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Shirin Akiner

Biographic Data

ID156157
NAMEShirin Akiner
GIVEN NAMESShirin
FAMILY NAMEAkiner
SIGNATUREAKINER S
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of Cambridge
VERIFIEDNo
TOTAL WORKS26
TOTAL CITATIONS65
AUTHOR COUNT25
EDITOR COUNT1
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1973
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2020
H-INDEX4
  • Sustainable Development in Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner, Sander Tideman et al.•BOOK•Sustainable Development in…•2020

  • Conceptual Geographies of Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•CHAPTER•Sustainable Development in…•2020

    This chapter discusses some of the historical linkages that are today contributing to a renascent sense of regional identity. A number of terms have been used to designate parts of the Eurasian heartlands. A word of Persian origin meaning 'land of the Turks', the earliest known occurrence is in a seventh-century Armenian source. The lack of clarity in the terminology relating to the Eurasian heartlands is matched by even greater uncertainty regar…

  • Cultural Hybridity in the Religious Literature of the Tatars of North-Eastern Europe

    Shirin Akiner, Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•The Slavonic and East European…•2017

    The Muslim Tatars of north-eastern Europe (Belarus, Lithuania and Poland) present an interesting example of cultural hybridity. Despite limited contact with the world of Islam, they preserved their Muslim identity for over eight centuries, combining the customs and norms of their adopted homeland, while maintaining their traditional practice of Islam. The religious literature they created (in Belarusian-Polish, written in the Arabic script) demon…

  • Turkmenistan: Strategies of Power, Dilemmas of Development

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Europe Asia Studies•2014

    Turkmenistan is a difficult country to understand. Its early history is marked by large-scale migrations of peoples moving across its territory, some to settle, others on their way to distant desti

  • Cultural Change and Continuity In Central Asia

    Akiner Akiner, Shirin Akiner•BOOK•Cultural Change and Continuity In…•2013

  • Central Asian Pilgrims: Hajj Routes and Pious Visits between Central Asia and the Hijaz

    Shirin Akiner, Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Church and State•2013•Cited by: 2

    Journal Article Central Asian Pilgrims: Hajj Routes and Pious Visits between Central Asia and the Hijaz Get access Central Asian Pilgrims: Hajj Routes and Pious Visits between Central Asia and the Hijaz. Edited by Alexandre Papas, Thomas Welsford, and Thierry Zarcone. Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 2012. 331pp. $64.00. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner University of CambridgeCambridge, United Kingdom [email protected] Search for other works by this a…

  • The Struggle for Civil Society in Central Asia: Crisis and Transformation

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Europe Asia Studies•2012•Cited by: 3

  • Silk Roads, Great Games and Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Asian Affairs•2011•Cited by: 3

    The ancient Silk roads covered a vast area stretching beyond what we would now call Central Asia, originally a somewhat vague geographical and cultural concept, but certainly the locus of the 19th century great game between Russia and Britain. In 1924, the borders of the five “stans” were delimited, intended as administrative borders, not the international borders they became at the break-up of the Soviet Union, when the then presidents played a …

  • The Temptations of Tyranny in Central Asia * By David Lewis

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2010

    Journal Article The Temptations of Tyranny in Central AsiaBy David Lewis Get access The Temptations of Tyranny in Central AsiaBy David Lewis (London: Hurst and Co., 2008), 208 pp.; map; index. Price HB £16.95. EAN 978–1850658337. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner Cambridge Central Asia Forum, University of Cambridge E-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Islamic Studies, Volume 2…

  • Islam in Central Asia * by Ludmila Polonskaya and Alexei Malashenko

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2009

    Journal Article Islam in Central AsiaBy Ludmila Polonskaya and Alexei Malashenko Get access Islam in Central AsiaBy Ludmila Polonskaya and Alexei Malashenko (Ithaca: Reading, 2008), 171 pp. Price PB £14.99. EAN 978–0863723360. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner Cambridge Central Asia Forum, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Islamic Studies, Volume 21, Issue 2, May 2010, Pages 315–…

  • Oil, Islam and Conflict: Central Asia since 1945 * By ROB JOHNSON

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2009

    The thematic emphasis of this book is stated unambiguously by its title, which picks out three pot-boiling issues: Oil, Islam and above all (written in larger letters than the other two words), Conflict. The geographic focus is described as ‘Central Asia’. Like all such regional designations, this term can be interpreted in many different ways. Usually, however, there is some underlying historical, cultural or political rationale for the definiti…

