William E Kraus
Biographic Data
| ID | 1561901 |
|---|---|
| NAME | William E Kraus |
| GIVEN NAMES | William E |
| FAMILY NAME | Kraus |
| SIGNATURE | KRAUS W E |
| AFFILIATIONS | Duke University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1930-9684 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 10 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 5 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 10 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Race and sex differences in dropout from the STRRIDE trials
Purpose To determine if race and sex differences exist in determinants and timing of dropout among individuals enrolled in an exercise and/or caloric restriction intervention. Methods A total of 947 adults with dyslipidemia (STRRIDE I, STRRIDE AT/RT) or prediabetes (STRRIDE-PD) were randomized to either inactive control or to 1 of 10 exercise interventions, ranging from doses of 8–23 kcal/kg/week, intensities of 50%–75% V ̇ O 2 peak, and duration…
The Relation of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Serum Uric Acid Using the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004
Objective: Gout is a crystal-induced inflammatory arthritis caused by elevated uric acid. Physical activity has the potential to reduce serum uric acid (SUA), thus improving the disease burden of gout. In this study, we examined the association of objectively-measured physical activity and SUA. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using survey, laboratory, and accelerometer data from the 2003–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examinati…
Variability in energy expenditure is much greater in males than females
In mammals, trait variation is often reported to be greater among males than females. However, to date, mainly only morphological traits have been studied. Energy expenditure represents the metabolic costs of multiple physical, physiological, and behavioral traits. Energy expenditure could exhibit particularly high greater male variation through a cumulative effect if those traits mostly exhibit greater male variation, or a lack of greater male v…
Aerobic, Resistance, and Combination Training on Health-Related Quality of Life: The STRRIDE-AT/RT Randomized Trial
Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to determine the differential effects of aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), and a combination of aerobic and resistance training (AT/RT) on changes in self-rated HrQoL measures, including the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) survey and Satisfaction with Physical Function and Appearance survey. We also sought to determine if combination training (AT/RT) has a more or less additive effect compared to A…
Physical Activity, All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality, and Cardiovascular Disease
Systolic Blood Pressure and Socioeconomic Status in a large multi-study population
The present study used harmonized data from eight studies (N = 28,891) to examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and resting systolic blood pressure (SBP). The study replicates and extends our prior work on this topic by examining potential moderation of this association by race and gender. We also examined the extent to which body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and smoking might explain the association between SE…
Lifestyle and Neurocognition in Older Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognitive Impairment
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship of lifestyle factors and neurocognitive functioning in older adults with vascular risk factors and cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND). METHODS: One hundred sixty adults (M [SD] = 65.4 [6.8] years) with CIND completed neurocognitive assessments of executive function, processing speed, and memory. Objective measures of physical activity using accelerometry, aerobic capacity det…
Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
BACKGROUND: Poor lifestyle behaviors, including suboptimal diet, physical inactivity, and tobacco use, are leading causes of preventable diseases globally. Although even modest population shifts in risk substantially alter health outcomes, the optimal population-level approaches to improve lifestyle are not well established. METHODS AND RESULTS: For this American Heart Association scientific statement, the writing group systematically reviewed an…
Interventions to Promote Physical Activity and Dietary Lifestyle Changes for Cardiovascular Risk Factor Reduction in Adults: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
A pproximately 79 400 000 American adults, or 1 in 3, have cardiovascular disease (CVD). 1 CVD accounts for 36.3% or 1 of every 2.8 deaths in the United States and is the leading cause of death among both men and women in the United States, killing an average of 1 American every 37 seconds. 1 Older adults, some ethnic minority populations, and socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals have an increased prevalence of CVD and vascular/metabolic r…
Cancer Survivors' Health Worries and Associations with Lifestyle Practices
This study examined among recently diagnosed breast and prostate cancer survivors ( N = 678) associations between worry about a future diagnosis of heart disease or cancer and hypothetical and actual adherence to exercise and dietary guidelines. Greater worry about future illness was reported under the hypothetical scenario of nonadherence to guidelines relative to the scenario of adherence. Worry about potential heart disease was associated with…
Variability in energy expenditure is much greater in males than females
In mammals, trait variation is often reported to be greater among males than females. However, to date, mainly only morphological traits have been studied. Energy expenditure represents the metabolic costs of multiple physical, physiological, and behavioral traits. Energy expenditure could exhibit particularly high greater male variation through a cumulative effect if those traits mostly exhibit greater male variation, or a lack of greater male v…
