Frank Asbrock
Biographic Data
| ID | 1540404 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Frank Asbrock |
| GIVEN NAMES | Frank |
| FAMILY NAME | Asbrock |
| SIGNATURE | ASBROCK F |
| AFFILIATIONS | Chemnitz University of Technology |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6348-2946 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 29 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 159 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 29 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
The whole picture
In 2025, The Telegraph published an article titled “Greta Thunberg’s narcissism has escalated to terrifying levels”, portraying the activist’s planned travel to Gaza and example of “hollow virtue” and warning that such activism is “dangerous” (O’Neill, 2025 ). Public claims that political activism reflects narcissistic or sinister motives highlight widespread interest in the psychological roots of political attitudes, mirrored in media attention …
Rebels With(Out) a Cause
In recent decades, women’s representation in power positions has increased alongside a global decline in anti-egalitarian biases. These egalitarian shifts provide the ideal context to examine the boundary conditions of the motivators of group-based inequality. Accordingly, we investigate the possibility that rising gender equality over the last 14 years has attenuated the relationship between group-based (anti-)egalitarianism (namely, social domi…
Untergräbt Kriminalitätsfurcht das Vertrauen in die Polizei
Numerous cross-sectional studies have revealed positive associations of fear of crime and trust in the police. However, the ›chicken or egg‹-question remains unsolved in these works. To address this issue, the present inquiry uses longitudinal survey data for determining the influence of crime-related fears on public attitudes towards the police. Secondary analyses of a German panel study show that fear of crime does not affect confidence in the …
Social dominance orientation and perceptions of gender discrimination
Across four studies ( N = 1,300), we examined how social dominance orientation (SDO) relates to perceptions of gender discrimination in organizations. We propose a discrepancy account: discrimination judgments reflect perceived gaps between prescriptive and descriptive fairness norms, and higher SDO is associated with perceiving smaller gaps and thus lower discrimination perceptions. In Studies 1a and 1b, higher SDO was linked to lower perceived …
Psychologie der Rechtsradikalisierung
Wie radikalisieren sich Menschen und warum ist die Empfänglichkeit für rechte Radikalisierungsdynamiken aktuell besonders hoch? Dieses Buch bietet Einblicke in die psychologische Forschung zu diesen Fragen. Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler stellen in prägnanter und verständlicher Weise Erkenntnisse und Forschungslücken dar. Die Beiträge diskutieren insbesondere die motivationale Bedeutung von Verlust- und Benachteiligungserfahrungen, das …
Should the city be for everyone? The relationship between worldviews, ideological attitudes, and the approval of hostile design
Expanding upon Duckitt's dual‐process motivational model of ideology and prejudice (DPM; Duckitt, 2001), this research explores the psychological underpinnings of the approval of hostile design (AoHD) measures. Hostile design measures are interventions designed to deter undesirable behaviours and specific social groups in urban areas. Across three correlational studies ( N = 798) conducted in Germany and the US, we investigated the relationship b…
Older Adults’ Stereotypes of and Attitudes Toward Younger Adults and Intergenerational Contact Frequency
Affective attitudes and stereotypes of older toward younger adults influence intergenerational contact experiences and are shaped by them. To capture contemporary stereotypes about young men and women, in Study 1 (N = 112), we collected stereotypes in older adults' own words. In Study 2 (N = 225), we collected ratings on these stereotypes and showed that negative contact correlated higher with stereotyping than positive contact, while affective a…
The impact of bionic prostheses on users' self-perceptions
