Christopher R Wolfe
Biographic Data
| ID | 153816 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Christopher R Wolfe |
| GIVEN NAMES | Christopher R |
| FAMILY NAME | Wolfe |
| SIGNATURE | WOLFE C R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Miami University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6095-9457 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 16 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 42 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 16 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1994 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
The effects of memes on perceptions and decision making
Framing Biases in Plea Bargaining Decisions
Straight from the horse’s mouth
During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was important for people to be able to comprehend information about mRNA vaccination. Moderna and Pfizer were two of the largest distributors of mRN vaccinations, and their websites provided information about how mRNA vaccinations work. Applying the tenets of Fuzzy-trace Theory (FTT), we calculated Gist Inference Scores (GIS) to assess the extent to which texts taken from Moderna and Pfizer websites facilitate gis…
Written Arguments About Vaccination
Guided by argumentation schema theory, we conducted five psychological studies in the United States and China on arguments about vaccination. Study 1 replicated research about arguments on several topics, finding that agreement judgments are weighted toward claims, whereas quality judgments are weighted toward reasons. However, consistent with recent research, when this paradigm was extended to arguments about vaccination (Study 2), claims receiv…
Gist Inference Scores Predict Cloze Comprehension “In Your Own Words” for Native, Not ESL Readers
Three patient education texts from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) were subjected to a Coh-Metrix analysis, then further analyzed to obtain Gist Inference Scores (GIS), a new measure of the likelihood that readers will make appropriate inferences about a text's bottom-line meaning. In the GIS formula, the Coh-Metrix psycholinguistic variables referential cohesion, deep cohesion, and latent semantic analysis (LSA) verb overlap increase GIS bec…
Pumps and Prompts for Gist Explanations in Tutorial Dialogues About Breast Cancer
Fuzzy-Trace Theory (FTT) generalizes research on discourse to predict how health messages can be better understood and remembered, thereby influencing decision making. Applying FTT, BRCA Gist delivers messages interactively through tutorial dialogues and is the first Intelligent Tutoring System designed to help laypeople make sound medical decisions. Previous research indicates that BRCA Gist helps people form useful “gist explanations,” which le…
On Judgments of Approximately Equal
Although precision is often important in quantitative judgment, sometimes, it is valuable to recognize that two quantities are roughly the same. Fuzzy‐trace theory suggests that approximately equal judgments rely on gist representations (i.e., meaningful fuzzy categories of quantity). We conducted three experiments to investigate approximately equal judgments with number pairs presented in different formats, both with and without semantic content…
E-Communications Platforms and E-Learning
Are People Naïve Probability Theorists? A Further Examination of the Probability Theory + Variation Model
Two experiments tested predictions derived from the Probability Theory + Variation (PTV) model. PTV model assumes that judgments follow probability theory, but systematic errors arise from noise in the judgments. Experiment 1 compared the PTV model to a configural weighted averaging model in joint probability judgment and found more support for the PTV model in diagnostic cases. Specifically, noise was negatively correlated with semantic coherenc…
Semantic Coherence and Inconsistency in Estimating Conditional Probabilities
Two studies examined semantic coherence and internal inconsistency fallacies in conditional probability estimation. Problems reflected five distinct relationships between two sets: identical sets, mutually exclusive sets, subsets, overlapping sets, and independent sets (a special case of overlapping sets). Participants estimated P(A), P(B), P(A|B), and P(B|A). Inconsistency occurs when this constellation of estimates does not conform to Bayes' th…
Semantic coherence and fallacies in estimating joint probabilities
In three experiments on joint probability estimation, gist representations were manipulated with analogies, and the suboptimal strategy of ignoring relevant denominators was counteracted with training in using 2 × 2 tables to clarify joint probability estimates. The estimated probabilities of two events, as well as their conjunctive and disjunctive probabilities, were assessed against two benchmarks, logical fallacies and semantic coherence—a con…
Targeted Assessment Rubric
I Agreed with What? Memory for Simple Argument Claims
Three experiments were conducted to examine how precisely readers recall the claims of arguments that they have just read. Participants read simple, 2-clause arguments such as, “The U.S. is right to intervene in other countries' affairs because local events can catastrophically impact the entire world.” Participants then evaluated each argument with respect to agreement or fit and recalled either the claim or the complete argument. The first 2 ex…