  • History of civilisations of Central Asia, volume VI: Towards the contemporary period: from the mid-nineteenth century to the end of the twentieth century

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Central Asian Survey•2009

  • Fostering Fundamentalism: Terrorism, Democracy and American Engagement in Central Asia * by Matthew Crosston

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2007

    Journal Article Fostering Fundamentalism: Terrorism, Democracy and American Engagement in Central Asia By Matthew Crosston Get access Fostering Fundamentalism: Terrorism, Democracy and American Engagement in Central AsiaBy Matthew Crosston (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 2006), 186 pp. Price HB £55.00. EAN 978–0–754–64632–7. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scho…

  • Tajikistan in the New Central Asia: Geopolitics, Great Power Rivalry and Radical Islam * by Lena Jonson

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2007

    Tajikistan, situated in the south west of Central Asia, in the high mountains bordering Afghanistan and China, was one of the fifteen constituent republics of the Soviet Union. Its remote, landlocked location and relatively limited resource base hindered economic development and it was consequently one of the poorest of the Soviet republics, heavily dependent on the central government for subsidies and development aid. In 1992, shortly after the …

  • The Politicisation of Islam in Postsoviet Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•2003•Cited by: 16•References: 1

  • Familiar Strangers: A History of Muslims in Northwest China

    Shirin Akiner•REVIEW•The American Historical Review•2000

    List of MapsList of IllustrationsAcknowledgmentsPrefaceIntroduction: Purposes and Form of a Muslim History in ChinaThe Frontier Ground and Peoples of Northwest ChinaAcculturation and Accommodation: China's Muslims to the 17th CenturyConnections: Muslims in the Early Qing, 1644-1781Strategies of Resistance: Integration by ViolenceStrategies of Integration: Muslims in New ChinaConclusion: Familiar StrangersChinese Character GlossaryBibliographyInde…

  • Melting pot, salad bowl - cauldron? Manipulation and mobilization of ethnic and religious identities in Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Ethnic and Racial Studies•1997•Cited by: 20•References: 2

    Over the past century and a half ethnic and religious identities in Central Asia have undergone considerable change and modification. Under Tsarist, and then Soviet rule, the transition from one form of definition to another took place in a stable environment, within the framework of a larger polity. Regional hostilities and resentments could be held in check, and, if necessary, forcibly suppressed. Today, there is no superior power to intervene …

  • Islam, the state and ethnicity in Central Asia in historical perspective

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•1996•Cited by: 8•References: 6

    (1996). Islam, the state and ethnicity in Central Asia in historical perspective. Religion, State and Society: Vol. 24, No. 2-3, pp. 91-132

  • From the Gulf to Central Asia: Players in the new great game

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•International Affairs•1995•Cited by: 3

    Journal Article From the Gulf to Central Asia: players in the new great game Get access From the Gulf to Central Asia: players in the new great game. Edited by Anoushiravan Ehteshami. Exeter: University of Exeter Press. 1995. 242pp. Index. Pb.: £14.99. ISBN 0 85989 451 7. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner 1School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International …

  • Post‐Soviet Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Diplomacy and Statecraft•1994•Cited by: 1

  • Salt Damage to Islamic Monuments in Uzbekistan

    Shirin Akiner, Akiner et al.•ARTICLE•Geographical Journal•1992•References: 1

  • Soviet Central Asia: ‘A Tragic Experiment’

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•International Affairs•1990•Cited by: 8

    Journal Article Soviet Central Asia: ‘a tragic experiment’ Get access Soviet Central Asia: ‘a tragic experiment’. By Boris Z. Rumer. London: Unwin Hyman. 1989. 204pp. Index. £25.00. ISBN 0 04 445146 6. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner 1School of Oriental and African Studies, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 66, Issue 3, July 1990, Page 620, https://doi.org/10.2307/2623155 Pub…

  • C. Reviews and notes: Bibliographies and works of reference

    Colin Wakefield, Ian Richard Netton et al.•ARTICLE•British Society for Middle…•1988

