Viv Martins
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 149930 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Viv Martins |
| NOMBRES | Viv |
| APELLIDO | Martins |
| FIRMA | MARTINS V |
| AFILIACIONES | Royal Holloway University of London |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6377-5087 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 31 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 32 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1986 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Iran and Global Decolonisation
The Abyssinian slave trade to Iran and the Rokeby case 1877
In March 1877, the British searched a ship named The Rokeby and discovered eight Abyssinian child slaves on board. It is argued that, hitherto frustrated by the constant evasion of their attempts to supress the slave trade, they used the event to bring pressure on local government officials and merchants of Bushehr to cease their collusion and involvement. The result was a decline in the trade at least in the coast around Bushehr. There having be…
British policy towards Iran 1809-1914
There have been many interpretations of British policy in Iran between 1809 and 1914, but not infrequently a lack of precision as to what it was, with a certain tendency to believe that the British wished for greater control and influence over the country than they in fact did. This article seeks to demonstrate that Britain's paramount concern was the defence of the route to India, and that, by contrast with the Russians, they refrained from invo…
Persian Gulf Command
The total history of the Second World War in the Middle East is a highly significant subject, which, as Ashley Jackson points out in this book, has not yet been studied in detail. The purpose of his volume is to provide knowledge of, and insight into, the area, concentrating on Iran and Iraq. The author looks at the major challenges facing the British military in operating over a vast area and evaluates the strategies they adopted and the logisti…
Islamist radicalism in the provinces of Iran 1906–9
Islamist radicalism emerged in the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1906–9. This article examines the early stages of its emergence with particular reference to the provinces of Iran. It looks at the subject thematically and traces the development of an Islamist notion of the state, characterized by Islamic law, and the shaping of new views on nationalism, absolutism and the economy. Increasingly politicized ordinary people also influenced id…
Women, Religion and Culture in Iran
Investigates how women, religion and culture have interacted in the context of 19th and 20th century Iran, covering topics as seemingly diverse as the social and cultural history of Persian cuisine, the work and attitudes of 19th century Christian missionaries, the impact of growing female literacy, and the consequences of developments since 1979.
Iran Between Islamic Nationalism and Secularism
With the ratification of a new constitution in December 1906, Iran embarked on a great movement of systemic and institutional change which, along with the introduction of new ideas, was to be one of the most abiding legacies of the first Iranian revolution - known as the Constitutional Revolution. This uprising was significant not only for introducing secular understandings of government, but also Islamic visions of what could constitute a nation…
Collaborative Writing in Real Time
In this article we record, recount, and reflect on a 48-hour period in which we hang out in a rented house beside a lake with the intention of writing collaboratively. The writing emerges out of conversations. Our exchanges move back and forth and sideways between talking, writing, reading, and responding to each other's writing. These exchanges are held together and created through cooking, eating, going to the pub, walking, making cocktails, si…
Tribes and Empire on the Margins of Nineteenth Century Iran
State, Power and Long-term Trends in the Iranian Constitution of 1906 and its Supplement of 1907
This article looks at the Iranian Constitution of 1906 and its Supplement of 1907 in terms of the existing trend towards the centralization and strengthening of the state, looking in detail at the role of the reformist higher bureaucracy in pursuing these objectives in the drafting of the Constitution. It also considers the question of the long term trend relating to control of power in the form of the army, and the way the issue was handled in t…
Foreign Land Holdings in Iran 1828 to 1911
The issue of the purchase of land in one country, in this case Iran, by other countries, in this case Britain and Russia, is one of great significance because of light it may throw on the strength or weakness of national sovereignty, and the ways and degree to which it may be undermined. It can also show the strategies deployed by the country challenged to protect its territorial integrity, as here in the case of Iran. The intricacies of foreign …
