Bruce B Duncan
Biographic Data
| ID | 150543 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Bruce B Duncan |
| GIVEN NAMES | Bruce B |
| FAMILY NAME | Duncan |
| SIGNATURE | DUNCAN B B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7491-2630 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 115 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 222 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 115 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1992 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
El efecto de las redistribuciones de códigos basura sobre la evolución de la mortalidad por enfermedades crónicas en Brasil, 2010 a 2019
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar la mortalidad prematura (30-69 años) para cuatro grupos prioritarios de ENT en Brasil de 2010 a 2019, comparando datos brutos y no ajustados del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad (SIM), datos del SIM ajustados por redistribución del CB y subregistro, y datos extraídos del estudio de la Carga Global de Enfermedad (CGE). Las tasas de mortalidad prematura por ENT disminuyeron en el período analizado. Aunque…
O efeito das redistribuições dos códigos garbage na evolução da mortalidade por Doenças Crônicas no Brasil, 2010 a 2019
O estudo objetivou estimar a mortalidade prematura (30 a 69 anos) por quatro grupos prioritários de DCNT no Brasil, no período de 2010 a 2019, comparando dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) brutos, sem correção, dados do SIM corrigidos pela redistribuição dos CG e sub-registro e dados extraídos do estudo Carga Global de Doenças (GBD). As taxas de mortalidade prematura por DCNT mostraram redução no período analisado. Embora os …
The effect of redistributions of garbage codes on the evolution of mortality from Chronic Diseases in Brazil, 2010 to 2019
This study aimed to estimate premature mortality (30-69 years) for four priority NCD groups in Brazil from 2010 to 2019, comparing crude data from the Mortality Information System (SIM), SIM data adjusted by GC redistribution and underreporting, and data extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Premature mortality rates due to NCDs declined in the period analyzed. Although the adjustment methods hardly changed temporal trends, we …
BrDMrisc – Online Brazilian Risk Score for Incident Type 2 Diabetes – Elsa-Brasil Cohort
OBJECTIVE: To describe the Brazilian Diabetes Risk Score (BrDMrisc), an online calculator for estimating the risk of developing diabetes in 10 years, comparing it to other commonly used screening approaches to identify high-risk of future diabetes. METHODS: BrDMrisc is derived from 7.4-year follow-up data from ELSA-Brasil, a contemporary Brazilian cohort. Risk functions to predict future diabetes were based on socioeconomic, lifestyle, clinical, …
Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050
BACKGROUND: Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) and provide a reference forecast (the most likely future), and alternativ…
Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021
BACKGROUND: Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 aims to provide comprehensive estimates of exposure levels, relative health risks, and attributable burden of disease for 88 ri…
Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021
BACKGROUND: Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy worldwide are valuable metrics to gauge progress in reducing mortality rates. These estimates are particularly important following large-scale mortality spikes, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. When systematically analysed, mort…
Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic
BACKGROUND: Estimates of demographic metrics are crucial to assess levels and trends of population health outcomes. The profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations worldwide has underscored the need for timely estimates to understand this unprecedented event within the context of long-term population health trends. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 provides new demographic estimates for 204 cou…
Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (Dalys), and healthy life expectancy (Hale) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territor…
BACKGROUND: Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury burden over time and across age groups, sexes, and locations. The availability of disease burden estimates can promote evidence-based interventions that enable public health researchers, policy makers, and other professionals to im…
Dynapenia and sarcopenia
Sarcopenia (the loss of muscle mass, strength and skeletal muscle function) increases mortality and the risk of hospitalization in the older population. Although it is known that older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk of dynapenia and sarcopenia, few studies have investigated these conditions in middle-aged populations. The objective of this study was to investigate whether T2DM, its duration, the presence of albumin…
Comparing diabetes prediction based on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
