decline of the American Ghetto
This paper examines segregation in American cities from 1890 to 1990. We divide the century into three time periods. From 1890 to 1940, ghettos were born as blacks migrated to urban areas and cities developed vast expanses filled with nearly exclusively black housing. From 1940 to 1970, black migration continued and ghettos expanded. Since 1970, there has been a decline in segregation as blacks have moved to suburban areas and central cities have…
The Economic Impacts of the Tobacco Settlement
Recent litigation against the major tobacco companies culminated in a master settlement agreement (MSA) under which the participating companies agreed to compensate most states for Medicaid expenses. Here the terms of the settlement are outlined and its economic implications analyzed using data from Massachusetts. The financial compensation to Massachusetts (and other states) under the MSA is substantial. However, this compensation is dwarfed by …
Walking the Tightrope on Medicare Reform
A central controversy in the debate about Medicare is whether the program spends too much money or whether instead it should be expanded to cover more. I consider the value of increased Medicare spending. I argue that on average Medicare spending is worth it: the health gains brought by medicare have been greater than their cost. At the margin, however, services are overused and have low value. Medicare reforms need to promote the high average va…
Why Have Americans Become More Obese
Americans have become considerably more obese over the past 25 years. This increase is primarily the result of consuming more calories. The increase in food consumption is itself the result of technological innovations which made it possible for food to be mass prepared far from the point of consumption, and consumed with lower time costs of preparation and cleaning. Price changes are normally beneficial, but may not be if people have self-contro…
The Birth and Growth of the Social Insurance State
Autopsy on an Empire
Male life expectancy at birth fell by over six years in Russia between 1989 and 1994. Many other countries of the former Soviet Union saw similar declines, and female life expectancy fell as well. Using cross-country and Russian household survey data, we assess six possible explanations for this upsurge in mortality. Most find little support in the data: the deterioration of the health care system, changes in diet and obesity, and material depriv…
Trends in the prevalence and mortality of cognitive impairment in the United States
BACKGROUND: Recent medical, demographic, and social trends might have had an important impact on the cognitive health of older adults. To assess the impact of these multiple trends, we compared the prevalence and 2-year mortality of cognitive impairment (CI) consistent with dementia in the United States in 1993 to 1995 and 2002 to 2004. METHODS: We used data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative population-based …
The Gap Gets Bigger
In this paper we examine educational disparities in mortality and life expectancy among non-Hispanic blacks and whites in the 1980s and 1990s. Despite increased attention and substantial dollars directed to groups with low socioeconomic status, within race and gender groups, the educational gap in life expectancy is rising, mainly because of rising differentials among the elderly. With the exception of black males, all recent gains in life expect…
Is the Melting Pot Still Hot? Explaining the Resurgence of Immigrant Segregation
This paper uses decennial Census data to examine the residential integration of the foreign born in the United States between 1910 and 2000. Immigrant segregation declined in the first part of the century, but has been rising over the past few decades. Recent immigrants tend to hail from countries with greater cultural distinctions from U.S. natives, whether economic, racial, or linguistic. These factors explain much of the increase in segregatio…
When are ghettos bad? Lessons from immigrant segregation in the United States
The Impact of Symptoms and Impairments on Overall Health in US National Health Data
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects on overall self-rated health of the broad range of symptoms and impairments that are routinely asked about in national surveys. DATA: We use data from adults in the nationally representative Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) 2002 with validation in an independent sample from MEPS 2000. METHODS: Regression analysis is used to relate impairments and symptoms to a 100-point self-rating of general health status.…
Are We Finally Winning the War on Cancer
President Nixon declared what came to be known as the "war on cancer" in 1971 in his State of the Union address. At first the war on cancer went poorly: despite a substantial increase in resources, age-adjusted cancer mortality increased by 8 percent between 1971 and 1990, twice the increase from 1950 through 1971. However, between 1990 and 2004, age-adjusted cancer mortality fell by 13 percent. This drop translates into an increase in life expec…
Forecasting the Effects of Obesity and Smoking on U.S. Life Expectancy
BACKGROUND: Although increases in obesity over the past 30 years have adversely affected the health of the U.S. population, there have been concomitant improvements in health because of reductions in smoking. Having a better understanding of the joint effects of these trends on longevity and quality of life will facilitate more efficient targeting of health care resources. METHODS: For each year from 2005 through 2020, we forecasted life expectan…
