Anjum Hajat
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 149370 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Anjum Hajat |
| PRENOMES | Anjum |
| SOBRENOME | Hajat |
| ASSINATURA | HAJAT A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Washington |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8807-9232 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 43 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 264 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 43 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2005 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
From Past to Present
Depressive Symptoms Over the Course of Adolescence Among Latinx Children of Immigrants and Non-immigrants and White Youth From Small Towns in the United States
Assessing the Influence of Redlining on Intergenerational Wealth and Body Mass Index Through a Quasi-experimental Framework
Intersectional trends in poor mental health and health inequities across the US
Though mental distress poses a large and growing threat to population health, our understanding of how its social distribution has changed over time and what these changes imply for mental health equity is limited. To address this, we use data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to non-parametrically describe how age-standardized prevalence of frequent mental distress (FMD) and social inequities in FMD have changed in the United S…
Associations between adverse childhood experiences, viral suppression, and quality of life among persons living with HIV in Washington state
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to numerous negative health outcomes in adulthood and have been recognized as a hurdle to participating in HIV care. However, few studies have examined the cumulative impact that different types of childhood trauma have on HIV care engagement and HIV outcomes. This study characterized the relationship between ACEs, viral suppression, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among persons liv…
A tale of many neighborhoods
Individual and Neighborhood Level Predictors of Children’s Exposure to Residential Greenspace
Inequities in urban greenspace have been identified, though patterns by race and socioeconomic status vary across US settings. We estimated the magnitude of the relationship between a broad mixture of neighborhood-level factors and residential greenspace using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and compared predictive models of greenspace using only neighborhood-level, only individual-level, or multi-level predictors. Greenspace measures inc…
Neighbourhood-level policing as a racialised gendered stressor
BACKGROUND: Most studies capturing the health effects of police violence focus on directly impacted individuals, but a burgeoning field of study is capturing the indirect, community-level health effects of policing. Few empirical studies have examined neighbourhood-level policing, a contextual and racialised gendered stressor, in relation to preterm birth risk among Black and other racially minoritised people. METHODS: We spatially linked individ…
Structural gendered racism and preterm birth inequities in the United States
Gentrification, Mobility, and Exposure to Contextual Determinants of Health
This study uses individual level consumer trace data for 2006 residents of low- and moderate-income neighborhoods for the principal cities of the 100 largest metropolitan regions in the US using their location in 2006 and 2019 to examine exposure to the following four cSDOH: healthcare access (Medically Underserved Areas), socioeconomic condition (Area Deprivation Index), air pollution (NO2, PM 2.5 and PM10), and walkability (National Walkability…
A cross-sectional analysis of work schedule notice and depressive symptoms in the United States
The implementation of last-minute work scheduling practices, including fluctuations in work hours, shift cancellations, and short notice, reflects a new norm in employment in the United States. This study aimed to investigate whether work schedule notice of ≤2 weeks was associated with high depressive symptoms. We used data from the 2019 cycle of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (N = 4963 adults aged 37-42 years). Using adjusted gen…
Lethal use of force surveillance
Currently, there remains no reliable and timely government tracking in the USA of deaths caused by law enforcement. Federal efforts to track these events are insufficient, generally missing as many as half of community deaths that occur annually because of law enforcement’s lethal use of force. The dearth of accurate data on these events limits the ability to accurately quantify their burden and effectively identify opportunities for intervention…
Racial, ethnic, and gender differences in the association between higher state minimum wages and health and mental well-being in US adults with low educational attainment
Playgrounds are for children
“Green space” effects on health have been amply demonstrated, but whether specific features of green space exert differential effects remains unknown. Driven by developmental psychology theory highlighting the importance of play for young children, we investigated the association between parks with playgrounds, as a subtype of “green space”, and young child mental health. After adjusting for individual race, sex, income, and cumulative risk as we…
Do Different Patterns of Employment Quality Contribute to Gender Health Inequities in the U.S.? A Cross-Sectional Mediation Analysis
Compared to recent generations, workers today generally experience poorer quality employment across both contractual (e.g., wages, hours) and relational (e.g., participation in decision-making, power dynamics) dimensions within the worker–employer relationship. Recent research shows that women are more likely to experience poor-quality employment and that these conditions are associated with adverse health effects, suggesting employment relations…
Retail cannabis environment and adolescent use
The Inequitable Burden of the Covid-19 Pandemic Among Marginalized Older Workers in the United States
The impact of COVID-19 on employment conditions is inequitably patterned and is associated with financial hardship, food insecurity, and adverse health in older adults. Policies to improve employment quality and expand social insurance programs among this group are needed to reduce growing inequities in well-being later in life
