P J L Frankl
Biographic Data
| ID | 156753 |
|---|---|
| NAME | P J L Frankl |
| GIVEN NAMES | P J L |
| FAMILY NAME | Frankl |
| SIGNATURE | FRANKL P J L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Transnational Press London |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 27 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 13 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 27 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1989 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Mombasa Cathedral and the CMS Compound
Exactly when Islam arrived on the Swahili coast is difficult to say, but Mombasa was a Muslim town long before the arrival of Vasco da Gama in 1498. During the two centuries or so that the Portuguese-Christians occupied this part of the sea route from Europe to India there were churches in Mombasa and elsewhere in Swahililand, but none has endured. Modern Christianity dates from 1844, when Ludwig Krapf arrived in Mombasa. Before then Mombasa was …
Obituary
The Exile of Sayyid Khalid bin Barghash Al-BuSa‘idi
At the end of the nineteenth century Sayyid Khalid bin Barghash Al-BuSa‘idi wished to rule his Swahili sultanate not as the puppet of the British but as an independent ruler. By seeking support from Germany, he provoked active opposition from Britain, then the ruling power in Zanzibar. As a result, his reign ended after only three days. This article uses material in the National Archives (Public Record Office), Kew, and in the Seychelles National…
The old German consulate in British East Africa
Mombasa and the entire Swahili coast of Eastern Africa have long had historical and cultural links with the rest of the Indian Ocean region, and this article reflects those links. The mansion in question is a nineteenth century house situated between the Portuguese-built fort and what is now the Old Port. Over the past century the house has had four owners, three of them Muslim. The first was a gentleman from Oman, who almost certainly built the …
Who Was Rex Boustead? An Excursus on the Mombasa Club's First Proprietor
In a previous article in History in Africa the rules and regulations of the Mombasa Club, dating from 1903 or earlier, were laid out (Frankl 2001). Since that article was written, the original Mombasa Club Rules , a booklet of sixteen pages printed in Mombasa and dated 1899, has come to light in the Public Record Office at Kew. One of the three signatories to that document was Rex Boustead, Proprietor. Edward Rodwell (1988:20) asked “Who was Rex …
The Early Years of the Mombasa Club
The word “club” as employed in “Mombasa Club” derives from the late eighteenth century and signifies “an association of people formed mainly for social purposes and having premises, providing meals, temporary accommodation, etc., for the use of members.” The early nineteenth century saw a spate of new London clubs such as the Travellers in 1819 (for gentlemen who had traveled abroad), and in 1824 both the Athenaeum (the most intellectually elite …
H.E. Lambert (1893–1967)
H.E. Lambert was born in England in 1893; he went to East Africa in 1919 and worked for the British colonial administration until he retired in 1950. He worked in Shimoni in 1923/24 and spoke perfect kiVumba and he composed poetry in that dialect. Later he was in Lamu in 1929, and there he had the opportunity to further his study of Swahili language and poetry under Muhammad Kijumwa. After W.E. Taylor (1856–1927) only Sheikh Lambert amongst Engli…
The Idea of 'the Holy' in Swahili
On dit quelquefois que les langues Bantoues preferent les mots concrets et sont pauvres en concepts abstraits, et, de fait, on ne trouve pas le mot 'saint' dans les quatre volumes des Langues Bantoues de Guthrie (1971). Hors ce dernier a fait une selection, car le concept de la saintete n'est pas absent dans cette famille de langues. Le swahili, membre de cette famille et parle par les peuples swahilis, peut etre decrite comme une langue de l'Isl…
A
TWO INDIAN TRAVELLERS: EAST AFRICA 1902–1906. Edited by Cynthia Salvadori with Judy Aldrick. Mombasa, Friends of Fort Jesus, 1997. x + 242 pp. K. Shs 900.00 (pb). THE HERITAGE OF OMAN; A CELEBRATION IN PHOTOGRAPHS. By Pauline Sheldon (with photographs by Ozzie Newcombe). Reading, Garnet Publishing Limited, 1995. 160 pp. £30.00 COMRADES AND ENEMIES. ARAB AND JEWISH WORKERS IN PALESTINE, 1906–1948. By Zachary Lockman. Berkeley and Los Angeles, Univ…
