J Bernard
Biographic Data
| ID | 1471 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J Bernard |
| GIVEN NAMES | J |
| FAMILY NAME | Bernard |
| SIGNATURE | BERNARD J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Pennsylvania State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3905-9160 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 206 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 375 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 206 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1928 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Regional perspective on status attainment in Czechia: A life-course approach
Discontent and Disadvantage in Left‐Behind Places: Regional Effects on EU‐Trust and Status Attainment in Europe
Debates on left‐behind places, rural resentment and spatial disadvantage posit that political discontent stems from perceived inequalities between regions and on the urban/rural interface. The popularity of this argument is fuelled by frequent mapping of electoral results, which very often demonstrates a spatial correspondence between increased Euroscepticism and Populism on the one hand, and rural peripherality, shrinkage, economic and health is…
Spatial Inequalities and Electoral Preferences in Central Europe
This study describes the electoral implications of spatial polarization in Poland, the Czech Republic and eastern Germany. Empirically, it highlights the voting behavior of residents from selected territories as examples of disadvantaged regions in these three countries, and the conditions that shape such behavior. We explore whether these implications can be explained by argument on populist preferences in peripheralized areas. An analysis of th…
How Do Single Mothers Evaluate and Cope with Living in Rural Peripheries? Insights into the Interplay of Social and Spatial Disadvantage
When social and spatial disadvantages meet, are they doubled? Empirical studies have convincingly demonstrated that disadvantages tend to accumulate. Our paper advances this scholarship by focusing on the under-researched issue of social positions, subjective perspectives, and agency among single mothers in rural peripheries characterized by weak labor markets and accessibility issues. Drawing from problem-centered interviews conducted in eastern…
Deidentifying Narrative Assessments to Facilitate Data Sharing in Medical Education
From an alternative to a dominant form of local political actors? Independent candidates in the Czech local elections in 2010–2018
This article aims to contribute to the debate on the rise of independents in local politics and the underlying factors driving this trend in Europe by investigating the situation in Czechia, a post-communist country with a highly fragmented local government system. This study uses statistical analyses of electoral data from the 2010, 2014 and 2018 local elections to test the relevance of supply-side and demand-side explanations of the rise of ind…
Independents in local politics – voter turnout, competitiveness, and party-system effects
Denationalisation and the rise of independent lists are strong trends in the local politics of many European countries, but little is known about their implications. Using the example of Czechia, we examine several effects of this trend, focussing on two questions: 1) What impact does the growing number of independents have on voter turnout? 2) How does this trend affect competitiveness and the party system? Using data on electoral results in Cze…
Rural Idyll Without Rural Sociology? Changing Features, Functions and Research of the Czech Countryside
The development of the Czech countryside differs in many ways from trajectories typical for Eastern and Central European rural areas in the last 25 years. In our article, we discuss the nature of the ‘Czech exceptionalism’, with reference to three examples, namely population development, the dynamics of rural/agricultural labour markets and rural governance. Firstly, we describe the major driving forces behind rural development in Czechia over th…
Authors of Their Own Lives: Intellectual Autobiographies by Twenty American Sociologists
Disadvantaged and Disadvantaging Regions: Opportunity Structures and Social Disadvantage in Rural Peripheries
Regional peripheralisation has been repeatedly described as a process resulting in the combination of regional structural and social disadvantage. In theory, peripheries are characterised by the interdependence of these two types of disadvantage. Few studies have examined this interdependence in rural peripheries across several countries. In this study, we operationalise rural peripherality combining poor opportunity structures that constrain the…
Regional opportunity structures: A research agenda to link spatial and social inequalities in rural areas
This paper introduces and discusses regional opportunity structures as a concept for analysing the interlinkages between structural conditions in space, social inequalities, and people’s agency, with a focus on non-metropolitan areas. The concept adds value in the following ways: (1) it emphasises the regional scale as an important spatial context of access to opportunities; (2) it accounts for the complexity of the regional context, which provid…
Ward Atmosphere and Patient Satisfaction in Psychiatric Hospitals With Different Ward Settings and Door Policies. Results From a Mixed Methods Study
Background: Open-door policies in psychiatry are discussed as a means to improve the treatment of involuntarily committed patients in various aspects. Current research on open-door policies focuses mainly on objective effects, such as the number of coercive interventions or serious incidents. The aim of the present study was to investigate more subjective perceptions of different psychiatric inpatient settings with different door policies by anal…
Families and local opportunities in rural peripheries: Intersections between resources, ambitions and the residential environment
