Robert S Stawski
Biographic Data
| ID | 150308 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robert S Stawski |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robert S |
| FAMILY NAME | Stawski |
| SIGNATURE | STAWSKI R S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Oregon State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0809-6372 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 27 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 64 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 27 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Partner strain and support associations with affective reactions to daily stressors
Community crime and safety
Few studies have investigated the associations between community crime rates and affective well-being, and how that relationship may differ according to gender. Using data from the National Study of Daily Experiences and the Uniform Crime Reporting Program, the current study examined gender differences between daily affective experiences, crime rates, and perceptions of neighborhood safety. Although feeling unsafe in one's neighborhood was relate…
Computing Components of Everyday Stress Responses
Repeated assessments in everyday life enables collecting ecologically valid data on dynamic, within-persons processes. These methods have widespread utility and application and have been extensively used for the study of stressors and stress responses. Enhanced conceptual sophistication of characterizing intraindividual stress responses in everyday life would help advance the field. This article provides a pragmatic overview of approaches, opport…
Maturation or disruption? Conscientiousness development in the transition into adolescence
Research to date has shown longitudinal changes in conscientiousness during early and middle adolescence, but most studies have been conducted in Western countries. The present study aimed to examine the pattern of mean-level conscientiousness change at the transition into early adolescence among a Chinese sample using curve of factors (CUFFS) models. Four waves of data from 661 Chinese children aged 8 years old at baseline in the China Family Pa…
How Do Marital Transitions Affect Self-Perceptions of Aging
OBJECTIVES: We analyzed whether marital status and experiences of marital loss or gain were associated with self-perceptions of aging (SPA), a major psychosocial mechanism of healthy aging. METHOD: We used data from 7028 participants of the Health and Retirement Study. Participants reported their marital status and their positive and negative SPA on two occasions 4 years apart. We ran general linear models to analyze differences in SPA between me…
Daily Caregiving Appraisals, Future Self-Views, and Physical Activity Goals Among Adult-Daughter Dementia Caregivers
Results suggest that one pathway through which subjective caregiving experiences, especially negative caregiving appraisals, affect caregivers' physical activity goal pursuit is through future self-views. Thus, this study offers a deeper theoretical understanding of caregivers' self-regulatory health behavior and new empirical information on how caregiving might affect life-span developmental motivation
Affective Reactions to daily interpersonal stressors
The goal of this study was to examine whether family involvement and gender moderated daily changes in affect associated with interpersonal stressors. Adults ( N = 2022; Mage = 56.25, Median = 56, SD = 12.20, Range = 33-84) from the second wave of the National Study of Daily Experiences participated in eight consecutive daily diaries. Each day they reported whether a daily interpersonal stressor occurred, whether family was involved, and their po…
How Much Does State Context Matter in Emergency Savings? Disentangling the Individual and Contextual Contributions of the Financial Capability Constructs
Aging-related changes in the association between negative affect and response time inconsistency in older adulthood
Negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA) are established modifiable psychosocial correlates of cognitive health and have demonstrated capacity for meaningful within-person fluctuations based on person–environment interactions, age, and measurement approach. Previous research has shown NA is associated with increased response time inconsistency (RTI), an early performance-based indicator of cognitive health and aging. It is unclear, however, …
Religious and Spiritual Development from Adolescence to Early Adulthood in the U.S
Neighborhood safety concerns and daily well-being
People living in unsafe neighborhoods often report poor health. The reasons for this are multi-faceted, but one possibility is that unsafe neighborhoods create a situation of chronic stress, which may deplete people's resources to cope with the daily stressors of life. How people respond to daily stressors (e.g., with increased self-reported negative affect and physical symptoms) is positively associated with health problems and may thus be one p…
Resolution Status and Age as Moderators for Interpersonal Everyday Stress and Stressor-Related Affect
