Guido H E Gendolla
Biographic Data
| ID | 1634245 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Guido H E Gendolla |
| GIVEN NAMES | Guido H E |
| FAMILY NAME | Gendolla |
| SIGNATURE | GENDOLLA G H E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Geneva |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8066-0951 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 5 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Affective Influences on the Intensity of Mental Effort: 25 Years of Programmatic Research
This article highlights the systematic impact of experienced and implicit affect on the intensity of mental effort. The key argument is that both consciously experienced affect and implicitly activated affect knowledge can influence responses in the cardiovascular system reflecting effort intensity by informing individuals about task demand—the key variable determining resource mobilization. According to the motivational intensity theory, effort …
The intensity of mental effort: “The Heart Does Not Lie”
This article highlights the psychological process that determines the intensity of effort—the mobilization of resource for action execution—in performing cognitive tasks. I outline the logic of a theory-based psychophysiological approach. Arguing for a physiological measure of the intensity of exerted effort based on the definition of the effort construct, I present exemplary studies showing how specific responses in the cardiovascular system can…
Cognitive effort in Schizophrenia: Dissimilar effects on cardiovascular activity and subjective effort
Advancing Issues in Motivation Intensity Research: Updated Insights from the Cardiovascular System
What determines effort intensity in instrumental behavior? According to motivation intensity theory, effort should be proportional to experienced task difficulty as long as success is possible and justified and low when success is impossible or excessively difficult, given the available benefit. When task difficulty is unspecified or unknown, effort should be proportional to the importance of success. This chapter reports an extensive program of …
Implicit Affect and the Intensity of Motivation: From Simple Effects to Moderators
This article reports findings from a program of research on the systematic influence of implicitly perceived facial expressions of emotions on effort mobilization in cognitive tasks. Recently published research on the implicit-affect-primes-effort (IAPE) model (Gendolla, 2012) has revealed replicated evidence for this effect: implicitly perceived facial expressions of sadness, anger, fear, and happiness influence effort-related cardiac response d…
Self-awareness, Perspective-taking, and Egocentrism
The present experiment examined the effect of self-awareness on adult perspective-taking and egocentrism. After having indicated their own opinion on an ecology-related topic, university students estimated a fellow student’s opinion on the same matter. Participants did so either in front of a mirror or not, and either after having received a cue for the fellow student’s most probable opinion—his perspective—or not, resulting in a 2 (self-awarenes…
Automatic effort mobilization and the principle of resource conservation: One can only prime the possible and justified
Two experiments tested the idea that the principle of resource conservation moderates and limits automaticity effects on effort mobilization. Effort-related cardiovascular response was assessed in cognitive tasks with different levels of task difficulty (Experiment 1) and success incentive (Experiment 2) during which participants were exposed to suboptimally presented action versus inaction primes. As expected, implicit activation of the action c…
Smiles make it easier and so do frowns: Masked affective stimuli influence mental effort
Two experiments tested the hypothesis that exposure to masked emotional expressions during the performance of cognitive tasks influences effort mobilization. In support of the predictions, participants who processed masked sad faces during task performance under "do your best" instructions showed stronger sympathetic nervous system discharge to the heart (shorter pre-ejection period, higher systolic blood pressure) than participants who were expo…
Are moods motivational states? A study on effort-related cardiovascular response
Based on the mood-behavior-model (Gendolla, 2000), this study tested the idea that moods only have effects on effort mobilization in settings that directly call for this and in which people can thus use their moods as task-relevant information. Fifty university students were randomly assigned to a 2 (Mood: negative vs. positive) x 2 (Memorizing: intentional vs. incidental) x 2 (Time: mood induction vs. task performance) mixed model design. Effort…
Self-Focused Attention, Perspective-Taking, and False Consensus
