Kristian Stokke
Biographic Data
| ID | 1474649 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Kristian Stokke |
| GIVEN NAMES | Kristian |
| FAMILY NAME | Stokke |
| SIGNATURE | STOKKE K |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Oslo |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3683-6892 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 40 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 406 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 35 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 5 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Resisting autocratization? Civil society’s response to the autocratic turn in Tunisia
The contemporary rise of autocratization calls for increased attention to the role of civil society in resisting authoritarianism. While the literature on autocratization is growing, there are fewer analyses of the dynamics of civil society resistance. The purpose of the article is to address this knowledge gap through a contextual case study of civil society responses to autocratization in Tunisia. Through a relational analysis of autocratizatio…
Revolutionary resistance against full autocratization. Actors and strategies of resistance after the 2021 military coup in Myanmar
Resistance against autocratization is an important contemporary issue that calls for increased scholarly attention. The global wave of autocratization has generated a proliferation of research on the drivers of autocratization, but fewer studies on the possibilities, strategies, spatialities, and effectiveness of resistance. This article responds to these knowledge needs through a case study of revolutionary resistance against full autocratizatio…
The Politics of Citizenship in Indonesia
Illiberal peacebuilding in a hybrid regime. Authoritarian strategies for conflict containment in Myanmar
Political Representation by Ethnic Parties? Electoral Performance and Party-Building Processes among Ethnic Parties in Myanmar
What is the role of political representation by ethnic parties in a multi-ethnic state that has undergone a transition from military rule, and is seeking to resolve protracted intrastate conflicts? The present article examines this question through a contextual case study of ethnic parties in Myanmar – a state that is characterised by unresolved ethnic grievances and conflicts; a political transition that has created new opportunities for ethnic …
Transition to Democracy or Hybrid Regime? The Dynamics and Outcomes of Democratization in Myanmar
Democratization in the Global South
Democracy has attained a hegemonic position both as a normative ideal and as the dominant form of government, but there are growing concerns about democratic decline and crisis. The numerical growth of democracies has slowed down, and there have been some reversals from democratic to authoritarian rule in recent years. Nevertheless, the primary concern is about the substance of formal democracies, especially as recent democratic transitions have …
Nation‐State
The concept of nation‐state highlights the state as a community, that is, the state as a focal point for national identity, and the nation as a source of legitimacy for the state. Nation‐states are central to geographic scholarship and especially studies of nationalism, nation‐state formation, and citizenship. Contemporary state–community relations in nation‐states are characterized by an increasingly complex geography of citizenship, as global c…
Samfunnsgeografi
Samfunnsgeografi er studiet av samfunnets romlighet. Som student i samfunnsgeografi utvikler du din geografiske forestillingsevne og blir i stand til å forstå betydningen av det geografiske i samfunnet rundt deg. Denne boka gir deg en innføring i fagets historie og kjernebegreper – som rom, sted, skala, territorium og nettverk – samt en gjennomgang av viktige underdisipliner og forskningstemaer som preger faget i dag. Kapitlene er skrevet på nors…
Political Parties and Popular Representation in Myanmar's Democratisation Process
The article examines the role of political parties in Myanmar's democratisation process. We argue that the substance of democratisation depends on popular representation through political parties but question their capacity to provide such representation. Examining capacity through the concept of party institutionalisation, we find that most parties have not been able to build effective organisational structures. However, we also find a degree of…
Progress in Human Geography Essay Prize
Changing climate discourse and politics in India. Climate change as challenge and opportunity for diplomacy and development
Democratization in the Global South
Given the weaknesses of mainstream democratisation since the 1980s, the authors present a cutting edge examination of dynamics of political change in the direction of more substantive democracy. While
Progress in Human Geography Essay Prize
The Impact of Women's Mobilisation
This article analyses how civil society organisations (CSOs) influenced the implementation of the National Land Titling Project (PETT) in Peru. Land titling projects such as PETT raise a number of questions about the social implications of formalisation. Women often are disadvantaged when it comes to land titling, due to several factors such as lack of legal documentation, illiteracy and the predominant gender division of labour. However, evaluat…
Peace-building as Small State Foreign Policy
This article examines the emergence and transformation of Norway’s peace engagement in the context of changing international relations. Focusing on foreign policy discourses and practices, the article portrays peace engagement as a value-based effort to support resolution of distant intrastate conflicts, and a strategy to promote Norway’s interests and influence in international relations. The article also argues that changing international polit…
