Gary T Henry
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1604601 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Gary T Henry |
| PRENOMES | Gary T |
| SOBRENOME | Henry |
| ASSINATURA | HENRY G T |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Georgia State University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 36 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 285 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 36 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1981 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
Do the Effects Persist? An Examination of Long-Term Effects After Students Leave Turnaround Schools
Whole-school reforms have received widespread attention, but a critical limitation of the current literature is the lack of evidence around whether these extensive and costly interventions improve students’ long-term outcomes after they leave reform schools. Leveraging Tennessee’s statewide turnaround reforms, we use difference-in-differences models to estimate the effect of attending a turnaround middle school on student outcomes in high school,…
Online Credit Recovery as an Intervention for High School Students Who Fail Courses
Online credit recovery (OCR) refers to online courses that high school students take after previously failing the course. Many have suggested that OCR courses are helping students to graduate from high school without corresponding increases in academic skills. This study analyzes administrative data from the state of North Carolina to evaluate the efficacy of OCR using full data from public and private OCR providers. Findings indicate that studen…
Who Leads Turnaround Schools? Characteristics of Principals in Tennessee's Achievement School District and Innovation Zones
Purpose: While previous research has examined the impact of school turnaround models, less is known about the principals who lead these turnaround schools. This study examines the personal demographics, experience, educational background, prior school performance, salaries, and turnover of principals who led two turnaround models in Tennessee's lowest performing schools: a state-run Achievement School District (ASD) that has not yielded positive …
Accountability-driven school reform
Test-based accountability pressures have had mixed effects on the student outcomes that they are intended to improve. Accountability policies have also resulted in transfers of less effective teachers into untested early grades and more effective teachers in early grades into tested grades, which could yield unintended negative consequences. In this study, we use a sharp regression discontinuity design to examine the effects of accountability-dri…
What Teachers Want
Attracting and retaining teachers can be an important ingredient in improving low-performing schools. In this study, we estimate the expressed preferences for teachers who have worked in low-performing schools in Tennessee. Using adaptive conjoint analysis survey design, we examine three types of school attributes that may influence teachers’ employment decisions: fixed school characteristics, structural features of employment, and malleable scho…
Leaving School Early
Most prior research measures teacher turnover as an annual event, but teachers actually leave their positions throughout the school year. We use data from North Carolina to measure teacher turnover monthly throughout the entire year and conduct an analysis of their persistence to examine the differences in early career teacher turnover. Annually, 6% of early career teachers turn over during the school year. Teachers trained in traditional, univer…
New Evidence on the Frequency of Teacher Turnover
Teacher turnover occurs during and at the end of the school year, although documentation of within-year turnover currently rests on anecdotal evidence. On average, over 4.6% of teachers turn over during the school year, which amounts to 25% of total annual turnover. Teachers transfer within districts at higher rates at the beginning of the school year and leave teaching at higher rates at the beginning of the spring semester. Higher performing te…
Dispersed vs. Centralized Policy Governance
Policy and public management scholars have long theorized about the fragmentation of policy governance across numerous agencies, yet the effects of concentrated or dispersed governance on outcomes of the target population are largely unknown. Child policy is a policy field where dispersion has raised particular concerns, leading several states to consolidate governance for children’s programs in recent years. After presenting arguments both for a…
Teacher candidate performance assessments
The Effects of Teacher Entry Portals on Student Achievement
The current teacher workforce is younger, less experienced, more likely to turnover, and more diverse in preparation experiences than the workforce of two decades ago. Research shows that inexperienced teachers are less effective, but we know little about the effectiveness of teachers with different types of preparation. In this study, we classify North Carolina public school teachers into portals-fixed and mutually exclusive categories that capt…
Formative Evaluation
Performance-based accountability along with budget tightening has increased pressure on publicly funded organizations to develop and deliver programs that produce meaningful social benefits. As a result, there is increasing need to undertake formative evaluations that estimate preliminary program outcomes and identify promising program components based on their effectiveness during implementation. By combining longitudinal administrative data, mu…