The Contextual Impact of Social Support Across Race and Gender
Over the past 2 decades, the interrelationship among the concepts of social support, stress, and psycho-physiological well-being has undergone much scrutiny in the professional literature. More recently, the many challenges posed by the reality of this country's increasingly diversified workplace have received attention by both social work practitioners and researchers alike. The area that remains largely unstudied is the intersection of these tw…
Information seeking on Bayesian conditional probability problems
Recently, the ‘heuristics and biases’ approach to the study of decision making has been criticized, with a call for better integrated theory. Three experiments stemming from fuzzy‐trace theory addressed information seeking on probability problems, and the cognitive representation of hit‐rates, base‐rates, and the contrapositive. As predicted by the fuzzy‐trace principle of ‘denominator neglect’, many subjects exhibited ‘conversion errors’, confus…
With a Little Help from Our Friends
The relationship between one's psycho-emotional and physiological health has long been of interest to social scientists. While many factors have been examined for their impact on causation and prevention, over the past two decades the concepts of social support, stress and well-being have undergone much scrutiny. In this article the authors provide empirical data to enhance our understanding of the interrelatedness of these three concepts. Based …
Information seeking on Bayesian conditional probability problems
Recently, the ‘heuristics and biases’ approach to the study of decision making has been criticized, with a call for better integrated theory. Three experiments stemming from fuzzy‐trace theory addressed information seeking on probability problems, and the cognitive representation of hit‐rates, base‐rates, and the contrapositive. As predicted by the fuzzy‐trace principle of ‘denominator neglect’, many subjects exhibited ‘conversion errors’, confus…
I Agreed with What? Memory for Simple Argument Claims
Three experiments were conducted to examine how precisely readers recall the claims of arguments that they have just read. Participants read simple, 2-clause arguments such as, “The U.S. is right to intervene in other countries' affairs because local events can catastrophically impact the entire world.” Participants then evaluated each argument with respect to agreement or fit and recalled either the claim or the complete argument. The first 2 ex…
Semantic coherence and fallacies in estimating joint probabilities
In three experiments on joint probability estimation, gist representations were manipulated with analogies, and the suboptimal strategy of ignoring relevant denominators was counteracted with training in using 2 × 2 tables to clarify joint probability estimates. The estimated probabilities of two events, as well as their conjunctive and disjunctive probabilities, were assessed against two benchmarks, logical fallacies and semantic coherence—a con…
Semantic Coherence and Inconsistency in Estimating Conditional Probabilities
Two studies examined semantic coherence and internal inconsistency fallacies in conditional probability estimation. Problems reflected five distinct relationships between two sets: identical sets, mutually exclusive sets, subsets, overlapping sets, and independent sets (a special case of overlapping sets). Participants estimated P(A), P(B), P(A|B), and P(B|A). Inconsistency occurs when this constellation of estimates does not conform to Bayes' th…
Targeted Assessment Rubric
With a Little Help from Our Friends
The relationship between one's psycho-emotional and physiological health has long been of interest to social scientists. While many factors have been examined for their impact on causation and prevention, over the past two decades the concepts of social support, stress and well-being have undergone much scrutiny. In this article the authors provide empirical data to enhance our understanding of the interrelatedness of these three concepts. Based …
Framing Biases in Plea Bargaining Decisions
With a Little Help from Our Friends
The relationship between one's psycho-emotional and physiological health has long been of interest to social scientists. While many factors have been examined for their impact on causation and prevention, over the past two decades the concepts of social support, stress and well-being have undergone much scrutiny. In this article the authors provide empirical data to enhance our understanding of the interrelatedness of these three concepts. Based …
Information seeking on Bayesian conditional probability problems
Recently, the ‘heuristics and biases’ approach to the study of decision making has been criticized, with a call for better integrated theory. Three experiments stemming from fuzzy‐trace theory addressed information seeking on probability problems, and the cognitive representation of hit‐rates, base‐rates, and the contrapositive. As predicted by the fuzzy‐trace principle of ‘denominator neglect’, many subjects exhibited ‘conversion errors’, confus…
The Contextual Impact of Social Support Across Race and Gender