A quasi-experimental study examined the effects of self-focused attention on acknowledging or ignoring others' perspectives. University students scoring high vs. low in private and public self-focus estimated the opinion of a fellow student. For these estimates, a relevant cue for the fellow student's most probable opinion was provided or not. The results replicate earlier studies that have demonstrated that attention focused on the self enhances…
Dreaming of white bears: The return of the suppressed at sleep onset
Does depression interfere with effort mobilization? Effects of dysphoria and task difficulty on cardiovascular response
On the basis of predictions of the mood-behavior model (G. H. E. Gendolla, 2000) and motivational intensity theory (J. W. Brehm & E. A. Self, 1989), the authors conducted 2 studies that critically tested the common assumption that dysphoria is associated with a motivational deficit. Dysphoric and nondysphoric undergraduates performed a cognitive task that was either easy or difficult. Effort intensity (i.e., resource mobilization) was assessed as…
Detecting emotional faces and features in a visual search paradigm: Are faces special
In 2 experiments, participants were presented schematic faces with emotional expressions (threatening, friendly) in a neutral-faces context or neutral expressions in an emotional-faces context. These conditions were compared with detection performance in displays containing key features of emotional faces not forming the perceptual gestalt of a face. Supporting the notion of a threat detection advantage, Experiment 1 found that threatening faces …
Negative Mood, Self-Focused Attention, and the Experience of Physical Symptoms: The Joint Impact Hypothesis
A joint impact hypothesis on symptom experience is introduced that specifies the role of negative mood and self-focus, which have been considered independently in previous research. Accordingly, negative affect only promotes symptom experience when people simultaneously focus their attention on the self. One correlational study and 4 experiments supported this prediction: Only negative mood combined with self-focus facilitated the experience (see…
Informational mood impact on effort-related cardiovascular reponse: The diagnostic value of mood counts
Informational mood impact on effort-related cardiovascular reponse: The diagnostic value of mood counts
Drawing on the mood-behavior model (G. H. E. Gendolla, 2000), 2 experiments examined moods' informational impact on effort-related cardiovascular response. After being induced into positive versus negative moods, participants performed a memory task (Experiment 1) or a letter-cancellation task (Experiment 2). Half the participants received a cue that their mood could have been manipulated. As expected, both studies found stronger reactivity of sy…
More Evidence for the Ascription of Personal Characteristics as Reaction to Person–Task Incompatibility
The joint effect of informational mood impact and performance-contingent consequences on effort-related cardiovascular response
Drawing on the mood-behavior model (G. H. E. Gendolla, 2000) and J. W. Brehm and E. A. Self's (1989) theory of effort mobilization, 2 experiments investigated the joint effect of mood, task difficulty, and performance-contingent consequences on effort-related cardiovascular response. Informational mood impact on demand appraisals and performance-contingent consequences had a joint effect on effort mobilization. When consequences were noncontingen…
The informational impact of mood on effort mobilization: A study of cardiovascular and electrodermal responses
The informational impact of mood on effort mobilization: A study of cardiovascular and electrodermal responses
The impact of mood on effort quantified as autonomic adjustments was investigated in an experiment. The authors induced positive versus negative moods with either 1 of 2 mood induction procedures (music vs. autobiographical recollection) that differed in the extent of required effort. Then participants performed an achievement task after demand appraisals were made. Results were as predicted. During the mood inductions, autonomic reactivity (syst…
Automatic effort mobilization and the principle of resource conservation: One can only prime the possible and justified
Two experiments tested the idea that the principle of resource conservation moderates and limits automaticity effects on effort mobilization. Effort-related cardiovascular response was assessed in cognitive tasks with different levels of task difficulty (Experiment 1) and success incentive (Experiment 2) during which participants were exposed to suboptimally presented action versus inaction primes. As expected, implicit activation of the action c…
Self-Focused Attention, Perspective-Taking, and False Consensus
A quasi-experimental study examined the effects of self-focused attention on acknowledging or ignoring others' perspectives. University students scoring high vs. low in private and public self-focus estimated the opinion of a fellow student. For these estimates, a relevant cue for the fellow student's most probable opinion was provided or not. The results replicate earlier studies that have demonstrated that attention focused on the self enhances…