Interventions in Nordic political geographies
United Against HIV/Aids? Politics Of Local Governance In HIV/Aids Treatment In Lusikisiki, South Africa
South Africa is currently moving from a polarised politicisation of the right to treatment, towards contentions over the implementation of treatment programmes for people living with HIV/AIDS. This article examines the politics of local governance in the Lusikisiki HIV/AIDS programme in the Eastern Cape Province. This is a case where the principal state and civil society actors, the Department of Health (DoH) and the Treatment Action Campaign (TA…
Rethinking Popular Representation
This book starts out from the deep concern with contemporary tendencies towards depoliticisation of public issues and popular interests and makes a case for rethinking more democratic popular represen
Human geography and the contextual politics of substantive democratization
Email: [email protected] IntroductionWhereas human geography is rich in theor-etical and empirical work on economic global-ization and associated neoliberal ideology and governance, there is a striking absence of research on the parallel global spread and hegemony of liberal democracy during the last three decades. This ‘ghostly presence of democracy in geography’ was pointed out by Barnett and Low (2004: 1) five years ago. Despite the…
Contributing to Development? Transnational Activities among Tamils in Norway
The theme of this article is the transnational activities of members of the Tamil diaspora in Norway and their significance to development in the Northeast region of Sri Lanka. Our analysis acknowledges the complexity of Tamil transnational activities, particularly in regard to issues which may be seen as political. A key observation among the majority of the Tamil diaspora concerns their pragmatic and seemingly apolitical approach to development…
Crafting Liberal Peace? International Peace Promotion and the Contextual Politics of Peace in Sri Lanka
Contemporary armed conflicts are typically intrastate conflicts in the Global South. These are often represented as global security threats, providing a justification for practical geopolitics of promoting liberal peace through elitist peace negotiations and instrumental use of humanitarian and development aid. In this context, the contemporary hegemonic discourse on peace emphasizes the synergies among liberal peace, liberal democracy, and neoli…
The Politics of Localization
About the book: 'This unique book is a true encyclopedia of political geography. It gives a comprehensive outlook of its origin, objectives, history, and content. The Handbook focuses on three cornerstone themes – the state, power, gender and positionality, and offers an excellent panorama of contemporary political geography in relation with other branches of human geography and social science as a whole. The volume is a result of cooperation bet…
War by other means
Muttukrishna Sarvananthan's rejoinder in this issue to my earlier article on the state-building strategies of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (ltte) (Third World Quarterly, 27 (6), 2006) rende
Maximum Working Class Unity? Challenges to Local Social Movement Unionism in Cape Town
Joint political mobilisation between trade unions and community groups, often referred to as ‘social movement unionism’, has been upheld as a way forward for organised labour in a neoliberal world economy. Analysing the interaction between unions and communities is critical for understanding the potential and actual roles played by trade unions in voicing the concerns of marginalized workers and poor communities. This article examines the efforts…
Participatory development and empowerment
Recent discussions in development have moved away from holistic theorisation towards more localised, empirical and inductive approaches. In development practice there has been a parallel move towards local 'participation' and 'empowerment', which has produced, albeit with very different agendas, a high level of agreement between actors and institutions of the 'new' Left and the 'new' Right. This paper examines the manifestations of this move in f…
Building the Tamil Eelam State
Sri Lanka's civil war has created a political – territorial division between the government of Sri Lanka and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (ltte), where ltte is engaged in a process of state building within the areas they control. The article examines this state formation with an emphasis on the functions and forms of governance that are embedded in the new state institutions. It is observed that the emerging state formation has a strong f…
Sinhalese and Tamil nationalism as post-colonial political projects from 'above', 1948-1983
Changing climate discourse and politics in India. Climate change as challenge and opportunity for diplomacy and development
Transition to Democracy or Hybrid Regime? The Dynamics and Outcomes of Democratization in Myanmar
Maximum Working Class Unity? Challenges to Local Social Movement Unionism in Cape Town
Joint political mobilisation between trade unions and community groups, often referred to as ‘social movement unionism’, has been upheld as a way forward for organised labour in a neoliberal world economy. Analysing the interaction between unions and communities is critical for understanding the potential and actual roles played by trade unions in voicing the concerns of marginalized workers and poor communities. This article examines the efforts…
Political Parties and Popular Representation in Myanmar's Democratisation Process