    FAHARIS AL‐MAKHTUTAT AL‐'ARABIYYA FI AL‐'ALAM. Compiled by KURKIS ‘AWWAD. Kuwait, Ma'had al‐Makhtūtat al‐'Arabiyya, 1984. 2 vols. 445; 448pp. A SURVEY OF THE SCIENTIFIC MANUSCRIPTS IN THE EGYPTIAN NATIONAL LIBRARY. By DAVID A. KING. (American Research Center in Egypt: Catalogs, 5.) Winona Lake, Eisenbrauns, 1986. xiv, 331pp. (incl. illustrations on pp.221–331). US $54.50 (cloth); US $39.50 (paperback). AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ISLAMIC SCIENCE…

  • Islamic Peoples of the Soviet Union

    Sergei Shuiskii, Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•The Slavic and East European…•1984

  • Contemporary Young Byelorussian Poets (1967-1975)

    Open Access•Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•The Journal of Belarusian Studies•1976•Cited by: 1

Next
  • Melting pot, salad bowl - cauldron? Manipulation and mobilization of ethnic and religious identities in Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Ethnic and Racial Studies•1997•Cited by: 20•References: 2

    Over the past century and a half ethnic and religious identities in Central Asia have undergone considerable change and modification. Under Tsarist, and then Soviet rule, the transition from one form of definition to another took place in a stable environment, within the framework of a larger polity. Regional hostilities and resentments could be held in check, and, if necessary, forcibly suppressed. Today, there is no superior power to intervene …

  • The Politicisation of Islam in Postsoviet Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•2003•Cited by: 16•References: 1

  • Islam, the state and ethnicity in Central Asia in historical perspective

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•1996•Cited by: 8•References: 6

    (1996). Islam, the state and ethnicity in Central Asia in historical perspective. Religion, State and Society: Vol. 24, No. 2-3, pp. 91-132

  • Soviet Central Asia: ‘A Tragic Experiment’

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•International Affairs•1990•Cited by: 8

    Journal Article Soviet Central Asia: ‘a tragic experiment’ Get access Soviet Central Asia: ‘a tragic experiment’. By Boris Z. Rumer. London: Unwin Hyman. 1989. 204pp. Index. £25.00. ISBN 0 04 445146 6. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner 1School of Oriental and African Studies, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 66, Issue 3, July 1990, Page 620, https://doi.org/10.2307/2623155 Pub…

  • The Struggle for Civil Society in Central Asia: Crisis and Transformation

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Europe Asia Studies•2012•Cited by: 3

  • Silk Roads, Great Games and Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Asian Affairs•2011•Cited by: 3

    The ancient Silk roads covered a vast area stretching beyond what we would now call Central Asia, originally a somewhat vague geographical and cultural concept, but certainly the locus of the 19th century great game between Russia and Britain. In 1924, the borders of the five “stans” were delimited, intended as administrative borders, not the international borders they became at the break-up of the Soviet Union, when the then presidents played a …

  • From the Gulf to Central Asia: Players in the new great game

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•International Affairs•1995•Cited by: 3

    Journal Article From the Gulf to Central Asia: players in the new great game Get access From the Gulf to Central Asia: players in the new great game. Edited by Anoushiravan Ehteshami. Exeter: University of Exeter Press. 1995. 242pp. Index. Pb.: £14.99. ISBN 0 85989 451 7. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner 1School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International …

  • Central Asian Pilgrims: Hajj Routes and Pious Visits between Central Asia and the Hijaz

    Shirin Akiner, Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Church and State•2013•Cited by: 2

    Journal Article Central Asian Pilgrims: Hajj Routes and Pious Visits between Central Asia and the Hijaz Get access Central Asian Pilgrims: Hajj Routes and Pious Visits between Central Asia and the Hijaz. Edited by Alexandre Papas, Thomas Welsford, and Thierry Zarcone. Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 2012. 331pp. $64.00. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner University of CambridgeCambridge, United Kingdom [email protected] Search for other works by this a…

  • Post‐Soviet Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Diplomacy and Statecraft•1994•Cited by: 1

  • Contemporary Young Byelorussian Poets (1967-1975)

    Open Access•Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•The Journal of Belarusian Studies•1976•Cited by: 1

  • The Vocabulary of a Byelorussian K’it’ ab in the British Museum

    Open Access•Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•The Journal of Belarusian Studies•1973•References: 1

    Antiik'ija, Ant1och.K'ifab: dvuch ,paslav (razeslav) da Antak'iji; gdi poslali dvuch tovarisav do mesta Antak

  • Contemporary Young Byelorussian Poets (1967-1975)

    Open Access•Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•The Journal of Belarusian Studies•1976•Cited by: 1