Unresolved everyday arguments and avoided arguments are differentially potent in terms of affective reactivity and residue, suggesting resolution may be crucial in emotional downregulation. Future work should focus on exploring resolution of other everyday stressors to garner a comprehensive understanding of what characteristics impact stressor-affect associations and for whom
Women’s Self-Relevant Goal Pursuit in the Presence of Physical Pain
Our results suggest that pain interrupts regulation of a self-relevant goal at a within-person-not just between-person-daily level. Future work should consider how these daily, within-person, disruptions affect broader identity processes and overall well-being
Age, Daily Stress Processes, and Allostatic Load
Objective: The present study examined age differences in the association between daily stressors and allostatic load. Method: Participants consisted of 317 adults (34-84 years) who participated in Waves 1 (1996-1997) and 2 (between 2005 and 2009) of the Midlife Development in the United States Survey. During Wave 1, participants reported the stressors they encountered across eight consecutive days. Within-person affective reactivity slopes indexi…
The Ups and Downs of Cognitive Function
Neuroticism predicts greater RTI irrespective of mean performance and this effect is driven largely by heightened negative emotionality that may be particularly detrimental for older adults
Associations Between Control Beliefs and Response Time Inconsistency in Older Adults Vary as a Function of Attentional Task Demands
Our findings suggest that control beliefs may have adaptive and maladaptive influences on RTI, depending on dimension of control beliefs, individual differences in level of control beliefs and age, as well as attentional task demands. Both for whom and when control beliefs can be leveraged to optimize cognitive aging are discussed
A Comprehensive Comparison of Quantifications of Intraindividual Variability in Response Times
RTI reflects a novel dimension of performance that is a robust and theoretically informative predictor of BP and WP variation in cognitive function. Among the plenitude of RTI quantifications, not all are interchangeable, nor of comparable predictive utility
Association of retirement age with mortality
BACKGROUND: Retirement is an important transitional process in later life. Despite a large body of research examining the impacts of health on retirement, questions still remain regarding the association of retirement age with survival. We aimed to examine the association between retirement age and mortality among healthy and unhealthy retirees and to investigate whether sociodemographic factors modified this association. METHODS: On the basis of…
A Double-Edged Sword
This study contributes to research on race and family ties by exploring racial differences in the direct effects of family support exchanges on daily well-being and the extent to which family support buffers/exacerbates stressor reactivity. African Americans and European Americans aged 34 to 84 years ( N = 1,931) from the National Study of Daily Experiences reported on family support exchanges (i.e., support received/support provided), daily stre…
Emotional Reactivity and Mortality
Findings highlight the potential importance of dynamic aspects of positive affect in prediction of physical health outcomes such as mortality
Racial Differences in Exposure and Reactivity to Daily Family Stressors
Using data from the National Study of Daily Experiences, the authors examined racial differences in exposure and reactivity to daily stressors involving family members. Respondents included African American and European American adults age 34 to 84 (N = 1,931) who participated in 8 days of daily interviews during which they reported on daily stressors, affect, and physical health symptoms. The results revealed racial similarities in family stress…
Associations Between Cognitive Function and Naturally Occurring Daily Cortisol During Middle Adulthood
The results indicate that better CF is associated with healthier profiles of naturally occurring cortisol and underscore the importance of the timing of cortisol sampling
Intraindividual Coupling of Daily Stressors and Cognitive Interference in Old Age
These results support theoretical work regarding associations among stress, NA, and cognitive interference, both across persons and within persons over time
Persons as Contexts
Relationships among multiple variables over time are of interest in many developmental areas and are frequently examined using time-varying predictors in multilevel models. Yet an incomplete specification of time-varying predictors will usually result in biased model effects. Specifically, the impact of constant, between-person sources of variation must be differentiated from the impact of time-specific, within-person sources of variation - that …
Intraindividual change and variability in daily stress processes
There is little longitudinal information on aging-related changes in emotional responses to negative events. In the present article, we examined intraindividual change and variability in the within-person coupling of daily stress and negative affect using data from 2 measurement-burst daily diary studies. Three main findings emerged. First, average reactivity to daily stress increased longitudinally, and this increase was evident across most of t…