"Encountering "Gerald
This article describes a process of moving in and out of a place of "ordinary, transient and sustainable community" within a collaborative writing group. The group meets together both on- and offline. Over the last 5 years, the authors have developed an every day, meandering, and nomadic practice of being, talking, and writing. This enables frequent encounters with a very precious, precarious, and particular sense of collective energy. The group …
Murder in Bushehr in 1844
This article discusses an honour killing in Bushehr in 1844. It seeks to demonstrate that one of the problems of modernising legal reform is that it is very difficult to reform one aspect of the law without changing the whole. In other words, following Monstequieu, the whole spirit of the age must change. The article further demonstrates the flexibility of the shariʿa both with regard to local custom and to seeking the benefit both of the communi…
Aqa Najafi, Haj Aqa Nurullah, and the Emergence of Islamism in Isfahan 1889–1908
Alongside the burgeoning secular ideas on people and state during the Constitutional Revolution, a movement seeking a modern Islamic state, governed according to the shari'a, also emerged. This article studies the evolution of that movement in Isfahan, first by contrasting the experience of two brothers of very different ages, Aqa Najafi Isfahani and Haj Aqa Nurullah Isfahani, and examining the way the younger became receptive to the Pan-Islamic …
Friend and Foe? Technology in a Collaborative Writing Group
This is a partial account of the journey undertaken by a group of academic nomads in search of collaborative writing space. Never intending to permanently settle anywhere, we chose to explore writing technologies that supported collaborative forms of engagement with our task and with each other. Along the way we took up with, and discarded, a variety of writing technologies. Reflecting teamwork and collective biography practices sustained our wor…
The Jester and the Shadow of God
This paper will discuss the role of the jesters at the court of Nasr al-Din Shah, with more particular reference to Karim Shire′i, whose humor gained a lasting place in popular memory. It will look at the jesters in the context of their essential role, to remind the king that he was human. This poses a number of questions with regard to who the jester was and how he carried out his function. First, there is the question of the relationship betwee…
The Role of the Karguzar in the Foreign Relations of State and Society of Iran from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921 Part III
Continuing our theme of looking at foreign relations between Iran and Britain from the point of view of the popular level through the role of the karguzar (the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Agent), this article will consider cases concerning foreign trade and disputes over property. It will examine the popular response to the growth of the foreign presence through expansion of foreign trade and the way Iranians handled their situation in a system t…
Part II
This, the second of our three articles on the role of the karguzar in the foreign relations of Iran, focuses on internal issues, and, in particular, the problems of security. Its main period of study is the years following the Constitutional Revolution during which Iran witnessed a gradual breakdown of social control resulting from severe government weakness. The Revolution, itself the product of financial fragility, led to the virtual bankruptcy…
The Qajar Pact
The Qajar Pact explores new perspectives on the nineteenth-century Iranian state and society, and is the first broad study of lower social groups in this period. Vanessa Martin argues that Qajar government was certainly despotic, but was also founded on a consensus based on the Islamic principles of consultation and negotiation. The author focuses on the role of the non-elite groups in urban society up to the years before the Constitutional Revol…
The Role of the Karguzar in the Foreign Relations of State and Society of Iran from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921. Part 1
The foreign relations of Iran from 1800 to 1921 have on the whole been discussed in terms of diplomatic relations between states, of ‘Great Power’ policy, and of the impact of the world economy upon a comparatively weak and traditional society. A brief survey of the existing literature reveals that Iran's lack of progress has been attributed among other factors to her form of government, foreign interference and to her predicament as a buffer sta…
Creating an Islamic state
Creating an Islamic State is the first analysis of the ideological roots of an Islamic state as conceived by the Ayatollah Khomeini. Vanessa Martin finds that much of the inspiration behind Khomeini's political thinking was drawn, from western sources. His vision of the supreme Islamic Jurist was affected by Plato's notions of the philosopher-ruler and his views of state power and centralism indicate a close understanding of authoritarianism. Lik…
