Martin Reinhardt Nielsen
Biographic Data
| ID | 155647 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Martin Reinhardt Nielsen |
| GIVEN NAMES | Martin Reinhardt |
| FAMILY NAME | Nielsen |
| SIGNATURE | NIELSEN M R |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Copenhagen |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8941-6031 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 58 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 31 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2011 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Weathering hard times with bushmeat
While bushmeat can be a crucial protein source for food insecure households, its consumption and trade raise significant concerns for both human health and wildlife conservation. Here we investigate how rainfall shocks influence rural households’ income from and reliance on bushmeat hunting. Drawing on data from nearly 8,000 rural households across 24 low- and middle-income countries, matched to gridded rainfall records and detailed agricultural …
Living with elephants
The Kavango‐Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KaZa TFCA) is home to one of the largest populations of African savanna elephants (approximately 227,000), a species iconic for ecological balance but also a major driver of human–elephant conflict (HEC). This study investigates how spatial and socio‐economic factors shape household perceptions and tolerance towards elephants in the Zimbabwean part of KaZa TFCA. Using a survey sample of 668 hou…
Frontier tourism development and inequality in the Nepal Himalaya
This article proposes ‘frontier tourism development’ as an apt analytical lens through which to understand contemporary tourism development in rural peripheries. Based on a rich case study of more than 90% of households across seven villages in the Manaslu Conservation Area, the article analyses local-level inequalities in participation and benefits from tourism development in one of the world’s most remote peripheries—the high Himalayas of Nepal…
Understanding determinants of the intention to buy rhino horn in Vietnam through the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour
Demand for rhino horn in Asian markets is driving a rhino poaching crisis in Africa. Despite the urgency of understanding consumers' motivations and demand, social-psychological factors underpinning the intention to buy rhino horn remain under-investigated. This study examined rhino horn demand using a novel approach combining the theory of planned behaviour and the theory of interpersonal behaviour. We conducted a survey on a unique sample of 42…
Women, wellbeing and Wildlife Management Areas in Tanzania
Community-based wildlife management claims pro-poor, gender-sensitive outcomes. However, intersectional political ecology predicts adverse impacts on marginalised people. Our large-scale quantitative approach draws out common patterns and differentiated ways women are affected by Tanzania's Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs). This first large-scale, rigorous evaluation studies WMA impacts on livelihoods and wellbeing of 937 married women in 42 vill…
Conserving rhinos by legal trade
A legal rhino horn trade is suggested in order to reduce poaching. To examine the implications of this proposition, we conducted a choice experiment with 345 rhino horn consumers in Vietnam, investigating their preferences for legality, source, price and peer experience of medicinal efficacy as attributes in their decision to purchase rhino horn. We calculated consumers' willingness to pay for each attribute level. Consumers preferred and were wi…
Reference group influences and campaign exposure effects on rhino horn demand
While considerable effort is invested in rhino horn demand reduction campaigns, it is unclear to what extent users are exposed to and accept the messages in these ads. We investigate recall as an indicator of exposure and the influence of different reference groups by conducting 50 semi‐structured interviews with self‐reported rhino horn users in Hanoi using an interpretative thematic analysis. The decision to buy or use rhino horn was almost exc…
Saving rodents, losing primates—Why we need tailored bushmeat management strategies
Efforts to curb the unsustainable wildlife trade in tropical forests conceptualize bushmeat as a generic resource, exploited by a homogeneous group. However, bushmeat is composed of miscellaneous species differing in risks of zoonotic disease transmissions, sensitivity to hunting and abundance. If people choose these species for varying reasons, mitigation approaches that neglect specific drivers would likely target abundant species, e.g. rodents…
Examining the Consistency of Folk Identifications of Trees to Implement Community-Based Biodiversity Monitoring
Evidence or delusion
Considerable effort has been devoted to reducing rhinoceros (i.e., rhino) horn demand by changing consumer behavior. Implementing organizations often claim that their campaigns are based on reliable insights into rhino horn demand and that there is no scientific support for any medicinal effects of rhino horn. In this opinion piece, we evaluate the scientific evidence supporting this claim and discuss how campaigns using a delusive and paternalis…
Environmental Income as a Pathway Out of Poverty? Empirical Evidence on Asset Accumulation in Nepal
Using unique, environmentally augmented household panel data reflecting households’ annual cash and subsistence income portfolios, we model change over time in the value of four assets – livestock, implements, savings, and jewellery. A seemingly unrelated regression model reveals that although environmental resources on average contribute 16 per cent of the total household income, the contribution to asset accumulation is limited. Hence, environm…
