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Axel Michaelowa

Biographic Data

ID1579653
NAMEAxel Michaelowa
GIVEN NAMESAxel
FAMILY NAMEMichaelowa
SIGNATUREMICHAELOWA A
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of Zurich
ORCID0000-0001-5053-3700
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS29
TOTAL CITATIONS139
WORKS AS AUTHOR29
WORKS AS EDITOR0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1998
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX6
  • Carbon markets rule change would harm mitigation and Indigenous peoples

    Open Access•Phillip Williamson, Axel Michaelowa et al.•ARTICLE•Nature Climate Change•2026

  • Can digital monitoring, reporting, and verification (dMRV) unlock industrial CO 2 capture and removal in carbon markets

    Open Access•Paulien Veen, Malte Winkler et al.•ARTICLE•Environmental Research Letters•2025

  • How Does Polycentric Engagement Relate to Countries’ NDC Ambition and Mitigation Policy Effort

    Paula Castro, Marlene Kammerer et al.•ARTICLE•Global Environmental Politics•2024

    Under the Paris Agreement, global climate governance has become decidedly more polycentric. However, it is still debated whether the turn toward greater polycentricity leads to more effectiveness in delivering public goods like climate change mitigation. This article argues that engagement in polycentric climate governance is linked to both more ambitious mitigation targets and stronger mitigation policy effort at the national level. Empirically,…

  • Governance of Fragmented Compliance and Voluntary Carbon Markets Under the Paris Agreement

    Open Access•Hanna-Mari Ahonen, Juliana Kessler et al.•ARTICLE•Politics and Governance•2022•Cited by: 2•References: 10

    Over the past two decades, the emergence of multiple carbon market segments has led to fragmentation of governance of international carbon markets. International baseline-and-credit systems for greenhouse gas mitigation have been repeatedly expected to wither away, but show significant resilience. Still, Parties to the Paris Agreement have struggled to finalize rules for market-based cooperation under Article 6, which are still being negotiated. …

  • Solar Radiation Modification ‐ A “Silver Bullet” Climate Policy for Populist and Authoritarian Regimes

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Global Policy•2021

    Populist and authoritarian leaders are increasingly coming to power in large countries. They often have a climate sceptic approach and do away with mitigation policies when coming to power. Increasing impacts of extreme meteorological events linked to climate change could lead to a situation where the supporters of the populist leader or elites crucial for the survival of an authoritarian regime are pushing to do something to address climate chan…

  • Evolution of international carbon markets

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Igor Shishlov et al.•ARTICLE•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2019•Cited by: 5•References: 15

    The Paris Agreement will greatly benefit from the past experience with international market mechanisms for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions and related regulatory systems, which have gone through four periods with specific challenges. The first period 1997–2004 operationalized the mechanisms defined in the Kyoto Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI). Pilot activities in different sectors were under…

  • Governing complexity

    Open Access•Stephan Hoch, Axel Michaelowa et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2019•Cited by: 3•References: 7

  • Renewable energy policy as an enabler of fossil fuel subsidy reform? Applying a socio-technical perspective to the cases of South Africa and Tunisia

    Open Access•Tobias S Schmidt, Tyeler Matsuo et al.•ARTICLE•Global Environmental Change•2017•Cited by: 11•References: 12

  • The growing influence of the UNFCCC Secretariat on the clean development mechanism

    Open Access•Katharina Michaelowa, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2016•Cited by: 7•References: 4

  • Transnational Climate Governance Initiatives

    Katharina Michaelowa, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•International Interactions•2016•Cited by: 37•References: 13

    The Paris Agreement of December 2015 set a highly ambitious target for global climate change mitigation, but it remains unclear how it will be reached, and the individual countries’ pledges do not add up to the overall target. Can transnational climate governance initiatives be expected to fill the gap? We assess 109 such initiatives based on four design criteria: existence of mitigation targets; incentives for mitigation; definition of a baselin…

  • Answer of the authors to the response of the Adaptation Fund Board Secretariat to the article

    Open Access•Martin Stadelmann, Åsa Persson et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2014

  • The politics of climate change in Germany

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2013•Cited by: 6•References: 1

    In 30 years of climate policy in Germany, a high level of declared ambition has coexisted with an eclectic mix of climate policy measures. Well‐organized lobbies were either exempt from policy instruments such as the energy tax or directly benefitted from them, as in the case of the renewable feed‐in tariff or windfall profits from free allocation of emissions allowances. As a result, German emissions mitigation is much more costly than it would …

