Marshall M Haith
Biographic Data
| ID | 1464701 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Marshall M Haith |
| GIVEN NAMES | Marshall M |
| FAMILY NAME | Haith |
| SIGNATURE | HAITH M M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Denver |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 52 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1963 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
What is Memory Development the Development of
Developmental Changes in Visual Information Processing and Short-Term Visual Memory
This paper describes the use of an information-processing approach for understanding developmental changes in short-term visual memory. An early study demonstrated a striking deficit in the short-term memory capacity of 5-year-olds as compared to adults. Additional studies examined the possibility that this deficit might be attributable to age changes in visual sensitivity, visual processing time, the ability to take in a large array of items, an…
Progress and Standardization in Eye Movement Work With Human Infants
The Nature of Infants' Visual Expectations for Event Content
Recent studies have revealed that young infants can form expectations for the spatial location of future visual events. Four experiments examined whether 3‐month‐old infants also form expectations for content features of events, defined as an invariant color combination. Infants viewed a spatially alternating (left–right) sequence of varying pictures in which pictures on one side (invariant colors) always appeared with the same color combination …
Spatiotemporal Regularity and Interevent Contingencies as Information for Infants' Visual Expectations
This study examined infants' use of picture‐location contingencies and spatiotemporal regularity in forming visual expectations. Ninety‐six 3‐month‐olds watched an event sequence in which pictures appeared at 3 locations, either in regular left‐center‐right alternation or in a random center‐side pattern. For half of the infants, the content of the central picture was predictive of the location of the upcoming peripheral event. Analyses of anticip…
Infants' Use of Constraints to Speed Information Processing and to Anticipate Events
Two experiments were conducted with 28‐week‐old infants using a modification of the Visual Expectation Paradigm. The first sought to determine whether speed of information processing (SIP) could be assessed in infants using a reaction time (RT) measure and approach that is widely used to measure SIP in adults. Infants saw a center fixation cue followed by a peripheral target that could appear in 1, 2, or 4 locations. There was a linear increase i…
Behavioral and Cortical Measures of Infants' Visual Expectations
Features of the habituation paradigm were combined with the visual expectation paradigm to examine behavioral and cortical indexes of infants' visual expectations. Eight 3‐month‐old infants watched an alternating picture sequence while their eye movements were videotaped and their cortical electrophysiological activity (event‐related potential [ERP]) was recorded. Two ERP epochs were examined: a 3,000‐msec stimulus‐locked epoch included 1,000 mse…
Who put the cog in infant cognition? Is rich interpretation too costly?
Infants' acquisition of spatiotemporal expectations
The microdevelopment of infants' visual expectations was examined by analysis of the eye movements that 80 three-month-old human infants made during interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of an alternating picture sequence. For comparison, identical eye movement data were gathered from 10 infants who watched an irregular sequence. Shifts during ISIs were exhibited by all infants and occurred on 48% of all trials. Initially, infants' ISI shifts repeated s…
Infant expectations and reaction time as predictors of childhood speed of processing and IQ
A longitudinal study investigated the relation between infant expectations and reaction time (RT) and childhood IQ and RT. Measures of visual anticipation and visual RT were taken at 3.5 months and 4 years of age. In addition, manual RT and verbal and performance IQ were measured at 4 years of age. Infant visual RT correlated reliably with childhood visual RT, and infant performance correlated significantly with childhood IQ. Childhood performanc…
Preparing for the 21st Century: Some Goals and Challenges for Studies of Infant Sensory and Perceptual Development
Rapid assessment of infant predictors of adult IQ: Midtwin^midparent analyses
Rapid assessment of infant predictors of adult IQ: Midtwin-midparent analyses
Infant predictors of adult IQ were assessed with same-sex infant twins (114 pairs) and their parents. The midtwin-midparent design permits the rapid assessment of infant measures to predict later behavior, because the midparent score serves as a proxy for the infant's potential score at maturity. At 5, 7, and 9 months, Ss were observed on the Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence, hand preference, vocalizations, selected Bayley Scales of Infant Devel…
Event-specific expectations of 2- and 3-month-old infants
The Visual Expectation Paradigm (Haith, Hazan, & Goodman, 1988) was modibed to assess the role that picture content plays in the spatiotemporal expectations of 2- and 3-month-old infants. Infants watched pictures of 700-ms duration that appeared in left-right alternation with a 1,000-ms interstimulus interval. The same picture occurred repeatedly on one side, in alternation with an unpredictable picture on the other side. Across 3 studies, the un…