An Historical Review of the Arabic Rendering of Swahili Together with Proposals for the Development of a Swahili Writing System in Arabic Script (Based on the Swahili of Mombasa)
This article provides an historical review of the Arabic rendering of Swahili, while Appendix A (Parts I and II) contains proposals for the development of Arabic script to yield a phonologically adequate writing system for a variety of Swahili spoken on the East African coast – the variety known as kiMvita (central Swahili), and spoken from just north of T’akaungu to Mombasa, and thence as far south as Gasi. Parallel possibilities for the refinem…
Feasts and Riot
The passage from India - indentured immigrants come to Natal 1860-1911 heaven on earth in Springfield flats - the peasant option the edge of town - Durban and the Indian working class 1900-30 It is my work - labour segmentation and militancy 1935-60 destroying communities - the impact of group areas 1950-80 insiders and outsiders - the working class of the Apartheid era 1960-90
A
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HADITH. By John Burton. (Islamic Surveys.) Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 1994. 210 pp. £39.95 (hb); £16.95 (pb). POLITICS, GENDER, AND THE ISLAMIC PAST: THE LEGACY OF ‘A'ISHA BINT ABI BAKR. By D. A. Spellberg. New York, Columbia University Press, 1995. 250 pp. $35.00. MEDIEVAL ISMA'ILI HISTORY AND THOUGHT. Edited by Farhad Daftary. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1996. 331 pp. £40.00 THE THRONE CARRIER OF GO…
The Observance of Ramadan in Swahili-Land
THE OBSERVANCE OF RAMADAN IN SWAHILI-LAND* (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MOMBASA) BY PJ.L. FRANKL in consultation with YAHYA ALI OMAR In the Islamic calendar Ramadan is the month of the year during which Muslims throughout the world observe strict fasting between dawn and sunset; this is the fourth of the five pillars of Islam. 'The fast of the month of Ramadan is obligatory [Ar. fard or MM/!7'] for every believer provided he [or she] be of sound mi…
The Observance of Ramadan in Swahili-Land (With Special Reference to Mombasa)
In the Islamic calendar Ramadan is the month of the year during which Muslims throughout the world observe strict fasting between dawn and sunset; this is the fourth of the five pillars of Islam. 'The fast of the month of Ramadan is obligatory [Ar. fard or wajib] for every believer provided he [or she] be of sound mind, an adult, and able to support it' (al-NawawI 1914: 99). With regard to Ramadan the entire Islamic world follows the same religio…
The World of the Swahili
The Word for 'God' in Swahili
Les autochtones, habitants de la terre Swahili sur la cote est-africaine (Somaliland et Mozambique), utilisent un langage particulier pour parler de Dieu. Le mot mngu ou dieu est utilise par les Swahili pour designer celui qu'on adore. Ce qui importe pour les Swahili n'est pas le mot utilise pour faire reference a celui qui est adore, mais les attributs accordes au mot. Si la religion est evolutive, le terme linguistique designant un etre surnatu…
The Word for 'God' in Swahili
A
BYZANTIUM AND THE EARLY ISLAMIC CONQUESTS. By WALTER E. KAEGI. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1992. xiii, 313pp. 5 maps, 2 pp. of plates. £45.00 (hb). STUDIES IN EARLY MUSLIM JURISPRUDENCE. By NORMAN CALDER. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1993. xiv, 257pp. £35.00. GOLDEN ROADS: MIGRATION, PILGRIMAGE AND TRAVEL IN MEDIAEVAL AND MODERN ISLAM. Edited by IAN RICHARD NETTON. Richmond (Surrey), Curzon Press, 1993. xvii, 193pp. £35 (hb), £16.99 (pb). …
Swahili letters from the Taylor papers (being a study of Soas MS 47769 & MS 47782)
Siku Ya Mwaka
Les Swahili de l'Afrique de l'Est, d'origine musulmane et de langue bantue, notamment les Mombosa, fetent le premier janvier. Seule une douzaine de tribus poursuivent la tradition de la nouvelle annee swahili basee sur le calendrier de l'annee solaire. Elles expriment ainsi leurs espoirs et leurs craintes en priant Dieu de delivrer les Swahili du mal pour les 365 jours a venir
Siku Ya Mwaka
A. Reviews
