Theresa M Marteau
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1562331 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Theresa M Marteau |
| NOMBRES | Theresa M |
| APELLIDO | Marteau |
| FIRMA | MARTEAU T M |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Cambridge |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3025-1129 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 97 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 368 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 97 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1984 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Do nudges need a regulatory push? Comparing the effectiveness and implementation of exemplar nudge (size-based) and non-nudge (price-based) dietary interventions
Changing behaviour across populations is key to improving population health and achieving net zero by 2050, including changing diets. We examine the extent to which nudges, with the potential to contribute to such change, are being implemented alongside traditional approaches. We compare the effectiveness and extent of implementation into policy of two interventions to improve diets: size-based interventions that alter portion, package or tablewa…
Does gender influence the selection of vegetarian and meat meals and how does this affect environmental footprints of women and men
Impact on sales of adding a smaller serving size of beer and cider in licensed premises
ISRCTN: https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN33169631 (08/09/2021), OSF: https://osf.io/xkgdb/ (08/09/2021)
Explaining the effect on food selection of altering availability
ISRCTN ( http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN27598623 ; 3/12/19 [Study 1]; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN61010183 ; 20/4/20 [Study 2])
Effect of visualising and re-expressing evidence of policy effectiveness on perceived effectiveness
Communicating evidence that a policy is effective can increase public support although the effects are small. In the context of policies to increase healthier eating in out-of-home restaurants, we investigate two ways of presenting evidence for a policy's effectiveness: (i) visualising and (ii) re-expressing evidence into a more interpretable form. We conducted an online experiment in which participants were randomly allocated to one of five grou…
Effect of health warning labels on motivation towards energy-dense snack foods
Health warning labels (HWLs) show promise in reducing motivation towards energy-dense snack foods. Understanding the underlying mechanisms could optimise their effectiveness. In two experimental studies in general population samples (Study 1 n = 90; Study 2 n = 1382), we compared the effects of HWLs and irrelevant aversive labels (IALs) on implicit (approach) motivation towards unhealthy snacks, using an approach-avoidance task (Study 1), and a m…
Public support for policies to improve population and planetary health
Impact of increasing the availability of healthier vs. less-healthy food on food selection
ISRCTN: ISRCTN34626166 ; 11/06/2018; Retrospectively registered
Size and shape of plates and size of wine glasses and bottles
Smaller tableware (i.e. plates and wine glasses) decreases the amount of food and wine self-served in an initial serving. Future studies are required to generate estimates on selection and consumption in real world settings when numerous servings are possible. Protocol registration information: OSF ( https://osf.io/dj3c6/ ) and ISRCTN ( https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN66774780 )
Cigarette pack size and consumption
https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN34202533
Electronic cigarette and smoking paraphernalia point of sale displays
E-cigarette and smoking paraphernalia POS displays are near ubiquitous and highly visible in major tobacco retailers in two cities in England. The impact of these displays on tobacco smoking in children and adults is unknown, meriting urgent research to assess their effect on susceptibility to tobacco smoking in children
Impact of altering the available food options on selection
Increasing the availability of lower-energy foods increases their selection. The current studies examine the extent to which this effect could be mediated by social norms – assessed by perceived popularity of foods – which may be implied by their relative availability. Study 1 (Online): 2340 UK adults estimated the perceived popularity of products. Participants were randomised to see photos of cafeteria shelves varying in the availability of lowe…
Effects of pairing health warning labels with energy-dense snack foods on food choice and attitudes
BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence concerning the potential effectiveness of health warning labels (HWLs) using images and text to depict possible negative health consequences of consumption, for reducing selection of energy-dense snack foods. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms have received little attention; particularly effects on implicit attitudes, which previous work has shown may mediate the effect of aversive images on food choice. …
Biodiversity conservation as a promising frontier for behavioural science
Straight-sided beer and cider glasses to reduce alcohol sales for on-site consumption
BACKGROUND: Straight-sided glasses can slow the rate of lager consumption in a laboratory setting compared with curved glasses. Slower drinking rates may lower overall alcohol consumption. Glass shape is therefore a potential target for intervention. The aim of this randomised crossover trial was to estimate the impact of serving draught beer and cider in straight-sided glasses, compared with usual, predominantly curved glasses, on alcohol sales …