Does depression interfere with effort mobilization? Effects of dysphoria and task difficulty on cardiovascular response
On the basis of predictions of the mood-behavior model (G. H. E. Gendolla, 2000) and motivational intensity theory (J. W. Brehm & E. A. Self, 1989), the authors conducted 2 studies that critically tested the common assumption that dysphoria is associated with a motivational deficit. Dysphoric and nondysphoric undergraduates performed a cognitive task that was either easy or difficult. Effort intensity (i.e., resource mobilization) was assessed as…
The joint effect of informational mood impact and performance-contingent consequences on effort-related cardiovascular response
Drawing on the mood-behavior model (G. H. E. Gendolla, 2000) and J. W. Brehm and E. A. Self's (1989) theory of effort mobilization, 2 experiments investigated the joint effect of mood, task difficulty, and performance-contingent consequences on effort-related cardiovascular response. Informational mood impact on demand appraisals and performance-contingent consequences had a joint effect on effort mobilization. When consequences were noncontingen…
The informational impact of mood on effort mobilization: A study of cardiovascular and electrodermal responses
The informational impact of mood on effort mobilization: A study of cardiovascular and electrodermal responses
The impact of mood on effort quantified as autonomic adjustments was investigated in an experiment. The authors induced positive versus negative moods with either 1 of 2 mood induction procedures (music vs. autobiographical recollection) that differed in the extent of required effort. Then participants performed an achievement task after demand appraisals were made. Results were as predicted. During the mood inductions, autonomic reactivity (syst…
Informational mood impact on effort-related cardiovascular reponse: The diagnostic value of mood counts
Informational mood impact on effort-related cardiovascular reponse: The diagnostic value of mood counts
Drawing on the mood-behavior model (G. H. E. Gendolla, 2000), 2 experiments examined moods' informational impact on effort-related cardiovascular response. After being induced into positive versus negative moods, participants performed a memory task (Experiment 1) or a letter-cancellation task (Experiment 2). Half the participants received a cue that their mood could have been manipulated. As expected, both studies found stronger reactivity of sy…
More Evidence for the Ascription of Personal Characteristics as Reaction to Person–Task Incompatibility
The joint effect of informational mood impact and performance-contingent consequences on effort-related cardiovascular response
Drawing on the mood-behavior model (G. H. E. Gendolla, 2000) and J. W. Brehm and E. A. Self's (1989) theory of effort mobilization, 2 experiments investigated the joint effect of mood, task difficulty, and performance-contingent consequences on effort-related cardiovascular response. Informational mood impact on demand appraisals and performance-contingent consequences had a joint effect on effort mobilization. When consequences were noncontingen…
Negative Mood, Self-Focused Attention, and the Experience of Physical Symptoms: The Joint Impact Hypothesis
A joint impact hypothesis on symptom experience is introduced that specifies the role of negative mood and self-focus, which have been considered independently in previous research. Accordingly, negative affect only promotes symptom experience when people simultaneously focus their attention on the self. One correlational study and 4 experiments supported this prediction: Only negative mood combined with self-focus facilitated the experience (see…
Detecting emotional faces and features in a visual search paradigm: Are faces special
In 2 experiments, participants were presented schematic faces with emotional expressions (threatening, friendly) in a neutral-faces context or neutral expressions in an emotional-faces context. These conditions were compared with detection performance in displays containing key features of emotional faces not forming the perceptual gestalt of a face. Supporting the notion of a threat detection advantage, Experiment 1 found that threatening faces …
Dreaming of white bears: The return of the suppressed at sleep onset
Does depression interfere with effort mobilization? Effects of dysphoria and task difficulty on cardiovascular response
On the basis of predictions of the mood-behavior model (G. H. E. Gendolla, 2000) and motivational intensity theory (J. W. Brehm & E. A. Self, 1989), the authors conducted 2 studies that critically tested the common assumption that dysphoria is associated with a motivational deficit. Dysphoric and nondysphoric undergraduates performed a cognitive task that was either easy or difficult. Effort intensity (i.e., resource mobilization) was assessed as…
Are moods motivational states? A study on effort-related cardiovascular response