Bionic devices for reestablishing or augmenting users' capabilities (e.g., bionic prostheses or exoskeletons) are becoming increasingly common. While prior research examined how such devices affect others' perceptions of their users, little is known about how these devices affect users' self-image and -perception, and the corresponding theory is scarce. To account for this gap, we conducted semi-structured interviews with users of bionic upper li…
Tagungsbericht „24 h of Political Psychology“ – Jahrestagung 2022 des German Political Psychology Network
Article Tagungsbericht „24 h of Political Psychology“ – Jahrestagung 2022 des German Political Psychology Network was published on June 1, 2022 in the journal Forschungsjournal Soziale Bewegungen (volume 35, issue 2)
Pro-diversity beliefs and intergroup relations
Modern societies and organisations are becoming increasingly diverse, leading many to argue that diversity should be valued because it can benefit teams, organisations and societies more widely. Considerable attention in both organisational and social psychological research has been devoted to so-called pro-diversity beliefs (i.e. the idea that diversity has an instrumental value to groups), and the consequences of these for various outcomes. In …
Die trägt ja als Deutsche ein Kopftuch“ – Der Einfluss autoritärer Einstellungen auf die Wahrnehmung der Verletzung kultureller Normen
Muslimische Symbole werden häufig als eine von außen herangetragene Bedrohung kultureller Werte in Deutschland wahrgenommen. Was geschieht aber, wenn Mitglieder der eigenen Gruppe diese Symbole verwenden? In der vorliegenden Studie sind wir der Frage nachgegangen, wie deutsche Frauen wahrgenommen werden, die das Kopftuch Al-Amira, tragen. Nach dem Black Sheep Effekt werden Normverstöße durch Mitglieder der Eigengruppe stärker geahndet als durch M…
Right‐wing authoritarianism and majority members’ preferences for minority acculturation
The present research examines the role of right‐wing authoritarianism for the formation of majority members’ attitudes towards minority members’ contribution to the acculturation process. Previous research has confirmed the link between right‐wing authoritarianism and majority members’ acculturation preferences. Nonetheless, a test of their longitudinal relationship was still lacking. Using data from a 3‐wave panel study in Germany, we demonstrat…
What Mediates the Relationship Between Ethnic Discrimination and Stress? Coping Strategies and Perceived Social Support of Russian Immigrants in Germany
The present study revealed that Russian immigrants encounter different forms of ethnic discrimination, and that this is associated with higher levels of stress. This association was partly explained by coping and social support, illustrating possibilities for interventions aimed at improving the use of adaptive coping strategies and promoting social support-seeking for Russian immigrants
Diskriminierungserfahrungen und ihre Folgen für die Betroffenen
Stereotype content of refugee subgroups in Germany
Stereotypes of refugee subgroups are still understudied. We contribute to this body of research by investigating differences in stereotype content, meaning warmth and competence ratings, of refugee subgroups in Germany ( N = 264). Most extant Stereotype Content Model research is based on observed warmth and competence mean values. We applied latent variable modelling using the alignment optimisation to ensure meaningful and reliable mean value co…
Salience of Category
Meet Your Neighbours. Authoritarians Engage in Intergroup Contact When They have the Opportunity
Research indicates that authoritarians tend to avoid intergroup contact. This study tested the hypothesis that living in a neighbourhood with a higher proportion of Asian peoples increases the likelihood of contact with them for the majority (New Zealand Europeans), and that this effect should increase intergroup contact for authoritarians. Multi‐level Random Coefficient Modelling of data from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study ( N = 3903…
“Michael can’t read!” Teachers’ gender stereotypes and boys’ reading self-concept.