We aimed to compare nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) definitions concerning diabetes prediction in a large sample of Brazilian adults. As a secondary objective, we compared associations between NAFLD/MASLD and diabetes across self-declared race/skin color groups. The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) is a prospective cohort study of Brazilian civ…
Racial Inequities in the Control of Hypertension and the Explanatory Role of Residential Segregation
Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050
BACKGROUND: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes…
Association between Leisure-Time and Commute Physical Activity and Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (Elsa-Brasil)
LTPA was inversely associated with diabetes and pre-diabetes in the ELSA-Brasil participants. A different behavior was observed between genders
Liver steatosis as a predictor of incident diabetes in adults
Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes, and that NAFLD may precede and/or promote the development of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate whether liver steatosis is associated with the incidence of diabetes in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). The ELSA-Brasil is an occupational cohort study of active or retir…
Spatial clusters of diabetes
This study identified spatial clusters of type 2 diabetes mellitus among participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) residing in two cities and verified individual and neighborhood socioeconomic environmental characteristics associated with the spatial clusters. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 4,335 participants. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was defined as fasting blood glucose ≥ 126mg/dL (7.0mmol/L), ora…
Pandemic preparedness and Covid-19
BACKGROUND: National rates of COVID-19 infection and fatality have varied dramatically since the onset of the pandemic. Understanding the conditions associated with this cross-country variation is essential to guiding investment in more effective preparedness and response for future pandemics. METHODS: Daily SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 deaths for 177 countries and territories and 181 subnational locations were extracted from the Institute …
Estimating excess mortality due to the Covid-19 pandemic
BACKGROUND: Mortality statistics are fundamental to public health decision making. Mortality varies by time and location, and its measurement is affected by well known biases that have been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to estimate excess mortality from the COVID-19 pandemic in 191 countries and territories, and 252 subnational units for selected countries, from Jan 1, 2020, to Dec 31, 2021. METHODS: All-cause mortalit…
Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year
BACKGROUND: The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year. METHODS: For this analysis, we constructed burden-weighted dose-response relative risk curves across 22 health outcomes to esti…
IDF Diabetes Atlas
Diabetes autorreferido e fatores associados na população adulta brasileira
O estudo analisa a prevalência de diabetes autorreferido e fatores associados na população adulta brasileira. Estudo transversal usando a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019. Estimaram-se as prevalências e razões de prevalência brutas (RPb) e ajustadas (RPa) de diabetes autorreferido, com intervalos de confiança (IC95%), empregando-se regressão de Poisson. Nos 82.349 adultos, a prevalência de diabetes autorreferido foi de 7,7%. Associaram-se positiva…
Self-reported diabetes and factors associated with it in the Brazilian adult population
This study aims to analyze the prevalence of self-reported diabetes and its associated factors in the Brazilian adult population. It is a cross-sectional study using the 2019 National Health Survey. Prevalence and crude prevalence ratios (PRc) and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRa) of self-reported diabetes were estimated, with confidence intervals (95% CI), using Poisson regression. In the 82,349 adults, the prevalence of self-reported diabetes wa…
Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e obesidade abdominal
Objetivou-se analisar a associação entre consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e adiposidade abdominal em adultos. Estudo transversal realizado com dados da linha de base do ELSA-Brasil (2008-2010). A amostra foi constituída por 15.065 servidores públicos de seis instituições de ensino e pesquisa (35 a 74 anos, ambos os sexos). Para identificar adiposidade central por meio das medidas de circunferência da cintura (CC) e relação cintura/quadril (RCQ), uti…
Leisure Time Physical Activity and Sars-CoV-2 Infection among Elsa-Brasil Participants
The regular practice of physical activity (PA) can reduce the chance of aggravation of the disease and lower rates of hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19, but few studies have analyzed the association of PA with the risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between PA and self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection. A longitudinal study was conducted with data from 4476 ELSA-Brasil participants who had th…
