Randolph M Nesse
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 162895 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Randolph M Nesse |
| NOMBRES | Randolph M |
| APELLIDO | Nesse |
| FIRMA | NESSE R M |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1768-0949 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 40 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 325 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 40 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1978 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Social Situations Shape Social Emotions That Benefit Genes
Peer Reviewed
Core Principles for Evolutionary Medicine
New interest in evolution and medicine arose late in the twentieth century from the recognition that there are several possible kinds of evolutionary explanation for aspects of the body that leave it vulnerable to disease, in addition to the inevitability of mutations. Investigations of related hypotheses have led to rapid growth of evolutionary medicine, and its expansion to integrate demographic, phylogenetic, and population genetic methods. Ev…
What are 'good' depression symptoms? Comparing the centrality of DSM and non-DSM symptoms of depression in a network analysis
Depression is not a consistent syndrome
Depression sum-scores don’t add up
Most measures of depression severity are based on the number of reported symptoms, and threshold scores are often used to classify individuals as healthy or depressed. This method--and research results based on it--are valid if depression is a single condition, and all symptoms are equally good severity indicators. Here, we review a host of studies documenting that specific depressive symptoms like sad mood, insomnia, concentration problems, and …
Commentary
In the past decades, almost all research in psychiatry and clinical psychology has been directed at the level of disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) or schizophrenia. As has been argued by many scholars in recent work, this organization of the psychiatric research program has yielded limited insights, which justifies the investigation of psychopathology at a more fine-grained level: the level of symptoms (1, 2). In the present lett…
Do Special Occasions Trigger Psychological Distress Among Older Bereaved Spouses? An Empirical Assessment of Clinical Wisdom
Our results support the clinical observation that persons in the early stages of spousal bereavement are at increased risk of psychological distress at times with special significance to the couple. We highlight methodological and clinical implications
Evolution, emotions, and emotional disorders
Emotions research is now routinely grounded in evolution, but explicit evolutionary analyses of emotions remain rare. This article considers the implications of natural selection for several classic questions about emotions and emotional disorders. Emotions are special modes of operation shaped by natural selection. They adjust multiple response parameters in ways that have increased fitness in adaptively challenging situations that recurred over…
Prevalence and Distribution of Major Depressive Disorder in African Americans, Caribbean Blacks, and Non-Hispanic Whites
CONTEXT: Little is known about the relationship between race/ethnicity and depression among US blacks. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence, persistence, treatment, and disability of depression in African Americans, Caribbean blacks, and non-Hispanic whites in the National Survey of American Life. DESIGN: A slightly modified adaptation of the World Health Organization World Mental Health version of the Composite International Diagnostic Intervie…
Race, Ethnicity, and the Use of Services for Mental Disorders
CONTEXT: Little is known about differences in the unmet need for mental health service use between African Americans and Caribbean blacks. OBJECTIVE: To extend the National Survey of Black Americans by examining 12-month mental health service use for African Americans and Caribbean blacks from the recently completed National Survey of American Life. DESIGN AND SETTING: National household probability samples of noninstitutionalized African America…
Unfair treatment and self-regulatory focus
The evolutionary significance of depressive symptoms
Although much depression may be dysfunctional, the capacity to experience normal depressive symptoms in response to certain adverse situations appears to have been shaped by natural selection. If this is true, then different kinds of situations may evoke different patterns of depressive symptoms that are well suited to solving the adaptive challenges specific to each situation. The authors called this the situation-symptom congruence hypothesis. …
An evolutionary life-history framework for understanding sex differences in human mortality rates
Older Adults' Perceptions of Intergenerational Support After Widowhood
This study examines the ways that widowhood affects older adults' perceived exchange of support with their children, and whether exchange patterns differ by gender. Data are from the Changing Lives of Older Couples (CLOC), a prospective study of 1,532 married individuals age 65 years and older. Spousal loss increases older adults'dependence on their children 6 months after the loss yet decreases children's dependence on their surviving parents. P…
Natural selection and the regulation of defenses
Prospective Patterns of Resilience and Maladjustment During Widowhood.
