Nora C England
Biographic Data
| ID | 160401 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Nora C England |
| GIVEN NAMES | Nora C |
| FAMILY NAME | England |
| SIGNATURE | ENGLAND N C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Iowa |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 159 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1976 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Endangered Languages
Like most people who have done linguistic field work for thirty years or so, I have worked on languages which are now extinct, eight of them in my case, and I have studied, and continue to study, many languages which are seriously imperiled. My experience is far from unusual, and the testimony of field workers alone would amply illustrate the extent of language loss in the world of the present era
Mam
Mam belongs to the Mamean branch of the Eastern Division of Mayan languages. It is one of the largest of the Mayan languages (next after K’iche’, Yucatec, and Q’eqchi’) with over half a million speakers in 2001 ( Richards 2003 ). It is spoken in the Departments of Huehuetenango, Quetzaltenango, and San Marcos in Guatemala in 56 municipios , and is bordered on the north by Q’anjob’alan proper languages, on the west by Mocho’ and Teko, and on the e…
Phonology and Phonetics
The phonology of Mayan languages is well known both descriptively and historically. To begin the discussion of the sound systems of Mayan languages, it is useful to consider the sound inventory that has been reconstructed for Proto-Mayan ( Campbell and Kaufman 1985 :190; Campbell, this volume, slightly modified in terms of placement of *h and *χ). International Phonetic Alphabet symbols are used here and elsewhere in this chapter. The practical o…
The Mayan Languages
Mayan Languages
Plurality Agreement in Some Eastern Mayan Languages
A preliminary analysis of texts shows that third-person plural agreement marking in K’ichee’ is obligatory for animate nouns and optional but strongly dispreferred for inanimate nouns. In Mam, however, plural agreement marking is strongly preferred but still optional for animate nouns and, while it is not preferred for inanimate nouns, it is used with much greater frequency than in K’ichee’. It is likely that in K’ichee’ an innovative syntactic r…
To Tell a Tale: The Structure of Narrated Stories in Mam, A Mayan Language
This article explores the structure of narrative tales (myth/history, folktales) in Mam. Linguistic and stylistic features that are characteristic of tales include the use of an anchoring adverb within the first few clauses, patterns of the use of aspect markers that are typical of all narrative, the extensive and obligatory use of quoted dialogue, the optional use of ideophones as a part of narrative performance, and codas that locate the tale w…
Marking Aspect and Mood and Inferring Time in Mam (Mayan)
Training speakers of indigenous languages of Latin America at a US university
The core idea of CILLA is to recruit into our Linguistics and Anthropology Ph.D. programs promising graduate students from indigenous communities in Latin America. The students focus on documentary and descriptive linguistics, which we take as the starting point for
Issues in the comparative argument structure analysis in Mayan narratives
K'iche: A Study in the Sociology of Language . M. Paul Lewis
Mayan Language Revival and Revitalization Politics: Linguists and Linguistic Ideologies
Although spoken by a relatively large population, Mayan languages show signs of language shift and loss because the children in some of the speech communities are no longer learning the language. At the same time, Mayas are participating in a movement of cultural reaffirmation, a principle focus of which is language. Maya linguists are central in formulating and reshaping language ideologies to further the goals of revitalization, and they play a…
Commentary: Further Rhetorical Concerns
Mayan efforts toward language preservation
Mayan languages are among the most vigorous of indigenous American languages. They are spoken by over 6 million people in Guatemala alone (Tzian 1994), with significantly large numbers of speakers in southern and central Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo, San Luís Potosí, and Veracruz) and Belize. Although Mayas suffered great losses of population and territory as a result of the Spanish invasion of the sixteenth centur…
Linguistics and Indigenous American Languages: Mayan Examples