The other disadvantaged neighbourhood: Income related effects of living in rural peripheries
In this article, we argue that similarly to the literature on urban neighbourhood effects, the idea of disadvantaging residential environment can be used to explain the socio-economic disadvantage of residents in rural peripheries. We present arguments as to why it is appropriate to consider the effects of the residential environment in a micro-regional perspective and outside of metropolitan areas. These effects are empirically analysed using in…
Using the Respondent-Driven Sampling Method to Survey Homeless Populations: Basic Principles, Application and Practical Recommendations
Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a survey method used to create samples of populations that are hidden and hard to reach. Even though the method has been used since the 1990s in studies internationally, it has not yet been used in Czech research. The RDS methodology tends to be described presented as a statistical tool that makes it possible to produce unbiased estimates of hidden or hard-to-reach populations, and at the same as a tool with wh…
Where Have All the Rural Poor Gone? Explaining the Rural–Urban Poverty Gap in European Countries
This article contributes to explanations of rural poverty and deprivation by focusing on the rural–urban poverty and deprivation gap in European countries. Using European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions data, it confirms, convincingly, the limited validity of the argument for universally increased poverty and deprivation levels in rural areas in Europe, and demonstrates that the disparities are related to four theoretically elabo…
Poverty and Social Exclusion in Diversified Rural Contexts
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors
Ties, sites and irregularities: Pitfalls and benefits in using respondent-driven sampling for surveying a homeless population
Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a survey method for hidden populations and, as such, it offers a suitable approach for sampling the homeless. Surprisingly, the practical use of RDS in surveying homeless populations has only sporadically been described in the professional literature so far, and the specifics of using RDS for sampling this group have not been reflected in depth. The goal of the article is to investigate how three specific conce…
Inner Peripheries in the Czech Republic: The Multidimensional Nature of Social Exclusion in Rural Areas
The spatial concentration of social disadvantage in rural areas not only poses a risk to social cohesion but also represents a challenge for public policy. This article draws on a multidimensional concept of disadvantage to study spatial aspects of disadvantage in Czech rural areas. Current studies aimed at identifying 'inner peripheries' as areas with an increased risk of social exclusion fail to distinguish between different forms of disadvanta…
Incumbency in Multi-Level Political Systems and Recruitment Advantage: The Case of the Czech Regional Assemblies
The article addresses the differential recruitment advantages of individual candidates in regional assembly elections. The authors argue that in a multi-level polity different types of incumbency exist that are reflected in the recruitment process, favour officeholders over newcomers, and at the same time differentiate the accessibility of regional offices for officeholders at various system levels. Moreover, it is argued that the effect of multi…
Forming Communities or Social Integration? A Personal Network Analysis of Ukrainian Immigrants in Pilsen
The aim of this article is to describe the personal networks of Ukrainian immigrants residing in an urban centre in the Czech Republic and to identify patterns that can help to elucidate some aspects of their integration. Social support networks in this study were created using the multiple name generator method. Here the generator was made up of six questions asking whom respondents might turn to for money, employment, housing, leisure, to discu…
Community Satisfaction in Czech Rural Communities: A Multilevel Model
Community satisfaction is often regarded as an indicator of the quality of living in a local community. The author examines factors influencing community satisfaction in small rural communities of the Czech Republic. The contextual nature of this concept is taken into account. Previous analyses of factors influencing the inhabitants' satisfaction firmly emphasised subjective evaluations of various community characteristics. Objective contextual a…
The Spatial Context of Voter Behaviour: How Do Local and Regional Factors Impact Voter Decisions
Among the many factors that influence the voting behaviour of individual voters, various spatial characteristics have repeatedly been cited as important factors. The diverse impacts of spatial characteristics are collectively referred to as contextual effects. Contextual effects impact voters in different ways: through differences in the local geographical and socio-economic conditions, the varying influence of local communication interactions, o…
The Socio-cultural Integration of Immigrants: In Between Temporary Migration and Permanent Settlement
The article examines the integration process of Ukrainians and Vietnamese in the Czech Republic. The authors focus on socio-cultural integration, the pre- and post-migration factors integration depends on, and the differences in the integration process of the two communities. Using survey data they show that the integration process of each group follows a different trajectory and depends on different factors. Ukrainians tend to be more integrated…
The Innovative Regions in the Czech Republic and their Position in the International Labour Market of Highly Skilled Workers