Communicating Evidence about the Causes of Obesity and Support for Obesity Policies
Public support for numerous obesity policies is low, which is one barrier to their implementation. One reason for this low support is the tendency to ascribe obesity to failings of willpower as opposed to the environment. Correlational evidence supports this position. However, the experimental evidence is mixed. In two experimental studies, participants were randomised to receive no message, messages about the environment's influence on obesity (…
Image-and-text health warning labels on alcohol and food
Image-and-text health warning labels depicting bowel cancer showed greatest potential for reducing selection and consumption of alcoholic drinks and energy-dense snacks, although they were the least acceptable. Laboratory and field studies are needed to assess their impact on selection and consumption
The impact on selection of non-alcoholic vs alcoholic drink availability
Greater availability of non-alcoholic drinks, compared to alcoholic drinks, increased their online selection, an effect that may be larger when changing their relative availability, i.e., increasing the proportion of non-alcoholic drinks. Naturalistic studies are needed to determine the impact of availability interventions on reducing alcohol purchasing and consumption
Impact of health warning labels on snack selection
Excessive consumption of energy-dense food increases the risk of obesity, which in turn increases the risk of non-communicable diseases, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes and most non-smoking-related cancers. Health warning labels (HWLs) that communicate the adverse health consequences of excess energy consumption could reduce intake of energy-dense foods. The aim of the current study was to estimate the impact on selection of energy-dense…
The impact of ‘on-pack’ pictorial health warning labels and calorie information labels on drink choice
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are one of the largest added sugar sources to diets in the UK and USA. Health warning labels reduce hypothetical selection of SSBs in online studies but uncertainty surrounds their impact on selection of drinks for consumption. Calorie information labels are also promising but their impact on SSB selection is unclear. This laboratory study assessed the impact on SSB selection of 'on-pack' labels placed directly on…
Increasing the proportion of healthier foods available with and without reducing portion sizes and energy purchased in worksite cafeterias
The study was prospectively registered on ISRCTN (date: 24.05.19; TRN: ISRCTN87225572; doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN87225572)
ACEs
There is strong evidence linking adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and poor outcomes in adulthood both in terms of mental and physical health. Gaps in both the evidence base and research priorities still exist. These include understanding how to identify and assess risk in children who have experienced ACEs, and also the development and, importantly, the evaluation of interventions. Outstanding gaps include whether there are sensitive periods …
Impact of increasing the proportion of healthier foods available on energy purchased in worksite cafeterias
Increasing the proportion of healthier foods available could encourage healthier consumption, but evidence to date is limited in scope and quality. The current study aimed to: (a) examine the feasibility and acceptability of intervening to change product availability in worksite cafeterias; and (b) estimate the impact on energy purchased of increasing the proportion of healthier (i.e. lower energy) cooked meals, snacks, cold drinks and sandwiches…
Impact of proximity of healthier versus less healthy foods on intake
BACKGROUND: Placing food further away from people decreases likelihood of consumption ("Proximity Effect"). However, it is unclear how proximity affects consumption when both healthier and less healthy foods are available and cognitive resource for self-control is limited. AIMS: To test the hypothesis that when both healthier (raisins) and less healthy (chocolate M&Ms) foods are available, placing less healthy food far, rather than near, increase…
What is the impact of increasing the prominence of calorie labelling? A stepped wedge randomised controlled pilot trial in worksite cafeterias
BACKGROUND: Calorie labelling may help to reduce energy consumption, but few well-controlled experimental studies have been conducted in real world settings. In a previous randomised controlled pilot trial we did not observe an effect of calorie labelling on energy purchased in worksite cafeterias. In the present study we sought to enhance the effect by making the labels more prominent, and to address the operational challenges reported previousl…
The Place of Inter-Rater Reliability in Qualitative Research
Assessing inter-rater reliability, whereby data are independently coded and the codings compared for agreements, is a recognised process in quantitative research. However, its applicability to qualitative research is less clear: should researchers be expected to identify the same codes or themes in a transcript or should they be expected to produce different accounts? Some qualitative researchers argue that assessing inter-rater reliability is an…
The TIPPME intervention typology for changing environments to change behaviour
Revealed identity
Public acceptability of nudging and taxing to reduce consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and food