Most recent linguistic work on indigenous American languages has been done by foreign scholars. Speakers of all American languages who have been politically and economically marginalized since European contact are now, however, gaining some greater access to higher education and political power. Mayas have become increasingly interested in learning linguistics in order to take control of language decisions that affect them. They have both benefit…
Linguistics and Indigenous American Languages: Mayan Examples
International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. William Bright
Doing Mayan linguistics in Guatemala
Linguists working in Guatemala in recent years have had the benefit of being able to work with an increasingly linguistically sophisticated, politically aware, and culturally concerned population. Mayas have been quite forthright about informing linguists about what they believe to be the proper sort of linguistics to do. In 1985, for instance, a group of Mayas participating in the VIII Mayan Linguistics Workshop in Antigua Guatemala called on li…
Endangered Languages
Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages
Harvest of Violence
Harvest of Violence: The Maya Indians and the Guatamalan Crisis. Robert M. Carmack, (ed.). Norma and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1988. 334 pp. $21.95 (cloth). ISBN 0‐8061‐2131‐7
Comparing Mam (Mayan) Clause Structures: Subordinate versus Main Clauses
Harvest of Violence: Harvest of Violence: The Maya Indians and the Guatemalan Crisis
Mam voice
Supplement to the Handbook of Middle American Indians, Volume 3: Literatures . Munro S. Edmonson , ed
Mayan Language Revival and Revitalization Politics: Linguists and Linguistic Ideologies
Although spoken by a relatively large population, Mayan languages show signs of language shift and loss because the children in some of the speech communities are no longer learning the language. At the same time, Mayas are participating in a movement of cultural reaffirmation, a principle focus of which is language. Maya linguists are central in formulating and reshaping language ideologies to further the goals of revitalization, and they play a…
Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages
Endangered Languages
Ergativity in Mamean (Mayan) Languages
Commentary: Further Rhetorical Concerns
Doing Mayan linguistics in Guatemala
Linguists working in Guatemala in recent years have had the benefit of being able to work with an increasingly linguistically sophisticated, politically aware, and culturally concerned population. Mayas have been quite forthright about informing linguists about what they believe to be the proper sort of linguistics to do. In 1985, for instance, a group of Mayas participating in the VIII Mayan Linguistics Workshop in Antigua Guatemala called on li…
Plurality Agreement in Some Eastern Mayan Languages
A preliminary analysis of texts shows that third-person plural agreement marking in K’ichee’ is obligatory for animate nouns and optional but strongly dispreferred for inanimate nouns. In Mam, however, plural agreement marking is strongly preferred but still optional for animate nouns and, while it is not preferred for inanimate nouns, it is used with much greater frequency than in K’ichee’. It is likely that in K’ichee’ an innovative syntactic r…
Comparing Mam (Mayan) Clause Structures: Subordinate versus Main Clauses
To Tell a Tale: The Structure of Narrated Stories in Mam, A Mayan Language
This article explores the structure of narrative tales (myth/history, folktales) in Mam. Linguistic and stylistic features that are characteristic of tales include the use of an anchoring adverb within the first few clauses, patterns of the use of aspect markers that are typical of all narrative, the extensive and obligatory use of quoted dialogue, the optional use of ideophones as a part of narrative performance, and codas that locate the tale w…
A Grammar of Mam, a Mayan Language
Abbreviations Used in the Examples * Introduction * The Language and People * Research * Personnel * Previous Studies * Overview of the Grammar *1. Phonology * Phonemic Inventory * Phonemic Description * Summary of Phonological Processes * Stress * The Syllable * Juncture * Notes *2. Morphophonemics * Vowels * Glottals * Nasal Alternation *3. Roots and Words * Verbs * Nouns * Non-Verbal Predicates * Summary of Inflection * Positionals * Adjective…
Diccionario Tzotzil de San Andrés con Variaciones Dialectales . Alfa Hurley Vda. de Delgaty, Agustín Ruíz Sánchez
Tzeltal Phonology and Morphology . Terrence Kaufman The Jacaltec Language . Christopher Day