According to expectancy-value theory, the gender stereotypes of significant others such as parents, peers, or teachers affect students’ competence beliefs, values, and achievement-related behavior. Stereotypically, gender beliefs about reading favor girls. The aim of this study was to investigate whether teachers’ gender stereotypes in relation to reading—their belief that girls outperform boys—have a negative effect on the reading self-concept o…
When immigrant groups “misbehave”
In two studies, we tested the relationship between non‐immigrant individuals' perceptions of deviant behavior carried out by Muslims and foreigners and discriminatory intentions towards these outgroups. Based on a longitudinal and a representative cross‐sectional sample, we showed that two different types of perceived deviant behavior (Study 1, Muslims' unwillingness to integrate; and Study 2, foreigners' hostility towards the non‐immigrant major…
"Who Are These Foreigners Anyway?" The Content of the Term Foreigner and Its Impact on Prejudice
The term foreigners is often used in prejudice research to analyze prejudice toward immigrants, but it is not specified which groups respondents have in mind. In the present study, we analyzed the content of the term foreigner and its impact on prejudice toward foreigners in a German national probability sample ( N = 1,763). Results indicated that most respondents think of people with a Turkish migration background, but regional differences betwe…
Nations' income inequality predicts ambivalence in stereotype content
Income inequality undermines societies: The more inequality, the more health problems, social tensions, and the lower social mobility, trust, life expectancy. Given people's tendency to legitimate existing social arrangements, the stereotype content model ( SCM ) argues that ambivalence―perceiving many groups as either warm or competent, but not both―may help maintain socio‐economic disparities. The association between stereotype ambivalence and …
Side Effects of Multiculturalism
We studied the influence of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) on the relationship between a multicultural ideology and attitudes about ethnic diversity and immigrants. We hypothesized that a multicultural ideology poses a threat to authoritarian individuals, which leads to a decrease in positive diversity beliefs and an increase in prejudice toward immigrants. On the basis of representative survey-data from 23 European countries, we showed that t…
Unwilling, but not unaffected—Imagined contact effects for authoritarians and social dominators
According to a dual process model perspective, intergroup contact should be particularly effective for people high in right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA), but not for those high in social dominance orientation (SDO), because of different underlying motivational goals. In the present studies, we tested the hypothesis that imagined contact, that is, the mental representation of a positive intergroup encounter, improves intergroup relations for high R…
A Dual Process Model of Attitudes towards Immigration
This research took a person × situation approach to predicting prejudice by looking at how social worldviews interact with real‐world environmental factors to predict how people respond to immigrants within their local area. Taking a Dual Process Motivational approach, we hypothesized that a higher proportion of immigrants in the local community would be associated with negative attitudes toward immigration for respondents high in dangerous world…
Friend or Foe, Champ or Chump? Social Conformity and Superiority Goals Activate Warmth-Versus Competence-Based Social Categorization Schemas
Evaluations of individuals and social groups refer to two basic dimensions of social judgment: warmth and competence. Although previous research has explored the antecedents and consequences of these evaluations, there is a lack of understanding of the conditions under which warmth and competence information is used for social categorization in the first place. The present research developed a novel measure of individuals’ tendencies to categoriz…
Right‐wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation and prejudice against threatening and competitive ethnic groups
This research rests on the assumption that individual differences approaches to prejudice benefit from an integration of intergroup factors. Following Duckitt (2001), we assumed that two prominent individual differences variables, right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO), would differentially predict majority members' levels of ethnic prejudice depending on specific factors of the intergroup context: RWA as an inde…
Stereotypes of Social Groups in Germany in Terms of Warmth and Competence
The stereotype content model says that warmth and competence are fundamental dimensions of social judgment. This brief report analyzes the cultural stereotypes of relevant social groups in a German student sample (N = 82). In support of the model, stereotypes of 29 societal groups led to five stable clusters of differing warmth and competence evaluations. As expected, clusters cover all four possible combinations of warmth and competence. The stu…
A Dual Process Model of Attitudes towards Immigration
This research took a person × situation approach to predicting prejudice by looking at how social worldviews interact with real‐world environmental factors to predict how people respond to immigrants within their local area. Taking a Dual Process Motivational approach, we hypothesized that a higher proportion of immigrants in the local community would be associated with negative attitudes toward immigration for respondents high in dangerous world…
