Christina Craig
Biographic Data
| ID | 146105 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Christina Craig |
| GIVEN NAMES | Christina |
| FAMILY NAME | Craig |
| SIGNATURE | CRAIG C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4872-2403 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 28 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 61 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 28 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of hand hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare workers in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala in the Covid-19 context
Healthcare workers and patients are at continual risk for healthcare-associated infections due to poor hand hygiene. Programs that support appropriate hand hygiene practices may mitigate this risk, although implementation is challenged by several barriers, including limited availability of hand hygiene products at the point of care, as described by the world health organization (WHO). In this study, we used mixed methodologies, including in-depth…
Hand Hygiene Roles, Challenges, and Intervention Feedback from School Staff: A Qualitative Analysis, Belize, 2022–2023
Hand hygiene (HH) in school settings can reduce the spread of infectious diseases and student absenteeism due to illness. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization recommended HH as a public health measure to prevent disease transmission. Understanding school staff's experiences with school-based programs is important for future program development and improvement. As part of a mixed-methods study, we conducted in-depth intervie…
Changes in Hand Hygiene Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Primary School Students: Insights from a Promotion Program in Guatemala
School-aged children are vulnerable to infectious diseases due to their developing immune systems and frequent social interactions. The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions, like hand hygiene (HH). This study evaluated the changes achieved through a school-based intervention to Guatemalan primary school students' HH knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices while collecting teacher feedback to i…
The normative problem of nuclear war in the thought of Kenneth Waltz and John Mearsheimer
Kenneth Waltz and John Mearsheimer are the two most important exponents of the International Relations theory of Structural Realism. A key epistemological component of structural realism is its rejection of normative advocacy, as this is both unscientific and also pointless. I show how both scholars have been unable to adhere to this rule on the question of nuclear war, and how this threatens the logic of their theorising
Did the Bush Administration mean well
This review engages with Melvyn Leffler’s new book on the origins of the (second) Iraq war. It focusses particularly upon his argument that the Bush administration, and especially the president himself, genuinely regarded Iraq as a serious threat and initiated the war in 2003 for understandable reasons of national security. The review acknowledges that Leffler makes a strong case that Bush himself was motivated by such concerns, but goes on to ar…
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Infrastructure and Resources in Schools in Belize during the Covid-19 Pandemic, 2021–2023
Access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) resources in schools is critical for disease prevention and control, especially during public health emergencies. In Belize, systematic, national data on WASH in schools are needed to inform public health decisions and interventions. From December 2021 to January 2022, a national survey was sent electronically to government and government-aided primary and secondary schools in Belize (N = 308) to ga…
Who, exactly, will ban the bomb
Ward Wilson worries, as everyone alive should worry, that the existence of nuclear weaponry, combined with the absence of any authority to prevent its use, portends an eventual nuclear war that could kill off much, or even all, of humanity. Such a war could be deliberately initiated, or it could happen as a result of accident or inadvertence. Wilson argues, and I agree, that this possibility demands urgent political action. His solution, as the t…
Attitudes, Beliefs, and Perceptions Associated with Mask Wearing within Four Racial and Ethnic Groups Early in the Covid-19 Pandemic
Assessment of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Conditions in Public Elementary Schools in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala, in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services in schools are essential to reduce infectious disease transmission, including that of COVID-19. This study aimed to establish a baseline of WASH services in six public elementary schools in Guatemala, with a focus on hand hygiene. We used the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) report indicators to assess the WASH infrastructure at each school. We collected water samples from easily accessibl…
Assessing hand hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among Guatemalan primary school students in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic
The results from the KAP survey show high scores, however correct identification of key moments for HH was relatively uncommon, especially after restroom use and after coughing or sneezing. Additionally, half of HH opportunities observed had correct HH practices and on average, hands were dirtiest when arriving at school. These findings will inform interventions to improve HH practices and behaviors, which will be evaluated with follow-up data co…
How do nutrition professionals working in low‐income countries perceive and prioritize actions to prevent wasting? A mixed‐methods study
