George M Alliger
Biographic Data
| ID | 1660248 |
|---|---|
| NAME | George M Alliger |
| GIVEN NAMES | George M |
| FAMILY NAME | Alliger |
| SIGNATURE | ALLIGER G M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University at Albany, State University of New York |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8498-4814 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 15 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 22 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1984 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2000 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
A Meta-Analytic Investigation of the Susceptibility of Integrity Tests to Faking and Coaching
Although it has been consistently found that test takers can effectively fake good on self-report noncognitive measures when instructed to do so, not all measures are equally susceptible. The present review meta-analytically synthesized studies that have investigated the extent to which individuals can inflate their integrity test scores when coached or instructed to fake good. Both overt and personality-based integrity tests were investigated. R…
Reactions to Overt Integrity Test Items
A total of 102 participants rated overt integrity test items on three dimensions (invasion of privacy, ease of faking, job relatedness). Integrity test items were grouped into seven categories. Participants identified items that required direct admissions of counterproductive behaviors as being the most invasive but also the easiest to fake. Job relatedness and invasion of privacy were both found to be correlated with ease of faking perceptions. …
Why integrity testing remains controversial
Why integrity testing remains controversial
A task‐level assessment of job satisfaction
Research on job satisfaction traditionally has gathered data at the level of the overall job. But a job consists of many distinct tasks —some of which may be enjoyable, complex, and important, and some not. Job satisfaction research so far has not assessed affective or motivational properties of individual tasks; therefore, it is not known how experiences with individual tasks contribute to global job satisfaction. To address that question, a tas…
Construct validation of two instruments designed to measure job involvement and work centrality.
The authors clarified the relationship between 2 concepts that have been confused, and often used interchangeably, in the literature. Job involvement was defined as the degree to which one is cognitively preoccupied with, engaged in, and concerned with one's present job. Work centrality was defined as the degree of importance that work, in general, plays in one's life. Questionnaire measures consistent with these definitions were constructed and …
Assessing the Validity of the Gre for Students in Psychology: A Validity Generalization Approach
Meta-analysis was used to examine the validity of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) in predicting "success" in graduate school. Results are presented for studies conducted in Psychology/Counseling departments. Validity coefficients were demonstrated to come from a homogeneous population (variance across studies was due mostly to sampling error). Mean validity coefficients ranged from .03 to .37, with an average of .18. Most of the squared pop…
Generating Correlated Bivariate Random Normal Standard Scores in Quickbasic
A Quick BASIC program for generating random bivariate normal standard scores with given correlation is described. The program uses the Box-Muller (1958) generation method. Compiled run-time and source code versions of the program are available
Relating the Internal Consistency of Scales to Rater Response Tendencies
The internal consistency of a scale (as indexed, for example, by coefficient alpha) is related directly to mean scale item intercorrelation. Various indices of rating scale response styles such as halo, leniency, and positive or negative response bias are also related to mean scale item intercorrelation. The nature of the consequent relationship between internal consistency and rating scale response styles is discussed
A Proposed Method to Combine Ranking and Graphic Rating in Performance Appraisal: The Quantitative Ranking Scale
A method is proposed to combine a relative and an absolute approach to performance appraisal; specifically, graphic rating and ranking are combined. In two studies which examined this method, called the Quantitative Ranking Scale (QRS), less leniency generally was found in QRS than in graphic rating. The psychometric performance of the QRS was best when the distinction between the QRS and pure ranking was least. Nonetheless, the system would appe…
Confounding among Measures of Leniency and Halo
Because the variability of rating distributions decreases with leniency, common indices of the psychometric performance of rating data may be confounded. Lenient rating distributions, for example, should show lower average scale intercorrelations (a measure of halo) than do less lenient rating distributions. Although psychometric theory would predict such confounding, it does not permit the estimation of the magnitude of this phenomenon. Conseque…
A Program for Testing Categorized Data for Normality
Most current statistics packages do not appropriately compute tests for normality on categorized data. This program for personal computers calculates two test statistics and associated significance levels for categorized data: the Kolmogorov-Smimov D, and an omnibus test based on skew and kurtosis. This program would be useful in examining, for example, sample test score or rating distributions
Do Zero Correlations Really Exist among Measures of Different Intellectual Abilities
Whether measures of different intellectual abilities are positively intercorrelated has been a topic of interest and debate since the turn of the century. The data from an article by Guilford pivotal to this debate are reexamined. It is argued that, contrary to the original claim of the article, the data set of over 7,000 correlations does not provide support for the existence of zero correlations among tests of intellectual abilities
A method for correcting parameter estimates in samples subject to a ceiling
A method for correcting parameter estimates in samples subject to a ceiling
Correcting Doubly Truncated Correlations: An Improved Approximation for Correcting the Bivariate Normal Correlation when Truncation has Occurred on Both Variables
Although the problem of correcting correlation coefficients that have arisen from range-restricted distributions has received a great deal of attention in the psychological testing and measurement literature, very little of that literature has dealt with the problem of restriction on both the independent (X) and dependent (1) variable. Wells and Fruchter (1970) presented an approximate correction in such situations. This article reports and impro…
A meta-analysis of the relation between personality traits and leadership perceptions: An application of validity generalization procedures.