Impact of Tanzania’s Wildlife Management Areas on household wealth
Protected areas, household environmental incomes and well-being in the Greater Serengeti-Mara Ecosystem
Protected areas are an important cornerstone in the attempt to halt habitat and species losses. While it is widely recognized that local communities impact on conservation outcomes, there is a limited understanding of the economic importance of environmental resources in protected areas to local household incomes and well-being. This inhibits the development and implementation of efficient conservation policies. This paper, using the iconic case …
Transformation of Livelihood Institutions and the Organization of Punan Dayak Communities in Berau District, East Kalimantan
The social-ecological system of forests are changing with increasing modernity and has prompted the forest-dependent Dayak Punan community to adapt to the new conditions. In addition to changing livelihood structures, the institutional setting and social norms of subsistence strategies are also undergoing adaptation process. Therefore, the main question of this research is what institutional transformation are occuring of livelihoods in the Punan…
Institutional Rhetoric Versus Local Reality
Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) are establishments that promote wildlife conservation and rural development in Tanzania. However, through focus group discussions, key informant interviews, a questionnaire survey, and literature review, we found that the participation of local people in both the establishment and management of the WMA was limited and rife with conflict. While benefits have materialized at the communal level, local people saw neit…
Understanding utilitarian and hedonic values determining the demand for rhino horn in Vietnam
We examined utilitarian and hedonic values as motivations for rhino horn use in Vietnam. We also evaluated consumers’ response to consequences of the illegal trade in behavior modification campaigns and the likely outcome of a legalized trade. The most prevalent use was for treatment of hangovers indicating utilitarian values, although difficult to separate from the hedonic value in projecting success in business. A ritualized way of honoring ter…
The Importance of Wild Meat in the Global South
Environmental Uncertainty and Self-monitoring in the Commons
Redd+ policy design and policy learning
The potential of the Global Person Generated Index for evaluating the perceived impacts of conservation interventions on subjective well-being
There is growing interest in the importance of ensuring that biodiversity conservation is not achieved at the expense of local people’s well-being. It has been suggested that when evaluating the impact of an intervention, the affected population should be allowed to define well-being (requiring a subjective measure), and impacts (requiring a participatory approach), but very few, if any, conservation evaluations live up to these standards. We use…
Can PES and Redd+ match Willingness To Accept payments in contracts for reforestation and avoided forest degradation? The case of farmers in upland Bac Kan, Vietnam
Household determinants of bushmeat and eru (Gnetum africanum) harvesting for cash in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence on the True Local Welfare Costs of Forest Conservation in Madagascar
Protected areas may impose local welfare costs through the enforcement of use restrictions. Predicting their welfare impacts before their establishment could help with the design of compensation schemes. Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are increasingly used for ex ante evaluations but their validity is largely untested in low-income settings. Using a case study of a new REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation) proje…
Quantifying the economic contribution of wild food harvests to rural livelihoods
Reshaping Conservation
Drawing on a study of community-managed forest reserves in southern Tanzania, this article discusses how community members engage and shape inclusive protected area management practices to produce outcomes that were not intended by external implementers. The article shows how a participatory natural resource monitoring scheme operating in the area becomes part of the villagers' collective and individual efforts to assert their claims to territory…
Quantifying the economic contribution of wild food harvests to rural livelihoods
Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence on the True Local Welfare Costs of Forest Conservation in Madagascar
Protected areas may impose local welfare costs through the enforcement of use restrictions. Predicting their welfare impacts before their establishment could help with the design of compensation schemes. Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are increasingly used for ex ante evaluations but their validity is largely untested in low-income settings. Using a case study of a new REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation) proje…
Frontier tourism development and inequality in the Nepal Himalaya
This article proposes ‘frontier tourism development’ as an apt analytical lens through which to understand contemporary tourism development in rural peripheries. Based on a rich case study of more than 90% of households across seven villages in the Manaslu Conservation Area, the article analyses local-level inequalities in participation and benefits from tourism development in one of the world’s most remote peripheries—the high Himalayas of Nepal…
Women, wellbeing and Wildlife Management Areas in Tanzania