What triggers helping versus harming of ambivalent groups? Effects of the relative salience of warmth versus competence
"Who Are These Foreigners Anyway?" The Content of the Term Foreigner and Its Impact on Prejudice
The term foreigners is often used in prejudice research to analyze prejudice toward immigrants, but it is not specified which groups respondents have in mind. In the present study, we analyzed the content of the term foreigner and its impact on prejudice toward foreigners in a German national probability sample ( N = 1,763). Results indicated that most respondents think of people with a Turkish migration background, but regional differences betwe…
Unwilling, but not unaffected—Imagined contact effects for authoritarians and social dominators
According to a dual process model perspective, intergroup contact should be particularly effective for people high in right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA), but not for those high in social dominance orientation (SDO), because of different underlying motivational goals. In the present studies, we tested the hypothesis that imagined contact, that is, the mental representation of a positive intergroup encounter, improves intergroup relations for high R…
Stereotype content of refugee subgroups in Germany
Stereotypes of refugee subgroups are still understudied. We contribute to this body of research by investigating differences in stereotype content, meaning warmth and competence ratings, of refugee subgroups in Germany ( N = 264). Most extant Stereotype Content Model research is based on observed warmth and competence mean values. We applied latent variable modelling using the alignment optimisation to ensure meaningful and reliable mean value co…
When immigrant groups “misbehave”
In two studies, we tested the relationship between non‐immigrant individuals' perceptions of deviant behavior carried out by Muslims and foreigners and discriminatory intentions towards these outgroups. Based on a longitudinal and a representative cross‐sectional sample, we showed that two different types of perceived deviant behavior (Study 1, Muslims' unwillingness to integrate; and Study 2, foreigners' hostility towards the non‐immigrant major…
Meet Your Neighbours. Authoritarians Engage in Intergroup Contact When They have the Opportunity
Research indicates that authoritarians tend to avoid intergroup contact. This study tested the hypothesis that living in a neighbourhood with a higher proportion of Asian peoples increases the likelihood of contact with them for the majority (New Zealand Europeans), and that this effect should increase intergroup contact for authoritarians. Multi‐level Random Coefficient Modelling of data from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study ( N = 3903…
What Mediates the Relationship Between Ethnic Discrimination and Stress? Coping Strategies and Perceived Social Support of Russian Immigrants in Germany
The present study revealed that Russian immigrants encounter different forms of ethnic discrimination, and that this is associated with higher levels of stress. This association was partly explained by coping and social support, illustrating possibilities for interventions aimed at improving the use of adaptive coping strategies and promoting social support-seeking for Russian immigrants
Die trägt ja als Deutsche ein Kopftuch“ – Der Einfluss autoritärer Einstellungen auf die Wahrnehmung der Verletzung kultureller Normen
Muslimische Symbole werden häufig als eine von außen herangetragene Bedrohung kultureller Werte in Deutschland wahrgenommen. Was geschieht aber, wenn Mitglieder der eigenen Gruppe diese Symbole verwenden? In der vorliegenden Studie sind wir der Frage nachgegangen, wie deutsche Frauen wahrgenommen werden, die das Kopftuch Al-Amira, tragen. Nach dem Black Sheep Effekt werden Normverstöße durch Mitglieder der Eigengruppe stärker geahndet als durch M…
Right‐wing authoritarianism and majority members’ preferences for minority acculturation
The present research examines the role of right‐wing authoritarianism for the formation of majority members’ attitudes towards minority members’ contribution to the acculturation process. Previous research has confirmed the link between right‐wing authoritarianism and majority members’ acculturation preferences. Nonetheless, a test of their longitudinal relationship was still lacking. Using data from a 3‐wave panel study in Germany, we demonstrat…
Right‐wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation and prejudice against threatening and competitive ethnic groups
This research rests on the assumption that individual differences approaches to prejudice benefit from an integration of intergroup factors. Following Duckitt (2001), we assumed that two prominent individual differences variables, right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO), would differentially predict majority members' levels of ethnic prejudice depending on specific factors of the intergroup context: RWA as an inde…
Right‐wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation and the dimensions of generalized prejudice
A Dual Process Model (DPM) approach to prejudice proposes that there should be at least two dimensions of generalized prejudice relating to outgroup stratification and social perception, which should be differentially predicted by Right‐Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO). The current study assessed the causal effects of SDO and RWA on three dimensions of prejudice using a full cross‐lagged longitudinal sample (N = …