Commentary on Education-Related Health Inequities in Noncommunicable Diseases
Trends in hospitalizations for primary care sensitive conditions following the implementation of Family Health Teams in Belo Horizonte, Brazil
OBJECTIVES: How to provide effective and efficient care to the burgeoning and aging populations of the major cities of low- and middle-income countries constitutes one of the principle public health issues of our times. We evaluated the Family Health Strategy, the Brazilian national health system's public approach to primary health care, in the major city of Belo Horizonte, describing trends and factors associated with hospitalizations for primar…
Avaliação da qualidade da atenção primária pelos profissionais de saúde
Em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, a rede pública de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) inclui as Unidades Básicas de Saúde tradicionais (UBS), a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), o Centro Saúde Escola Murialdo (CSEM) e o Serviço de Saúde Comunitária (SSC) do Grupo Hospitalar Conceição. O objetivo deste estudo é comparar a qualidade da atenção à saúde do adulto entre esses diferentes tipos de serviços. A qualidade da atenção foi medida por …
Validity of self-reported weight
In order to evaluate the validity of self-reported weight for use in obesity prevalence surveys, self-reported weight was compared to measured weight for 659 adults living in the Porto Alegre county, RS Brazil in 1986-87, both weights being obtained by a technician in the individual's home on the same visit. The mean difference between self-reported and measured weight was small (-0.06 +/- 3.16 kg; mean +/- standard deviation), and the correlatio…
Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Brasil
As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis representam a maior carga de morbimortalidade no Brasil. Em 2011, o Ministério da Saúde lançou seu Plano de Ações Estratégicas para o Enfrentamento das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis, enfatizando ações populacionais para controlar as doenças cardiovasculares, diabetes, câncer e doença respiratória crônica, predominantemente pelo controle do fumo, inatividade física, alimentação inadequada e uso prejudic…
Fatores de risco para doenças não-transmissíveis em área metropolitana na região sul do Brasil
Três quartos da mortalidade no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil) ocorrem por doenças não-transmissíveis. Dentre elas as doenças cardiovasculares, por si só, correspondem a 35% das causas de morte. Para avaliar a prevalência de fatores de risco para essas doenças, foi realizado inquérito domiciliar no período de 1986/87. Foram entrevistados 1.157 indivíduos entre 15-64 anos, residentes em setores censitários de 4 áreas docente-assistenciais do …
Assessment of weight gain during pregnancy in general prenatal care services in Brazil
Obesity is an emerging major health risk for women around the world. In this regard, little attention has been given to pregnancy, a moment of risk not only for major weight gain in these women, but also for macrosomia in their offspring. The objective of this study is to evaluate weight gain during pregnancy. Data pertains to a cohort of pregnant women attending general prenatal care clinics in six state capitals in Brazil, from 1991 to 1995. We…
Nutritional status of pregnant women
INTRODUCTION: Although obesity is well recognized as a current public health problem, its prevalence and impact among pregnant women have been less investigated in Brazil. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of pre-obesity and obesity among pregnant women, describing its prevalence and risk factors, and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: A cohort of 5,564 pregnant women, aged 20 years or more, enrolled a…
Chronic kidney disease among adult participants of the Elsa-Brasil cohort
BACKGROUND: There is increased interest in understanding why chronic kidney disease (CKD) rates vary across races and socioeconomic groups. We investigated the distribution of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and CKD according to these factors in Brazilian adults. METHODS: Using baseline data (2008-2010) of 14,636 public sector employees (35-74 years) enrolled in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study …
Ill-defined causes of death in Brazil
OBJECTIVE To propose a method of redistributing ill-defined causes of death (IDCD) based on the investigation of such causes.METHODS In 2010, an evaluation of the results of investigating the causes of death classified as IDCD in accordance with chapter 18 of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) by the Mortality Information System was performed. The redistribution coefficients were calculated according to the proportional distrib…
Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (Sisvan) em crianças do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Este estudo objetivou avaliar: cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN) no Rio Grande do Sul e suas Coordenadorias Regionais de Saúde em 2006; estado nutricional das crianças de 0-10 anos e a confiabilidade dos dados sobre estado nutricional registradas no sistema. Realizou-se estudo transversal descritivo de base secundária com 63.320 crianças. A cobertura baseou-se no número de menores de 10 anos cobertos pela Estraté…