Young infants' visual expectations for symmetric and asymmetric stimulus sequences
The formation of expectations for visual stimulus sequences was examined in 2- and 3-month-old infants. Two studies were undertaken in which infants' visual fixations were monitored while they viewed predictable and unpredictable sequences of stimuli. Analyses of anticipatory fixations and reaction times (RTs) indicated that by 2 months of age infants can rapidly (within 2 min) form an expectation for the reappearance of an alternate-side event. …
Stability of visual expectations at 3.0 months of age
Three-month-old infants were observed on 2 days to examine stability in forming visual expectations. Babies saw pictures that appeared in left-righ alternation, 700-ms on with a 1,000-ms ISI. Anticipatory fixations and speeded RTs were the indexes of expectation
Infant predictors of preschool and adult IQ: A study of infant twins and their parents
The aim of this article is twofold. First, the usefulness of the midparent-midtwin design as a proxy for a longitudinal study was assessed. This design should prove effective in determining which of a nmber of infant measures are predictive of later IQ and thus are likely candidates for infant intelligence measures. Second, a true longitudinal study was conducted to examine the predictability of our infants measures in chidhood. Intelligence meas…
Jurors' Reactions to Child Witnesses
Adults often do not know when to believe children. There are few places where this uncertainty is more consequential than in a court of law where jurors may be forced to base their verdict largely on the testimony of children. Legal and cultural stereotypes undermine children's credibility as witnesses by portraying them as basically honest but highly manipulable, unable to differentiate fantasy from reality, and lacking in cognitive sophisticati…
Scanning of compound geometric forms in infant rhesus monkeys
Face scanning and responsiveness to social cues in infant rhesus monkeys
Memory and motives
A possible explanation for the frequent failure to find cardiac orienting in the newborn infant
Infrared television recording and measurement of ocular behavior in the human infant
Note on the ‘Innately Negative Reinforcement Value’ of Stimuli
Infant predictors of preschool and adult IQ: A study of infant twins and their parents
The aim of this article is twofold. First, the usefulness of the midparent-midtwin design as a proxy for a longitudinal study was assessed. This design should prove effective in determining which of a nmber of infant measures are predictive of later IQ and thus are likely candidates for infant intelligence measures. Second, a true longitudinal study was conducted to examine the predictability of our infants measures in chidhood. Intelligence meas…
Young infants' visual expectations for symmetric and asymmetric stimulus sequences
The formation of expectations for visual stimulus sequences was examined in 2- and 3-month-old infants. Two studies were undertaken in which infants' visual fixations were monitored while they viewed predictable and unpredictable sequences of stimuli. Analyses of anticipatory fixations and reaction times (RTs) indicated that by 2 months of age infants can rapidly (within 2 min) form an expectation for the reappearance of an alternate-side event. …
Infant expectations and reaction time as predictors of childhood speed of processing and IQ
A longitudinal study investigated the relation between infant expectations and reaction time (RT) and childhood IQ and RT. Measures of visual anticipation and visual RT were taken at 3.5 months and 4 years of age. In addition, manual RT and verbal and performance IQ were measured at 4 years of age. Infant visual RT correlated reliably with childhood visual RT, and infant performance correlated significantly with childhood IQ. Childhood performanc…
Stability of visual expectations at 3.0 months of age
Three-month-old infants were observed on 2 days to examine stability in forming visual expectations. Babies saw pictures that appeared in left-righ alternation, 700-ms on with a 1,000-ms ISI. Anticipatory fixations and speeded RTs were the indexes of expectation
Rapid assessment of infant predictors of adult IQ: Midtwin-midparent analyses
Infant predictors of adult IQ were assessed with same-sex infant twins (114 pairs) and their parents. The midtwin-midparent design permits the rapid assessment of infant measures to predict later behavior, because the midparent score serves as a proxy for the infant's potential score at maturity. At 5, 7, and 9 months, Ss were observed on the Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence, hand preference, vocalizations, selected Bayley Scales of Infant Devel…
Jurors' Reactions to Child Witnesses
Adults often do not know when to believe children. There are few places where this uncertainty is more consequential than in a court of law where jurors may be forced to base their verdict largely on the testimony of children. Legal and cultural stereotypes undermine children's credibility as witnesses by portraying them as basically honest but highly manipulable, unable to differentiate fantasy from reality, and lacking in cognitive sophisticati…