Emotional Reactivity and Mortality
Findings highlight the potential importance of dynamic aspects of positive affect in prediction of physical health outcomes such as mortality
Psychosocial and Biological Markers of Daily Lives of Midlife Parents of Children with Disabilities
Using daily telephone interviews, 82 midlife parents (mean age = 57.4) of children with disabilities (mean age = 29.9) were compared with a closely matched sample of unaffected parents (N = 82) to elucidate the daily experience of nonnormative parenting. In addition, salivary cortisol samples were obtained to examine whether parents of children with disabilities had dysregulated diurnal rhythms and the extent to which the amount of time spent wit…
A Double-Edged Sword
This study contributes to research on race and family ties by exploring racial differences in the direct effects of family support exchanges on daily well-being and the extent to which family support buffers/exacerbates stressor reactivity. African Americans and European Americans aged 34 to 84 years ( N = 1,931) from the National Study of Daily Experiences reported on family support exchanges (i.e., support received/support provided), daily stre…
Racial Differences in Exposure and Reactivity to Daily Family Stressors
Using data from the National Study of Daily Experiences, the authors examined racial differences in exposure and reactivity to daily stressors involving family members. Respondents included African American and European American adults age 34 to 84 (N = 1,931) who participated in 8 days of daily interviews during which they reported on daily stressors, affect, and physical health symptoms. The results revealed racial similarities in family stress…
A Comprehensive Comparison of Quantifications of Intraindividual Variability in Response Times
RTI reflects a novel dimension of performance that is a robust and theoretically informative predictor of BP and WP variation in cognitive function. Among the plenitude of RTI quantifications, not all are interchangeable, nor of comparable predictive utility
Association of retirement age with mortality
BACKGROUND: Retirement is an important transitional process in later life. Despite a large body of research examining the impacts of health on retirement, questions still remain regarding the association of retirement age with survival. We aimed to examine the association between retirement age and mortality among healthy and unhealthy retirees and to investigate whether sociodemographic factors modified this association. METHODS: On the basis of…
Associations Between Cognitive Function and Naturally Occurring Daily Cortisol During Middle Adulthood
The results indicate that better CF is associated with healthier profiles of naturally occurring cortisol and underscore the importance of the timing of cortisol sampling
Intraindividual Coupling of Daily Stressors and Cognitive Interference in Old Age
These results support theoretical work regarding associations among stress, NA, and cognitive interference, both across persons and within persons over time
Affective Reactions to daily interpersonal stressors
The goal of this study was to examine whether family involvement and gender moderated daily changes in affect associated with interpersonal stressors. Adults ( N = 2022; Mage = 56.25, Median = 56, SD = 12.20, Range = 33-84) from the second wave of the National Study of Daily Experiences participated in eight consecutive daily diaries. Each day they reported whether a daily interpersonal stressor occurred, whether family was involved, and their po…
Resolution Status and Age as Moderators for Interpersonal Everyday Stress and Stressor-Related Affect
Unresolved everyday arguments and avoided arguments are differentially potent in terms of affective reactivity and residue, suggesting resolution may be crucial in emotional downregulation. Future work should focus on exploring resolution of other everyday stressors to garner a comprehensive understanding of what characteristics impact stressor-affect associations and for whom
Age, Daily Stress Processes, and Allostatic Load
Objective: The present study examined age differences in the association between daily stressors and allostatic load. Method: Participants consisted of 317 adults (34-84 years) who participated in Waves 1 (1996-1997) and 2 (between 2005 and 2009) of the Midlife Development in the United States Survey. During Wave 1, participants reported the stressors they encountered across eight consecutive days. Within-person affective reactivity slopes indexi…
Associations Between Control Beliefs and Response Time Inconsistency in Older Adults Vary as a Function of Attentional Task Demands
Our findings suggest that control beliefs may have adaptive and maladaptive influences on RTI, depending on dimension of control beliefs, individual differences in level of control beliefs and age, as well as attentional task demands. Both for whom and when control beliefs can be leveraged to optimize cognitive aging are discussed
Reported exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors
A central goal of daily stress research is to identify resilience and vulnerability factors associated with exposure and reactivity to daily stressors. The present study examined how age differences and global perceptions of stress relate to exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors. Sixty-seven younger (M age = 20) and 116 older (M age = 80) adults completed a daily stress diary and measures of positive and negative affect on 6 days o…
Persons as Contexts
Relationships among multiple variables over time are of interest in many developmental areas and are frequently examined using time-varying predictors in multilevel models. Yet an incomplete specification of time-varying predictors will usually result in biased model effects. Specifically, the impact of constant, between-person sources of variation must be differentiated from the impact of time-specific, within-person sources of variation - that …
Intraindividual change and variability in daily stress processes
There is little longitudinal information on aging-related changes in emotional responses to negative events. In the present article, we examined intraindividual change and variability in the within-person coupling of daily stress and negative affect using data from 2 measurement-burst daily diary studies. Three main findings emerged. First, average reactivity to daily stress increased longitudinally, and this increase was evident across most of t…
Psychosocial and Biological Markers of Daily Lives of Midlife Parents of Children with Disabilities
Using daily telephone interviews, 82 midlife parents (mean age = 57.4) of children with disabilities (mean age = 29.9) were compared with a closely matched sample of unaffected parents (N = 82) to elucidate the daily experience of nonnormative parenting. In addition, salivary cortisol samples were obtained to examine whether parents of children with disabilities had dysregulated diurnal rhythms and the extent to which the amount of time spent wit…
Associations Between Cognitive Function and Naturally Occurring Daily Cortisol During Middle Adulthood
The results indicate that better CF is associated with healthier profiles of naturally occurring cortisol and underscore the importance of the timing of cortisol sampling
Intraindividual Coupling of Daily Stressors and Cognitive Interference in Old Age
These results support theoretical work regarding associations among stress, NA, and cognitive interference, both across persons and within persons over time
Racial Differences in Exposure and Reactivity to Daily Family Stressors
Using data from the National Study of Daily Experiences, the authors examined racial differences in exposure and reactivity to daily stressors involving family members. Respondents included African American and European American adults age 34 to 84 (N = 1,931) who participated in 8 days of daily interviews during which they reported on daily stressors, affect, and physical health symptoms. The results revealed racial similarities in family stress…
Emotional Reactivity and Mortality
Findings highlight the potential importance of dynamic aspects of positive affect in prediction of physical health outcomes such as mortality
A Double-Edged Sword
This study contributes to research on race and family ties by exploring racial differences in the direct effects of family support exchanges on daily well-being and the extent to which family support buffers/exacerbates stressor reactivity. African Americans and European Americans aged 34 to 84 years ( N = 1,931) from the National Study of Daily Experiences reported on family support exchanges (i.e., support received/support provided), daily stre…
Association of retirement age with mortality
BACKGROUND: Retirement is an important transitional process in later life. Despite a large body of research examining the impacts of health on retirement, questions still remain regarding the association of retirement age with survival. We aimed to examine the association between retirement age and mortality among healthy and unhealthy retirees and to investigate whether sociodemographic factors modified this association. METHODS: On the basis of…
A Comprehensive Comparison of Quantifications of Intraindividual Variability in Response Times
RTI reflects a novel dimension of performance that is a robust and theoretically informative predictor of BP and WP variation in cognitive function. Among the plenitude of RTI quantifications, not all are interchangeable, nor of comparable predictive utility
Age, Daily Stress Processes, and Allostatic Load
Objective: The present study examined age differences in the association between daily stressors and allostatic load. Method: Participants consisted of 317 adults (34-84 years) who participated in Waves 1 (1996-1997) and 2 (between 2005 and 2009) of the Midlife Development in the United States Survey. During Wave 1, participants reported the stressors they encountered across eight consecutive days. Within-person affective reactivity slopes indexi…
The Ups and Downs of Cognitive Function
Neuroticism predicts greater RTI irrespective of mean performance and this effect is driven largely by heightened negative emotionality that may be particularly detrimental for older adults
Associations Between Control Beliefs and Response Time Inconsistency in Older Adults Vary as a Function of Attentional Task Demands