Bernard J., Kostelecký T. and Patočková V. The innovative regions in the Czech Republic and their position in the international labour market of highly skilled workers, Regional Studies. This paper analyses the possibilities and potential barriers of development of an Island of Innovation in the most innovative regions in a post-Communist country – the Czech Republic. The relation between the labour market of these regions and the Islands of Inno…
Size and Local Democracy: The Case of Czech Municipal Representatives
The municipal structure of the Czech Republic experienced a wave of fragmentation after the fall of the communist regime. As a result, most Czech municipalities today have populations of only a few hundred inhabitants. This situation creates specific conditions for the democratic functioning of local representative bodies. In this paper we focus on two features of Czech local government. First, we deal with electoral competitiveness in Czech muni…
My Four Revolutions: An Autobiographical History of the ASA
There have been at least four revolutions in the American Sociological Association that I know of. In the 1920s empirical research papers were introduced in the annual programs; in the 1930s the Society declared its independence of the University of Chicago; in the 1950s, the Society for the Study of Social Problems was organized. Now in the 1970s we are having a feminist revolution. Among the contributions that this fourth revolution can make to…
Regional opportunity structures: A research agenda to link spatial and social inequalities in rural areas
This paper introduces and discusses regional opportunity structures as a concept for analysing the interlinkages between structural conditions in space, social inequalities, and people’s agency, with a focus on non-metropolitan areas. The concept adds value in the following ways: (1) it emphasises the regional scale as an important spatial context of access to opportunities; (2) it accounts for the complexity of the regional context, which provid…
Origins of American Sociology; The Social Science Movement in the United States
Race and Racism, A Comparative Perspective
This article serves as the introduction to the second edition of the book "Race and Racism: A Comparative Perspective." It reflects on the changes and continuities in the study of race and racism since the book's first publication. While acknowledging some progress, the authors highlight the persistence of racial inequality and discrimination. They emphasize the need for continued comparative analysis to understand the complex and evolving nature…
Note on Educational Homogamy in Negro-White and White-Negro Marriages, 1960
Interracial marriages as of 1960 were educationally about as homogamous as intra-racial marriages; most partners in both types of marriage were in the same educational brackets as their spouses. IWhen intermarriages were not homogamous, there was more tendency for the Negro spouses to marry up than to marry down, a tendency much more pronounced in the case of Negro women than of Negro men. Wlhite men in interracial marriages tended to marry down …
Some Current Conceptualizations in the Field of Conflict
There has been a remarkable revival of interest in the field of conflict in the last decade, due in part to the work of Von Neumann and Morgenstern on the theory of games and the use of this work by the Department of Defense. Much of this work has a psychological orientation. There are differences in emphasis between the relationalistic (strategic) and the non-rationalistic approaches. Schelling has transformed classic game theory into a theory o…
Women in the Modern World: Their Education and Their Dilemmas
In Women in the Modern World, noted feminist and sociologist Mirra Komarovsky begins with a consideration of biology. Reflecting on these now-familiar arguments that the natural biological differences between women and men dictate different social roles, Komarovsky demolishes these arguments by carefully reviewing studies that find sex differences in cognitive abilities, achievement, and psychological predispositions
The Theory of Games of Strategy as a Modern Sociology of Conflict
A statement about, not of, the theory of games of strategy as a basis for a modern sociology of conflict is presented in terms of six key concepts: rational behavior, strategy, the payoff matrix or function, the "rules of the game," coalitions, alliances, and imputations, and, finally, the concept of a solution. The operation of the theory is probably not independent of material culture. Illustrative examples, of pure strategy, of mixed strategy,…
Inner Peripheries in the Czech Republic: The Multidimensional Nature of Social Exclusion in Rural Areas
The spatial concentration of social disadvantage in rural areas not only poses a risk to social cohesion but also represents a challenge for public policy. This article draws on a multidimensional concept of disadvantage to study spatial aspects of disadvantage in Czech rural areas. Current studies aimed at identifying 'inner peripheries' as areas with an increased risk of social exclusion fail to distinguish between different forms of disadvanta…
Escape from the Doll's House: Women in Graduate and Professional School Education
The Sociologists of the Chair: A Radical Analysis of the Formative Years of North American Sociology (1883-1922)
The Nature of Conflict
Where Is the Modern Sociology of Conflict
In the last two or three decades interactional sociology has suffered relative to cultural sociology in the United States. The sciological theory of conflict, for example, remains essentially where Simmel left it; Communists, on the other hand, have assiduously cultivated this field. The comparative neglect of the sociology of conflict may ve for the following reasons: cultural expalnations of sociological phenomena are easier on our own personal…
Societal Values and Parenting
Marital Stability and Patterns of Status Variables