The article examines the role of political parties in Myanmar's democratisation process. We argue that the substance of democratisation depends on popular representation through political parties but question their capacity to provide such representation. Examining capacity through the concept of party institutionalisation, we find that most parties have not been able to build effective organisational structures. However, we also find a degree of…
UTshani BuyaKhuluma––The Grass Speaks
The Convergence around Local Civil Society and the Dangers of Localism
Development studies and practice have recently undergone a transition that has yielded an unprecedented emphasis on local civil society (Mohan & Stokke, 2000). There is now a high level of agreement regarding the importance of popular participation for social change and empowerment. Behind the apparent consensus on the importance of local civil society in development, there are quite divergent views on the characteristics and functions of civil s…
Illiberal peacebuilding in a hybrid regime. Authoritarian strategies for conflict containment in Myanmar
The Struggle for Tamil Eelam in Sri Lanka
Regionalism has commonly been expected to dissolve as a consequence of the administrative regional penetration of the centralized modern state and the homogenizing forces associated with modernization. This mode of reasoning has reappeared recently among authors who see globalization as a universal force that will eradicate regional economic inequalities, local identities and regional political mobilization. Contrary to these expectations, region…
Contributing to Development? Transnational Activities among Tamils in Norway
The theme of this article is the transnational activities of members of the Tamil diaspora in Norway and their significance to development in the Northeast region of Sri Lanka. Our analysis acknowledges the complexity of Tamil transnational activities, particularly in regard to issues which may be seen as political. A key observation among the majority of the Tamil diaspora concerns their pragmatic and seemingly apolitical approach to development…
Political Representation by Ethnic Parties? Electoral Performance and Party-Building Processes among Ethnic Parties in Myanmar
What is the role of political representation by ethnic parties in a multi-ethnic state that has undergone a transition from military rule, and is seeking to resolve protracted intrastate conflicts? The present article examines this question through a contextual case study of ethnic parties in Myanmar – a state that is characterised by unresolved ethnic grievances and conflicts; a political transition that has created new opportunities for ethnic …
Peace-building as Small State Foreign Policy
This article examines the emergence and transformation of Norway’s peace engagement in the context of changing international relations. Focusing on foreign policy discourses and practices, the article portrays peace engagement as a value-based effort to support resolution of distant intrastate conflicts, and a strategy to promote Norway’s interests and influence in international relations. The article also argues that changing international polit…
Crafting Liberal Peace? International Peace Promotion and the Contextual Politics of Peace in Sri Lanka
Contemporary armed conflicts are typically intrastate conflicts in the Global South. These are often represented as global security threats, providing a justification for practical geopolitics of promoting liberal peace through elitist peace negotiations and instrumental use of humanitarian and development aid. In this context, the contemporary hegemonic discourse on peace emphasizes the synergies among liberal peace, liberal democracy, and neoli…
War by other means
Muttukrishna Sarvananthan's rejoinder in this issue to my earlier article on the state-building strategies of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (ltte) (Third World Quarterly, 27 (6), 2006) rende
Fisheries under fire
Sri Lanka's armed conflict highlights the relations between war/peace and development, both in terms of impacts of war on livelihoods and in terms of reconstruction and development as means for peace-building. It should be recognised that the grievances behind a conflict may not be identical with post-conflict needs. Such transformation of development needs is demonstrated by the case of Jaffna fisheries. Whereas the fishery sector was peripheral…
Rehoboth Baster, Namibian or Namibian Baster? An analysis of national discourses in Rehoboth, Namibia
The point of departure of this article is a conception of nations as discursive constructions of ‘us’/‘here’ in relation to ‘them’/‘there’. The empirical analysis examines three national discourses in Rehoboth, Namibia: (1) a discourse on the ethnic Baster nation; (2) a discourse on the Namibian nation‐state and (3) a discourse on the nation‐state containing a variety of ethnic nations (‘the rainbow nation’). The first discourse is characterised …
Interventions in Nordic political geographies
The Impact of Women's Mobilisation
This article analyses how civil society organisations (CSOs) influenced the implementation of the National Land Titling Project (PETT) in Peru. Land titling projects such as PETT raise a number of questions about the social implications of formalisation. Women often are disadvantaged when it comes to land titling, due to several factors such as lack of legal documentation, illiteracy and the predominant gender division of labour. However, evaluat…
Human geography and the contextual politics of substantive democratization
Email: [email protected] IntroductionWhereas human geography is rich in theor-etical and empirical work on economic global-ization and associated neoliberal ideology and governance, there is a striking absence of research on the parallel global spread and hegemony of liberal democracy during the last three decades. This ‘ghostly presence of democracy in geography’ was pointed out by Barnett and Low (2004: 1) five years ago. Despite the…