Stereotypes of Social Groups in Germany in Terms of Warmth and Competence
The stereotype content model says that warmth and competence are fundamental dimensions of social judgment. This brief report analyzes the cultural stereotypes of relevant social groups in a German student sample (N = 82). In support of the model, stereotypes of 29 societal groups led to five stable clusters of differing warmth and competence evaluations. As expected, clusters cover all four possible combinations of warmth and competence. The stu…
What triggers helping versus harming of ambivalent groups? Effects of the relative salience of warmth versus competence
Friend or Foe, Champ or Chump? Social Conformity and Superiority Goals Activate Warmth-Versus Competence-Based Social Categorization Schemas
Evaluations of individuals and social groups refer to two basic dimensions of social judgment: warmth and competence. Although previous research has explored the antecedents and consequences of these evaluations, there is a lack of understanding of the conditions under which warmth and competence information is used for social categorization in the first place. The present research developed a novel measure of individuals’ tendencies to categoriz…
Nations' income inequality predicts ambivalence in stereotype content
Income inequality undermines societies: The more inequality, the more health problems, social tensions, and the lower social mobility, trust, life expectancy. Given people's tendency to legitimate existing social arrangements, the stereotype content model ( SCM ) argues that ambivalence―perceiving many groups as either warm or competent, but not both―may help maintain socio‐economic disparities. The association between stereotype ambivalence and …
Side Effects of Multiculturalism
We studied the influence of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) on the relationship between a multicultural ideology and attitudes about ethnic diversity and immigrants. We hypothesized that a multicultural ideology poses a threat to authoritarian individuals, which leads to a decrease in positive diversity beliefs and an increase in prejudice toward immigrants. On the basis of representative survey-data from 23 European countries, we showed that t…
Unwilling, but not unaffected—Imagined contact effects for authoritarians and social dominators
According to a dual process model perspective, intergroup contact should be particularly effective for people high in right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA), but not for those high in social dominance orientation (SDO), because of different underlying motivational goals. In the present studies, we tested the hypothesis that imagined contact, that is, the mental representation of a positive intergroup encounter, improves intergroup relations for high R…
A Dual Process Model of Attitudes towards Immigration
This research took a person × situation approach to predicting prejudice by looking at how social worldviews interact with real‐world environmental factors to predict how people respond to immigrants within their local area. Taking a Dual Process Motivational approach, we hypothesized that a higher proportion of immigrants in the local community would be associated with negative attitudes toward immigration for respondents high in dangerous world…
"Who Are These Foreigners Anyway?" The Content of the Term Foreigner and Its Impact on Prejudice
The term foreigners is often used in prejudice research to analyze prejudice toward immigrants, but it is not specified which groups respondents have in mind. In the present study, we analyzed the content of the term foreigner and its impact on prejudice toward foreigners in a German national probability sample ( N = 1,763). Results indicated that most respondents think of people with a Turkish migration background, but regional differences betwe…
“Michael can’t read!” Teachers’ gender stereotypes and boys’ reading self-concept.
According to expectancy-value theory, the gender stereotypes of significant others such as parents, peers, or teachers affect students’ competence beliefs, values, and achievement-related behavior. Stereotypically, gender beliefs about reading favor girls. The aim of this study was to investigate whether teachers’ gender stereotypes in relation to reading—their belief that girls outperform boys—have a negative effect on the reading self-concept o…
When immigrant groups “misbehave”
In two studies, we tested the relationship between non‐immigrant individuals' perceptions of deviant behavior carried out by Muslims and foreigners and discriminatory intentions towards these outgroups. Based on a longitudinal and a representative cross‐sectional sample, we showed that two different types of perceived deviant behavior (Study 1, Muslims' unwillingness to integrate; and Study 2, foreigners' hostility towards the non‐immigrant major…
Meet Your Neighbours. Authoritarians Engage in Intergroup Contact When They have the Opportunity
Research indicates that authoritarians tend to avoid intergroup contact. This study tested the hypothesis that living in a neighbourhood with a higher proportion of Asian peoples increases the likelihood of contact with them for the majority (New Zealand Europeans), and that this effect should increase intergroup contact for authoritarians. Multi‐level Random Coefficient Modelling of data from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study ( N = 3903…