  • Islamic Peoples of the Soviet Union

    Sergei Shuiskii, Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•The Slavic and East European…•1984

  • C. Reviews and notes: Bibliographies and works of reference

    Colin Wakefield, Ian Richard Netton et al.•ARTICLE•British Society for Middle…•1988

    FAHARIS AL‐MAKHTUTAT AL‐'ARABIYYA FI AL‐'ALAM. Compiled by KURKIS ‘AWWAD. Kuwait, Ma'had al‐Makhtūtat al‐'Arabiyya, 1984. 2 vols. 445; 448pp. A SURVEY OF THE SCIENTIFIC MANUSCRIPTS IN THE EGYPTIAN NATIONAL LIBRARY. By DAVID A. KING. (American Research Center in Egypt: Catalogs, 5.) Winona Lake, Eisenbrauns, 1986. xiv, 331pp. (incl. illustrations on pp.221–331). US $54.50 (cloth); US $39.50 (paperback). AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ISLAMIC SCIENCE…

  • Soviet Central Asia: ‘A Tragic Experiment’

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•International Affairs•1990•Cited by: 8

    Journal Article Soviet Central Asia: ‘a tragic experiment’ Get access Soviet Central Asia: ‘a tragic experiment’. By Boris Z. Rumer. London: Unwin Hyman. 1989. 204pp. Index. £25.00. ISBN 0 04 445146 6. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner 1School of Oriental and African Studies, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 66, Issue 3, July 1990, Page 620, https://doi.org/10.2307/2623155 Pub…

  • Salt Damage to Islamic Monuments in Uzbekistan

    Shirin Akiner, Akiner et al.•ARTICLE•Geographical Journal•1992•References: 1

  • Post‐Soviet Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Diplomacy and Statecraft•1994•Cited by: 1

  • From the Gulf to Central Asia: Players in the new great game

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•International Affairs•1995•Cited by: 3

    Journal Article From the Gulf to Central Asia: players in the new great game Get access From the Gulf to Central Asia: players in the new great game. Edited by Anoushiravan Ehteshami. Exeter: University of Exeter Press. 1995. 242pp. Index. Pb.: £14.99. ISBN 0 85989 451 7. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner 1School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International …

  • Islam, the state and ethnicity in Central Asia in historical perspective

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•1996•Cited by: 8•References: 6

    (1996). Islam, the state and ethnicity in Central Asia in historical perspective. Religion, State and Society: Vol. 24, No. 2-3, pp. 91-132

  • Melting pot, salad bowl - cauldron? Manipulation and mobilization of ethnic and religious identities in Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Ethnic and Racial Studies•1997•Cited by: 20•References: 2

    Over the past century and a half ethnic and religious identities in Central Asia have undergone considerable change and modification. Under Tsarist, and then Soviet rule, the transition from one form of definition to another took place in a stable environment, within the framework of a larger polity. Regional hostilities and resentments could be held in check, and, if necessary, forcibly suppressed. Today, there is no superior power to intervene …

  • Familiar Strangers: A History of Muslims in Northwest China

    Shirin Akiner•REVIEW•The American Historical Review•2000

    List of MapsList of IllustrationsAcknowledgmentsPrefaceIntroduction: Purposes and Form of a Muslim History in ChinaThe Frontier Ground and Peoples of Northwest ChinaAcculturation and Accommodation: China's Muslims to the 17th CenturyConnections: Muslims in the Early Qing, 1644-1781Strategies of Resistance: Integration by ViolenceStrategies of Integration: Muslims in New ChinaConclusion: Familiar StrangersChinese Character GlossaryBibliographyInde…

  • The Politicisation of Islam in Postsoviet Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•2003•Cited by: 16•References: 1

  • Fostering Fundamentalism: Terrorism, Democracy and American Engagement in Central Asia * by Matthew Crosston

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2007

    Journal Article Fostering Fundamentalism: Terrorism, Democracy and American Engagement in Central Asia By Matthew Crosston Get access Fostering Fundamentalism: Terrorism, Democracy and American Engagement in Central AsiaBy Matthew Crosston (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 2006), 186 pp. Price HB £55.00. EAN 978–0–754–64632–7. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scho…

  • Tajikistan in the New Central Asia: Geopolitics, Great Power Rivalry and Radical Islam * by Lena Jonson