  • Equity and cost-effectiveness of multilateral adaptation finance

    Open Access•Martin Stadelmann, Åsa Persson et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2013•Cited by: 3•References: 11

  • Coding Error or Statistical Embellishment? The Political Economy of Reporting Climate Aid

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Katharina Michaelowa•ARTICLE•World Development•2011•Cited by: 29•References: 7

  • The impact of discounting emission credits on the competitiveness of different CDM host countries

    Open Access•Paula Castro, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Ecological Economics•2010•Cited by: 4

  • What determines UN approval of greenhouse gas emission reduction projects in developing countries

    Open Access•Florens Flues, Axel Michaelowa et al.•ARTICLE•Public Choice•2010•Cited by: 4•References: 14

  • Greenhouse gas benefits of fighting obesity

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Björn Dransfeld•ARTICLE•Ecological Economics•2008

  • A synopsis of land use, land-use change and forestry (Lulucf) under the Kyoto Protocol and Marrakech Accords

    Open Access•Bernhard Schlamadinger, Neil Bird et al.•ARTICLE•Environmental Science & Policy•2007•Cited by: 17

  • Unilateral CDM—can developing countries finance generation of greenhouse gas emission credits on their own

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2006•Cited by: 2

  • Graduation and Deepening

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Sonja Butzengeiger et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2005•Cited by: 2•References: 3

  • Issues and Options for the Post-2012 Climate Architecture – An Overview

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Kristian Tangen et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2005•Cited by: 1•References: 5

  • Kyoto Institutions

    Simon Schmitz, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Environmental Politics•2005•Cited by: 1

    The 'first track' of Joint Implementation under the Kyoto Protocol gives host and investor countries total freedom in choosing a baseline for a project reducing or sequestering greenhouse gases. This is because an overly generous granting of emission credits leads to a corresponding reduction of the host country' s emission budget. However, a majority of interests prefers lax baselines and it is unlikely that cash-strapped governments can prevent…

  • International Environmental Policy. Interests and the Failure of the Kyoto Process

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Environmental Science & Policy•2004

  • Joint implementation and EU accession countries

    Open Access•Mercedes Fernández Armenteros, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Global Environmental Change•2003

  • Outlook for the International Climate Policy Regime– Revolution or Reform

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Richard S J Tol et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2002•Cited by: 1

Next
  • Transnational Climate Governance Initiatives

    Katharina Michaelowa, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•International Interactions•2016•Cited by: 37•References: 13

    The Paris Agreement of December 2015 set a highly ambitious target for global climate change mitigation, but it remains unclear how it will be reached, and the individual countries’ pledges do not add up to the overall target. Can transnational climate governance initiatives be expected to fill the gap? We assess 109 such initiatives based on four design criteria: existence of mitigation targets; incentives for mitigation; definition of a baselin…

  • Coding Error or Statistical Embellishment? The Political Economy of Reporting Climate Aid

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Katharina Michaelowa•ARTICLE•World Development•2011•Cited by: 29•References: 7

  • A synopsis of land use, land-use change and forestry (Lulucf) under the Kyoto Protocol and Marrakech Accords

    Open Access•Bernhard Schlamadinger, Neil Bird et al.•ARTICLE•Environmental Science & Policy•2007•Cited by: 17

  • Renewable energy policy as an enabler of fossil fuel subsidy reform? Applying a socio-technical perspective to the cases of South Africa and Tunisia

    Open Access•Tobias S Schmidt, Tyeler Matsuo et al.•ARTICLE•Global Environmental Change•2017•Cited by: 11•References: 12

  • The growing influence of the UNFCCC Secretariat on the clean development mechanism

    Open Access•Katharina Michaelowa, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2016•Cited by: 7•References: 4

  • The politics of climate change in Germany

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2013•Cited by: 6•References: 1

    In 30 years of climate policy in Germany, a high level of declared ambition has coexisted with an eclectic mix of climate policy measures. Well‐organized lobbies were either exempt from policy instruments such as the energy tax or directly benefitted from them, as in the case of the renewable feed‐in tariff or windfall profits from free allocation of emissions allowances. As a result, German emissions mitigation is much more costly than it would …

  • Evolution of international carbon markets

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Igor Shishlov et al.•ARTICLE•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2019•Cited by: 5•References: 15