Event-specific expectations of 2- and 3-month-old infants
The Visual Expectation Paradigm (Haith, Hazan, & Goodman, 1988) was modibed to assess the role that picture content plays in the spatiotemporal expectations of 2- and 3-month-old infants. Infants watched pictures of 700-ms duration that appeared in left-right alternation with a 1,000-ms interstimulus interval. The same picture occurred repeatedly on one side, in alternation with an unpredictable picture on the other side. Across 3 studies, the un…
Infrared television recording and measurement of ocular behavior in the human infant
Infants' acquisition of spatiotemporal expectations
The microdevelopment of infants' visual expectations was examined by analysis of the eye movements that 80 three-month-old human infants made during interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of an alternating picture sequence. For comparison, identical eye movement data were gathered from 10 infants who watched an irregular sequence. Shifts during ISIs were exhibited by all infants and occurred on 48% of all trials. Initially, infants' ISI shifts repeated s…
Scanning of compound geometric forms in infant rhesus monkeys
Face scanning and responsiveness to social cues in infant rhesus monkeys
Note on the ‘Innately Negative Reinforcement Value’ of Stimuli
Infrared television recording and measurement of ocular behavior in the human infant
A possible explanation for the frequent failure to find cardiac orienting in the newborn infant
Memory and motives
Face scanning and responsiveness to social cues in infant rhesus monkeys
Scanning of compound geometric forms in infant rhesus monkeys
Jurors' Reactions to Child Witnesses
Adults often do not know when to believe children. There are few places where this uncertainty is more consequential than in a court of law where jurors may be forced to base their verdict largely on the testimony of children. Legal and cultural stereotypes undermine children's credibility as witnesses by portraying them as basically honest but highly manipulable, unable to differentiate fantasy from reality, and lacking in cognitive sophisticati…
Stability of visual expectations at 3.0 months of age
Three-month-old infants were observed on 2 days to examine stability in forming visual expectations. Babies saw pictures that appeared in left-righ alternation, 700-ms on with a 1,000-ms ISI. Anticipatory fixations and speeded RTs were the indexes of expectation
Infant predictors of preschool and adult IQ: A study of infant twins and their parents
The aim of this article is twofold. First, the usefulness of the midparent-midtwin design as a proxy for a longitudinal study was assessed. This design should prove effective in determining which of a nmber of infant measures are predictive of later IQ and thus are likely candidates for infant intelligence measures. Second, a true longitudinal study was conducted to examine the predictability of our infants measures in chidhood. Intelligence meas…
Young infants' visual expectations for symmetric and asymmetric stimulus sequences
The formation of expectations for visual stimulus sequences was examined in 2- and 3-month-old infants. Two studies were undertaken in which infants' visual fixations were monitored while they viewed predictable and unpredictable sequences of stimuli. Analyses of anticipatory fixations and reaction times (RTs) indicated that by 2 months of age infants can rapidly (within 2 min) form an expectation for the reappearance of an alternate-side event. …
Event-specific expectations of 2- and 3-month-old infants
The Visual Expectation Paradigm (Haith, Hazan, & Goodman, 1988) was modibed to assess the role that picture content plays in the spatiotemporal expectations of 2- and 3-month-old infants. Infants watched pictures of 700-ms duration that appeared in left-right alternation with a 1,000-ms interstimulus interval. The same picture occurred repeatedly on one side, in alternation with an unpredictable picture on the other side. Across 3 studies, the un…
Preparing for the 21st Century: Some Goals and Challenges for Studies of Infant Sensory and Perceptual Development
Rapid assessment of infant predictors of adult IQ: Midtwin^midparent analyses
Rapid assessment of infant predictors of adult IQ: Midtwin-midparent analyses
Infant predictors of adult IQ were assessed with same-sex infant twins (114 pairs) and their parents. The midtwin-midparent design permits the rapid assessment of infant measures to predict later behavior, because the midparent score serves as a proxy for the infant's potential score at maturity. At 5, 7, and 9 months, Ss were observed on the Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence, hand preference, vocalizations, selected Bayley Scales of Infant Devel…
Infant expectations and reaction time as predictors of childhood speed of processing and IQ
A longitudinal study investigated the relation between infant expectations and reaction time (RT) and childhood IQ and RT. Measures of visual anticipation and visual RT were taken at 3.5 months and 4 years of age. In addition, manual RT and verbal and performance IQ were measured at 4 years of age. Infant visual RT correlated reliably with childhood visual RT, and infant performance correlated significantly with childhood IQ. Childhood performanc…
Who put the cog in infant cognition? Is rich interpretation too costly?