Uso de medicamentos por gestantes em seis cidades brasileiras
OBJETIVO: Descrever os medicamentos utilizados por gestantes que fizeram o pré-natal em serviços do SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde) em cidades brasileiras. MÉTODOS: Utilizando-se um questionário estruturado, foram entrevistadas 5.564 gestantes entre a 21a e a 28a semanas de gravidez, que se apresentaram para consulta em serviço de pré-natal do SUS em seis grandes cidades brasileiras. As perguntas foram agrupadas em "uso orientado" para dor, cólica, …
Who, and what, causes health inequities? Reflections on emerging debates from an exploratory Latin American/North American workshop
Objective: To examine the associations between childhood socioeconomic and family circumstances, health and behavioural and cognitive development, and health and mental well-being outcomes in adulthood; exploring whether associations are different for cohorts born in 1958 and 1970, or for men and women. Design: Pooled analysis of two prospective, population-based, British birth cohort studies. Participants: 11 327 men and women born in 1958 and 1…
Prevalência de diabetes e hipertensão no Brasil baseada em inquérito de morbidade auto-referida, Brasil, 2006
OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de diabetes e de hipertensão auto-referidas e seus números absolutos no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dados referentes aos 54.369 indivíduos com idade >18 anos entrevistados pelo sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL), realizado nas 27 capitais brasileiras em 2006, que responderam positivamente a questões sobre pressão alta e diabetes. Os pe…
Fatores associados ao uso de medicamentos durante a gestação em seis cidades brasileiras
O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o uso de medicamentos durante a gravidez, segundo variáveis sócio-demográficas, em gestantes que fizeram o pré-natal em serviços do SUS em seis grandes cidades brasileiras. Utilizando-se um questionário estruturado, foram entrevistadas 5.564 gestantes que se apresentaram para consulta em serviço de pré-natal do SUS, participantes do Estudo Brasileiro de Diabetes Gestacional, entre 1991 e 1995. O uso de qualque…
Aspectos eticos em estudos longitudinais
Historicamente a discussão acerca da eticidade dos atos em pesquisas com seres humanos privilegiou os estudos experimentais, pelo maior potencial de danos aos sujeitos envolvidos. Todavia, os estudos observacionais também envolvem riscos e suscitam questões relevantes. Neste artigo pretende-se apresentar e discutir aspectos éticos do desenvolvimento do ELSA-Brasil, um estudo longitudinal e multicêntrico, com financiamento público, no qual os suje…
Obesity and gestational weight gain
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between pre-gestational obesity and weight gain with cesarean delivery and labor complications. METHODS: A total of 4,486 women 20-28 weeks pregnant attending general prenatal care clinics of the national health system in Brazil from 1991 to 1995 were enrolled and followed up through birth. Body mass index categories based on prepregnancy weight and total weight gain were calculated. Associations between body …
Consumption of ultra-processed foods and socioeconomic position
The objective of the study was to estimate the contribution of ultra-processed foods to total caloric intake and investigate whether it differs according to socioeconomic position. We analyzed baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil 2008-2010; N = 14.378) and data on dietary intake using a food frequency questionnaire, assigning it into three categories: unprocessed or minimally processed foods and process…
Fatores associados ao fumo em gestantes avaliadas em cidades brasileiras
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a correlação dos fatores sociodemográficos e estilo de vida com o hábito de fumar em gestantes atendidas em hospitais. MÉTODOS: O delineamento foi o de um estudo transversal. A amostra foi composta por 5.539 gestantes atendidas em ambulatórios de pré-natal em hospitais públicos credenciados nas cidades de Manaus, Fortaleza, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Porto Alegre, entre 1991 e 1995. A seleção foi consecutiva para toda…
Infarto do miocárdio e acidente vascular cerebral associados à alta temperatura e monóxido de carbono em área metropolitana do sudeste do Brasil
Muito se tem publicado e discutido acerca de fatores de risco ligados a estilo de vida e a fatores hereditários em Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) e Infarto do Miocárdio (IM). Porém o estudo da influência de fatores ambientais como poluição por monóxido de carbono e temperatura na determinação nas ocorrências dessas patologias ainda é pouco discutido em nosso meio. Visando preencher esta lacuna, foi verificada a associação existente entre os val…
Gerencia de Informacao em Estudos Multicentricos