There is growing evidence for the effectiveness of choice architecture or 'nudge' interventions to change a range of behaviours including the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and food. Public acceptability is key to implementing these and other interventions. However, few studies have assessed public acceptability of these interventions, including the extent to which acceptability varies with the type of intervention, the target behaviour and with…
Socioeconomic differences in purchases of more vs. less healthy foods and beverages
Will genetic testing for predisposition for disease result in fatalism? A qualitative study of parents responses to neonatal screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia
Making Sense of Risk
This study investigates perceptions of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) and its genetic basis in patients diagnosed with, and receiving treatment for, FH. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven patients. Transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Participants reported engaging in an active process of seeking causes for their FH. FH was invariably attributed to genes. In some cases diet and str…
Priming healthy eating. You can't prime all the people all of the time
OBJECTIVE: In the context of a food purchasing environment filled with advertising and promotions, and an increased desire from policy makers to guide individuals toward choosing healthier foods, this study tests whether priming methods that use healthy food adverts to increase preference for healthier food generalize to a representative population. METHODS: In two studies (Study 1 n = 143; Study 2 n = 764), participants were randomly allocated t…
Self-regulation and the behavioural response to DNA risk information
The purpose of attributing cause
Sales impact of displaying alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages in end-of-aisle locations
Public acceptability of population-level interventions to reduce alcohol consumption
Effect of snack-food proximity on intake in general population samples with higher and lower cognitive resource
OBJECTIVE: Placing snack-food further away from people consistently decreases its consumption ("proximity effect"). However, given diet-related health inequalities, it is important to know whether interventions that alter food proximity have potential to change behaviour regardless of cognitive resource (capacity for self-control). This is often lower in those in lower socio-economic positions, who also tend to have less healthy diet-related beha…
Communicating quantitative evidence of policy effectiveness and support for the policy
Increasing the prices of products that harm health is an effective intervention for changing behaviour to improve health but public support for such interventions is generally low. The current paper investigates whether communicating evidence of a policy's effectiveness at tackling the focal problem could increase support. Across three studies we develop an infographic for communicating quantitative evidence of the effectiveness of a hypothetical…
Making food labels social
Recent studies report that using green labels to denote healthier foods, and red to denote less healthy foods increases consumption of green- and decreases consumption of red-labelled foods. Other symbols (e.g. emoticons conveying normative approval and disapproval) could also be used to signal the healthiness and/or acceptability of consuming such products. The present study tested the combined effects of using emoticons and colours on labels am…
Why don't poor men eat fruit? Socioeconomic differences in motivations for fruit consumption
BACKGROUND: Those of lower socioeconomic status (SES) tend to have less healthy diets than those of higher SES. This study aimed to assess whether differences in motivations for particular foods might contribute to socioeconomic differences in consumption. METHODS: Participants (n = 732) rated their frequency of consumption and explicit liking of fruit, cake and cheese. They reported eating motivations (e.g., health, hunger, price) and related at…
Public support for policies to improve population and planetary health
Biodiversity conservation as a promising frontier for behavioural science
Alcohol advertising and public health
Background Alcohol consumption is influenced by a complex causal system of interconnected psychological, behavioural, social, economic, legal and environmental factors. These factors are shaped by governments (eg, licensing laws and taxation), by consumers (eg, patterns of alcohol consumption drive demand) and by alcohol industry practices, such as advertising. The marketing and advertising of alcoholic products contributes to an ‘alcogenic envir…
Genetic unexceptionalism
Perceived Risk and Representations of Cardiovascular Disease and Preventive Behaviour in People Diagnosed with Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Perceived risk and representations of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and preventive behaviour of people diagnosed with Familial Hypercholesterolemia by DNA testing ( N = 81) were assessed. In general, participants perceived their own CVD risk as being relatively low. While participants reported almost optimal medication adherence (99%), only 49 per cent reported following recommendations concerning diet and physical activity. Family history of CVD…
Impact of altering the available food options on selection
Increasing the availability of lower-energy foods increases their selection. The current studies examine the extent to which this effect could be mediated by social norms – assessed by perceived popularity of foods – which may be implied by their relative availability. Study 1 (Online): 2340 UK adults estimated the perceived popularity of products. Participants were randomised to see photos of cafeteria shelves varying in the availability of lowe…