Our findings suggest that control beliefs may have adaptive and maladaptive influences on RTI, depending on dimension of control beliefs, individual differences in level of control beliefs and age, as well as attentional task demands. Both for whom and when control beliefs can be leveraged to optimize cognitive aging are discussed
Women’s Self-Relevant Goal Pursuit in the Presence of Physical Pain
Our results suggest that pain interrupts regulation of a self-relevant goal at a within-person-not just between-person-daily level. Future work should consider how these daily, within-person, disruptions affect broader identity processes and overall well-being
Aging-related changes in the association between negative affect and response time inconsistency in older adulthood
Negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA) are established modifiable psychosocial correlates of cognitive health and have demonstrated capacity for meaningful within-person fluctuations based on person–environment interactions, age, and measurement approach. Previous research has shown NA is associated with increased response time inconsistency (RTI), an early performance-based indicator of cognitive health and aging. It is unclear, however, …
Religious and Spiritual Development from Adolescence to Early Adulthood in the U.S
Neighborhood safety concerns and daily well-being
People living in unsafe neighborhoods often report poor health. The reasons for this are multi-faceted, but one possibility is that unsafe neighborhoods create a situation of chronic stress, which may deplete people's resources to cope with the daily stressors of life. How people respond to daily stressors (e.g., with increased self-reported negative affect and physical symptoms) is positively associated with health problems and may thus be one p…
Resolution Status and Age as Moderators for Interpersonal Everyday Stress and Stressor-Related Affect
Unresolved everyday arguments and avoided arguments are differentially potent in terms of affective reactivity and residue, suggesting resolution may be crucial in emotional downregulation. Future work should focus on exploring resolution of other everyday stressors to garner a comprehensive understanding of what characteristics impact stressor-affect associations and for whom
How Much Does State Context Matter in Emergency Savings? Disentangling the Individual and Contextual Contributions of the Financial Capability Constructs
Computing Components of Everyday Stress Responses
Repeated assessments in everyday life enables collecting ecologically valid data on dynamic, within-persons processes. These methods have widespread utility and application and have been extensively used for the study of stressors and stress responses. Enhanced conceptual sophistication of characterizing intraindividual stress responses in everyday life would help advance the field. This article provides a pragmatic overview of approaches, opport…
Maturation or disruption? Conscientiousness development in the transition into adolescence
Research to date has shown longitudinal changes in conscientiousness during early and middle adolescence, but most studies have been conducted in Western countries. The present study aimed to examine the pattern of mean-level conscientiousness change at the transition into early adolescence among a Chinese sample using curve of factors (CUFFS) models. Four waves of data from 661 Chinese children aged 8 years old at baseline in the China Family Pa…
How Do Marital Transitions Affect Self-Perceptions of Aging
OBJECTIVES: We analyzed whether marital status and experiences of marital loss or gain were associated with self-perceptions of aging (SPA), a major psychosocial mechanism of healthy aging. METHOD: We used data from 7028 participants of the Health and Retirement Study. Participants reported their marital status and their positive and negative SPA on two occasions 4 years apart. We ran general linear models to analyze differences in SPA between me…
Daily Caregiving Appraisals, Future Self-Views, and Physical Activity Goals Among Adult-Daughter Dementia Caregivers
Results suggest that one pathway through which subjective caregiving experiences, especially negative caregiving appraisals, affect caregivers' physical activity goal pursuit is through future self-views. Thus, this study offers a deeper theoretical understanding of caregivers' self-regulatory health behavior and new empirical information on how caregiving might affect life-span developmental motivation
Affective Reactions to daily interpersonal stressors
The goal of this study was to examine whether family involvement and gender moderated daily changes in affect associated with interpersonal stressors. Adults ( N = 2022; Mage = 56.25, Median = 56, SD = 12.20, Range = 33-84) from the second wave of the National Study of Daily Experiences participated in eight consecutive daily diaries. Each day they reported whether a daily interpersonal stressor occurred, whether family was involved, and their po…
Psychology (26 works) · Developmental psychology (21 works) · Medicine (17 works) · Clinical Psychology (14 works) · Stressor (12 works) · Affect (linguistics (10 works) · Gerontology (10 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (10 works) · Aging and Gerontology Research (9 works) · Clinical Psychology (9 works)