    The Paris Agreement will greatly benefit from the past experience with international market mechanisms for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions and related regulatory systems, which have gone through four periods with specific challenges. The first period 1997–2004 operationalized the mechanisms defined in the Kyoto Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI). Pilot activities in different sectors were under…

  • The impact of discounting emission credits on the competitiveness of different CDM host countries

    Open Access•Paula Castro, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Ecological Economics•2010•Cited by: 4

  • What determines UN approval of greenhouse gas emission reduction projects in developing countries

    Open Access•Florens Flues, Axel Michaelowa et al.•ARTICLE•Public Choice•2010•Cited by: 4•References: 14

  • Governing complexity

    Open Access•Stephan Hoch, Axel Michaelowa et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2019•Cited by: 3•References: 7

  • Equity and cost-effectiveness of multilateral adaptation finance

    Open Access•Martin Stadelmann, Åsa Persson et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2013•Cited by: 3•References: 11

  • Implications of EU Enlargement on the EU Greenhouse Gas 'Bubble' and Internal Burden Sharing

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Regina Betz•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2001•Cited by: 3•References: 1

  • Governance of Fragmented Compliance and Voluntary Carbon Markets Under the Paris Agreement

    Open Access•Hanna-Mari Ahonen, Juliana Kessler et al.•ARTICLE•Politics and Governance•2022•Cited by: 2•References: 10

    Over the past two decades, the emergence of multiple carbon market segments has led to fragmentation of governance of international carbon markets. International baseline-and-credit systems for greenhouse gas mitigation have been repeatedly expected to wither away, but show significant resilience. Still, Parties to the Paris Agreement have struggled to finalize rules for market-based cooperation under Article 6, which are still being negotiated. …

  • Unilateral CDM—can developing countries finance generation of greenhouse gas emission credits on their own

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2006•Cited by: 2

  • Graduation and Deepening

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Sonja Butzengeiger et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2005•Cited by: 2•References: 3

  • Issues and Options for the Post-2012 Climate Architecture – An Overview

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Kristian Tangen et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2005•Cited by: 1•References: 5

  • Kyoto Institutions

    Simon Schmitz, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Environmental Politics•2005•Cited by: 1

    The 'first track' of Joint Implementation under the Kyoto Protocol gives host and investor countries total freedom in choosing a baseline for a project reducing or sequestering greenhouse gases. This is because an overly generous granting of emission credits leads to a corresponding reduction of the host country' s emission budget. However, a majority of interests prefers lax baselines and it is unlikely that cash-strapped governments can prevent…

  • Outlook for the International Climate Policy Regime– Revolution or Reform

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Richard S J Tol et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2002•Cited by: 1

  • Joint Implementation – the baseline issue

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Global Environmental Change•1998•Cited by: 1

  • Joint Implementation – the baseline issue

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Global Environmental Change•1998•Cited by: 1

  • Internationale Kompensationsmöglichkeiten zur CO2-Reduktion. Steuerliche Anreize und ordnungsrechtliche Maßnahmen

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Verfassung in Recht und Übersee•1998

    Law and Politics in Africa, Asia and Latin America" analyses legal and constitutional developments in all states or regions outside of Europe as well as their regional and international integration. Founded in 1968 and inspired by decolonization and the idea of a cooperative new beginning, the Journal also promotes a special interest in contributions on 'Law and development'. The journal aims to provide a forum for a variety of perspectives on th…

  • Implications of EU Enlargement on the EU Greenhouse Gas 'Bubble' and Internal Burden Sharing

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Regina Betz•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2001•Cited by: 3•References: 1

  • Convergence Criteria for Participation in the Flexible Mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Michael Dutschke et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2001

  • Outlook for the International Climate Policy Regime– Revolution or Reform

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Richard S J Tol et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2002•Cited by: 1

  • Joint implementation and EU accession countries

    Open Access•Mercedes Fernández Armenteros, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Global Environmental Change•2003

  • International Environmental Policy. Interests and the Failure of the Kyoto Process

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Environmental Science & Policy•2004

  • Graduation and Deepening

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Sonja Butzengeiger et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2005•Cited by: 2•References: 3

  • Issues and Options for the Post-2012 Climate Architecture – An Overview

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Kristian Tangen et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2005•Cited by: 1•References: 5

  • Kyoto Institutions

    Simon Schmitz, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Environmental Politics•2005•Cited by: 1