A gerência da informação em estudos multicêntricos de grande porte requer uma abordagem especializada. O Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) criou um Centro de Dados para delinear e gerenciar seu sistema de dados. O objetivo do artigo foi descrever os passos envolvidos, incluindo os métodos de entrada, transmissão e gerência de informações. Foi desenvolvido um sistema web que permitiu, de forma segura e confidencial, a entrada on…
Delineamento e implementacao do biobanco do Elsa-Brasil
O Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) é uma coorte prospectiva multicêntrica de funcionários públicos delineada para avaliar os determinantes das doenças crônicas, principalmente a doença cardiovascular e o diabetes tipo 2. Neste artigo são descritos os principais pontos do delineamento e implementação do projeto do biobanco do ELSA-Brasil. São detalhados aspectos econômicos, políticos, logísticos e tecnológicos do estudo. O arti…
Análise econômica de programa para rastreamento do diabetes mellitus no Brasil
OBJETIVO: Diabetes mellitus é um problema de saúde pública com elevado ônus social e econômico, cujo diagnóstico é desconhecido em metade dos indivíduos portadores. Em 2001, o Ministério da Saúde realizou a Campanha Nacional para a Detecção do Diabetes Mellitus. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi estimar o impacto econômico e o rendimento desse rastreamento populacional. MÉTODOS: Baseado no número de rastreados com resultados positivos (glicemia cap…
Similarities in mortality patterns from influenza in the first half of the 20th century and the rise and fall of ischemic heart disease in the United States
The classic risk factors for developing coronary heart disease (CHD) explain less than 50% of the decrease in mortality observed since 1950. The transition currently under way, from the degenerative to the infectious-inflammatory paradigm, requires a new causal interpretation of temporal trends. The following is an ecological study based on data from the United States showing that in men and women an association between the age distribution of mo…
Liver steatosis as a predictor of incident diabetes in adults
Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes, and that NAFLD may precede and/or promote the development of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate whether liver steatosis is associated with the incidence of diabetes in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). The ELSA-Brasil is an occupational cohort study of active or retir…
Spatial clusters of diabetes
This study identified spatial clusters of type 2 diabetes mellitus among participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) residing in two cities and verified individual and neighborhood socioeconomic environmental characteristics associated with the spatial clusters. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 4,335 participants. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was defined as fasting blood glucose ≥ 126mg/dL (7.0mmol/L), ora…
Serving the homeless mentally ill
A substantial amount of research on homeless mentally ill individuals within the last 5 years has clarified their numbers, characteristics, and service needs. Research is lacking, however, on effective service models. A Mental Health Linkage model is presented, derived from practice principles in the literature, including outreach, community integration of mental health services, and meeting clients on their terms. The model is described and data…
Validity of self-reported weight
In order to evaluate the validity of self-reported weight for use in obesity prevalence surveys, self-reported weight was compared to measured weight for 659 adults living in the Porto Alegre county, RS Brazil in 1986-87, both weights being obtained by a technician in the individual's home on the same visit. The mean difference between self-reported and measured weight was small (-0.06 +/- 3.16 kg; mean +/- standard deviation), and the correlatio…
Infarto do miocárdio e acidente vascular cerebral associados à alta temperatura e monóxido de carbono em área metropolitana do sudeste do Brasil
Muito se tem publicado e discutido acerca de fatores de risco ligados a estilo de vida e a fatores hereditários em Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) e Infarto do Miocárdio (IM). Porém o estudo da influência de fatores ambientais como poluição por monóxido de carbono e temperatura na determinação nas ocorrências dessas patologias ainda é pouco discutido em nosso meio. Visando preencher esta lacuna, foi verificada a associação existente entre os val…
Fatores de risco para doenças não-transmissíveis em área metropolitana na região sul do Brasil
Três quartos da mortalidade no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil) ocorrem por doenças não-transmissíveis. Dentre elas as doenças cardiovasculares, por si só, correspondem a 35% das causas de morte. Para avaliar a prevalência de fatores de risco para essas doenças, foi realizado inquérito domiciliar no período de 1986/87. Foram entrevistados 1.157 indivíduos entre 15-64 anos, residentes em setores censitários de 4 áreas docente-assistenciais do …
Nutritional status of pregnant women