Using prospective longitudinal data on an older sample beginning prior to the death of a spouse, G. A. Bonanno et al. (2002) distinguished 5 unique trajectories of bereavement outcome: common grief, chronic grief, chronic depression, depression followed by improvement, and resilience. These trajectories having been identified, the aims of the current study were to examine differences in how respondents in each group reacted to and processed the l…
Methodological innovations in the National Survey of American Life
This paper provides an overview of the conceptualization and methods used in the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). The objectives of the NSAL are to investigate the nature, severity, and impairment of mental disorders among national samples of the black and non‐Hispanic white (n = 1,006) populations in the US, including African American (N = 3,570), and Afro‐Caribbean (N = 1,623) immigrant and second and older generation, populations. Nati…
The Daily Consequences of Widowhood
This study examines (a) whether widowhood affects the performance of daily household activities, (b) the extent to which dependence on children mediates the effect of widowhood on subsequent housework performance, and (c) the extent to which these patterns vary by gender. Using the Changing Lives of Older Couples study, a prospective survey of married persons age 65 and older, we find that late-life widowhood is associated with an increase in men…
Providing Social Support May Be More Beneficial Than Receiving It
This study examines the relative contributions of giving versus receiving support to longevity in a sample of older married adults. Baseline indicators of giving and receiving support were used to predict mortality status over a 5-year period in the Changing Lives of Older Couples sample. Results from logistic regression analyses indicated that mortality was significantly reduced for individuals who reported providing instrumental support to frie…
The Effect of Widowhood on Older Adults' Social Participation
PURPOSE: This study evaluated how levels of social participation change as a result of late-life widowhood. Social participation is a multidimensional construct incorporating both formal (e.g., meeting attendance, religious participation, and volunteer obligations) and informal (e.g., telephone contact and social interactions with friends) social roles. DESIGN AND METHODS: Using data from the Changing Lives of Older Couples study, analyses compar…
Resilience to loss and chronic grief
Luxury Fever
The Trivers–Willard hypothesis of parental investment
Evolution and the capacity for commitment
"Commitment is at the core of social life. The social fabric is woven from promises and threats that are not always immediately advantageous to the parties involved. Many commitments, such as signing a contract, are fairly straightforward deals, in which both parties agree to give up certain options. Other commitments, such as the promise of life-long love or a threat of murder, are based on more intangible factors such as human emotions. In Evol…
Psychological Adjustment to Sudden and Anticipated Spousal Loss Among Older Widowed Persons
The findings call into question the widespread belief that grief is more severe if death is sudden and suggest a more complex relationship between bereavement and circumstances of spousal death
Resilience to loss and chronic grief
Marital Quality and Psychological Adjustment to Widowhood Among Older Adults
The findings contradict the widespread belief that grief is more severe if the marriage was conflicted and suggest a more complex relationship between bereavement and characteristics of the marriage
Psychological Adjustment to Sudden and Anticipated Spousal Loss Among Older Widowed Persons
The findings call into question the widespread belief that grief is more severe if death is sudden and suggest a more complex relationship between bereavement and circumstances of spousal death
Evolutionary explanations of emotions
Older Adults' Perceptions of Intergenerational Support After Widowhood
This study examines the ways that widowhood affects older adults' perceived exchange of support with their children, and whether exchange patterns differ by gender. Data are from the Changing Lives of Older Couples (CLOC), a prospective study of 1,532 married individuals age 65 years and older. Spousal loss increases older adults'dependence on their children 6 months after the loss yet decreases children's dependence on their surviving parents. P…
An evolutionary life-history framework for understanding sex differences in human mortality rates
The Daily Consequences of Widowhood
This study examines (a) whether widowhood affects the performance of daily household activities, (b) the extent to which dependence on children mediates the effect of widowhood on subsequent housework performance, and (c) the extent to which these patterns vary by gender. Using the Changing Lives of Older Couples study, a prospective survey of married persons age 65 and older, we find that late-life widowhood is associated with an increase in men…
Unfair treatment and self-regulatory focus
The evolutionary significance of depressive symptoms
Although much depression may be dysfunctional, the capacity to experience normal depressive symptoms in response to certain adverse situations appears to have been shaped by natural selection. If this is true, then different kinds of situations may evoke different patterns of depressive symptoms that are well suited to solving the adaptive challenges specific to each situation. The authors called this the situation-symptom congruence hypothesis. …