Illusions of the City
Khumaini, Knowledge and the Political Process
An Evaluation of Reform and Development of the State in the Early Qājār Period
Mudarris, republicanism and the rise to power of Riża Khan, Sardar‐i Sipah
Collaborative Writing in Real Time
In this article we record, recount, and reflect on a 48-hour period in which we hang out in a rented house beside a lake with the intention of writing collaboratively. The writing emerges out of conversations. Our exchanges move back and forth and sideways between talking, writing, reading, and responding to each other's writing. These exchanges are held together and created through cooking, eating, going to the pub, walking, making cocktails, si…
"Encountering "Gerald
This article describes a process of moving in and out of a place of "ordinary, transient and sustainable community" within a collaborative writing group. The group meets together both on- and offline. Over the last 5 years, the authors have developed an every day, meandering, and nomadic practice of being, talking, and writing. This enables frequent encounters with a very precious, precarious, and particular sense of collective energy. The group …
Friend and Foe? Technology in a Collaborative Writing Group
This is a partial account of the journey undertaken by a group of academic nomads in search of collaborative writing space. Never intending to permanently settle anywhere, we chose to explore writing technologies that supported collaborative forms of engagement with our task and with each other. Along the way we took up with, and discarded, a variety of writing technologies. Reflecting teamwork and collective biography practices sustained our wor…
Shaikh Fazlallah Nuri and the Iranian revolution 1905–09
In studies of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution there has been a tendency to concentrate on the role of the ulama as leaders of the constitutional movement, and to overlook the fact that an important group of mullahs supported the traditional system of government, and, from 1907 onwards, came out in open opposition to constitutionalism. Hairi has thrown some light on the anticonstitutionalist arguments of Shaikh Fazlallah Nuri, the most signi…
The Role of the Karguzar in the Foreign Relations of State and Society of Iran from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921. Part 1
The foreign relations of Iran from 1800 to 1921 have on the whole been discussed in terms of diplomatic relations between states, of ‘Great Power’ policy, and of the impact of the world economy upon a comparatively weak and traditional society. A brief survey of the existing literature reveals that Iran's lack of progress has been attributed among other factors to her form of government, foreign interference and to her predicament as a buffer sta…
An Evaluation of Reform and Development of the State in the Early Qājār Period
Aqa Najafi, Haj Aqa Nurullah, and the Emergence of Islamism in Isfahan 1889–1908
Alongside the burgeoning secular ideas on people and state during the Constitutional Revolution, a movement seeking a modern Islamic state, governed according to the shari'a, also emerged. This article studies the evolution of that movement in Isfahan, first by contrasting the experience of two brothers of very different ages, Aqa Najafi Isfahani and Haj Aqa Nurullah Isfahani, and examining the way the younger became receptive to the Pan-Islamic …
The Jester and the Shadow of God
This paper will discuss the role of the jesters at the court of Nasr al-Din Shah, with more particular reference to Karim Shire′i, whose humor gained a lasting place in popular memory. It will look at the jesters in the context of their essential role, to remind the king that he was human. This poses a number of questions with regard to who the jester was and how he carried out his function. First, there is the question of the relationship betwee…
The Role of the Karguzar in the Foreign Relations of State and Society of Iran from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921 Part III
Continuing our theme of looking at foreign relations between Iran and Britain from the point of view of the popular level through the role of the karguzar (the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Agent), this article will consider cases concerning foreign trade and disputes over property. It will examine the popular response to the growth of the foreign presence through expansion of foreign trade and the way Iranians handled their situation in a system t…
Part II
This, the second of our three articles on the role of the karguzar in the foreign relations of Iran, focuses on internal issues, and, in particular, the problems of security. Its main period of study is the years following the Constitutional Revolution during which Iran witnessed a gradual breakdown of social control resulting from severe government weakness. The Revolution, itself the product of financial fragility, led to the virtual bankruptcy…