Community-based wildlife management claims pro-poor, gender-sensitive outcomes. However, intersectional political ecology predicts adverse impacts on marginalised people. Our large-scale quantitative approach draws out common patterns and differentiated ways women are affected by Tanzania's Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs). This first large-scale, rigorous evaluation studies WMA impacts on livelihoods and wellbeing of 937 married women in 42 vill…
The potential of the Global Person Generated Index for evaluating the perceived impacts of conservation interventions on subjective well-being
There is growing interest in the importance of ensuring that biodiversity conservation is not achieved at the expense of local people’s well-being. It has been suggested that when evaluating the impact of an intervention, the affected population should be allowed to define well-being (requiring a subjective measure), and impacts (requiring a participatory approach), but very few, if any, conservation evaluations live up to these standards. We use…
Hunting for the Benefits of Joint Forest Management in the Eastern Afromontane Biodiversity Hotspot
Impact of Tanzania’s Wildlife Management Areas on household wealth
Protected areas, household environmental incomes and well-being in the Greater Serengeti-Mara Ecosystem
Protected areas are an important cornerstone in the attempt to halt habitat and species losses. While it is widely recognized that local communities impact on conservation outcomes, there is a limited understanding of the economic importance of environmental resources in protected areas to local household incomes and well-being. This inhibits the development and implementation of efficient conservation policies. This paper, using the iconic case …
Redd+ policy design and policy learning
Understanding determinants of the intention to buy rhino horn in Vietnam through the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour
Demand for rhino horn in Asian markets is driving a rhino poaching crisis in Africa. Despite the urgency of understanding consumers' motivations and demand, social-psychological factors underpinning the intention to buy rhino horn remain under-investigated. This study examined rhino horn demand using a novel approach combining the theory of planned behaviour and the theory of interpersonal behaviour. We conducted a survey on a unique sample of 42…
Conserving rhinos by legal trade
A legal rhino horn trade is suggested in order to reduce poaching. To examine the implications of this proposition, we conducted a choice experiment with 345 rhino horn consumers in Vietnam, investigating their preferences for legality, source, price and peer experience of medicinal efficacy as attributes in their decision to purchase rhino horn. We calculated consumers' willingness to pay for each attribute level. Consumers preferred and were wi…
Can PES and Redd+ match Willingness To Accept payments in contracts for reforestation and avoided forest degradation? The case of farmers in upland Bac Kan, Vietnam
Improving the conservation status of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania? The effect of joint forest management on bushmeat hunting in the Kilombero nature reserve
This study examines the effect of Joint Forest Management (JFM) in a component of the Kilombero Nature Reserve recently gazetted to improve the conservation status of high biodiversity forests in the Udzungwa Mountains of the Eastern Afromontane biodiversity hotspot. The evaluation is based on a temporal comparison spanning seven years of JFM and establishment of a Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA) ranger station, using bushmeat hunting as an indi…
Hunting for the Benefits of Joint Forest Management in the Eastern Afromontane Biodiversity Hotspot
Averting biodiversity collapse in tropical forest protected areas
Seeing white elephants? The production and communication of information in a locally-based monitoring system in Tanzania
The literature on locally-based monitoring in the context of conservation displays a great deal of optimism about the prospects of involving local people in the systematic gathering of information about the condition and use of natural resources and conservation areas to inform management decisions from local to national levels. This study challenges this notion based on a case study of a collaborative forest management and locally-based monitori…
Combining income and assets measures to include the transitory nature of poverty in assessments of forest dependence
Reshaping Conservation
Drawing on a study of community-managed forest reserves in southern Tanzania, this article discusses how community members engage and shape inclusive protected area management practices to produce outcomes that were not intended by external implementers. The article shows how a participatory natural resource monitoring scheme operating in the area becomes part of the villagers' collective and individual efforts to assert their claims to territory…
Quotas on Narwhal (Monodon monoceros) Hunting in East Greenland
Quantifying the economic contribution of wild food harvests to rural livelihoods
Household determinants of bushmeat and eru (Gnetum africanum) harvesting for cash in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence on the True Local Welfare Costs of Forest Conservation in Madagascar
Protected areas may impose local welfare costs through the enforcement of use restrictions. Predicting their welfare impacts before their establishment could help with the design of compensation schemes. Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are increasingly used for ex ante evaluations but their validity is largely untested in low-income settings. Using a case study of a new REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation) proje…