Despite a shared commitment to achieving global nutrition targets, development and emergency-humanitarian actors tend to prioritize different nutrition outcomes and actions. New approaches are needed to bridge the divide between these communities and to strengthen the overall evidence base for prevention of wasting. To better understand how these different groups perceive and prioritize actions for wasting prevention, key informant interviews (n …
The hell of good intentions
e d fo r p u blic a tio n
MAD, not Marx: Khrushchev and the nuclear revolution
The revival of nuclear strategy in US policy and scholarship has been strengthened by arguments that the ‘nuclear revolution’ – the assumption that thermonuclear bombs and missiles had made major war too dangerous to wage – does not affect international behaviour as much as nuclear revolution advocates claim. This article shows that the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev indeed regarded nuclear war as too dangerous to wage, a decision which manifest…
Nuclear Statecraft: History and Strategy in America's Atomic Age
Francis Gavin revisits key historical debates about the role nuclear weapons played during the Cold War, with the aim of, as he puts it, ‘making better policy in the nuclear arena today’. It is his
The Nonproliferation Complex
For more than four decades the twin goals of nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament have been an almost unchallenged objective of the “international community.” Like drought prevention, or bans on the use of child soldiers, nonproliferation remains a mostly uncontroversial, largely universalistic initiative to which few object. The proponents of nonproliferation are fond of stressing that the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (N…
Debating American Engagement: The Future of U.S. Grand Strategy
October 01 2013 Debating American Engagement: The Future of U.S. Grand Strategy Campbell Craig, Campbell Craig Campbell Craig is Professor of International Politics at Aberystwyth University, and coauthor, with Fredrik Logevall, of America's Cold War: The Politics of Insecurity. The author is grateful to Jan Ruzicka and Benoît Pelopidas for their many comments and suggestions. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Ben…
The end of the cold war and soviet collapse – the limits of realism and liberalism: A reply to Wohlforth, Deudney and Ikenberry
Testing Organisation Man: The Cuban Missile Crisis and The Limits of Safety
Scott Sagan's analysis of the Cuban missile crisis in The Limits of Safety shows how accidents almost triggered a nuclear exchange during that conflict and how they are likely to cause an actual nuclear war at some point in the future. This article examines how Sagan's crucially important study affects our understanding of the salience of deterrence and non-proliferation in the post-Cold War order and the prospects of nuclear peace. The conclusio…
Rebuttal of John Glenn's ‘The flawed logic of a MAD man’
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Whose Bomb Was It: Whose Bomb Was It
The atomic weapon dropped on Hiroshima, Andrew Rotter says, was the “world's bomb.” What could this mean? Little Boy, he states, “was in a meaningful sense everyone's offspring and certainly thereafter everyone's problem.” The bombardment of Hiroshima, therefore, can be regarded as “an episode in international history, not solely the consequence of wartime hatreds that marked the American-Japanese relationship in 1941–45” (pp. 5–6). Rotter offers…
America’s Cold War: The Politics of Insecurity
In a brilliant new interpretation, Campbell Craig and Fredrik Logevall reexamine the successes and failures of America’s Cold War. This provocative book lays bare the emergence of a political tradition in Washington that feeds on external dangers, real or imagined, a mindset that inflames U.S. foreign policy to this day
American power preponderance and the nuclear revolution
The theory of Power Preponderance put forward by Stephen Brooks and William Wohlforth is poised to replace structural balance-of-power theory as the leading American Realist interpretation of international politics. Power Preponderance argues that would-be rivals to the US are not balancing against it because they are dissuaded from doing so by geopolitical and structural factors, rather than because they love the US or are cowed by it. This arti…
The Resurgent Idea of World Government
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The Illogic of Henry Kissinger's Nuclear Strategy
During the late 1950s and early 1960s Henry Kissinger became one of America's most famous nuclear strategists, developing a reputation as a brilliant "defense intellectual," which he would soon use to launch his public career. Yet critics of his work then and historians of nuclear strategy since have found his scholarship to be derivative, inconsistent, and unengaged with contemporary debates. Why was Kissinger nevertheless viewed by American pol…
The Not-So-Strange Career of Charles Beard
Charles Beard's legacy as a founder of the economic approach to the history of American foreign relations was undermined by his last work, in particular by the two strange books he wrote after World War II about Franklin Roosevelt and the coming of the war. Two historians who disagreed about many things, William Appleman Williams and Richard Hofstadter, appear to have been in agreement about Beard: during the 1930s, they concur, Beard allowed his…
The Nonproliferation Complex
For more than four decades the twin goals of nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament have been an almost unchallenged objective of the “international community.” Like drought prevention, or bans on the use of child soldiers, nonproliferation remains a mostly uncontroversial, largely universalistic initiative to which few object. The proponents of nonproliferation are fond of stressing that the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (N…