Illusions of the City
Hartwig and Russian policy in Iran 1906–8
(1993). Hartwig and Russian policy in Iran 1906–8. Middle Eastern Studies: Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 1-21
The anti‐constitutionalist arguments of Shaikh Fazlallah Nuri
The anti‐constitutionalist arguments of Shaikh Fazlallah Nuri
Shaikh Fazlallah Nuri and the Iranian revolution 1905–09
In studies of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution there has been a tendency to concentrate on the role of the ulama as leaders of the constitutional movement, and to overlook the fact that an important group of mullahs supported the traditional system of government, and, from 1907 onwards, came out in open opposition to constitutionalism. Hairi has thrown some light on the anticonstitutionalist arguments of Shaikh Fazlallah Nuri, the most signi…
Trends in the Shī'ī Response to Constitutionalist Ideology in Iran
Since the Shī'ī response to constitutionalist notions of government is potentially a very large subject, for the purposes of this discussion Shī'ī will be taken to mean the members of the orthodox ' ulamā , those most committed to the sharī'a and learned in its precepts. Whilst even within this group there is a wide diversity of opinion, it is hoped that, by looking at works written over a longer period, the discussion will show that the response…
C. Reviews
THE HISTORY OF AL‐TABARI. VOL. III: THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL. Translated by WILLIAM M. BRINNER. Albany, N.Y., SUNY Press, 1991. xii, 194 pp. $44.00 (hb), $14.95 (pb). THE HISTORY OF AL‐TABARI. VOL. XXXIII: STORM AND STRESS ALONG THE NORTHERN FRONTIERS OF THE ‘ABBASID CALIPHATE. Translated by C.E. BOSWORTH. Albany, N.Y., SUNY Press, 1991. xix, 239 pp. $57.50 (hb), $18.95 (pb). THE AWAKENING OF PERSIA: THE REIGN OF NASR AL‐DIN SHAH 1848–1896. By A.J.…
Hartwig and Russian policy in Iran 1906–8
(1993). Hartwig and Russian policy in Iran 1906–8. Middle Eastern Studies: Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 1-21
Religion and state in Khumainī's Kashf al-asrār
Āyatullāh Ruhullāh Khumainī's first major political work, Kashf al-asrār (The revealing of secrets), was published in about 1943, its purpose being according to the author, to repudiate attacks upon the 'ulamā' by writers in the press and printed leaflets during the Riḍā Shāh period, and to rectify the misconceptions that had arisen among the public as a result of the dissemination of these views. It would seem that the book, however, was primari…
Mudarris, republicanism and the rise to power of Riża Khan, Sardar‐i Sipah
An Evaluation of Reform and Development of the State in the Early Qājār Period
Illusions of the City
Khumaini, Knowledge and the Political Process
Creating an Islamic state
Creating an Islamic State is the first analysis of the ideological roots of an Islamic state as conceived by the Ayatollah Khomeini. Vanessa Martin finds that much of the inspiration behind Khomeini's political thinking was drawn, from western sources. His vision of the supreme Islamic Jurist was affected by Plato's notions of the philosopher-ruler and his views of state power and centralism indicate a close understanding of authoritarianism. Lik…
The Qajar Pact
The Qajar Pact explores new perspectives on the nineteenth-century Iranian state and society, and is the first broad study of lower social groups in this period. Vanessa Martin argues that Qajar government was certainly despotic, but was also founded on a consensus based on the Islamic principles of consultation and negotiation. The author focuses on the role of the non-elite groups in urban society up to the years before the Constitutional Revol…
The Role of the Karguzar in the Foreign Relations of State and Society of Iran from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921. Part 1
The foreign relations of Iran from 1800 to 1921 have on the whole been discussed in terms of diplomatic relations between states, of ‘Great Power’ policy, and of the impact of the world economy upon a comparatively weak and traditional society. A brief survey of the existing literature reveals that Iran's lack of progress has been attributed among other factors to her form of government, foreign interference and to her predicament as a buffer sta…
The Role of the Karguzar in the Foreign Relations of State and Society of Iran from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921 Part III
Continuing our theme of looking at foreign relations between Iran and Britain from the point of view of the popular level through the role of the karguzar (the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Agent), this article will consider cases concerning foreign trade and disputes over property. It will examine the popular response to the growth of the foreign presence through expansion of foreign trade and the way Iranians handled their situation in a system t…
Part II