    The 'first track' of Joint Implementation under the Kyoto Protocol gives host and investor countries total freedom in choosing a baseline for a project reducing or sequestering greenhouse gases. This is because an overly generous granting of emission credits leads to a corresponding reduction of the host country' s emission budget. However, a majority of interests prefers lax baselines and it is unlikely that cash-strapped governments can prevent…

  • Unilateral CDM—can developing countries finance generation of greenhouse gas emission credits on their own

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2006•Cited by: 2

  • A synopsis of land use, land-use change and forestry (Lulucf) under the Kyoto Protocol and Marrakech Accords

    Open Access•Bernhard Schlamadinger, Neil Bird et al.•ARTICLE•Environmental Science & Policy•2007•Cited by: 17

  • Greenhouse gas benefits of fighting obesity

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Björn Dransfeld•ARTICLE•Ecological Economics•2008

  • The impact of discounting emission credits on the competitiveness of different CDM host countries

    Open Access•Paula Castro, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Ecological Economics•2010•Cited by: 4

  • What determines UN approval of greenhouse gas emission reduction projects in developing countries

    Open Access•Florens Flues, Axel Michaelowa et al.•ARTICLE•Public Choice•2010•Cited by: 4•References: 14

  • Coding Error or Statistical Embellishment? The Political Economy of Reporting Climate Aid

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Katharina Michaelowa•ARTICLE•World Development•2011•Cited by: 29•References: 7

  • The politics of climate change in Germany

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2013•Cited by: 6•References: 1

    In 30 years of climate policy in Germany, a high level of declared ambition has coexisted with an eclectic mix of climate policy measures. Well‐organized lobbies were either exempt from policy instruments such as the energy tax or directly benefitted from them, as in the case of the renewable feed‐in tariff or windfall profits from free allocation of emissions allowances. As a result, German emissions mitigation is much more costly than it would …

  • Equity and cost-effectiveness of multilateral adaptation finance

    Open Access•Martin Stadelmann, Åsa Persson et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2013•Cited by: 3•References: 11

  • Answer of the authors to the response of the Adaptation Fund Board Secretariat to the article

    Open Access•Martin Stadelmann, Åsa Persson et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2014

  • The growing influence of the UNFCCC Secretariat on the clean development mechanism

    Open Access•Katharina Michaelowa, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2016•Cited by: 7•References: 4

  • Transnational Climate Governance Initiatives

    Katharina Michaelowa, Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•International Interactions•2016•Cited by: 37•References: 13

    The Paris Agreement of December 2015 set a highly ambitious target for global climate change mitigation, but it remains unclear how it will be reached, and the individual countries’ pledges do not add up to the overall target. Can transnational climate governance initiatives be expected to fill the gap? We assess 109 such initiatives based on four design criteria: existence of mitigation targets; incentives for mitigation; definition of a baselin…

  • Renewable energy policy as an enabler of fossil fuel subsidy reform? Applying a socio-technical perspective to the cases of South Africa and Tunisia

    Open Access•Tobias S Schmidt, Tyeler Matsuo et al.•ARTICLE•Global Environmental Change•2017•Cited by: 11•References: 12

  • Evolution of international carbon markets

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa, Igor Shishlov et al.•ARTICLE•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2019•Cited by: 5•References: 15

    The Paris Agreement will greatly benefit from the past experience with international market mechanisms for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions and related regulatory systems, which have gone through four periods with specific challenges. The first period 1997–2004 operationalized the mechanisms defined in the Kyoto Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI). Pilot activities in different sectors were under…

  • Governing complexity

    Open Access•Stephan Hoch, Axel Michaelowa et al.•ARTICLE•International Environmental…•2019•Cited by: 3•References: 7

  • Solar Radiation Modification ‐ A “Silver Bullet” Climate Policy for Populist and Authoritarian Regimes

    Open Access•Axel Michaelowa•ARTICLE•Global Policy•2021

    Populist and authoritarian leaders are increasingly coming to power in large countries. They often have a climate sceptic approach and do away with mitigation policies when coming to power. Increasing impacts of extreme meteorological events linked to climate change could lead to a situation where the supporters of the populist leader or elites crucial for the survival of an authoritarian regime are pushing to do something to address climate chan…

Economics (21 works) · Climate Change Policy and Economics (19 works) · Political science (18 works) · Business (17 works) · Greenhouse gas (13 works) · Climate change (11 works) · Kyoto Protocol (11 works) · Finance (9 works) · Engineering (8 works) · Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies (7 works)

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