The Predictive Validity of Measures of Teacher Candidate Programs and Performance
Calls for evidence-based reform of teacher preparation programs (TPPs) suggest the question: Do the current indicators of progress and performance used by TPPs predict effectiveness of their graduates when they become teachers? In this study, the indicators of progress and performance used by one program are examined for their ability to predict value-added scores of program graduates. The study finds that rating instruments, including dispositio…
Scholarships to Recruit the “Best and Brightest” Into Teaching
Is a popular innovation for increasing human capital in the teaching profession—competitive college scholarships for teachers—effective? The authors show that one large and long-standing merit-based scholarship program (a) attracts teacher candidates who have high academic qualifications; (b) yields graduates who teach lower performing students, although not as challenging as the students of other beginning teachers; (c) produces teachers who rai…
Incorporating Teacher Effectiveness Into Teacher Preparation Program Evaluation
New federal and state policies require that teacher preparation programs (TPP) be held accountable for the effectiveness of their graduates as measured by test score gains of the students they teach. In this article, the authors review the approaches taken in several states that have already estimated TPP effects and analyze the proposals for incorporating students' test score gains into the evaluations of TPP by states that have received federal…
Stayers and Leavers
Research on teacher development reports significant early-career increases in teacher effectiveness, but the extent to which this is attributable to the development of teachers who persist or to the attrition of less effective teachers is unclear. In this study of novice teachers in North Carolina public schools, the authors investigated the development of teachers’ effectiveness during their first five years in the classroom and contrasted the e…
The District Effect
High stakes accountability (HSA) reforms were enacted in state after state and federally through the No Child Left Behind law, based on the belief that incentives that have consequences attached are effective ways to motivate educators to improve student performance. Our focus for this article is on school district level responses to HSA reforms that could produce positive changes in teaching and learning. We set out to determine whether a distri…
Teachers' Education, Classroom Quality, and Young Children's Academic Skills
In an effort to provide high-quality preschool education, policymakers are increasingly requiring public preschool teachers to have at least a Bachelor's degree, preferably in early childhood education. Seven major studies of early care and education were used to predict classroom quality and children's academic outcomes from the educational attainment and major of teachers of 4-year-olds. The findings indicate largely null or contradictory assoc…
Competition in the sandbox
The emergence of publicly subsidized preschool raises important policy questions about the role of market forces and, in places where competition to provide these services exists, presents a setting in which the effects of competition on educational outcomes can be tested. We test neo‐institutional hypotheses concerning the effects of competition to provide publicly‐funded prekindergarten (pre‐k) services on the performance of public schools and …
The Mechanisms and Outcomes of Evaluation Influence
Past literature has identified several putative precursors of use, as well as alternative forms of use. However, important shortcomings still exist in previous work on use. In particular, inadequate attention has been given to the underlying processes that may mediate the effects of evaluation on attitude and action. In essence, a key part of the theory of change for evaluation itself is missing. To help fill this gap, we describe a framework des…
Beyond Use
Beyond Use
Although use is a core construct in the field of evaluation, neither the change processes through which evaluation affects attitudes, beliefs, and actions, nor the interim outcomes that lie between the evaluation and its ultimate goal—social betterment—have been sufficiently developed. We draw a number of these change mechanisms, such as justification, persuasion, and policy diffusion, from the social science research literature, and organize the…
Influential Evaluations
Evaluations can influence perceptions about social problems, the selection of social policies, and adapting policy implementation. In this paper, exemplars of influential evaluations are described. These evaluations and the qualities which characterize them give us evidence to consider as we develop a clearer picture of what evaluation should look like in the future
Choosing Criteria to Judge Program Success
What we expect from public programs determines how the programs will be judged. This article presents a systematic values inquiry used to examine how much importance citizens and stakeholders attached to specific indicators in determining the success of a public preschool program. Four groups were surveyed: teachers, administrators, parents and the public. All four groups showed significant differences with respect to the importance of 29 possibl…