What Does Non-standard Employment Look Like in the United States? An Empirical Typology of Employment Quality
Intersectional trends in employment quality in older adults in the United States
Americans' working lives have become more precarious over the past several decades. Worsening employment quality has been linked to poorer physical and mental health and may disproportionately impact marginalized working populations. We examined differences in the quality and character of worker-employer relationships among older workers in the United States (US) across intersecting gender-racial/ethnic-educational subgroups. Using longitudinal d…
The Association between Gait Speed and Falls in Community Dwelling Older Adults with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment
(1) Background: Falls are common in older adults and result in injuries, loss of independence, and death. Slow gait is associated with falls in older adults, but few studies have assessed the association between gait speed and falls among those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). (2) Methods: The association between gait speed and falls was assessed in 2705 older adults with and without MCI participating in the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study…
Beyond Hours Worked and Dollars Earned
The working lives of Americans have become less stable over the past several decades and older adults may be particularly vulnerable to these changes in employment quality (EQ). We aimed to develop a multidimensional indicator of EQ among older adults and identify EQ and retirement trajectories in the United States. Using longitudinal data on employment stability, material rewards, workers' rights, working-time arrangements, unionization, and int…
Vicarious Racism and Vigilance During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Mental health problems are a pressing concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from our study suggest that heightened racist sentiment, harassment, and violence against Asian and Black Americans contribute to increased risk of depression and anxiety via vicarious racism and vigilance. Public health efforts during this period should address endemic racism as well as COVID-19
The adverse effects of policing on population health
Life-course trajectories of employment quality and health in the U.S
Under capital’s thumb
BACKGROUND: We used a relational social-class measure based on property ownership and managerial authority to analyse the longitudinal relationships between class, self-rated health (SRH) and mental illness. To our knowledge, this is the first study using a relational social-class measure to evaluate these relationships longitudinally. METHODS: Using Panel Study of Income Dynamics data from 1984 to 2017, we first assigned respondents aged 25-64 t…
Vicarious Racism and Vigilance During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Mental health problems are a pressing concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from our study suggest that heightened racist sentiment, harassment, and violence against Asian and Black Americans contribute to increased risk of depression and anxiety via vicarious racism and vigilance. Public health efforts during this period should address endemic racism as well as COVID-19
Do the wealthy have a health advantage? Cardiovascular disease risk factors and wealth
Life-course trajectories of employment quality and health in the U.S
The Long-Term Dynamics of Racial/Ethnic Inequality in Neighborhood Air Pollution Exposure, 1990-2009
Research examining racial/ethnic disparities in pollution exposure often relies on cross-sectional data. These analyses are largely insensitive to exposure trends and rarely account for broader contextual dynamics. To provide a more comprehensive assessment of racial-environmental inequality over time, we combine the 1990 to 2009 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) with spatially- and temporally-resolved measures of nitrogen dioxid…
Do New Zealand's immigrants have a mortality advantage? Evidence from the New Zealand Census-Mortality Study
Findings from our study are consistent with international literature. Both the healthy migrant effect and acculturation may be responsible for the protective mortality effect among Asians and Europeans/Others that erodes over time. However, our results for the Pacific population suggest some migrant groups come to the host country with a health disadvantage and with no apparent healthy migrant effect
Adult Tobacco Use Levels After Intensive Tobacco Control Measures
Objectives. We sought to determine the impact of comprehensive tobacco control measures in New York City. Methods. In 2002, New York City implemented a tobacco control strategy of (1) increased cigarette excise taxes; (2) legal action that made virtually all work-places, including bars and restaurants, smoke free; (3) increased cessation services, including a large-scale free nicotine-patch program; (4) education; and (5) evaluation. The health d…
Evaluating Employment Quality as a Determinant of Health in a Changing Labor Market
The shifting nature of employment in recent decades has not been adequately examined from a public health perspective. To that end, traditional models of work and health research need to be expanded to include the relational and contractual aspects of employment that also affect health. We examine the association of three health outcomes with different types of employment in the contemporary U.S. labor market, as measured by a multidimensional co…
What Does Non-standard Employment Look Like in the United States? An Empirical Typology of Employment Quality
Circadian rhythm of cortisol and neighborhood characteristics in a population-based sample
The effects of air pollution on individual psychological distress
Race/Ethnicity, Residential Segregation, and Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution
Objectives. We described the associations of ambient air pollution exposure with race/ethnicity and racial residential segregation. Methods. We studied 5921 White, Black, Hispanic, and Chinese adults across 6 US cities between 2000 and 2002. Household-level fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO X ) were estimated for 2000. Neighborhood racial composition and residential segregation were estimated using US census tract data for…