The 1960 census supplies data which make possible a comparison of white and nonwhite marriages holding three status variables-income, schooling, and occupation-constant. Such a comparison for men in the 45-to-54 age bracket with respect to marital stability, defined as first marriages in which the wife was present, shows that the same kinds of forces are operating on both white and nonwhite men. For both white and nonwhite men, the proportion in …
Political Leadership Among North American Indians
Political leadership among North American Indians was largely based on psychological rather than on institutional or formal mechanisms. The greatest leaders arose in the struggle with the whites for the continent. Their motives were both economic and personal. The most important personality traits of the great leaders were: striking appearance, intellectual ability, positive emotional traits such as kindness, affability, etc., dignity, moral cour…
Where Have All the Rural Poor Gone? Explaining the Rural–Urban Poverty Gap in European Countries
This article contributes to explanations of rural poverty and deprivation by focusing on the rural–urban poverty and deprivation gap in European countries. Using European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions data, it confirms, convincingly, the limited validity of the argument for universally increased poverty and deprivation levels in rural areas in Europe, and demonstrates that the disparities are related to four theoretically elabo…
The Endogenous Developmental Potential of Small Rural Municipalities - The Difficulties of Searching for and Measuring Impact
This article contributes to the discussion of the possibilities and limits of endogenous developmental potential in small rural communities in the Czech Republic. The article summarises some of the theoretical assumptions of developmental analyses of small rural communities, its development factors, and the current focus of contemporary Czech research. For many rural inhabitants their local community is the main space of everyday activity, and th…
The Women's Movement: Political, Socioeconomic, and Psychological Issues, by Barbara Sinclair Deckard
Seventy Years of It
From an alternative to a dominant form of local political actors? Independent candidates in the Czech local elections in 2010–2018
This article aims to contribute to the debate on the rise of independents in local politics and the underlying factors driving this trend in Europe by investigating the situation in Czechia, a post-communist country with a highly fragmented local government system. This study uses statistical analyses of electoral data from the 2010, 2014 and 2018 local elections to test the relevance of supply-side and demand-side explanations of the rise of ind…
The Socio-cultural Integration of Immigrants: In Between Temporary Migration and Permanent Settlement
The article examines the integration process of Ukrainians and Vietnamese in the Czech Republic. The authors focus on socio-cultural integration, the pre- and post-migration factors integration depends on, and the differences in the integration process of the two communities. Using survey data they show that the integration process of each group follows a different trajectory and depends on different factors. Ukrainians tend to be more integrated…
The Personal Characteristics of Candidates in Municipal Elections and Their Effect on Election Results
The article discusses the role of the personal characteristics of candidates in municipal elections as important factors infl uencing the candidates' election success. Voters lacking suffi cient or relevant information about the candidates and their political preferences can use knowledge of the candidates' personal characteristics as specifi c cues or shortcuts in their choice. On the other hand, the candidates' personal characteristics are the …
Sexism: The Male Monopoly on History and Thought, by Marielouise Janssen-Jurreit and Verne Moberg
Journal Article Sexism: The Male Monopoly on History and Thought, by Marielouise Janssen-Jurreit and Verne Moberg Get access Sexism: The Male Monopoly on History and Thought by Janssen-Jurreit Marielouise, translated by Verne Moberg. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1982. 376 pp. $12.95. Jessie Bernard Jessie Bernard Washington, D.C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 9…
Political Leadership Among North American Indians
Political leadership among North American Indians was largely based on psychological rather than on institutional or formal mechanisms. The greatest leaders arose in the struggle with the whites for the continent. Their motives were both economic and personal. The most important personality traits of the great leaders were: striking appearance, intellectual ability, positive emotional traits such as kindness, affability, etc., dignity, moral cour…
Behavior, Individual and Social
Journal Article Behavior, Individual and Social Get access L. L. Bernard, L. L. Bernard Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. S. Bernard J. S. Bernard Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 9, Issue 1, October 1930, Pages 125–131, https://doi.org/10.2307/2570099 Published: 01 October 1930
A Century of Progress in the Social Sciences
Journal Article A Century of Progress in the Social Sciences Get access L. L. Bernard, L. L. Bernard Washington University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. S. Bernard J. S. Bernard Washington University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 11, Issue 4, May 1933, Pages 488–505, https://doi.org/10.2307/2570271 Published: 01 May 1933
The European Viewpoint in Sociology
The European Viewpoint in Sociology L. L. Bernard, L. L. Bernard Washington University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. S. Bernard J. S. Bernard Washington University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 12, Issue 2, December 1933, Pages 288–289, https://doi.org/10.2307/2569753 Published: 01 December 1933
The Distribution of Success in Marriage