This, the second of our three articles on the role of the karguzar in the foreign relations of Iran, focuses on internal issues, and, in particular, the problems of security. Its main period of study is the years following the Constitutional Revolution during which Iran witnessed a gradual breakdown of social control resulting from severe government weakness. The Revolution, itself the product of financial fragility, led to the virtual bankruptcy…
The Jester and the Shadow of God
This paper will discuss the role of the jesters at the court of Nasr al-Din Shah, with more particular reference to Karim Shire′i, whose humor gained a lasting place in popular memory. It will look at the jesters in the context of their essential role, to remind the king that he was human. This poses a number of questions with regard to who the jester was and how he carried out his function. First, there is the question of the relationship betwee…
Murder in Bushehr in 1844
This article discusses an honour killing in Bushehr in 1844. It seeks to demonstrate that one of the problems of modernising legal reform is that it is very difficult to reform one aspect of the law without changing the whole. In other words, following Monstequieu, the whole spirit of the age must change. The article further demonstrates the flexibility of the shariʿa both with regard to local custom and to seeking the benefit both of the communi…
Aqa Najafi, Haj Aqa Nurullah, and the Emergence of Islamism in Isfahan 1889–1908
Alongside the burgeoning secular ideas on people and state during the Constitutional Revolution, a movement seeking a modern Islamic state, governed according to the shari'a, also emerged. This article studies the evolution of that movement in Isfahan, first by contrasting the experience of two brothers of very different ages, Aqa Najafi Isfahani and Haj Aqa Nurullah Isfahani, and examining the way the younger became receptive to the Pan-Islamic …
Friend and Foe? Technology in a Collaborative Writing Group
This is a partial account of the journey undertaken by a group of academic nomads in search of collaborative writing space. Never intending to permanently settle anywhere, we chose to explore writing technologies that supported collaborative forms of engagement with our task and with each other. Along the way we took up with, and discarded, a variety of writing technologies. Reflecting teamwork and collective biography practices sustained our wor…
"Encountering "Gerald
This article describes a process of moving in and out of a place of "ordinary, transient and sustainable community" within a collaborative writing group. The group meets together both on- and offline. Over the last 5 years, the authors have developed an every day, meandering, and nomadic practice of being, talking, and writing. This enables frequent encounters with a very precious, precarious, and particular sense of collective energy. The group …
Tribes and Empire on the Margins of Nineteenth Century Iran
State, Power and Long-term Trends in the Iranian Constitution of 1906 and its Supplement of 1907
This article looks at the Iranian Constitution of 1906 and its Supplement of 1907 in terms of the existing trend towards the centralization and strengthening of the state, looking in detail at the role of the reformist higher bureaucracy in pursuing these objectives in the drafting of the Constitution. It also considers the question of the long term trend relating to control of power in the form of the army, and the way the issue was handled in t…
Foreign Land Holdings in Iran 1828 to 1911
The issue of the purchase of land in one country, in this case Iran, by other countries, in this case Britain and Russia, is one of great significance because of light it may throw on the strength or weakness of national sovereignty, and the ways and degree to which it may be undermined. It can also show the strategies deployed by the country challenged to protect its territorial integrity, as here in the case of Iran. The intricacies of foreign …
Collaborative Writing in Real Time
In this article we record, recount, and reflect on a 48-hour period in which we hang out in a rented house beside a lake with the intention of writing collaboratively. The writing emerges out of conversations. Our exchanges move back and forth and sideways between talking, writing, reading, and responding to each other's writing. These exchanges are held together and created through cooking, eating, going to the pub, walking, making cocktails, si…
Iran Between Islamic Nationalism and Secularism
With the ratification of a new constitution in December 1906, Iran embarked on a great movement of systemic and institutional change which, along with the introduction of new ideas, was to be one of the most abiding legacies of the first Iranian revolution - known as the Constitutional Revolution. This uprising was significant not only for introducing secular understandings of government, but also Islamic visions of what could constitute a nation…
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