THE CIVILIZATIONS OF ASIA AND THE MIDDLE EAST BEFORE THE EUROPEAN CHALLENGE. By JAROSLAV KREJCI. Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1990. 348 pp. .£37.50 (hb). THE ORIGINS OF ARAB NATIONALISM. Edited by RASHID KHALIDI, LISA ANDERSON, MUHAMMAD MUSLIH, and REEVA S. SIMON. 288 pp. + glossary, bibliography, index. New York, Columbia University Press, 1991. THE ARAB STATE. Edited by GIACOMO LUCIANI. London, Routledge, 1990. 454 pp., bibliography, index, tables. …
An Arabic deed of sale from Swahili Mombasa dated 1292/1875
Robert Finlay's description of San'a’ in 1238–1239/1823
B
ATLAS OF THE MIDDLE EAST. Edited by M. BRAWER. New York, Macmillan; London, Collier Macmillan, 1988. 140pp. US$54.‐ A CHRONOLOGY OF ISLAMIC HISTORY 570–1000 CE. By H.U. RAHMAN. London, Mansell, 1989. xvi, 181pp. 3 maps, 3 genealogical tables. £25.00 ASTRONOMY OF ISLAMIC TIMES FOR THE TWENTY‐FIRST CENTURY. By MOHAMMAD ILYAS. London, Mansell, 1988. 254pp. £40.00. AL‐KASHSHAF AL‐ISLAMI: MAJALLA FASLIYYA BIBLIYUGHRAFIYYA. Edited by UBAIDLY UBAIDLY. V…
The World of the Swahili
The Observance of Ramadan in Swahili-Land (With Special Reference to Mombasa)
In the Islamic calendar Ramadan is the month of the year during which Muslims throughout the world observe strict fasting between dawn and sunset; this is the fourth of the five pillars of Islam. 'The fast of the month of Ramadan is obligatory [Ar. fard or wajib] for every believer provided he [or she] be of sound mind, an adult, and able to support it' (al-NawawI 1914: 99). With regard to Ramadan the entire Islamic world follows the same religio…
The Early Years of the Mombasa Club
The word “club” as employed in “Mombasa Club” derives from the late eighteenth century and signifies “an association of people formed mainly for social purposes and having premises, providing meals, temporary accommodation, etc., for the use of members.” The early nineteenth century saw a spate of new London clubs such as the Travellers in 1819 (for gentlemen who had traveled abroad), and in 1824 both the Athenaeum (the most intellectually elite …
An Historical Review of the Arabic Rendering of Swahili Together with Proposals for the Development of a Swahili Writing System in Arabic Script (Based on the Swahili of Mombasa)
This article provides an historical review of the Arabic rendering of Swahili, while Appendix A (Parts I and II) contains proposals for the development of Arabic script to yield a phonologically adequate writing system for a variety of Swahili spoken on the East African coast – the variety known as kiMvita (central Swahili), and spoken from just north of T’akaungu to Mombasa, and thence as far south as Gasi. Parallel possibilities for the refinem…
The Observance of Ramadan in Swahili-Land
THE OBSERVANCE OF RAMADAN IN SWAHILI-LAND* (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MOMBASA) BY PJ.L. FRANKL in consultation with YAHYA ALI OMAR In the Islamic calendar Ramadan is the month of the year during which Muslims throughout the world observe strict fasting between dawn and sunset; this is the fourth of the five pillars of Islam. 'The fast of the month of Ramadan is obligatory [Ar. fard or MM/!7'] for every believer provided he [or she] be of sound mi…
An Arabic deed of sale from Swahili Mombasa dated 1292/1875
The Word for "God" in Swahili
The Swahili language originates in Africa; the religion of the Swahili people derives from Arabia. Such a marriage between an African language and a Semitic religion must be of interest to both the Africanist and the student of Islam. This paper attempts to examine the Swahili word for God, showing how the inhabitants of Swahili-land, without in any way compromising their religious orthodoxy, have preferred to retain the indigenous African word, …
B. Reviews
AN INTRODUCTION TO ISLAM. By GERHARD ENDRESS. Translated by CAROLE HILLENBRAND. Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 1988. ix + 293pp. H/B £29.95, P/B £9.50. A HISTORY OF ISLAMIC SOCIETIES. By IRA M. LAPIDUS. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1988. 1002pp. £35.00. THE GREAT POWERS AND THE MIDDLE EAST 1919–1939. Edited by URIEL DANN. (Collected Papers Series of the Dayan Centre for Middle Eastern and African Studies, Tel Aviv University.) N…
Robert Finlay's description of San'a’ in 1238–1239/1823
B