What is the impact of increasing the prominence of calorie labelling? A stepped wedge randomised controlled pilot trial in worksite cafeterias
BACKGROUND: Calorie labelling may help to reduce energy consumption, but few well-controlled experimental studies have been conducted in real world settings. In a previous randomised controlled pilot trial we did not observe an effect of calorie labelling on energy purchased in worksite cafeterias. In the present study we sought to enhance the effect by making the labels more prominent, and to address the operational challenges reported previousl…
What do the British public think of inequality in health, wealth, and power
Interventions to Increase Self-efficacy in the Context of Addiction Behaviours
This article describes the effectiveness of interventions aimed at increasing self-efficacy and consequently, changing addiction behaviours. Electronic databases were searched and bibliographies of retrieved references scanned. Ten studies targeting tobacco smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use met the inclusion criteria. The interventions ranged from computer-generated tailored letters to intensive group-based interventions. Seven of the 10 stud…
Fear of animals
The present study examines one aspect of the concept of preparedness: what characteristics of animals humans are prepared to fear. Group I subjects (n = 64) rated how fearful they were of 29 small, harmless animals. Group II subjects (n = 49) made ratings of the perceptual characteristics of these same animals. Fear ratings were found to be significantly correlated with animal characteristics' ratings. It was suggested that preparedness to fear c…
The development of a six‐item short‐form of the state scale of the Spielberger State—Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)
Two studies are reported describing the development of a short‐form of the state scale of the Spielberger State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for use in circumstances where the full‐form is inappropriate. Using item–remainder correlations, the most highly correlated anxiety‐present and anxiety‐absent items were combined, and correlated with scores obtained using the full‐form of the STAI. Correlation coefficients greater than .90 were obtained u…
A comparison of public and professionals' attitudes towards genetic developments
This study assesses the attitudes of the general public and of three professional groups to: genetic developments: the desired scope and availability of genetic testing in pregnancy; and decision-making about availability. Questionnaires were sent to 163 professionals and given directly to 973 members of the public by Gallup. Genetic developments were found to evoke both positive and negative feelings in all groups, but with the public being less…
Attributions for disability
The Place of Inter-Rater Reliability in Qualitative Research
Assessing inter-rater reliability, whereby data are independently coded and the codings compared for agreements, is a recognised process in quantitative research. However, its applicability to qualitative research is less clear: should researchers be expected to identify the same codes or themes in a transcript or should they be expected to produce different accounts? Some qualitative researchers argue that assessing inter-rater reliability is an…
Revealed identity
Psychological impact of predicting individuals’ risks of illness
Non-response bias in prospective studies of patients and health care professionals
Low participation and high attrition rates in research studies may produce socially and psychologically biased study samples which limit the generalizability of findings. Although this problem is often acknowledged, published studies sometimes fail to assess and report non-response bias and make few efforts to prevent it. Two examples, one involving patients and another involving health professionals, are reported to illustrate the problem. The f…
Will genetic testing for predisposition for disease result in fatalism? A qualitative study of parents responses to neonatal screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia
Perceptions of Multiple Risk Factors for Heart Attacks
There is increasing evidence that in some diseases such as coronary heart disease, risk factors may interact synergistically, resulting in greater likelihood of disease than would be produced by the sum of the risk factors. These two studies aimed to examine the extent to which 210 undergraduate students and 28 heart attack patients perceive risk factors to combine synergistically. Respondents read one of four vignettes, describing information ab…
A measure of informed choice
Objective To develop a measure of informed choice. Conceptualization and measurement The measure is based on the following definition of an informed choice: one that is based on relevant knowledge, consistent with the decision‐maker’s values and behaviourally implemented. The measure comprises an eight‐item scale of knowledge, a four‐item scale assessing attitudes towards undergoing the screening test and a record of test uptake. Participants Six…
Eliciting Causal Beliefs about Heart Attacks
Objective To compare beliefs about the importance of different factors in causing heart attacks, elicited by explicit questionnaire ratings and an implicit vignette task. Method In two separate studies: (1) 107 adults (aged 40-60 years); and (2) 134 students completed two tasks: (a) a questionnaire in which they explicitly rated the importance of a number of causes of heart attacks; and (b) a vignette task in which they implicitly used risk facto…