Infants' acquisition of spatiotemporal expectations
The microdevelopment of infants' visual expectations was examined by analysis of the eye movements that 80 three-month-old human infants made during interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of an alternating picture sequence. For comparison, identical eye movement data were gathered from 10 infants who watched an irregular sequence. Shifts during ISIs were exhibited by all infants and occurred on 48% of all trials. Initially, infants' ISI shifts repeated s…
Behavioral and Cortical Measures of Infants' Visual Expectations
Features of the habituation paradigm were combined with the visual expectation paradigm to examine behavioral and cortical indexes of infants' visual expectations. Eight 3‐month‐old infants watched an alternating picture sequence while their eye movements were videotaped and their cortical electrophysiological activity (event‐related potential [ERP]) was recorded. Two ERP epochs were examined: a 3,000‐msec stimulus‐locked epoch included 1,000 mse…
Spatiotemporal Regularity and Interevent Contingencies as Information for Infants' Visual Expectations
This study examined infants' use of picture‐location contingencies and spatiotemporal regularity in forming visual expectations. Ninety‐six 3‐month‐olds watched an event sequence in which pictures appeared at 3 locations, either in regular left‐center‐right alternation or in a random center‐side pattern. For half of the infants, the content of the central picture was predictive of the location of the upcoming peripheral event. Analyses of anticip…
Infants' Use of Constraints to Speed Information Processing and to Anticipate Events
Two experiments were conducted with 28‐week‐old infants using a modification of the Visual Expectation Paradigm. The first sought to determine whether speed of information processing (SIP) could be assessed in infants using a reaction time (RT) measure and approach that is widely used to measure SIP in adults. Infants saw a center fixation cue followed by a peripheral target that could appear in 1, 2, or 4 locations. There was a linear increase i…
The Nature of Infants' Visual Expectations for Event Content
Recent studies have revealed that young infants can form expectations for the spatial location of future visual events. Four experiments examined whether 3‐month‐old infants also form expectations for content features of events, defined as an invariant color combination. Infants viewed a spatially alternating (left–right) sequence of varying pictures in which pictures on one side (invariant colors) always appeared with the same color combination …
Progress and Standardization in Eye Movement Work With Human Infants
What is Memory Development the Development of
Developmental Changes in Visual Information Processing and Short-Term Visual Memory
This paper describes the use of an information-processing approach for understanding developmental changes in short-term visual memory. An early study demonstrated a striking deficit in the short-term memory capacity of 5-year-olds as compared to adults. Additional studies examined the possibility that this deficit might be attributable to age changes in visual sensitivity, visual processing time, the ability to take in a large array of items, an…
Psychology (24 works) · Developmental psychology (20 works) · Cognitive psychology (15 works) · Child and Animal Learning Development (12 works) · Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills (9 works) · Neuroscience (9 works) · Cognition (8 works) · Cognitive Abilities and Testing (5 works) · Computer Science (5 works) · Early Childhood Education and Development (5 works)