ATLAS OF THE MIDDLE EAST. Edited by M. BRAWER. New York, Macmillan; London, Collier Macmillan, 1988. 140pp. US$54.‐ A CHRONOLOGY OF ISLAMIC HISTORY 570–1000 CE. By H.U. RAHMAN. London, Mansell, 1989. xvi, 181pp. 3 maps, 3 genealogical tables. £25.00 ASTRONOMY OF ISLAMIC TIMES FOR THE TWENTY‐FIRST CENTURY. By MOHAMMAD ILYAS. London, Mansell, 1988. 254pp. £40.00. AL‐KASHSHAF AL‐ISLAMI: MAJALLA FASLIYYA BIBLIYUGHRAFIYYA. Edited by UBAIDLY UBAIDLY. V…
The Word for "God" in Swahili
The Swahili language originates in Africa; the religion of the Swahili people derives from Arabia. Such a marriage between an African language and a Semitic religion must be of interest to both the Africanist and the student of Islam. This paper attempts to examine the Swahili word for God, showing how the inhabitants of Swahili-land, without in any way compromising their religious orthodoxy, have preferred to retain the indigenous African word, …
Siku Ya Mwaka
Les Swahili de l'Afrique de l'Est, d'origine musulmane et de langue bantue, notamment les Mombosa, fetent le premier janvier. Seule une douzaine de tribus poursuivent la tradition de la nouvelle annee swahili basee sur le calendrier de l'annee solaire. Elles expriment ainsi leurs espoirs et leurs craintes en priant Dieu de delivrer les Swahili du mal pour les 365 jours a venir
Siku Ya Mwaka
A. Reviews
THE CIVILIZATIONS OF ASIA AND THE MIDDLE EAST BEFORE THE EUROPEAN CHALLENGE. By JAROSLAV KREJCI. Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1990. 348 pp. .£37.50 (hb). THE ORIGINS OF ARAB NATIONALISM. Edited by RASHID KHALIDI, LISA ANDERSON, MUHAMMAD MUSLIH, and REEVA S. SIMON. 288 pp. + glossary, bibliography, index. New York, Columbia University Press, 1991. THE ARAB STATE. Edited by GIACOMO LUCIANI. London, Routledge, 1990. 454 pp., bibliography, index, tables. …
An Arabic deed of sale from Swahili Mombasa dated 1292/1875
A
BYZANTIUM AND THE EARLY ISLAMIC CONQUESTS. By WALTER E. KAEGI. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1992. xiii, 313pp. 5 maps, 2 pp. of plates. £45.00 (hb). STUDIES IN EARLY MUSLIM JURISPRUDENCE. By NORMAN CALDER. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1993. xiv, 257pp. £35.00. GOLDEN ROADS: MIGRATION, PILGRIMAGE AND TRAVEL IN MEDIAEVAL AND MODERN ISLAM. Edited by IAN RICHARD NETTON. Richmond (Surrey), Curzon Press, 1993. xvii, 193pp. £35 (hb), £16.99 (pb). …
Swahili letters from the Taylor papers (being a study of Soas MS 47769 & MS 47782)
The Word for 'God' in Swahili
Les autochtones, habitants de la terre Swahili sur la cote est-africaine (Somaliland et Mozambique), utilisent un langage particulier pour parler de Dieu. Le mot mngu ou dieu est utilise par les Swahili pour designer celui qu'on adore. Ce qui importe pour les Swahili n'est pas le mot utilise pour faire reference a celui qui est adore, mais les attributs accordes au mot. Si la religion est evolutive, le terme linguistique designant un etre surnatu…
The Word for 'God' in Swahili
A
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HADITH. By John Burton. (Islamic Surveys.) Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 1994. 210 pp. £39.95 (hb); £16.95 (pb). POLITICS, GENDER, AND THE ISLAMIC PAST: THE LEGACY OF ‘A'ISHA BINT ABI BAKR. By D. A. Spellberg. New York, Columbia University Press, 1995. 250 pp. $35.00. MEDIEVAL ISMA'ILI HISTORY AND THOUGHT. Edited by Farhad Daftary. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1996. 331 pp. £40.00 THE THRONE CARRIER OF GO…
The Observance of Ramadan in Swahili-Land
THE OBSERVANCE OF RAMADAN IN SWAHILI-LAND* (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MOMBASA) BY PJ.L. FRANKL in consultation with YAHYA ALI OMAR In the Islamic calendar Ramadan is the month of the year during which Muslims throughout the world observe strict fasting between dawn and sunset; this is the fourth of the five pillars of Islam. 'The fast of the month of Ramadan is obligatory [Ar. fard or MM/!7'] for every believer provided he [or she] be of sound mi…
The Observance of Ramadan in Swahili-Land (With Special Reference to Mombasa)
In the Islamic calendar Ramadan is the month of the year during which Muslims throughout the world observe strict fasting between dawn and sunset; this is the fourth of the five pillars of Islam. 'The fast of the month of Ramadan is obligatory [Ar. fard or wajib] for every believer provided he [or she] be of sound mind, an adult, and able to support it' (al-NawawI 1914: 99). With regard to Ramadan the entire Islamic world follows the same religio…