INTRODUCTION: Although obesity is well recognized as a current public health problem, its prevalence and impact among pregnant women have been less investigated in Brazil. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of pre-obesity and obesity among pregnant women, describing its prevalence and risk factors, and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: A cohort of 5,564 pregnant women, aged 20 years or more, enrolled a…
Uso de medicamentos por gestantes em seis cidades brasileiras
OBJETIVO: Descrever os medicamentos utilizados por gestantes que fizeram o pré-natal em serviços do SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde) em cidades brasileiras. MÉTODOS: Utilizando-se um questionário estruturado, foram entrevistadas 5.564 gestantes entre a 21a e a 28a semanas de gravidez, que se apresentaram para consulta em serviço de pré-natal do SUS em seis grandes cidades brasileiras. As perguntas foram agrupadas em "uso orientado" para dor, cólica, …
Assessment of weight gain during pregnancy in general prenatal care services in Brazil
Obesity is an emerging major health risk for women around the world. In this regard, little attention has been given to pregnancy, a moment of risk not only for major weight gain in these women, but also for macrosomia in their offspring. The objective of this study is to evaluate weight gain during pregnancy. Data pertains to a cohort of pregnant women attending general prenatal care clinics in six state capitals in Brazil, from 1991 to 1995. We…
Similarities in mortality patterns from influenza in the first half of the 20th century and the rise and fall of ischemic heart disease in the United States
The classic risk factors for developing coronary heart disease (CHD) explain less than 50% of the decrease in mortality observed since 1950. The transition currently under way, from the degenerative to the infectious-inflammatory paradigm, requires a new causal interpretation of temporal trends. The following is an ecological study based on data from the United States showing that in men and women an association between the age distribution of mo…
A nationwide population screening program for diabetes in Brazil
The massive response to the campaign attests to the potential that this type of program has to raise diabetes awareness and to set the stage for capacity-building at the primary care level
Fatores associados ao fumo em gestantes avaliadas em cidades brasileiras
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a correlação dos fatores sociodemográficos e estilo de vida com o hábito de fumar em gestantes atendidas em hospitais. MÉTODOS: O delineamento foi o de um estudo transversal. A amostra foi composta por 5.539 gestantes atendidas em ambulatórios de pré-natal em hospitais públicos credenciados nas cidades de Manaus, Fortaleza, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Porto Alegre, entre 1991 e 1995. A seleção foi consecutiva para toda…
Fatores associados ao uso de medicamentos durante a gestação em seis cidades brasileiras
O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o uso de medicamentos durante a gravidez, segundo variáveis sócio-demográficas, em gestantes que fizeram o pré-natal em serviços do SUS em seis grandes cidades brasileiras. Utilizando-se um questionário estruturado, foram entrevistadas 5.564 gestantes que se apresentaram para consulta em serviço de pré-natal do SUS, participantes do Estudo Brasileiro de Diabetes Gestacional, entre 1991 e 1995. O uso de qualque…
Análise econômica de programa para rastreamento do diabetes mellitus no Brasil
OBJETIVO: Diabetes mellitus é um problema de saúde pública com elevado ônus social e econômico, cujo diagnóstico é desconhecido em metade dos indivíduos portadores. Em 2001, o Ministério da Saúde realizou a Campanha Nacional para a Detecção do Diabetes Mellitus. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi estimar o impacto econômico e o rendimento desse rastreamento populacional. MÉTODOS: Baseado no número de rastreados com resultados positivos (glicemia cap…
Obesity and gestational weight gain
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between pre-gestational obesity and weight gain with cesarean delivery and labor complications. METHODS: A total of 4,486 women 20-28 weeks pregnant attending general prenatal care clinics of the national health system in Brazil from 1991 to 1995 were enrolled and followed up through birth. Body mass index categories based on prepregnancy weight and total weight gain were calculated. Associations between body …
Waist circumference in the prediction of obesity-related adverse pregnancy outcomes
The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic properties of waist circumference in the prediction of obesity-related gestational outcomes. Pregnant women 20 years or older were consecutively enrolled in six Brazilian State capitals from 1991 to 1995. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured and an oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Patients were followed through childbirth by chart review. Diagnostic performance for the…
Análise do impacto econômico-assistencial de duas abordagens para redução de custos em um plano odontológico de autogestão