A study was made of 252 married individuals representing 146 marriages. Of these, 31 were clinical cases. The sample was younger and more highly educated thant the general population, with smaller families and better economic status than average. The distribution of marital satisfaction showed a very marked negative skew. Three important points in the curve were the average, the indifference point (score of 50), and the success-failure point (66 …
Factors in the Distribution of Success in Marriage
The present article attempts to explain the marked negative skewness found in the distribution of success in marriage of a sample of 252 individuals, as reported in an earlier article. Age, income, education, and absence of children must be discarded as explanatory factors of success in marriage in the present sample. A negatively skewed curve is probably normal for distribution of marital satisfaction, but this skewness is exaggerated in the pre…
Seventy Years of It
Leaders of Social Thought
Journal Article Leaders of Social Thought Get access L. L., L. L. Washington University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. S. Bernard J. S. Bernard Washington University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 15, Issue 3, March 1937, Pages 428–434, https://doi.org/10.2307/2570612 Published: 01 March 1937
The Neighborhood Behavior of School Children in Relation to Age and Socioeconomic Status
introduction. In an earlier study,1 in which the neighboring behavior, or interpersonal relations on a neighborhood basis, of married women in an industrialized urban community were analyzed, it was found that the presence of children was in some way associated with the practice of neighborhood folkways among adult women.2 Children themselves have been called the universal neighbors. Margaret Mead reports that in Samoa children are allowed to nei…
The Differential Influence of the Business Cycle on the Number of Marriages in Several Age Groupings
Journal Article The Differential Influence of the Business Cycle on the Number of Marriages in Several Age Groupings Get access Jessie Bernard Jessie Bernard Lindenwood College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 18, Issue 4, May 1940, Pages 539–549, https://doi.org/10.2307/2570632 Published: 01 May 1940
Normative Collective Behavior: A Classification of Societal Norms
To the four factors offered by F. H. Allport as explaining the shape of conformity curves, the present article adds a fifth, namely, the nature of the norm regulating the conformity behavior. Some norms are stated in such a way that overconformity is impossible; other norms, however, are stated in such a way that overconformity is possible. The J-curve is characteristic in situations where overconformity is impossible and where the norms is not t…
American Family Behavior
American Family Behavior
Marriage for Moderns
The Family and Democratic Society.Joseph Kirk Folsom , Marion Bassett
What the American Family Faces. Leland Foster Wood , John W. Mullen , E. R. Groves
Origins of American Sociology; The Social Science Movement in the United States
Adult Education for Democracy in Family Life
Experimental Sociology: A Study in Method.Ernest Greenwood
Observation and Generalization in Cultural Anthropology
Because workers in all the social sciences depend on the observations of the field anthropologist for data about cultures other than their own, these observations must be as objective as possible and should not be clouded by generalizations and interpretations which cannot be checked by others. In Margaret Mead's Sex and Temperament the data do not always support her interpretations and sometimes might legitimately be used to support generalizati…
George Tucker: Liberal Southern Social Scientist
Journal Article George Tucker: Liberal Southern Social Scientist Get access Jessie Bernard Jessie Bernard Lindenwood College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 25, Issue 2, December 1946, Pages 131–145, https://doi.org/10.2307/2571550 Published: 01 December 1946
Teaching and Research in the Social Sciences George Tucker: Liberal Southern Social Scientist
Journal Article Teaching and Research in the Social Sciences George Tucker: Liberal Southern Social Scientist Get access Jessie Bernard Jessie Bernard Lindenwood College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 25, Issue 4, May 1947, Pages 406–416, https://doi.org/10.2307/2571923 Published: 01 May 1947
Social Salvation Through Science
Research Article| January 01 1947 Social Salvation Through Science Jessie Bernard Jessie Bernard Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google South Atlantic Quarterly (1947) 46 (1): 44–55. https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-46-1-44 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Jessie Bernard; Social Salvation Through Science. South Atlantic Quarterly 1 January 1947; 46 (1): 44–55. do…
The Art of Science: A Reply to Redfield
Redfield's prescription of more humanistic studies for social-science students to counteract too great concentration on technique may not be successful, since the demand for and prestige of technique are so great in our culture. What Redfield says of the art of social science is equally true of the art of any science. Sciences are social inventions; they grow up in a very unscientific way. The choice of problems which determines the course that a…
A Note on Sociological Research as a Factor in Social Change: The Reception of the Kinsey Report
Journal Article A Note on Sociological Research as a Factor in Social Change: The Reception of the Kinsey Report Get access Jessi Bernard Jessi Bernard Pennsylvania State College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 28, Issue 2, December 1949, Pages 188–190, https://doi.org/10.2307/2572645 Published: 01 December 1949
Sociology (143 works) · Psychology (99 works) · Political science (97 works) · Computer Science (45 works) · Social Psychology (41 works) · Economics (39 works) · Law (37 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (34 works) · Social Psychology (28 works) · Law (26 works)