Emotional disorders in evolutionary perspective
Understanding emotional disorders requires understanding the evolutionary origins and functions of normal emotions. They are special states, shaped by natural selection to adjust various aspects of the organism in ways that have tended to give a selective advantage in the face of the adaptive challenges characteristic of a particular kind of situation. They are designed to maximize reproductive success, not happiness. Negative emotions such as an…
Anxiety and Plasma Cortisol at the Crest of the Circadian Cycle
Near-maximal anxiety by subjective and behavioral criteria was evoked and terminated in phobic patients by initiation and termination of rapid live confrontation ("flooding in vivo") with the specific stimulus that each avoided, at a time approximating the crest of the circadian cycle of adrenal cortical function. The procedure was associated with moderate, but not marked, elevations of plasma cortisol above control levels in some, but not all, s…
Anxiety Induced by Flooding Therapy for Phobias Does Not Elicit Prolactin Secretory Response
Eight subjects with severe phobias to insects and small animals had blood samples taken for measurement of prolactin concentration at regular intervals during five sessions of 3 hr duration each. Severe anxiety was induced by treating the phobia with in vivo flooding during the middle hour of the third and fourth sessions. Despite intense anxiety experienced by the subjects, they showed no change in plasma prolactin levels
Pretreatment Nausea in Cancer Chemotherapy
Many patients receiving cancer chemotherapy become nauseated as they anticipate their treatments. We studied this phenomenon in eighteen cancer chemotherapy patients. The eight patients who reported pretreatment nausea had more extensive disease than the other patients and had received twice as much chemotherapy. In most cases pretreatment nausea developed only a after a number of months of treatment. Nausea was usually precipitated by the odor o…
Endocrine and cardiovascular responses during phobic anxiety
In vivo exposure therapy for phobias is uniquely suited for controlled studies of endocrine and physiologic responses during psychologic stress. In this study, exposure therapy induced significant increases in subjective anxiety, pulse, blood pressure, plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine, insulin, cortisol, and growth hormone, but did not change plasma glucagon or pancreatic polypeptide. Although the subjective and behavioral manifestations of anx…
The Evolutionary Functions of Repression and the Ego Defenses
Peripheral catecholamine levels and the symptoms of anxiety
We studied the correlation of plasma and urinary epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) levels with anxiety symptoms in three patient groups: 1) pheochromocytoma (PH+) (n = 17); 2) hypertensives with elevated catecholamine levels shown not to have a PH (PH-) (n = 25); and 3) patients with panic disorder (PD) (n = 23). Structured interviews and four self-rated anxiety scales were used: the SCL-90R Anxiety and Phobic Anxiety scales, and the Spielb…
Evolutionary explanations of emotions
The Dawn of Darwinian Medicine
While evolution by natural selection has long been a foundation for biomedical science, it has recently gained new power to explain many aspects of disease. This progress results largely from the disciplined application of what has been called the adaptations program. We show that this increasingly significant research paradigm can predict otherwise unsuspected facets of human biology, and that it provides new insights into the causes of medical …
Fear and fitness
Platelet alpha2-Adrenoreceptors, Catecholamines, Hemodynamic Variables, and Anxiety in Panic Patients and Their Asymptomatic Relatives
The objectives of this study were to a) replicate our prior finding of a decreased number (Bmax) of platelet alpha 2-adrenoreceptors in panic disorder, b) determine if binding is also decreased in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of panic patients (known to be at increased risk for developing panic), and c) evaluate the effect of treatment on the presumptive decrease in binding (i.e., is the decrease a state or a trait marker for panic?). Pani…
Respiratory Psychophysiology and Anxiety
UNLABELLED: The goals of this study were to: a) confirm prior evidence that the respiratory stimulant doxapram induces panic attacks and produces excessive hyperventilation in patients with panic disorder and b) explore the impact of cognitive mediators on symptom and respiratory responses. METHOD: Thirty-two subjects (16 patients and 16 controls) received doxapram (0.5 mg/kg) and placebo infusions while symptom, respiratory, and heart rate respo…
Emotional disorders in evolutionary perspective
Understanding emotional disorders requires understanding the evolutionary origins and functions of normal emotions. They are special states, shaped by natural selection to adjust various aspects of the organism in ways that have tended to give a selective advantage in the face of the adaptive challenges characteristic of a particular kind of situation. They are designed to maximize reproductive success, not happiness. Negative emotions such as an…
The Nature of Grief
Is Depression an Adaptation?