Making Sense of Risk
This study investigates perceptions of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) and its genetic basis in patients diagnosed with, and receiving treatment for, FH. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven patients. Transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Participants reported engaging in an active process of seeking causes for their FH. FH was invariably attributed to genes. In some cases diet and str…
The impact of learning of a genetic predisposition to nicotine dependence
Learning of a genetic predisposition to nicotine dependence may increase desire for effective cessation methods, but may undermine the perceived importance of willpower in stopping smoking
Different measures of risk perceptions yield different patterns of interaction for combinations of hazards
Some combinations of hazards yield disease rates greater than would be expected from the risk attributable to each hazard in isolation. However, perceptions are often more consistent with the combined risk being seen as less than the sum of the individual factors, raising concerns over the validity of some measures of risk perception. Here, 249 adults estimated the risk of cardiac events for four hypothetical men, described as having high or low …
Poorer self assessed health in a prospective study of men with screen detected abdominal aortic aneurysm
Study objectives: To assess the extent to which poorer self assessed health in men in whom an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is detected at screening is a consequence or a predictor of screening outcome. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Community based screening. Participants: 23 654 men who attended for AAA screening as part of the UK multicentre aneurysm screening study completed a measure of self assessed health before screening. A total o…
Self-regulation and the behavioural response to DNA risk information
The purpose of attributing cause
General practitioners' beliefs about effectiveness and intentions to prescribe smoking cessation medications
GPs vary in their beliefs about the effectiveness and safety of smoking cessation medications. Their intentions to prescribe these medications vary in line with these beliefs. Interventions aimed at increasing the likelihood with which GPs prescribe these medications may be more effective if they addressed these beliefs
Assessing Perceptions of Risks due to Multiple Hazards
Valid measures of how people view risks due to combinations of hazards are needed. 320 adult smokers responded to four vignettes in which hypothetical men were described as having high or low levels of (1) smoking and (2) either (a) blood cholesterol or (b) family history of CHD (coronary heart disease). Ratings of the risk of a heart attack were made using one of three different rating scales: (a) nine‐point, (b) 101‐point, and (c) unbounded. Th…
Personal and Social Comparison Information about Health Risk
This study extended previous research on the impact of personal and social comparison information about health risk by asking respondents what other information they require. A total of 197 students responded to 1 of 12 vignettes describing hypothetical risks of developing pancreatic disease. These vignettes varied in terms of personal risk, comparison group risk and disease severity. Higher threat manipulations elicited higher ratings of negativ…
Interventions to Increase Self-efficacy in the Context of Addiction Behaviours
This article describes the effectiveness of interventions aimed at increasing self-efficacy and consequently, changing addiction behaviours. Electronic databases were searched and bibliographies of retrieved references scanned. Ten studies targeting tobacco smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use met the inclusion criteria. The interventions ranged from computer-generated tailored letters to intensive group-based interventions. Seven of the 10 stud…
Impact of an informed choice invitation on uptake of screening for diabetes in primary care (Dicision)
The DICISION trial is a rigorous pragmatic denominator based clinical trial of an informed choice invitation to diabetes screening, which addresses some key limitations of previous trials
Assessing Unrealistic Optimism
The effects of measurement method on levels of unrealistic optimism for developing diabetes were examined in 323 UK adults. A mixed factorial design comprised direct and indirect measures of unrealistic optimism as the within-subjects variable, and between-subjects manipulations of the order of direct versus indirect assessment, the order of self-other comparison, the number of response options used and the polarity of the ratings. More unrealist…
Trial Protocol
This is the first clinical trial evaluating the behavioural impact on adherence of prescribing medication using genetic rather than phenotypic information. Specific issues regarding the choice of design for trials of interventions of this kind are discussed. TRIAL DETAILS: Funder: Medical Research Council (MRC)Grant number: G0500274. ISRCTN: 14352545. Date trial stated: June 2007. Expected end date: December 2009. Expected reporting date: Decembe…
Medicine (80 obras) · Psychology (62 obras) · Environmental health (43 obras) · Behavioral Health and Interventions (41 obras) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (34 obras) · Social Psychology (32 obras) · Public health (24 obras) · Population (23 obras) · Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling (22 obras) · Social Psychology (22 obras)