Cancer Survivors' Health Worries and Associations with Lifestyle Practices
This study examined among recently diagnosed breast and prostate cancer survivors ( N = 678) associations between worry about a future diagnosis of heart disease or cancer and hypothetical and actual adherence to exercise and dietary guidelines. Greater worry about future illness was reported under the hypothetical scenario of nonadherence to guidelines relative to the scenario of adherence. Worry about potential heart disease was associated with…
Cancer Survivors' Health Worries and Associations with Lifestyle Practices
This study examined among recently diagnosed breast and prostate cancer survivors ( N = 678) associations between worry about a future diagnosis of heart disease or cancer and hypothetical and actual adherence to exercise and dietary guidelines. Greater worry about future illness was reported under the hypothetical scenario of nonadherence to guidelines relative to the scenario of adherence. Worry about potential heart disease was associated with…
Interventions to Promote Physical Activity and Dietary Lifestyle Changes for Cardiovascular Risk Factor Reduction in Adults: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
A pproximately 79 400 000 American adults, or 1 in 3, have cardiovascular disease (CVD). 1 CVD accounts for 36.3% or 1 of every 2.8 deaths in the United States and is the leading cause of death among both men and women in the United States, killing an average of 1 American every 37 seconds. 1 Older adults, some ethnic minority populations, and socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals have an increased prevalence of CVD and vascular/metabolic r…
Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
BACKGROUND: Poor lifestyle behaviors, including suboptimal diet, physical inactivity, and tobacco use, are leading causes of preventable diseases globally. Although even modest population shifts in risk substantially alter health outcomes, the optimal population-level approaches to improve lifestyle are not well established. METHODS AND RESULTS: For this American Heart Association scientific statement, the writing group systematically reviewed an…
Lifestyle and Neurocognition in Older Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognitive Impairment
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship of lifestyle factors and neurocognitive functioning in older adults with vascular risk factors and cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND). METHODS: One hundred sixty adults (M [SD] = 65.4 [6.8] years) with CIND completed neurocognitive assessments of executive function, processing speed, and memory. Objective measures of physical activity using accelerometry, aerobic capacity det…
Physical Activity, All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality, and Cardiovascular Disease
Systolic Blood Pressure and Socioeconomic Status in a large multi-study population
The present study used harmonized data from eight studies (N = 28,891) to examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and resting systolic blood pressure (SBP). The study replicates and extends our prior work on this topic by examining potential moderation of this association by race and gender. We also examined the extent to which body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and smoking might explain the association between SE…
Aerobic, Resistance, and Combination Training on Health-Related Quality of Life: The STRRIDE-AT/RT Randomized Trial
Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to determine the differential effects of aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), and a combination of aerobic and resistance training (AT/RT) on changes in self-rated HrQoL measures, including the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) survey and Satisfaction with Physical Function and Appearance survey. We also sought to determine if combination training (AT/RT) has a more or less additive effect compared to A…
The Relation of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Serum Uric Acid Using the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004
Objective: Gout is a crystal-induced inflammatory arthritis caused by elevated uric acid. Physical activity has the potential to reduce serum uric acid (SUA), thus improving the disease burden of gout. In this study, we examined the association of objectively-measured physical activity and SUA. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using survey, laboratory, and accelerometer data from the 2003–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examinati…
Variability in energy expenditure is much greater in males than females
In mammals, trait variation is often reported to be greater among males than females. However, to date, mainly only morphological traits have been studied. Energy expenditure represents the metabolic costs of multiple physical, physiological, and behavioral traits. Energy expenditure could exhibit particularly high greater male variation through a cumulative effect if those traits mostly exhibit greater male variation, or a lack of greater male v…
Race and sex differences in dropout from the STRRIDE trials
Purpose To determine if race and sex differences exist in determinants and timing of dropout among individuals enrolled in an exercise and/or caloric restriction intervention. Methods A total of 947 adults with dyslipidemia (STRRIDE I, STRRIDE AT/RT) or prediabetes (STRRIDE-PD) were randomized to either inactive control or to 1 of 10 exercise interventions, ranging from doses of 8–23 kcal/kg/week, intensities of 50%–75% V ̇ O 2 peak, and duration…
Medicine (9 works) · Environmental health (5 works) · Internal Medicine (5 works) · Physical Activity and Health (5 works) · Physical therapy (5 works) · Demography (4 works) · Population (4 works) · Psychological intervention (4 works) · Psychology (4 works) · Cardiovascular and exercise physiology (3 works)