Driving less for better air
In the wake of the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act, localities across the United States initiated public information campaigns both to raise awareness of threats to air quality and to change behavior related to air pollution by recommending specific behavioral changes in the campaign messages. These campaigns are designed to reduce the health hazards associated with poor air quality and to avoid federal sanctions resulting from the failure t…
How Modern Democracies Are Shaping Evaluation and the Emerging Challenges for Evaluation
Beyond Use
Although use is a core construct in the field of evaluation, neither the change processes through which evaluation affects attitudes, beliefs, and actions, nor the interim outcomes that lie between the evaluation and its ultimate goal—social betterment—have been sufficiently developed. We draw a number of these change mechanisms, such as justification, persuasion, and policy diffusion, from the social science research literature, and organize the…
The Mechanisms and Outcomes of Evaluation Influence
Past literature has identified several putative precursors of use, as well as alternative forms of use. However, important shortcomings still exist in previous work on use. In particular, inadequate attention has been given to the underlying processes that may mediate the effects of evaluation on attitude and action. In essence, a key part of the theory of change for evaluation itself is missing. To help fill this gap, we describe a framework des…
Stayers and Leavers
Research on teacher development reports significant early-career increases in teacher effectiveness, but the extent to which this is attributable to the development of teachers who persist or to the attrition of less effective teachers is unclear. In this study of novice teachers in North Carolina public schools, the authors investigated the development of teachers’ effectiveness during their first five years in the classroom and contrasted the e…
Beyond Use
Tracking Issue Attention
While interest in issues shifts daily, tracking these changes is currently done by multiple surveys, which are conducted months apart. In this article, we adapt political tracking poll methods to model the functional form of issue attention changes through three phases, including equilibrium, developing interest, and decline. We find that opinions do follow discernible cycles. Further, we test and find strong support for the "boredom" explanation…
New Evidence on the Frequency of Teacher Turnover
Teacher turnover occurs during and at the end of the school year, although documentation of within-year turnover currently rests on anecdotal evidence. On average, over 4.6% of teachers turn over during the school year, which amounts to 25% of total annual turnover. Teachers transfer within districts at higher rates at the beginning of the school year and leave teaching at higher rates at the beginning of the spring semester. Higher performing te…
Scholarships to Recruit the “Best and Brightest” Into Teaching
Is a popular innovation for increasing human capital in the teaching profession—competitive college scholarships for teachers—effective? The authors show that one large and long-standing merit-based scholarship program (a) attracts teacher candidates who have high academic qualifications; (b) yields graduates who teach lower performing students, although not as challenging as the students of other beginning teachers; (c) produces teachers who rai…
Incorporating Teacher Effectiveness Into Teacher Preparation Program Evaluation
New federal and state policies require that teacher preparation programs (TPP) be held accountable for the effectiveness of their graduates as measured by test score gains of the students they teach. In this article, the authors review the approaches taken in several states that have already estimated TPP effects and analyze the proposals for incorporating students' test score gains into the evaluations of TPP by states that have received federal…
Toward an Integrative Framework for Evaluation Practice
Evaluation has been beset with serious divisions, including the paradigm wars and the seeming segmentation of evaluation practice into distinct evaluation theories and approaches. In this paper, we describe key aspects of an integrative framework that may help evaluators move beyond such divisions. We offer a new scheme for categorizing evaluation methods within four inquiry modes, which are “families” or clusters of methods: description, classif…
The Effects of Teacher Entry Portals on Student Achievement
The current teacher workforce is younger, less experienced, more likely to turnover, and more diverse in preparation experiences than the workforce of two decades ago. Research shows that inexperienced teachers are less effective, but we know little about the effectiveness of teachers with different types of preparation. In this study, we classify North Carolina public school teachers into portals-fixed and mutually exclusive categories that capt…
Paying for grades
In contrast to education reform efforts that target teachers and schools, merit‐based financial aid for college increases the incentives for high school students and their families to directly affect the quality of education by investing more time and effort in schoolwork. Large‐scale merit‐based aid programs, such as Georgia's HOPE Scholarship, seek to improve education by encouraging students to meet higher standards, in this case by obtaining …