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2007

    Tajikistan, situated in the south west of Central Asia, in the high mountains bordering Afghanistan and China, was one of the fifteen constituent republics of the Soviet Union. Its remote, landlocked location and relatively limited resource base hindered economic development and it was consequently one of the poorest of the Soviet republics, heavily dependent on the central government for subsidies and development aid. In 1992, shortly after the …

  • Islam in Central Asia * by Ludmila Polonskaya and Alexei Malashenko

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2009

    Journal Article Islam in Central AsiaBy Ludmila Polonskaya and Alexei Malashenko Get access Islam in Central AsiaBy Ludmila Polonskaya and Alexei Malashenko (Ithaca: Reading, 2008), 171 pp. Price PB £14.99. EAN 978–0863723360. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner Cambridge Central Asia Forum, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Islamic Studies, Volume 21, Issue 2, May 2010, Pages 315–…

  • Oil, Islam and Conflict: Central Asia since 1945 * By ROB JOHNSON

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2009

    The thematic emphasis of this book is stated unambiguously by its title, which picks out three pot-boiling issues: Oil, Islam and above all (written in larger letters than the other two words), Conflict. The geographic focus is described as ‘Central Asia’. Like all such regional designations, this term can be interpreted in many different ways. Usually, however, there is some underlying historical, cultural or political rationale for the definiti…

  • History of civilisations of Central Asia, volume VI: Towards the contemporary period: from the mid-nineteenth century to the end of the twentieth century

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Central Asian Survey•2009

  • The Temptations of Tyranny in Central Asia * By David Lewis

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Islamic Studies•2010

    Journal Article The Temptations of Tyranny in Central AsiaBy David Lewis Get access The Temptations of Tyranny in Central AsiaBy David Lewis (London: Hurst and Co., 2008), 208 pp.; map; index. Price HB £16.95. EAN 978–1850658337. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner Cambridge Central Asia Forum, University of Cambridge E-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Islamic Studies, Volume 2…

  • Silk Roads, Great Games and Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Asian Affairs•2011•Cited by: 3

    The ancient Silk roads covered a vast area stretching beyond what we would now call Central Asia, originally a somewhat vague geographical and cultural concept, but certainly the locus of the 19th century great game between Russia and Britain. In 1924, the borders of the five “stans” were delimited, intended as administrative borders, not the international borders they became at the break-up of the Soviet Union, when the then presidents played a …

  • The Struggle for Civil Society in Central Asia: Crisis and Transformation

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Europe Asia Studies•2012•Cited by: 3

  • Cultural Change and Continuity In Central Asia

    Akiner Akiner, Shirin Akiner•BOOK•Cultural Change and Continuity In…•2013

  • Central Asian Pilgrims: Hajj Routes and Pious Visits between Central Asia and the Hijaz

    Shirin Akiner, Akiner•ARTICLE•Journal of Church and State•2013•Cited by: 2

    Journal Article Central Asian Pilgrims: Hajj Routes and Pious Visits between Central Asia and the Hijaz Get access Central Asian Pilgrims: Hajj Routes and Pious Visits between Central Asia and the Hijaz. Edited by Alexandre Papas, Thomas Welsford, and Thierry Zarcone. Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 2012. 331pp. $64.00. Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner University of CambridgeCambridge, United Kingdom [email protected] Search for other works by this a…

  • Turkmenistan: Strategies of Power, Dilemmas of Development

    Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•Europe Asia Studies•2014

    Turkmenistan is a difficult country to understand. Its early history is marked by large-scale migrations of peoples moving across its territory, some to settle, others on their way to distant desti

  • Cultural Hybridity in the Religious Literature of the Tatars of North-Eastern Europe

    Shirin Akiner, Shirin Akiner Shirin Akiner•ARTICLE•The Slavonic and East European…•2017

    The Muslim Tatars of north-eastern Europe (Belarus, Lithuania and Poland) present an interesting example of cultural hybridity. Despite limited contact with the world of Islam, they preserved their Muslim identity for over eight centuries, combining the customs and norms of their adopted homeland, while maintaining their traditional practice of Islam. The religious literature they created (in Belarusian-Polish, written in the Arabic script) demon…

  • Sustainable Development in Central Asia

    Shirin Akiner, Sander Tideman et al.•BOOK•Sustainable Development in…•2020

History (18 works) · Ancient history (17 works) · History (16 works) · Central asia (15 works) · Political science (15 works) · Islam (12 works) · Soviet and Russian History (11 works) · Archaeology (10 works) · Geography (10 works) · Law (10 works)

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