Revolutionary resistance against full autocratization. Actors and strategies of resistance after the 2021 military coup in Myanmar
Resistance against autocratization is an important contemporary issue that calls for increased scholarly attention. The global wave of autocratization has generated a proliferation of research on the drivers of autocratization, but fewer studies on the possibilities, strategies, spatialities, and effectiveness of resistance. This article responds to these knowledge needs through a case study of revolutionary resistance against full autocratizatio…
Democratization in the Global South
Democracy has attained a hegemonic position both as a normative ideal and as the dominant form of government, but there are growing concerns about democratic decline and crisis. The numerical growth of democracies has slowed down, and there have been some reversals from democratic to authoritarian rule in recent years. Nevertheless, the primary concern is about the substance of formal democracies, especially as recent democratic transitions have …
United Against HIV/Aids? Politics Of Local Governance In HIV/Aids Treatment In Lusikisiki, South Africa
South Africa is currently moving from a polarised politicisation of the right to treatment, towards contentions over the implementation of treatment programmes for people living with HIV/AIDS. This article examines the politics of local governance in the Lusikisiki HIV/AIDS programme in the Eastern Cape Province. This is a case where the principal state and civil society actors, the Department of Health (DoH) and the Treatment Action Campaign (TA…
Flexible Specialization. The Dynamics of Small-Scale Industries in the South
Growth Linkages, the Nonfarm Sector, and Rural Inequality
There is a growing interest today in the topic of nonfarm activities such as small industries and construction located in rural areas of the Third World. These activities are viewed as a means for
Dynamic Growth or Pauperization? Small-Scale Industries in Hambantota District, Sri Lanka
Hegemonic theories of Third World regional development maintain that growth in rural small-scale industries can originate in growth linkages from modernized agriculture or in entrepreneurship devel
Flexible Specialization. The Dynamics of Small-Scale Industries in the South
Authoritarianism in the Age of Market Liberalism in Sri Lanka
The agenda for “good governance” postulates that it constitutes both a precondition for and an outcome of economic development. In direct opposition, neo‐Marxist analyses assert a causal link between economic liberalization and bureaucratic‐authoritarian regimes. This article argues that the relationship between governance and economic development cannot be resolved in such abstract and ahistorical terms but must be approached through concrete an…
Sinhalese and Tamil nationalism as post-colonial political projects from 'above', 1948-1983
Participatory development and empowerment
Recent discussions in development have moved away from holistic theorisation towards more localised, empirical and inductive approaches. In development practice there has been a parallel move towards local 'participation' and 'empowerment', which has produced, albeit with very different agendas, a high level of agreement between actors and institutions of the 'new' Left and the 'new' Right. This paper examines the manifestations of this move in f…
The Struggle for Tamil Eelam in Sri Lanka
Regionalism has commonly been expected to dissolve as a consequence of the administrative regional penetration of the centralized modern state and the homogenizing forces associated with modernization. This mode of reasoning has reappeared recently among authors who see globalization as a universal force that will eradicate regional economic inequalities, local identities and regional political mobilization. Contrary to these expectations, region…
Industrial district or subordinated production
This article aims at gaining greater insight into the functioning of small‐scale industries in an African context. The findings are based on predominately qualitative fieldwork conducted on small‐scale carpentry industries in Accra, Ghana. A special concern is whether the small‐scale carpenters are capable of acquiring the technological capabilities conducive to a positive industrial development. Two opposing frameworks, one neo‐Marxist and one c…
The Convergence around Local Civil Society and the Dangers of Localism
Development studies and practice have recently undergone a transition that has yielded an unprecedented emphasis on local civil society (Mohan & Stokke, 2000). There is now a high level of agreement regarding the importance of popular participation for social change and empowerment. Behind the apparent consensus on the importance of local civil society in development, there are quite divergent views on the characteristics and functions of civil s…
UTshani BuyaKhuluma––The Grass Speaks
Rehoboth Baster, Namibian or Namibian Baster? An analysis of national discourses in Rehoboth, Namibia
The point of departure of this article is a conception of nations as discursive constructions of ‘us’/‘here’ in relation to ‘them’/‘there’. The empirical analysis examines three national discourses in Rehoboth, Namibia: (1) a discourse on the ethnic Baster nation; (2) a discourse on the Namibian nation‐state and (3) a discourse on the nation‐state containing a variety of ethnic nations (‘the rainbow nation’). The first discourse is characterised …
Politicising democracy