Salience of Category
Diskriminierungserfahrungen und ihre Folgen für die Betroffenen
Stereotype content of refugee subgroups in Germany
Stereotypes of refugee subgroups are still understudied. We contribute to this body of research by investigating differences in stereotype content, meaning warmth and competence ratings, of refugee subgroups in Germany ( N = 264). Most extant Stereotype Content Model research is based on observed warmth and competence mean values. We applied latent variable modelling using the alignment optimisation to ensure meaningful and reliable mean value co…
Die trägt ja als Deutsche ein Kopftuch“ – Der Einfluss autoritärer Einstellungen auf die Wahrnehmung der Verletzung kultureller Normen
Muslimische Symbole werden häufig als eine von außen herangetragene Bedrohung kultureller Werte in Deutschland wahrgenommen. Was geschieht aber, wenn Mitglieder der eigenen Gruppe diese Symbole verwenden? In der vorliegenden Studie sind wir der Frage nachgegangen, wie deutsche Frauen wahrgenommen werden, die das Kopftuch Al-Amira, tragen. Nach dem Black Sheep Effekt werden Normverstöße durch Mitglieder der Eigengruppe stärker geahndet als durch M…
Right‐wing authoritarianism and majority members’ preferences for minority acculturation
The present research examines the role of right‐wing authoritarianism for the formation of majority members’ attitudes towards minority members’ contribution to the acculturation process. Previous research has confirmed the link between right‐wing authoritarianism and majority members’ acculturation preferences. Nonetheless, a test of their longitudinal relationship was still lacking. Using data from a 3‐wave panel study in Germany, we demonstrat…
What Mediates the Relationship Between Ethnic Discrimination and Stress? Coping Strategies and Perceived Social Support of Russian Immigrants in Germany
The present study revealed that Russian immigrants encounter different forms of ethnic discrimination, and that this is associated with higher levels of stress. This association was partly explained by coping and social support, illustrating possibilities for interventions aimed at improving the use of adaptive coping strategies and promoting social support-seeking for Russian immigrants
Pro-diversity beliefs and intergroup relations
Modern societies and organisations are becoming increasingly diverse, leading many to argue that diversity should be valued because it can benefit teams, organisations and societies more widely. Considerable attention in both organisational and social psychological research has been devoted to so-called pro-diversity beliefs (i.e. the idea that diversity has an instrumental value to groups), and the consequences of these for various outcomes. In …
Tagungsbericht „24 h of Political Psychology“ – Jahrestagung 2022 des German Political Psychology Network
Article Tagungsbericht „24 h of Political Psychology“ – Jahrestagung 2022 des German Political Psychology Network was published on June 1, 2022 in the journal Forschungsjournal Soziale Bewegungen (volume 35, issue 2)
The impact of bionic prostheses on users' self-perceptions
Bionic devices for reestablishing or augmenting users' capabilities (e.g., bionic prostheses or exoskeletons) are becoming increasingly common. While prior research examined how such devices affect others' perceptions of their users, little is known about how these devices affect users' self-image and -perception, and the corresponding theory is scarce. To account for this gap, we conducted semi-structured interviews with users of bionic upper li…
Psychologie der Rechtsradikalisierung
Wie radikalisieren sich Menschen und warum ist die Empfänglichkeit für rechte Radikalisierungsdynamiken aktuell besonders hoch? Dieses Buch bietet Einblicke in die psychologische Forschung zu diesen Fragen. Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler stellen in prägnanter und verständlicher Weise Erkenntnisse und Forschungslücken dar. Die Beiträge diskutieren insbesondere die motivationale Bedeutung von Verlust- und Benachteiligungserfahrungen, das …
Should the city be for everyone? The relationship between worldviews, ideological attitudes, and the approval of hostile design
Expanding upon Duckitt's dual‐process motivational model of ideology and prejudice (DPM; Duckitt, 2001), this research explores the psychological underpinnings of the approval of hostile design (AoHD) measures. Hostile design measures are interventions designed to deter undesirable behaviours and specific social groups in urban areas. Across three correlational studies ( N = 798) conducted in Germany and the US, we investigated the relationship b…
Older Adults’ Stereotypes of and Attitudes Toward Younger Adults and Intergenerational Contact Frequency
Affective attitudes and stereotypes of older toward younger adults influence intergenerational contact experiences and are shaped by them. To capture contemporary stereotypes about young men and women, in Study 1 (N = 112), we collected stereotypes in older adults' own words. In Study 2 (N = 225), we collected ratings on these stereotypes and showed that negative contact correlated higher with stereotyping than positive contact, while affective a…
Psychology (24 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (22 works) · Social Psychology (20 works) · Political science (16 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (13 works) · Politics (10 works) · Sociology (9 works) · Authoritarianism (8 works) · Developmental psychology (8 works) · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research (8 works)