Many functions have been suggested for low mood or depression, including communicating a need for help, signaling yielding in a hierarchy conflict, fostering disengagement from commitments to unreachable goals, and regulating patterns of investment. A more comprehensive evolutionary explanation may emerge from attempts to identify how the characteristics of low mood increase an organism's ability to cope with the adaptive challenges characteristi…
Marital Quality and Psychological Adjustment to Widowhood Among Older Adults
The findings contradict the widespread belief that grief is more severe if the marriage was conflicted and suggest a more complex relationship between bereavement and characteristics of the marriage
Luxury Fever
The Trivers–Willard hypothesis of parental investment
Evolution and the capacity for commitment
"Commitment is at the core of social life. The social fabric is woven from promises and threats that are not always immediately advantageous to the parties involved. Many commitments, such as signing a contract, are fairly straightforward deals, in which both parties agree to give up certain options. Other commitments, such as the promise of life-long love or a threat of murder, are based on more intangible factors such as human emotions. In Evol…
Psychological Adjustment to Sudden and Anticipated Spousal Loss Among Older Widowed Persons
The findings call into question the widespread belief that grief is more severe if death is sudden and suggest a more complex relationship between bereavement and circumstances of spousal death
The Effect of Widowhood on Older Adults' Social Participation
PURPOSE: This study evaluated how levels of social participation change as a result of late-life widowhood. Social participation is a multidimensional construct incorporating both formal (e.g., meeting attendance, religious participation, and volunteer obligations) and informal (e.g., telephone contact and social interactions with friends) social roles. DESIGN AND METHODS: Using data from the Changing Lives of Older Couples study, analyses compar…
Resilience to loss and chronic grief
Providing Social Support May Be More Beneficial Than Receiving It
This study examines the relative contributions of giving versus receiving support to longevity in a sample of older married adults. Baseline indicators of giving and receiving support were used to predict mortality status over a 5-year period in the Changing Lives of Older Couples sample. Results from logistic regression analyses indicated that mortality was significantly reduced for individuals who reported providing instrumental support to frie…
Prospective Patterns of Resilience and Maladjustment During Widowhood.
Using prospective longitudinal data on an older sample beginning prior to the death of a spouse, G. A. Bonanno et al. (2002) distinguished 5 unique trajectories of bereavement outcome: common grief, chronic grief, chronic depression, depression followed by improvement, and resilience. These trajectories having been identified, the aims of the current study were to examine differences in how respondents in each group reacted to and processed the l…
Methodological innovations in the National Survey of American Life
This paper provides an overview of the conceptualization and methods used in the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). The objectives of the NSAL are to investigate the nature, severity, and impairment of mental disorders among national samples of the black and non‐Hispanic white (n = 1,006) populations in the US, including African American (N = 3,570), and Afro‐Caribbean (N = 1,623) immigrant and second and older generation, populations. Nati…
The Daily Consequences of Widowhood
This study examines (a) whether widowhood affects the performance of daily household activities, (b) the extent to which dependence on children mediates the effect of widowhood on subsequent housework performance, and (c) the extent to which these patterns vary by gender. Using the Changing Lives of Older Couples study, a prospective survey of married persons age 65 and older, we find that late-life widowhood is associated with an increase in men…
Psychology (32 obras) · Medicine (20 obras) · Psychiatry (18 obras) · Social Psychology (14 obras) · Anxiety (11 obras) · Developmental psychology (11 obras) · Clinical Psychology (10 obras) · Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior (9 obras) · Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation (8 obras) · Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health (8 obras)