Driving less for better air
In the wake of the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act, localities across the United States initiated public information campaigns both to raise awareness of threats to air quality and to change behavior related to air pollution by recommending specific behavioral changes in the campaign messages. These campaigns are designed to reduce the health hazards associated with poor air quality and to avoid federal sanctions resulting from the failure t…
The Predictive Validity of Measures of Teacher Candidate Programs and Performance
Calls for evidence-based reform of teacher preparation programs (TPPs) suggest the question: Do the current indicators of progress and performance used by TPPs predict effectiveness of their graduates when they become teachers? In this study, the indicators of progress and performance used by one program are examined for their ability to predict value-added scores of program graduates. The study finds that rating instruments, including dispositio…
Board Involvement in Policy Making and Administration
A central theme in much of the literature on policy formulation centers on the actors involved. Questions such as these are central: Who are they? To what extent are they involved? In what types of policy are they involved? Recently Svara has merged various strains of both the empirical and theoretical literature that deal with these questions to address the extent to which policy and administrative authority is shared between administrators and …
What Teachers Want
Attracting and retaining teachers can be an important ingredient in improving low-performing schools. In this study, we estimate the expressed preferences for teachers who have worked in low-performing schools in Tennessee. Using adaptive conjoint analysis survey design, we examine three types of school attributes that may influence teachers’ employment decisions: fixed school characteristics, structural features of employment, and malleable scho…
Leaving School Early
Most prior research measures teacher turnover as an annual event, but teachers actually leave their positions throughout the school year. We use data from North Carolina to measure teacher turnover monthly throughout the entire year and conduct an analysis of their persistence to examine the differences in early career teacher turnover. Annually, 6% of early career teachers turn over during the school year. Teachers trained in traditional, univer…
Teacher candidate performance assessments
Influential Evaluations
Evaluations can influence perceptions about social problems, the selection of social policies, and adapting policy implementation. In this paper, exemplars of influential evaluations are described. These evaluations and the qualities which characterize them give us evidence to consider as we develop a clearer picture of what evaluation should look like in the future
Competition in the sandbox
The emergence of publicly subsidized preschool raises important policy questions about the role of market forces and, in places where competition to provide these services exists, presents a setting in which the effects of competition on educational outcomes can be tested. We test neo‐institutional hypotheses concerning the effects of competition to provide publicly‐funded prekindergarten (pre‐k) services on the performance of public schools and …
Choosing Criteria to Judge Program Success
What we expect from public programs determines how the programs will be judged. This article presents a systematic values inquiry used to examine how much importance citizens and stakeholders attached to specific indicators in determining the success of a public preschool program. Four groups were surveyed: teachers, administrators, parents and the public. All four groups showed significant differences with respect to the importance of 29 possibl…
How Modern Democracies Are Shaping Evaluation and the Emerging Challenges for Evaluation
Using Performance Measurement Systems for Assessing the Merit and Worth of Reforms
One highly touted use of performance measurement systems is to assess the merit and worth of reforms. In this study, the effect of the League of Professional Schools, a democratic reform initiative in Georgia, was evaluated using performance measures from the state’s educational performance measurement system. The findings indicate that the League, in combination with an antecedent condition, motivated leadership, produced more widespread partici…
Dispersed vs. Centralized Policy Governance
Policy and public management scholars have long theorized about the fragmentation of policy governance across numerous agencies, yet the effects of concentrated or dispersed governance on outcomes of the target population are largely unknown. Child policy is a policy field where dispersion has raised particular concerns, leading several states to consolidate governance for children’s programs in recent years. After presenting arguments both for a…
Formative Evaluation
Performance-based accountability along with budget tightening has increased pressure on publicly funded organizations to develop and deliver programs that produce meaningful social benefits. As a result, there is increasing need to undertake formative evaluations that estimate preliminary program outcomes and identify promising program components based on their effectiveness during implementation. By combining longitudinal administrative data, mu…