Understanding differences in health behaviors by education
Challenges in Building Disease-Based National Health Accounts
BACKGROUND: Measuring spending on diseases is critical to assessing the value of medical care. OBJECTIVE: To review the current state of cost of illness estimation methods, identifying their strengths, limitations, and uses. We briefly describe the current National Health Expenditure Accounts, and then go on to discuss the addition of cost of illness estimation to the National Health Expenditure Accounts. CONCLUSION: Recommendations are made for …
Medical Spending Differences in the United States and Canada
The United States far outspends Canada on health care, but the sources of additional spending are unclear. We evaluated the importance of incomes, administration, and medical interventions in this difference. Pooling various sources, we calculated medical personnel incomes, administrative expenses, and procedure volume and intensity for the United States and Canada. We found that Canada spent $1589 per capita less on physicians and hospitals in 2…
Trends in Mortality and Medical Spending in Patients Hospitalized for Community-Acquired Pneumonia
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common infectious cause of death in the United States. To understand the effect of efforts to improve quality and efficiency of care in CAP, we examined the trends in mortality and costs among hospitalized CAP patients. METHODS: Using the National Inpatient Sample between 1993 and 2005, we studied 569,524 CAP admissions. The primary outcome was mortality at discharge. We used logistic reg…
The (Paper)Work of Medicine
This paper draws on international evidence on medical spending to examine what the United States can learn about making its healthcare system more efficient. We focus primarily on understanding contemporaneous differences in the level of spending, generally from the 2000s. Medical spending differs across countries either because the price of services differs (for example, a coronary bypass surgery operation may cost more in the United States than…
US Trends in Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy From 1987 to 2008
Objectives. We used data from multiple national health surveys to systematically track the health of the US adult population. Methods. We estimated trends in quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) from 1987 to 2008 by using national mortality data combined with data on symptoms and impairments from the National Medical Expenditure Survey (1987), National Health Interview Survey (1987, 1994–1995, 1996), Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (1992, 199…
Comparison of Trends in US Health-Related Quality of Life Over the 2000s Using the SF-6D, HALex, EQ-5D, and EQ-5D Visual Analog Scale Versus a Broader Set of Symptoms and Impairments
BACKGROUND: A number of instruments have been developed to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL), differing in the health domains covered and their scoring. Although few such measures have been consistently included in US national health surveys over time, the surveys have included data on a broad range of symptoms and impairments, which enables the tracking of population health trends. OBJECTIVES: To compare trends in HRQoL as measured …
Vitamin D deficiency in minority populations
Objective Black and Hispanic individuals synthesize less vitamin D per unit of sun exposure than white individuals. The relationship between UV radiation and vitamin D insufficiency in minorities has not been well explored. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we obtained serum vitamin D levels for non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks aged ≥18 years from 2000–2006. …
When does education matter? The protective effect of education for cohorts graduating in bad times
Short-term Outcomes for Medicare Beneficiaries After Low-acuity Visits to Emergency Departments and Clinics
BACKGROUND: There is substantial interest in identifying low-acuity visits to emergency departments (EDs) that could be treated more appropriately in other settings. Systematic differences in illness severity between ED patients and comparable patients elsewhere could make such strategies unsafe, but little evidence exists to guide policy makers. OBJECTIVE: To compare illness severity between patients visiting EDs and outpatient clinics, by compa…
Trends and Racial Differences in First Hospitalization for Stroke and 30-Day Mortality in the US Medicare Population From 1988 to 2013
PURPOSE: The main purpose of this study was to determine whether there were temporal differences in the rates of first stroke hospitalizations and 30-day mortality after stroke between black and white Medicare enrollees. METHODS: We used a 20% sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older and described the annual rate of first hospitalization for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes from years 1988 to 2013, as well as 30-day mortality after…
Medicine (26 obras) · Economics (22 obras) · Health care (20 obras) · Economic growth (17 obras) · Healthcare Policy and Management (16 obras) · Environmental health (14 obras) · Political science (14 obras) · Population (14 obras) · Demography (13 obras) · Business (12 obras)