The Resurgent Idea of World Government
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
American power preponderance and the nuclear revolution
The theory of Power Preponderance put forward by Stephen Brooks and William Wohlforth is poised to replace structural balance-of-power theory as the leading American Realist interpretation of international politics. Power Preponderance argues that would-be rivals to the US are not balancing against it because they are dissuaded from doing so by geopolitical and structural factors, rather than because they love the US or are cowed by it. This arti…
Debating American Engagement: The Future of U.S. Grand Strategy
October 01 2013 Debating American Engagement: The Future of U.S. Grand Strategy Campbell Craig, Campbell Craig Campbell Craig is Professor of International Politics at Aberystwyth University, and coauthor, with Fredrik Logevall, of America's Cold War: The Politics of Insecurity. The author is grateful to Jan Ruzicka and Benoît Pelopidas for their many comments and suggestions. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Ben…
Attitudes, Beliefs, and Perceptions Associated with Mask Wearing within Four Racial and Ethnic Groups Early in the Covid-19 Pandemic
MAD, not Marx: Khrushchev and the nuclear revolution
The revival of nuclear strategy in US policy and scholarship has been strengthened by arguments that the ‘nuclear revolution’ – the assumption that thermonuclear bombs and missiles had made major war too dangerous to wage – does not affect international behaviour as much as nuclear revolution advocates claim. This article shows that the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev indeed regarded nuclear war as too dangerous to wage, a decision which manifest…
The Kennan Puzzle
A Realist Jeremiad: American Realists and U.S. Foreign Policy
A Boat Against the Current: Kennan's World
The Not-So-Strange Career of Charles Beard
Charles Beard's legacy as a founder of the economic approach to the history of American foreign relations was undermined by his last work, in particular by the two strange books he wrote after World War II about Franklin Roosevelt and the coming of the war. Two historians who disagreed about many things, William Appleman Williams and Richard Hofstadter, appear to have been in agreement about Beard: during the 1930s, they concur, Beard allowed his…
The Illogic of Henry Kissinger's Nuclear Strategy
During the late 1950s and early 1960s Henry Kissinger became one of America's most famous nuclear strategists, developing a reputation as a brilliant "defense intellectual," which he would soon use to launch his public career. Yet critics of his work then and historians of nuclear strategy since have found his scholarship to be derivative, inconsistent, and unengaged with contemporary debates. Why was Kissinger nevertheless viewed by American pol…
The Resurgent Idea of World Government
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
America’s Cold War: The Politics of Insecurity
In a brilliant new interpretation, Campbell Craig and Fredrik Logevall reexamine the successes and failures of America’s Cold War. This provocative book lays bare the emergence of a political tradition in Washington that feeds on external dangers, real or imagined, a mindset that inflames U.S. foreign policy to this day
American power preponderance and the nuclear revolution
The theory of Power Preponderance put forward by Stephen Brooks and William Wohlforth is poised to replace structural balance-of-power theory as the leading American Realist interpretation of international politics. Power Preponderance argues that would-be rivals to the US are not balancing against it because they are dissuaded from doing so by geopolitical and structural factors, rather than because they love the US or are cowed by it. This arti…
Whose Bomb Was It: Whose Bomb Was It
The atomic weapon dropped on Hiroshima, Andrew Rotter says, was the “world's bomb.” What could this mean? Little Boy, he states, “was in a meaningful sense everyone's offspring and certainly thereafter everyone's problem.” The bombardment of Hiroshima, therefore, can be regarded as “an episode in international history, not solely the consequence of wartime hatreds that marked the American-Japanese relationship in 1941–45” (pp. 5–6). Rotter offers…
Rebuttal of John Glenn's ‘The flawed logic of a MAD man’
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The end of the cold war and soviet collapse – the limits of realism and liberalism: A reply to Wohlforth, Deudney and Ikenberry
Testing Organisation Man: The Cuban Missile Crisis and The Limits of Safety
Scott Sagan's analysis of the Cuban missile crisis in The Limits of Safety shows how accidents almost triggered a nuclear exchange during that conflict and how they are likely to cause an actual nuclear war at some point in the future. This article examines how Sagan's crucially important study affects our understanding of the salience of deterrence and non-proliferation in the post-Cold War order and the prospects of nuclear peace. The conclusio…
The Nonproliferation Complex
For more than four decades the twin goals of nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament have been an almost unchallenged objective of the “international community.” Like drought prevention, or bans on the use of child soldiers, nonproliferation remains a mostly uncontroversial, largely universalistic initiative to which few object. The proponents of nonproliferation are fond of stressing that the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (N…