Over the past 2 decades, the interrelationship among the concepts of social support, stress, and psycho-physiological well-being has undergone much scrutiny in the professional literature. More recently, the many challenges posed by the reality of this country's increasingly diversified workplace have received attention by both social work practitioners and researchers alike. The area that remains largely unstudied is the intersection of these tw…
I Agreed with What? Memory for Simple Argument Claims
Three experiments were conducted to examine how precisely readers recall the claims of arguments that they have just read. Participants read simple, 2-clause arguments such as, “The U.S. is right to intervene in other countries' affairs because local events can catastrophically impact the entire world.” Participants then evaluated each argument with respect to agreement or fit and recalled either the claim or the complete argument. The first 2 ex…
Semantic coherence and fallacies in estimating joint probabilities
In three experiments on joint probability estimation, gist representations were manipulated with analogies, and the suboptimal strategy of ignoring relevant denominators was counteracted with training in using 2 × 2 tables to clarify joint probability estimates. The estimated probabilities of two events, as well as their conjunctive and disjunctive probabilities, were assessed against two benchmarks, logical fallacies and semantic coherence—a con…
Targeted Assessment Rubric
Semantic Coherence and Inconsistency in Estimating Conditional Probabilities
Two studies examined semantic coherence and internal inconsistency fallacies in conditional probability estimation. Problems reflected five distinct relationships between two sets: identical sets, mutually exclusive sets, subsets, overlapping sets, and independent sets (a special case of overlapping sets). Participants estimated P(A), P(B), P(A|B), and P(B|A). Inconsistency occurs when this constellation of estimates does not conform to Bayes' th…
Are People Naïve Probability Theorists? A Further Examination of the Probability Theory + Variation Model
Two experiments tested predictions derived from the Probability Theory + Variation (PTV) model. PTV model assumes that judgments follow probability theory, but systematic errors arise from noise in the judgments. Experiment 1 compared the PTV model to a configural weighted averaging model in joint probability judgment and found more support for the PTV model in diagnostic cases. Specifically, noise was negatively correlated with semantic coherenc…
E-Communications Platforms and E-Learning
On Judgments of Approximately Equal
Although precision is often important in quantitative judgment, sometimes, it is valuable to recognize that two quantities are roughly the same. Fuzzy‐trace theory suggests that approximately equal judgments rely on gist representations (i.e., meaningful fuzzy categories of quantity). We conducted three experiments to investigate approximately equal judgments with number pairs presented in different formats, both with and without semantic content…
Pumps and Prompts for Gist Explanations in Tutorial Dialogues About Breast Cancer
Fuzzy-Trace Theory (FTT) generalizes research on discourse to predict how health messages can be better understood and remembered, thereby influencing decision making. Applying FTT, BRCA Gist delivers messages interactively through tutorial dialogues and is the first Intelligent Tutoring System designed to help laypeople make sound medical decisions. Previous research indicates that BRCA Gist helps people form useful “gist explanations,” which le…
Gist Inference Scores Predict Cloze Comprehension “In Your Own Words” for Native, Not ESL Readers
Three patient education texts from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) were subjected to a Coh-Metrix analysis, then further analyzed to obtain Gist Inference Scores (GIS), a new measure of the likelihood that readers will make appropriate inferences about a text's bottom-line meaning. In the GIS formula, the Coh-Metrix psycholinguistic variables referential cohesion, deep cohesion, and latent semantic analysis (LSA) verb overlap increase GIS bec…
Written Arguments About Vaccination
Guided by argumentation schema theory, we conducted five psychological studies in the United States and China on arguments about vaccination. Study 1 replicated research about arguments on several topics, finding that agreement judgments are weighted toward claims, whereas quality judgments are weighted toward reasons. However, consistent with recent research, when this paradigm was extended to arguments about vaccination (Study 2), claims receiv…
Straight from the horse’s mouth
During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was important for people to be able to comprehend information about mRNA vaccination. Moderna and Pfizer were two of the largest distributors of mRN vaccinations, and their websites provided information about how mRNA vaccinations work. Applying the tenets of Fuzzy-trace Theory (FTT), we calculated Gist Inference Scores (GIS) to assess the extent to which texts taken from Moderna and Pfizer websites facilitate gis…
Framing Biases in Plea Bargaining Decisions
The effects of memes on perceptions and decision making
Psychology (13 works) · Computer Science (12 works) · Artificial Intelligence (6 works) · Cognitive psychology (6 works) · Medicine (6 works) · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics (5 works) · Mathematics (5 works) · Social Psychology (5 works) · Statistics (5 works) · Comprehension (4 works)