The adverse effects of policing on population health
Beyond Hours Worked and Dollars Earned
The working lives of Americans have become less stable over the past several decades and older adults may be particularly vulnerable to these changes in employment quality (EQ). We aimed to develop a multidimensional indicator of EQ among older adults and identify EQ and retirement trajectories in the United States. Using longitudinal data on employment stability, material rewards, workers' rights, working-time arrangements, unionization, and int…
Retail cannabis environment and adolescent use
The Inequitable Burden of the Covid-19 Pandemic Among Marginalized Older Workers in the United States
The impact of COVID-19 on employment conditions is inequitably patterned and is associated with financial hardship, food insecurity, and adverse health in older adults. Policies to improve employment quality and expand social insurance programs among this group are needed to reduce growing inequities in well-being later in life
Neighbourhood racial/ethnic residential segregation and cardiometabolic risk
BACKGROUND: Racial residential segregation has been linked to adverse health outcomes, but associations may operate through multiple pathways. Prior studies have not examined associations of neighbourhood-level racial segregation with an index of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and whether associations differ by race/ethnicity. METHODS: We used data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis to estimate cross-sectional and longitudinal association…
Structural gendered racism and preterm birth inequities in the United States
Racial, ethnic, and gender differences in the association between higher state minimum wages and health and mental well-being in US adults with low educational attainment
Examining Psychological Distress Across Intersections of Immigrant Generational Status, Race, Poverty, and Gender
Estimation of HIV Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Testing Frequency among Sexually Active Men Who Have Sex with Men, Aged 18–64 Years—New York City, 2002
Assessing the Influence of Redlining on Intergenerational Wealth and Body Mass Index Through a Quasi-experimental Framework
Lethal use of force surveillance
Currently, there remains no reliable and timely government tracking in the USA of deaths caused by law enforcement. Federal efforts to track these events are insufficient, generally missing as many as half of community deaths that occur annually because of law enforcement’s lethal use of force. The dearth of accurate data on these events limits the ability to accurately quantify their burden and effectively identify opportunities for intervention…
Under capital’s thumb
BACKGROUND: We used a relational social-class measure based on property ownership and managerial authority to analyse the longitudinal relationships between class, self-rated health (SRH) and mental illness. To our knowledge, this is the first study using a relational social-class measure to evaluate these relationships longitudinally. METHODS: Using Panel Study of Income Dynamics data from 1984 to 2017, we first assigned respondents aged 25-64 t…
Adult Tobacco Use Levels After Intensive Tobacco Control Measures
Objectives. We sought to determine the impact of comprehensive tobacco control measures in New York City. Methods. In 2002, New York City implemented a tobacco control strategy of (1) increased cigarette excise taxes; (2) legal action that made virtually all work-places, including bars and restaurants, smoke free; (3) increased cessation services, including a large-scale free nicotine-patch program; (4) education; and (5) evaluation. The health d…
Discordance between Sexual Behavior and Self-Reported Sexual Identity
BACKGROUND: Persons reporting sexual identity that is discordant with their sexual behavior may engage in riskier sexual behaviors than those with concordant identity and behavior. The former group could play an important role in the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. OBJECTIVE: To describe discordance between self-described sexual identity and behavior among men who have sex with men and associations between identity-behavior and risk beha…
Estimation of HIV Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Testing Frequency among Sexually Active Men Who Have Sex with Men, Aged 18–64 Years—New York City, 2002
Do New Zealand's immigrants have a mortality advantage? Evidence from the New Zealand Census-Mortality Study
Findings from our study are consistent with international literature. Both the healthy migrant effect and acculturation may be responsible for the protective mortality effect among Asians and Europeans/Others that erodes over time. However, our results for the Pacific population suggest some migrant groups come to the host country with a health disadvantage and with no apparent healthy migrant effect
Do the wealthy have a health advantage? Cardiovascular disease risk factors and wealth
Circadian rhythm of cortisol and neighborhood characteristics in a population-based sample
Race/Ethnicity, Residential Segregation, and Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution
Objectives. We described the associations of ambient air pollution exposure with race/ethnicity and racial residential segregation. Methods. We studied 5921 White, Black, Hispanic, and Chinese adults across 6 US cities between 2000 and 2002. Household-level fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO X ) were estimated for 2000. Neighborhood racial composition and residential segregation were estimated using US census tract data for…
Socioeconomic Disparities and Air Pollution Exposure
Examining the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between diurnal cortisol and neighborhood characteristics
The Long-Term Dynamics of Racial/Ethnic Inequality in Neighborhood Air Pollution Exposure, 1990-2009
Research examining racial/ethnic disparities in pollution exposure often relies on cross-sectional data. These analyses are largely insensitive to exposure trends and rarely account for broader contextual dynamics. To provide a more comprehensive assessment of racial-environmental inequality over time, we combine the 1990 to 2009 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) with spatially- and temporally-resolved measures of nitrogen dioxid…