Transformation of Livelihood Institutions and the Organization of Punan Dayak Communities in Berau District, East Kalimantan
The social-ecological system of forests are changing with increasing modernity and has prompted the forest-dependent Dayak Punan community to adapt to the new conditions. In addition to changing livelihood structures, the institutional setting and social norms of subsistence strategies are also undergoing adaptation process. Therefore, the main question of this research is what institutional transformation are occuring of livelihoods in the Punan…
Institutional Rhetoric Versus Local Reality
Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) are establishments that promote wildlife conservation and rural development in Tanzania. However, through focus group discussions, key informant interviews, a questionnaire survey, and literature review, we found that the participation of local people in both the establishment and management of the WMA was limited and rife with conflict. While benefits have materialized at the communal level, local people saw neit…
Understanding utilitarian and hedonic values determining the demand for rhino horn in Vietnam
We examined utilitarian and hedonic values as motivations for rhino horn use in Vietnam. We also evaluated consumers’ response to consequences of the illegal trade in behavior modification campaigns and the likely outcome of a legalized trade. The most prevalent use was for treatment of hangovers indicating utilitarian values, although difficult to separate from the hedonic value in projecting success in business. A ritualized way of honoring ter…
The Importance of Wild Meat in the Global South
Environmental Uncertainty and Self-monitoring in the Commons
Redd+ policy design and policy learning
The potential of the Global Person Generated Index for evaluating the perceived impacts of conservation interventions on subjective well-being
There is growing interest in the importance of ensuring that biodiversity conservation is not achieved at the expense of local people’s well-being. It has been suggested that when evaluating the impact of an intervention, the affected population should be allowed to define well-being (requiring a subjective measure), and impacts (requiring a participatory approach), but very few, if any, conservation evaluations live up to these standards. We use…
Can PES and Redd+ match Willingness To Accept payments in contracts for reforestation and avoided forest degradation? The case of farmers in upland Bac Kan, Vietnam
Environmental Income as a Pathway Out of Poverty? Empirical Evidence on Asset Accumulation in Nepal
Using unique, environmentally augmented household panel data reflecting households’ annual cash and subsistence income portfolios, we model change over time in the value of four assets – livestock, implements, savings, and jewellery. A seemingly unrelated regression model reveals that although environmental resources on average contribute 16 per cent of the total household income, the contribution to asset accumulation is limited. Hence, environm…
Impact of Tanzania’s Wildlife Management Areas on household wealth
Protected areas, household environmental incomes and well-being in the Greater Serengeti-Mara Ecosystem
Protected areas are an important cornerstone in the attempt to halt habitat and species losses. While it is widely recognized that local communities impact on conservation outcomes, there is a limited understanding of the economic importance of environmental resources in protected areas to local household incomes and well-being. This inhibits the development and implementation of efficient conservation policies. This paper, using the iconic case …
Reference group influences and campaign exposure effects on rhino horn demand
While considerable effort is invested in rhino horn demand reduction campaigns, it is unclear to what extent users are exposed to and accept the messages in these ads. We investigate recall as an indicator of exposure and the influence of different reference groups by conducting 50 semi‐structured interviews with self‐reported rhino horn users in Hanoi using an interpretative thematic analysis. The decision to buy or use rhino horn was almost exc…
Saving rodents, losing primates—Why we need tailored bushmeat management strategies
Efforts to curb the unsustainable wildlife trade in tropical forests conceptualize bushmeat as a generic resource, exploited by a homogeneous group. However, bushmeat is composed of miscellaneous species differing in risks of zoonotic disease transmissions, sensitivity to hunting and abundance. If people choose these species for varying reasons, mitigation approaches that neglect specific drivers would likely target abundant species, e.g. rodents…
Examining the Consistency of Folk Identifications of Trees to Implement Community-Based Biodiversity Monitoring
Evidence or delusion
Considerable effort has been devoted to reducing rhinoceros (i.e., rhino) horn demand by changing consumer behavior. Implementing organizations often claim that their campaigns are based on reliable insights into rhino horn demand and that there is no scientific support for any medicinal effects of rhino horn. In this opinion piece, we evaluate the scientific evidence supporting this claim and discuss how campaigns using a delusive and paternalis…
Economics (21 works) · Geography (21 works) · Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management (18 works) · Business (15 works) · Ecology (12 works) · Natural resource economics (12 works) · Environmental planning (10 works) · Environmental resource management (10 works) · Tanzania (9 works) · Wildlife (9 works)