The World of the Swahili
An Historical Review of the Arabic Rendering of Swahili Together with Proposals for the Development of a Swahili Writing System in Arabic Script (Based on the Swahili of Mombasa)
This article provides an historical review of the Arabic rendering of Swahili, while Appendix A (Parts I and II) contains proposals for the development of Arabic script to yield a phonologically adequate writing system for a variety of Swahili spoken on the East African coast – the variety known as kiMvita (central Swahili), and spoken from just north of T’akaungu to Mombasa, and thence as far south as Gasi. Parallel possibilities for the refinem…
Feasts and Riot
The passage from India - indentured immigrants come to Natal 1860-1911 heaven on earth in Springfield flats - the peasant option the edge of town - Durban and the Indian working class 1900-30 It is my work - labour segmentation and militancy 1935-60 destroying communities - the impact of group areas 1950-80 insiders and outsiders - the working class of the Apartheid era 1960-90
A
TWO INDIAN TRAVELLERS: EAST AFRICA 1902–1906. Edited by Cynthia Salvadori with Judy Aldrick. Mombasa, Friends of Fort Jesus, 1997. x + 242 pp. K. Shs 900.00 (pb). THE HERITAGE OF OMAN; A CELEBRATION IN PHOTOGRAPHS. By Pauline Sheldon (with photographs by Ozzie Newcombe). Reading, Garnet Publishing Limited, 1995. 160 pp. £30.00 COMRADES AND ENEMIES. ARAB AND JEWISH WORKERS IN PALESTINE, 1906–1948. By Zachary Lockman. Berkeley and Los Angeles, Univ…
H.E. Lambert (1893–1967)
H.E. Lambert was born in England in 1893; he went to East Africa in 1919 and worked for the British colonial administration until he retired in 1950. He worked in Shimoni in 1923/24 and spoke perfect kiVumba and he composed poetry in that dialect. Later he was in Lamu in 1929, and there he had the opportunity to further his study of Swahili language and poetry under Muhammad Kijumwa. After W.E. Taylor (1856–1927) only Sheikh Lambert amongst Engli…
The Idea of 'the Holy' in Swahili
On dit quelquefois que les langues Bantoues preferent les mots concrets et sont pauvres en concepts abstraits, et, de fait, on ne trouve pas le mot 'saint' dans les quatre volumes des Langues Bantoues de Guthrie (1971). Hors ce dernier a fait une selection, car le concept de la saintete n'est pas absent dans cette famille de langues. Le swahili, membre de cette famille et parle par les peuples swahilis, peut etre decrite comme une langue de l'Isl…
The Early Years of the Mombasa Club
The word “club” as employed in “Mombasa Club” derives from the late eighteenth century and signifies “an association of people formed mainly for social purposes and having premises, providing meals, temporary accommodation, etc., for the use of members.” The early nineteenth century saw a spate of new London clubs such as the Travellers in 1819 (for gentlemen who had traveled abroad), and in 1824 both the Athenaeum (the most intellectually elite …
The old German consulate in British East Africa
Mombasa and the entire Swahili coast of Eastern Africa have long had historical and cultural links with the rest of the Indian Ocean region, and this article reflects those links. The mansion in question is a nineteenth century house situated between the Portuguese-built fort and what is now the Old Port. Over the past century the house has had four owners, three of them Muslim. The first was a gentleman from Oman, who almost certainly built the …
Who Was Rex Boustead? An Excursus on the Mombasa Club's First Proprietor
In a previous article in History in Africa the rules and regulations of the Mombasa Club, dating from 1903 or earlier, were laid out (Frankl 2001). Since that article was written, the original Mombasa Club Rules , a booklet of sixteen pages printed in Mombasa and dated 1899, has come to light in the Public Record Office at Kew. One of the three signatories to that document was Rex Boustead, Proprietor. Edward Rodwell (1988:20) asked “Who was Rex …
Obituary
History (23 works) · Global Maritime and Colonial Histories (19 works) · Philosophy (18 works) · Swahili (17 works) · Archaeology (14 works) · Linguistics (14 works) · History (13 works) · Ancient history (12 works) · Geography (10 works) · Islam (10 works)