Introduction: The New Local Politics of Democratisation J.Harriss, K.Stokke & O.Tornquist Decentralisation in Indonesia: Less State, More Democracy? H.S.Nordholt Bossism and Democracy in the Philippines, Thailand, and Indonesia: Towards an Alternative Framework for the Study of 'Local Strongmen' J.T.Sidel Can Public Deliberation Democratise State Action? Municipal Health Councils and Local Democracy in Brazil G.Schonleitner Historical Hurdles in …
Politicising Democracy
There is a major contradiction in contemporary politics: there has been a wave of democratization that has swept across much of the world, while at the same time globalization appears to have reduced
Maximum Working Class Unity? Challenges to Local Social Movement Unionism in Cape Town
Joint political mobilisation between trade unions and community groups, often referred to as ‘social movement unionism’, has been upheld as a way forward for organised labour in a neoliberal world economy. Analysing the interaction between unions and communities is critical for understanding the potential and actual roles played by trade unions in voicing the concerns of marginalized workers and poor communities. This article examines the efforts…
Fisheries under fire
Sri Lanka's armed conflict highlights the relations between war/peace and development, both in terms of impacts of war on livelihoods and in terms of reconstruction and development as means for peace-building. It should be recognised that the grievances behind a conflict may not be identical with post-conflict needs. Such transformation of development needs is demonstrated by the case of Jaffna fisheries. Whereas the fishery sector was peripheral…
Building the Tamil Eelam State
Sri Lanka's civil war has created a political – territorial division between the government of Sri Lanka and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (ltte), where ltte is engaged in a process of state building within the areas they control. The article examines this state formation with an emphasis on the functions and forms of governance that are embedded in the new state institutions. It is observed that the emerging state formation has a strong f…
War by other means
Muttukrishna Sarvananthan's rejoinder in this issue to my earlier article on the state-building strategies of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (ltte) (Third World Quarterly, 27 (6), 2006) rende
The Politics of Localization
About the book: 'This unique book is a true encyclopedia of political geography. It gives a comprehensive outlook of its origin, objectives, history, and content. The Handbook focuses on three cornerstone themes – the state, power, gender and positionality, and offers an excellent panorama of contemporary political geography in relation with other branches of human geography and social science as a whole. The volume is a result of cooperation bet…
Rethinking Popular Representation
This book starts out from the deep concern with contemporary tendencies towards depoliticisation of public issues and popular interests and makes a case for rethinking more democratic popular represen
Human geography and the contextual politics of substantive democratization
Email: [email protected] IntroductionWhereas human geography is rich in theor-etical and empirical work on economic global-ization and associated neoliberal ideology and governance, there is a striking absence of research on the parallel global spread and hegemony of liberal democracy during the last three decades. This ‘ghostly presence of democracy in geography’ was pointed out by Barnett and Low (2004: 1) five years ago. Despite the…
Contributing to Development? Transnational Activities among Tamils in Norway
The theme of this article is the transnational activities of members of the Tamil diaspora in Norway and their significance to development in the Northeast region of Sri Lanka. Our analysis acknowledges the complexity of Tamil transnational activities, particularly in regard to issues which may be seen as political. A key observation among the majority of the Tamil diaspora concerns their pragmatic and seemingly apolitical approach to development…
Crafting Liberal Peace? International Peace Promotion and the Contextual Politics of Peace in Sri Lanka
Contemporary armed conflicts are typically intrastate conflicts in the Global South. These are often represented as global security threats, providing a justification for practical geopolitics of promoting liberal peace through elitist peace negotiations and instrumental use of humanitarian and development aid. In this context, the contemporary hegemonic discourse on peace emphasizes the synergies among liberal peace, liberal democracy, and neoli…
United Against HIV/Aids? Politics Of Local Governance In HIV/Aids Treatment In Lusikisiki, South Africa
South Africa is currently moving from a polarised politicisation of the right to treatment, towards contentions over the implementation of treatment programmes for people living with HIV/AIDS. This article examines the politics of local governance in the Lusikisiki HIV/AIDS programme in the Eastern Cape Province. This is a case where the principal state and civil society actors, the Department of Health (DoH) and the Treatment Action Campaign (TA…
Interventions in Nordic political geographies
The Impact of Women's Mobilisation
This article analyses how civil society organisations (CSOs) influenced the implementation of the National Land Titling Project (PETT) in Peru. Land titling projects such as PETT raise a number of questions about the social implications of formalisation. Women often are disadvantaged when it comes to land titling, due to several factors such as lack of legal documentation, illiteracy and the predominant gender division of labour. However, evaluat…
Political science (34 works) · Politics (29 works) · Sociology (28 works) · Law (25 works) · Political economy (24 works) · Economics (20 works) · Law (19 works) · Democracy (16 works) · Development economics (11 works) · Geography (10 works)