The District Effect
High stakes accountability (HSA) reforms were enacted in state after state and federally through the No Child Left Behind law, based on the belief that incentives that have consequences attached are effective ways to motivate educators to improve student performance. Our focus for this article is on school district level responses to HSA reforms that could produce positive changes in teaching and learning. We set out to determine whether a distri…
Urban Affairs Graduate Programs
Ranking urban affairs graduate programs is a difficult undertaking because there is no objective or consensual measure of quality. This study utilizes three empirical measures- reputation, productivity, and quality of individual output—to rank urban affairs programs. These measures as well as an overall ranking are presented for each program. In addition, per capita productivity and quality of individual output ratings are presented to control fo…
Board Involvement in Policy Making and Administration
A central theme in much of the literature on policy formulation centers on the actors involved. Questions such as these are central: Who are they? To what extent are they involved? In what types of policy are they involved? Recently Svara has merged various strains of both the empirical and theoretical literature that deal with these questions to address the extent to which policy and administrative authority is shared between administrators and …
Practical Sampling
Four on Methods from Sage
Implementing Performance Monitoring
How can a useful performance monitoring system be designed? Gary T. Henry and Kent C. Dickey describe the use of a research and development model to develop an effective performance monitoring system as part of the State of Virginia's efforts in educational reform. They provide details on how the approach was implemented and discuss both the limits and risks involved. A combination of public interest, political pressure, and increased technical c…
Citizen Ratings of Public and Private Service Quality
Currently there is considerable interest in quality and customer service in both and government, as total quality management philosophy and practices (Deming, 1982; Scherkenback, 1986) have become widespread in the private sector and are making substantial inroads in the public sector (Krone, 1991; Milakovich, 1992; Hyde, 1992). With respect to the public sector, however, the move toward quality comes at a low point in the popular impression of t…
Toward an Integrative Framework for Evaluation Practice
Evaluation has been beset with serious divisions, including the paradigm wars and the seeming segmentation of evaluation practice into distinct evaluation theories and approaches. In this paper, we describe key aspects of an integrative framework that may help evaluators move beyond such divisions. We offer a new scheme for categorizing evaluation methods within four inquiry modes, which are “families” or clusters of methods: description, classif…
Using Performance Measurement Systems for Assessing the Merit and Worth of Reforms
One highly touted use of performance measurement systems is to assess the merit and worth of reforms. In this study, the effect of the League of Professional Schools, a democratic reform initiative in Georgia, was evaluated using performance measures from the state’s educational performance measurement system. The findings indicate that the League, in combination with an antecedent condition, motivated leadership, produced more widespread partici…
The Council for School Performance
How Modern Democracies Are Shaping Evaluation and the Emerging Challenges for Evaluation
Paying for grades
In contrast to education reform efforts that target teachers and schools, merit‐based financial aid for college increases the incentives for high school students and their families to directly affect the quality of education by investing more time and effort in schoolwork. Large‐scale merit‐based aid programs, such as Georgia's HOPE Scholarship, seek to improve education by encouraging students to meet higher standards, in this case by obtaining …
Tracking Issue Attention
While interest in issues shifts daily, tracking these changes is currently done by multiple surveys, which are conducted months apart. In this article, we adapt political tracking poll methods to model the functional form of issue attention changes through three phases, including equilibrium, developing interest, and decline. We find that opinions do follow discernible cycles. Further, we test and find strong support for the "boredom" explanation…
Choosing Criteria to Judge Program Success
What we expect from public programs determines how the programs will be judged. This article presents a systematic values inquiry used to examine how much importance citizens and stakeholders attached to specific indicators in determining the success of a public preschool program. Four groups were surveyed: teachers, administrators, parents and the public. All four groups showed significant differences with respect to the importance of 29 possibl…
Driving less for better air