The Empirical Performance of Measures of Association in the 2×2 Table
A comparison of various measures of association for 2 x 2 data was carried out by computer analysis. Bivariate normal population distributions of known p were generated and divided into quadrants, yielding a total of 1,539 2 x 2 tables. For each of these tables, 14 measures of association were calculated and evaluated against the underlying p. A recently developed measure of association based on the odds-ratio (Chambers, 1982) appeared to be the …
An Empirical Examination of Two Transformations of Sample Correlations
This paper examines the differential accuracy of the Fisher and Hotelling transformations of the correlation coefficient. Contrary to expectation, the Hotelling transformation provided a minimal gain in power and was associated with a larger Type I error rate when compared to Fisher's formula with small sample sizes. The two transformations produced essentially identical results for larger sample sizes
A Comparison of Four Information Processing Models of Leadership and Social Perceptions
This study examined the validity of four alternative information processing models which specify how interaction behavior related to social perceptions in a small group problem-solving experiment. Results indicated that leadership and social power perceptions were based on relative, as opposed to absolute, frequency of behaviors and that this relationship was eliminated when behavior conflicted with experimenter provided behavioral norms. Limited…
Correcting for Multivariate Range Restriction: Two Computer Programs
When selection occurs on the basis of two or more predictors, multivariate restriction of range can reduce various parameters of a validation study. An SAS and a FORTRAN IV program are available that allow for correction of criterion standard deviation(s) and zero-order validities
Objectivity and science: Reply to Kukla
In several articles in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology over the past few years, researchers have argued that the traditional approach to science needs to be reviewed. For example, Sampson (1977, 1978, 1980) forcibly stated that traditional science reflects Western society's values of individualism and capitalism. Sampson argued that a new approach to science should be adopted and that it should be collectivisti c in its assumptio…
A Comparison of Four Information Processing Models of Leadership and Social Perceptions
This study examined the validity of four alternative information processing models which specify how interaction behavior related to social perceptions in a small group problem-solving experiment. Results indicated that leadership and social power perceptions were based on relative, as opposed to absolute, frequency of behaviors and that this relationship was eliminated when behavior conflicted with experimenter provided behavioral norms. Limited…
A task‐level assessment of job satisfaction
Research on job satisfaction traditionally has gathered data at the level of the overall job. But a job consists of many distinct tasks —some of which may be enjoyable, complex, and important, and some not. Job satisfaction research so far has not assessed affective or motivational properties of individual tasks; therefore, it is not known how experiences with individual tasks contribute to global job satisfaction. To address that question, a tas…
Correcting for Multivariate Range Restriction: Two Computer Programs
When selection occurs on the basis of two or more predictors, multivariate restriction of range can reduce various parameters of a validation study. An SAS and a FORTRAN IV program are available that allow for correction of criterion standard deviation(s) and zero-order validities
Objectivity and science: Reply to Kukla
In several articles in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology over the past few years, researchers have argued that the traditional approach to science needs to be reviewed. For example, Sampson (1977, 1978, 1980) forcibly stated that traditional science reflects Western society's values of individualism and capitalism. Sampson argued that a new approach to science should be adopted and that it should be collectivisti c in its assumptio…
The Empirical Performance of Measures of Association in the 2×2 Table
A comparison of various measures of association for 2 x 2 data was carried out by computer analysis. Bivariate normal population distributions of known p were generated and divided into quadrants, yielding a total of 1,539 2 x 2 tables. For each of these tables, 14 measures of association were calculated and evaluated against the underlying p. A recently developed measure of association based on the odds-ratio (Chambers, 1982) appeared to be the …
An Empirical Examination of Two Transformations of Sample Correlations
This paper examines the differential accuracy of the Fisher and Hotelling transformations of the correlation coefficient. Contrary to expectation, the Hotelling transformation provided a minimal gain in power and was associated with a larger Type I error rate when compared to Fisher's formula with small sample sizes. The two transformations produced essentially identical results for larger sample sizes
A Comparison of Four Information Processing Models of Leadership and Social Perceptions
This study examined the validity of four alternative information processing models which specify how interaction behavior related to social perceptions in a small group problem-solving experiment. Results indicated that leadership and social power perceptions were based on relative, as opposed to absolute, frequency of behaviors and that this relationship was eliminated when behavior conflicted with experimenter provided behavioral norms. Limited…
A meta-analysis of the relation between personality traits and leadership perceptions: An application of validity generalization procedures.