Based on the mood-behavior-model (Gendolla, 2000), this study tested the idea that moods only have effects on effort mobilization in settings that directly call for this and in which people can thus use their moods as task-relevant information. Fifty university students were randomly assigned to a 2 (Mood: negative vs. positive) x 2 (Memorizing: intentional vs. incidental) x 2 (Time: mood induction vs. task performance) mixed model design. Effort…
Self-Focused Attention, Perspective-Taking, and False Consensus
A quasi-experimental study examined the effects of self-focused attention on acknowledging or ignoring others' perspectives. University students scoring high vs. low in private and public self-focus estimated the opinion of a fellow student. For these estimates, a relevant cue for the fellow student's most probable opinion was provided or not. The results replicate earlier studies that have demonstrated that attention focused on the self enhances…
Smiles make it easier and so do frowns: Masked affective stimuli influence mental effort
Two experiments tested the hypothesis that exposure to masked emotional expressions during the performance of cognitive tasks influences effort mobilization. In support of the predictions, participants who processed masked sad faces during task performance under "do your best" instructions showed stronger sympathetic nervous system discharge to the heart (shorter pre-ejection period, higher systolic blood pressure) than participants who were expo…
Automatic effort mobilization and the principle of resource conservation: One can only prime the possible and justified
Two experiments tested the idea that the principle of resource conservation moderates and limits automaticity effects on effort mobilization. Effort-related cardiovascular response was assessed in cognitive tasks with different levels of task difficulty (Experiment 1) and success incentive (Experiment 2) during which participants were exposed to suboptimally presented action versus inaction primes. As expected, implicit activation of the action c…
Self-awareness, Perspective-taking, and Egocentrism
The present experiment examined the effect of self-awareness on adult perspective-taking and egocentrism. After having indicated their own opinion on an ecology-related topic, university students estimated a fellow student’s opinion on the same matter. Participants did so either in front of a mirror or not, and either after having received a cue for the fellow student’s most probable opinion—his perspective—or not, resulting in a 2 (self-awarenes…
Implicit Affect and the Intensity of Motivation: From Simple Effects to Moderators
This article reports findings from a program of research on the systematic influence of implicitly perceived facial expressions of emotions on effort mobilization in cognitive tasks. Recently published research on the implicit-affect-primes-effort (IAPE) model (Gendolla, 2012) has revealed replicated evidence for this effect: implicitly perceived facial expressions of sadness, anger, fear, and happiness influence effort-related cardiac response d…
Advancing Issues in Motivation Intensity Research: Updated Insights from the Cardiovascular System
What determines effort intensity in instrumental behavior? According to motivation intensity theory, effort should be proportional to experienced task difficulty as long as success is possible and justified and low when success is impossible or excessively difficult, given the available benefit. When task difficulty is unspecified or unknown, effort should be proportional to the importance of success. This chapter reports an extensive program of …
Cognitive effort in Schizophrenia: Dissimilar effects on cardiovascular activity and subjective effort
Affective Influences on the Intensity of Mental Effort: 25 Years of Programmatic Research
This article highlights the systematic impact of experienced and implicit affect on the intensity of mental effort. The key argument is that both consciously experienced affect and implicitly activated affect knowledge can influence responses in the cardiovascular system reflecting effort intensity by informing individuals about task demand—the key variable determining resource mobilization. According to the motivational intensity theory, effort …
The intensity of mental effort: “The Heart Does Not Lie”
This article highlights the psychological process that determines the intensity of effort—the mobilization of resource for action execution—in performing cognitive tasks. I outline the logic of a theory-based psychophysiological approach. Arguing for a physiological measure of the intensity of exerted effort based on the definition of the effort construct, I present exemplary studies showing how specific responses in the cardiovascular system can…
Psychology (20 works) · Cognitive psychology (13 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Behavioral Health and Interventions (12 works) · Mood (9 works) · Developmental psychology (8 works) · Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies (8 works) · Clinical Psychology (6 works) · Cognition (6 works) · Communication (6 works)