Debating American Engagement: The Future of U.S. Grand Strategy
October 01 2013 Debating American Engagement: The Future of U.S. Grand Strategy Campbell Craig, Campbell Craig Campbell Craig is Professor of International Politics at Aberystwyth University, and coauthor, with Fredrik Logevall, of America's Cold War: The Politics of Insecurity. The author is grateful to Jan Ruzicka and Benoît Pelopidas for their many comments and suggestions. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Ben…
Nuclear Statecraft: History and Strategy in America's Atomic Age
Francis Gavin revisits key historical debates about the role nuclear weapons played during the Cold War, with the aim of, as he puts it, ‘making better policy in the nuclear arena today’. It is his
MAD, not Marx: Khrushchev and the nuclear revolution
The revival of nuclear strategy in US policy and scholarship has been strengthened by arguments that the ‘nuclear revolution’ – the assumption that thermonuclear bombs and missiles had made major war too dangerous to wage – does not affect international behaviour as much as nuclear revolution advocates claim. This article shows that the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev indeed regarded nuclear war as too dangerous to wage, a decision which manifest…
The hell of good intentions
e d fo r p u blic a tio n
How do nutrition professionals working in low‐income countries perceive and prioritize actions to prevent wasting? A mixed‐methods study
Despite a shared commitment to achieving global nutrition targets, development and emergency-humanitarian actors tend to prioritize different nutrition outcomes and actions. New approaches are needed to bridge the divide between these communities and to strengthen the overall evidence base for prevention of wasting. To better understand how these different groups perceive and prioritize actions for wasting prevention, key informant interviews (n …
Assessment of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Conditions in Public Elementary Schools in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala, in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services in schools are essential to reduce infectious disease transmission, including that of COVID-19. This study aimed to establish a baseline of WASH services in six public elementary schools in Guatemala, with a focus on hand hygiene. We used the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) report indicators to assess the WASH infrastructure at each school. We collected water samples from easily accessibl…
Assessing hand hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among Guatemalan primary school students in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic
The results from the KAP survey show high scores, however correct identification of key moments for HH was relatively uncommon, especially after restroom use and after coughing or sneezing. Additionally, half of HH opportunities observed had correct HH practices and on average, hands were dirtiest when arriving at school. These findings will inform interventions to improve HH practices and behaviors, which will be evaluated with follow-up data co…
Did the Bush Administration mean well
This review engages with Melvyn Leffler’s new book on the origins of the (second) Iraq war. It focusses particularly upon his argument that the Bush administration, and especially the president himself, genuinely regarded Iraq as a serious threat and initiated the war in 2003 for understandable reasons of national security. The review acknowledges that Leffler makes a strong case that Bush himself was motivated by such concerns, but goes on to ar…
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Infrastructure and Resources in Schools in Belize during the Covid-19 Pandemic, 2021–2023
Access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) resources in schools is critical for disease prevention and control, especially during public health emergencies. In Belize, systematic, national data on WASH in schools are needed to inform public health decisions and interventions. From December 2021 to January 2022, a national survey was sent electronically to government and government-aided primary and secondary schools in Belize (N = 308) to ga…
Who, exactly, will ban the bomb
Ward Wilson worries, as everyone alive should worry, that the existence of nuclear weaponry, combined with the absence of any authority to prevent its use, portends an eventual nuclear war that could kill off much, or even all, of humanity. Such a war could be deliberately initiated, or it could happen as a result of accident or inadvertence. Wilson argues, and I agree, that this possibility demands urgent political action. His solution, as the t…
Attitudes, Beliefs, and Perceptions Associated with Mask Wearing within Four Racial and Ethnic Groups Early in the Covid-19 Pandemic
Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of hand hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare workers in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala in the Covid-19 context
Healthcare workers and patients are at continual risk for healthcare-associated infections due to poor hand hygiene. Programs that support appropriate hand hygiene practices may mitigate this risk, although implementation is challenged by several barriers, including limited availability of hand hygiene products at the point of care, as described by the world health organization (WHO). In this study, we used mixed methodologies, including in-depth…
Political science (22 works) · Law (14 works) · Sociology (13 works) · International Relations and Foreign Policy (11 works) · Law (11 works) · Political economy (10 works) · Politics (10 works) · History (9 works) · Medicine (8 works) · Nuclear Issues and Defense (8 works)