Correcting Doubly Truncated Correlations: An Improved Approximation for Correcting the Bivariate Normal Correlation when Truncation has Occurred on Both Variables
Although the problem of correcting correlation coefficients that have arisen from range-restricted distributions has received a great deal of attention in the psychological testing and measurement literature, very little of that literature has dealt with the problem of restriction on both the independent (X) and dependent (1) variable. Wells and Fruchter (1970) presented an approximate correction in such situations. This article reports and impro…
A Program for Testing Categorized Data for Normality
Most current statistics packages do not appropriately compute tests for normality on categorized data. This program for personal computers calculates two test statistics and associated significance levels for categorized data: the Kolmogorov-Smimov D, and an omnibus test based on skew and kurtosis. This program would be useful in examining, for example, sample test score or rating distributions
Do Zero Correlations Really Exist among Measures of Different Intellectual Abilities
Whether measures of different intellectual abilities are positively intercorrelated has been a topic of interest and debate since the turn of the century. The data from an article by Guilford pivotal to this debate are reexamined. It is argued that, contrary to the original claim of the article, the data set of over 7,000 correlations does not provide support for the existence of zero correlations among tests of intellectual abilities
A method for correcting parameter estimates in samples subject to a ceiling
A method for correcting parameter estimates in samples subject to a ceiling
Confounding among Measures of Leniency and Halo
Because the variability of rating distributions decreases with leniency, common indices of the psychometric performance of rating data may be confounded. Lenient rating distributions, for example, should show lower average scale intercorrelations (a measure of halo) than do less lenient rating distributions. Although psychometric theory would predict such confounding, it does not permit the estimation of the magnitude of this phenomenon. Conseque…
A Proposed Method to Combine Ranking and Graphic Rating in Performance Appraisal: The Quantitative Ranking Scale
A method is proposed to combine a relative and an absolute approach to performance appraisal; specifically, graphic rating and ranking are combined. In two studies which examined this method, called the Quantitative Ranking Scale (QRS), less leniency generally was found in QRS than in graphic rating. The psychometric performance of the QRS was best when the distinction between the QRS and pure ranking was least. Nonetheless, the system would appe…
Assessing the Validity of the Gre for Students in Psychology: A Validity Generalization Approach
Meta-analysis was used to examine the validity of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) in predicting "success" in graduate school. Results are presented for studies conducted in Psychology/Counseling departments. Validity coefficients were demonstrated to come from a homogeneous population (variance across studies was due mostly to sampling error). Mean validity coefficients ranged from .03 to .37, with an average of .18. Most of the squared pop…
Generating Correlated Bivariate Random Normal Standard Scores in Quickbasic
A Quick BASIC program for generating random bivariate normal standard scores with given correlation is described. The program uses the Box-Muller (1958) generation method. Compiled run-time and source code versions of the program are available
Relating the Internal Consistency of Scales to Rater Response Tendencies
The internal consistency of a scale (as indexed, for example, by coefficient alpha) is related directly to mean scale item intercorrelation. Various indices of rating scale response styles such as halo, leniency, and positive or negative response bias are also related to mean scale item intercorrelation. The nature of the consequent relationship between internal consistency and rating scale response styles is discussed
Construct validation of two instruments designed to measure job involvement and work centrality.
The authors clarified the relationship between 2 concepts that have been confused, and often used interchangeably, in the literature. Job involvement was defined as the degree to which one is cognitively preoccupied with, engaged in, and concerned with one's present job. Work centrality was defined as the degree of importance that work, in general, plays in one's life. Questionnaire measures consistent with these definitions were constructed and …
Why integrity testing remains controversial
Why integrity testing remains controversial
A task‐level assessment of job satisfaction
Research on job satisfaction traditionally has gathered data at the level of the overall job. But a job consists of many distinct tasks —some of which may be enjoyable, complex, and important, and some not. Job satisfaction research so far has not assessed affective or motivational properties of individual tasks; therefore, it is not known how experiences with individual tasks contribute to global job satisfaction. To address that question, a tas…
Reactions to Overt Integrity Test Items
A total of 102 participants rated overt integrity test items on three dimensions (invasion of privacy, ease of faking, job relatedness). Integrity test items were grouped into seven categories. Participants identified items that required direct admissions of counterproductive behaviors as being the most invasive but also the easiest to fake. Job relatedness and invasion of privacy were both found to be correlated with ease of faking perceptions. …
A Meta-Analytic Investigation of the Susceptibility of Integrity Tests to Faking and Coaching
Although it has been consistently found that test takers can effectively fake good on self-report noncognitive measures when instructed to do so, not all measures are equally susceptible. The present review meta-analytically synthesized studies that have investigated the extent to which individuals can inflate their integrity test scores when coached or instructed to fake good. Both overt and personality-based integrity tests were investigated. R…
Psychology (16 works) · Mathematics (13 works) · Statistics (13 works) · Computer Science (11 works) · Econometrics (9 works) · Social Psychology (9 works) · Advanced Statistical Methods and Models (4 works) · Applied Psychology (4 works) · Psychometrics (4 works) · Bivariate analysis (3 works)