Explaining racial/ethnic differences in all-cause mortality in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (Mesa)
Research on racial/ethnic health disparities and socioeconomic position has not fully considered occupation. However, because occupations are racially patterned, certain occupational characteristics may explain racial/ethnic difference in health. This study examines the role of occupational characteristics in racial/ethnic disparities in all-cause mortality. Data are from a U.S. community-based cohort study (n=6342, median follow-up: 12.2 years),…
The effects of air pollution on individual psychological distress
Individual and Neighborhood Stressors, Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease
Psychosocial and environmental stress exposures across the life course have been shown to be relevant in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Assessing more than one stressor from different domains (e.g., individual and neighborhood) and across the life course moves us towards a more integrated picture of how stress affects health and well-being. Furthermore, these individual and neighborhood psychosocial stressors act on biologic pat…
Early-Life Air Pollution Exposure, Neighborhood Poverty, and Childhood Asthma in the United States, 1990–2014
Ambient air pollution is a well-known risk factor of various asthma-related outcomes, however, past research has often focused on acute exacerbations rather than asthma development. This study draws on a population-based, multigenerational panel dataset from the United States to assess the association of childhood asthma risk with census block-level, annual-average air pollution exposure measured during the prenatal and early postnatal periods, a…
Association between Precipitation and Diarrheal Disease in Mozambique
Diarrheal diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa. Although research documents the magnitude and pattern of diarrheal diseases are associated with weather in particular locations, there is limited quantification of this association in sub-Saharan Africa and no studies conducted in Mozambique. Our study aimed to determine whether variation in diarrheal disease was associated with precipitation in Mozambique. In secondary …
Evaluating Employment Quality as a Determinant of Health in a Changing Labor Market
The shifting nature of employment in recent decades has not been adequately examined from a public health perspective. To that end, traditional models of work and health research need to be expanded to include the relational and contractual aspects of employment that also affect health. We examine the association of three health outcomes with different types of employment in the contemporary U.S. labor market, as measured by a multidimensional co…
Neighbourhood racial/ethnic residential segregation and cardiometabolic risk
BACKGROUND: Racial residential segregation has been linked to adverse health outcomes, but associations may operate through multiple pathways. Prior studies have not examined associations of neighbourhood-level racial segregation with an index of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and whether associations differ by race/ethnicity. METHODS: We used data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis to estimate cross-sectional and longitudinal association…
Life-course trajectories of employment quality and health in the U.S
Under capital’s thumb
BACKGROUND: We used a relational social-class measure based on property ownership and managerial authority to analyse the longitudinal relationships between class, self-rated health (SRH) and mental illness. To our knowledge, this is the first study using a relational social-class measure to evaluate these relationships longitudinally. METHODS: Using Panel Study of Income Dynamics data from 1984 to 2017, we first assigned respondents aged 25-64 t…
Examining Psychological Distress Across Intersections of Immigrant Generational Status, Race, Poverty, and Gender
Intersectional trends in employment quality in older adults in the United States
Americans' working lives have become more precarious over the past several decades. Worsening employment quality has been linked to poorer physical and mental health and may disproportionately impact marginalized working populations. We examined differences in the quality and character of worker-employer relationships among older workers in the United States (US) across intersecting gender-racial/ethnic-educational subgroups. Using longitudinal d…
The Association between Gait Speed and Falls in Community Dwelling Older Adults with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment
(1) Background: Falls are common in older adults and result in injuries, loss of independence, and death. Slow gait is associated with falls in older adults, but few studies have assessed the association between gait speed and falls among those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). (2) Methods: The association between gait speed and falls was assessed in 2705 older adults with and without MCI participating in the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study…
Beyond Hours Worked and Dollars Earned
The working lives of Americans have become less stable over the past several decades and older adults may be particularly vulnerable to these changes in employment quality (EQ). We aimed to develop a multidimensional indicator of EQ among older adults and identify EQ and retirement trajectories in the United States. Using longitudinal data on employment stability, material rewards, workers' rights, working-time arrangements, unionization, and int…
Vicarious Racism and Vigilance During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Mental health problems are a pressing concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from our study suggest that heightened racist sentiment, harassment, and violence against Asian and Black Americans contribute to increased risk of depression and anxiety via vicarious racism and vigilance. Public health efforts during this period should address endemic racism as well as COVID-19
The adverse effects of policing on population health
Medicine (37 obras) · Sociology (26 obras) · Demography (23 obras) · Population (23 obras) · Psychology (22 obras) · Demography (19 obras) · Environmental health (19 obras) · Gerontology (19 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (18 obras) · Economics (15 obras)