O presente estudo avaliou a assistência odontológica fornecida a cerca de 4 mil funcionários e dependentes de um hospital privado. A análise foi dividida em três momentos: (1) linha de base (controle): quando a assistência odontológica fornecida era terceirizada por uma empresa que operava com rede credenciada, (2) quando houve uma renegociação de preços com a prestadora original e (3) quando a assistência era feita por um serviço de odontologia …
Satisfação dos usuários da rede de Atenção Primária de Porto Alegre
A satisfação dos usuários é um importante desfecho para avaliar serviços de saúde. Este estudo trata-se de uma avaliação do grau de satisfação dos usuários em relação à última consulta realizada na rede de atenção primária A saúde de Porto Alegre-RS, tendo como objetivo comparar a satisfação de usuários que avaliam a qualidade do processo de atenção recebida corno sendo de alto escore de APS com a de usuários que a avaliam corno baixo escore de A…
Dietary fibre intake of pregnant women attending general practices in southern Brazil – The Eccage Study
Background Increase in fibre intake during pregnancy may reduce weight gain, glucose intolerance, dyslipidaemia, pre-eclampsia and constipation. Few studies have evaluated adequacy of fibre intake during pregnancy. Objective To assess, through an FFQ, the dietary fibre intake of pregnant women receiving prenatal care from general public practices and compare it with current guidelines. Design and setting Cross-sectional analyses of a pregnancy co…
Prevalência de diabetes e hipertensão no Brasil baseada em inquérito de morbidade auto-referida, Brasil, 2006
OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de diabetes e de hipertensão auto-referidas e seus números absolutos no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dados referentes aos 54.369 indivíduos com idade >18 anos entrevistados pelo sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL), realizado nas 27 capitais brasileiras em 2006, que responderam positivamente a questões sobre pressão alta e diabetes. Os pe…
Who, and what, causes health inequities? Reflections on emerging debates from an exploratory Latin American/North American workshop
Objective: To examine the associations between childhood socioeconomic and family circumstances, health and behavioural and cognitive development, and health and mental well-being outcomes in adulthood; exploring whether associations are different for cohorts born in 1958 and 1970, or for men and women. Design: Pooled analysis of two prospective, population-based, British birth cohort studies. Participants: 11 327 men and women born in 1958 and 1…
Chronic non-communicable diseases in Brazil
P2-76 Antibiotics for hepatic encephalopathy
Objective To assess the effectiveness of antibiotics in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Data sources Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group controlled trials register, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, MEDLINE, LILACS, SCI Expanded, Embase and http://clinicaltrials.gov/ until January 2010; reference lists of relevant articles and authors were searched. Review methods The methodological approach outlined in the Cochrane Handbook was follow…
P1-136 Second and third trimesters pregnancy weight gain
Background The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has recently made new recommendations for total and trimester gestational weight gain. However, deviates from recommended weight gain according to gestational trimester have been little investigated with regard to obstetric outcomes. Objectives To investigate association between weekly weight gain during second and third trimesters, and maternal and fetal outcomes, taking into account pregestational body…
P1-420 Fibre intake and evolution of body mass index
Background Postpartum weight retention is important risk factor for obesity in reproductive age women. The role of fibre intake still needs clarification, being among those dietetic factors that may be associated with a positive evolution of postpartum weight variation. Objectives To evaluate the effect of fibre intake on the evolution of maternal body mass index (BMI) from pregnancy to postpartum, and to identify dietary patterns associated with…
P2-68 Trends in chronic disease mortality in Brazil, 1996–2007
Background In recognition of the large burden and economic impact of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs), especially in low and middle income countries, the WHO has proposed a goal of an additional 2% reduction in mortality rates per year over current trends, and the United Nations is holding a High level Meeting on NCDs in September, 2011. Objective To describe recent NCD mortality trends in Brazil, a middle-income country, taking into acco…
Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (Sisvan) em crianças do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Este estudo objetivou avaliar: cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN) no Rio Grande do Sul e suas Coordenadorias Regionais de Saúde em 2006; estado nutricional das crianças de 0-10 anos e a confiabilidade dos dados sobre estado nutricional registradas no sistema. Realizou-se estudo transversal descritivo de base secundária com 63.320 crianças. A cobertura baseou-se no número de menores de 10 anos cobertos pela Estraté…
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