In the wake of the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act, localities across the United States initiated public information campaigns both to raise awareness of threats to air quality and to change behavior related to air pollution by recommending specific behavioral changes in the campaign messages. These campaigns are designed to reduce the health hazards associated with poor air quality and to avoid federal sanctions resulting from the failure t…
Beyond Use
Beyond Use
Although use is a core construct in the field of evaluation, neither the change processes through which evaluation affects attitudes, beliefs, and actions, nor the interim outcomes that lie between the evaluation and its ultimate goal—social betterment—have been sufficiently developed. We draw a number of these change mechanisms, such as justification, persuasion, and policy diffusion, from the social science research literature, and organize the…
Influential Evaluations
Evaluations can influence perceptions about social problems, the selection of social policies, and adapting policy implementation. In this paper, exemplars of influential evaluations are described. These evaluations and the qualities which characterize them give us evidence to consider as we develop a clearer picture of what evaluation should look like in the future
The Mechanisms and Outcomes of Evaluation Influence
Past literature has identified several putative precursors of use, as well as alternative forms of use. However, important shortcomings still exist in previous work on use. In particular, inadequate attention has been given to the underlying processes that may mediate the effects of evaluation on attitude and action. In essence, a key part of the theory of change for evaluation itself is missing. To help fill this gap, we describe a framework des…
Competition in the sandbox
The emergence of publicly subsidized preschool raises important policy questions about the role of market forces and, in places where competition to provide these services exists, presents a setting in which the effects of competition on educational outcomes can be tested. We test neo‐institutional hypotheses concerning the effects of competition to provide publicly‐funded prekindergarten (pre‐k) services on the performance of public schools and …
Teachers' Education, Classroom Quality, and Young Children's Academic Skills
In an effort to provide high-quality preschool education, policymakers are increasingly requiring public preschool teachers to have at least a Bachelor's degree, preferably in early childhood education. Seven major studies of early care and education were used to predict classroom quality and children's academic outcomes from the educational attainment and major of teachers of 4-year-olds. The findings indicate largely null or contradictory assoc…
The District Effect
High stakes accountability (HSA) reforms were enacted in state after state and federally through the No Child Left Behind law, based on the belief that incentives that have consequences attached are effective ways to motivate educators to improve student performance. Our focus for this article is on school district level responses to HSA reforms that could produce positive changes in teaching and learning. We set out to determine whether a distri…
Stayers and Leavers
Research on teacher development reports significant early-career increases in teacher effectiveness, but the extent to which this is attributable to the development of teachers who persist or to the attrition of less effective teachers is unclear. In this study of novice teachers in North Carolina public schools, the authors investigated the development of teachers’ effectiveness during their first five years in the classroom and contrasted the e…
Scholarships to Recruit the “Best and Brightest” Into Teaching
Is a popular innovation for increasing human capital in the teaching profession—competitive college scholarships for teachers—effective? The authors show that one large and long-standing merit-based scholarship program (a) attracts teacher candidates who have high academic qualifications; (b) yields graduates who teach lower performing students, although not as challenging as the students of other beginning teachers; (c) produces teachers who rai…
Incorporating Teacher Effectiveness Into Teacher Preparation Program Evaluation
New federal and state policies require that teacher preparation programs (TPP) be held accountable for the effectiveness of their graduates as measured by test score gains of the students they teach. In this article, the authors review the approaches taken in several states that have already estimated TPP effects and analyze the proposals for incorporating students' test score gains into the evaluations of TPP by states that have received federal…
Formative Evaluation
Performance-based accountability along with budget tightening has increased pressure on publicly funded organizations to develop and deliver programs that produce meaningful social benefits. As a result, there is increasing need to undertake formative evaluations that estimate preliminary program outcomes and identify promising program components based on their effectiveness during implementation. By combining longitudinal administrative data, mu…
Political science (27 obras) · Psychology (27 obras) · Mathematics education (19 obras) · School Choice and Performance (19 obras) · Computer Science (14 obras) · Educational Assessment and Improvement (14 obras) · Economics (12 obras) · Evaluation and Performance Assessment (12 obras) · Medicine (10 obras) · Pedagogy (9 obras)