The Development of the Mam Person System
Linguistics: Jacaltec: The Structure of Jacaltec. Colette Grinevald Craig
Diccionario Tzotzil de San Andrés con Variaciones Dialectales . Alfa Hurley Vda. de Delgaty, Agustín Ruíz Sánchez
Ergativity in Mamean (Mayan) Languages
Applied: Is God an American?: An Anthropological Perspective on the Missionary Work of the Summer Institute of Linguistics. Soren Hvalkof and Peter Aaby
A Grammar of Mam, a Mayan Language
Abbreviations Used in the Examples * Introduction * The Language and People * Research * Personnel * Previous Studies * Overview of the Grammar *1. Phonology * Phonemic Inventory * Phonemic Description * Summary of Phonological Processes * Stress * The Syllable * Juncture * Notes *2. Morphophonemics * Vowels * Glottals * Nasal Alternation *3. Roots and Words * Verbs * Nouns * Non-Verbal Predicates * Summary of Inflection * Positionals * Adjective…
Supplement to the Handbook of Middle American Indians, Volume 3: Literatures . Munro S. Edmonson , ed
Mam voice
Harvest of Violence
Harvest of Violence: The Maya Indians and the Guatamalan Crisis. Robert M. Carmack, (ed.). Norma and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1988. 334 pp. $21.95 (cloth). ISBN 0‐8061‐2131‐7
Comparing Mam (Mayan) Clause Structures: Subordinate versus Main Clauses
Harvest of Violence: Harvest of Violence: The Maya Indians and the Guatemalan Crisis
Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages
Doing Mayan linguistics in Guatemala
Linguists working in Guatemala in recent years have had the benefit of being able to work with an increasingly linguistically sophisticated, politically aware, and culturally concerned population. Mayas have been quite forthright about informing linguists about what they believe to be the proper sort of linguistics to do. In 1985, for instance, a group of Mayas participating in the VIII Mayan Linguistics Workshop in Antigua Guatemala called on li…
Endangered Languages
International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. William Bright
Linguistics and Indigenous American Languages: Mayan Examples
Most recent linguistic work on indigenous American languages has been done by foreign scholars. Speakers of all American languages who have been politically and economically marginalized since European contact are now, however, gaining some greater access to higher education and political power. Mayas have become increasingly interested in learning linguistics in order to take control of language decisions that affect them. They have both benefit…
Linguistics and Indigenous American Languages: Mayan Examples
Mayan efforts toward language preservation
Mayan languages are among the most vigorous of indigenous American languages. They are spoken by over 6 million people in Guatemala alone (Tzian 1994), with significantly large numbers of speakers in southern and central Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo, San Luís Potosí, and Veracruz) and Belize. Although Mayas suffered great losses of population and territory as a result of the Spanish invasion of the sixteenth centur…
Commentary: Further Rhetorical Concerns
Issues in the comparative argument structure analysis in Mayan narratives
K'iche: A Study in the Sociology of Language . M. Paul Lewis
Mayan Language Revival and Revitalization Politics: Linguists and Linguistic Ideologies
Although spoken by a relatively large population, Mayan languages show signs of language shift and loss because the children in some of the speech communities are no longer learning the language. At the same time, Mayas are participating in a movement of cultural reaffirmation, a principle focus of which is language. Maya linguists are central in formulating and reshaping language ideologies to further the goals of revitalization, and they play a…
Training speakers of indigenous languages of Latin America at a US university
The core idea of CILLA is to recruit into our Linguistics and Anthropology Ph.D. programs promising graduate students from indigenous communities in Latin America. The students focus on documentary and descriptive linguistics, which we take as the starting point for
Marking Aspect and Mood and Inferring Time in Mam (Mayan)
History (18 works) · Linguistics (18 works) · Philosophy (18 works) · Computer Science (14 works) · History (12 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Spanish Linguistics and Language Studies (11 works) · Philosophy (10 works) · Political science (9 works) · Historical Linguistics and Language Studies (8 works)