Katharine H Greenaway
Biographic Data
| ID | 168319 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Katharine H Greenaway |
| GIVEN NAMES | Katharine H |
| FAMILY NAME | Greenaway |
| SIGNATURE | GREENAWAY K H |
| AFFILIATIONS | The University of Melbourne |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0271-5312 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 50 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 310 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 50 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2011 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
The effect of common humanity on forgiveness and collective action does not generalise to all victim groups
Prior work has found that making common human identity salient increases forgiveness of perpetrators but reduces collective action intentions among victims of historical atrocities. We conducted three experiments to investigate the generalisability of this effect among Alevis—a religious minority found mainly in Turkey. Study 1 ( N = 222) found that the common human identity manipulation was unsuccessful and did not lead to differences in forgive…
Secrecy in Everyday Life
Secrecy is common, yet we know little about how it plays out in daily life. Most existing research on secrecy is based on methods involving retrospection over long periods of time, failing to capture secrecy “in the wild.” Filling this gap, we conducted two studies using intensive longitudinal designs to present the first picture of secrecy in everyday life. We investigated momentary contextual factors and individual differences as predictors of …
Do expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal affect memory
A widely cited idea in the emotion regulation literature holds that expressive suppression impairs memory while cognitive reappraisal has no effect on or may enhance memory relative to control. However, empirical evidence for these effects has been inconsistent. To provide a definitive test, we conducted four well-powered experiments with more than 4,000 participants to examine the effects of reappraisal and suppression of negative emotion (Exper…
Do unto others: People use similar strategies to regulate their own emotions and the emotions of others
Do people use similar strategies to regulate their own emotions (i.e., intrapersonal or self-oriented emotion regulation) and to regulate the emotions of others (i.e., interpersonal or other-oriented emotion regulation)? By answering this question, we try to shed light on why people regulate the emotions of others the way they do. We reasoned that because people imagine themselves as the target when deciding how to regulate others' emotions (Ball…
Trait emotion differentiation is associated with more instrumental emotion regulation motives when people feel negative in daily life
Emotion differentiation-the ability to precisely label emotions-reflects a nuanced understanding of one's emotional experiences. Researchers posit that this nuance may be associated with knowing how one can use their emotions. As a result, we hypothesize emotion differentiation may be linked with holding instrumental emotion regulation motives, which involve regulating emotions to attain their benefits beyond solely feeling better or worse. In th…
It's a match: Exploring joint emotion regulation profiles among mixed-sex couples
How do couples differ from other couples in how they regulate their own and their partner's emotions? Although research on emotion regulation is blooming, insights into joint emotion regulation profiles-that is, the overlap between partners' specific strategies to regulate themselves and their partner-remain limited. To address this gap, we identified joint intra- and interpersonal emotion regulation profiles in 120 mixed-sex couples; clustering …
Dynamics of Social Experiences in the Context of Extended Lockdown
Social interaction and loneliness have received much research interest. However, the direction of their relationship is unclear—does social interaction shape loneliness, or does loneliness shape willingness to interact? We explored dynamics of these social experiences under exceptional circumstances: COVID-19 lockdowns, which were necessary for public health but impacted people’s social lives. We investigated the relationship between social inter…
Uncertainty moderates the emotional consequences of reappraisal, social sharing, and rumination in daily life
People must often wait for important but uncertain outcomes, like medical results or job offers. During such uncertain waiting periods , there is uncertainty around an outcome that people have minimal control over. Uncertainty makes these periods emotionally challenging, raising the possibility that emotion regulation strategies may have different effects while people wait for an uncertain outcome versus after they learn that outcome. To test thi…
Regulating emotions about secrets
Secrecy is common and psychologically costly. Research shows that secrets have high emotional stakes, but no research has directly tested how people regulate their emotions about secrets. To fill this gap, we conducted an experimental study (Study 1), then moved to studying secrecy "in the wild" to capture regulatory processes as they unfold in everyday life (Studies 2 and 3). In Study 1 ( N = 498), people reported using different strategies to r…
Why do we engage in everyday interpersonal emotion regulation
Interpersonal emotion regulation occurs when people influence others' emotions (extrinsic regulation) or turn to others to influence their own emotions (intrinsic regulation). Research on interpersonal regulation has tended to focus on how people regulate emotions, with little interrogation of why people do it, despite the importance of motives in driving emotion regulation goals and strategy selection. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic…
Meta‐identification: Perceptions of others’ group identification shape group life
In the present research, we introduce and develop the concept of meta‐identification – perceptions of others’ identification with a group – and examine its capacity to shape group life. Across two cross‐sectional studies and three experiments ( N total = 3992), we investigate the relationship between participants’ meta‐identification in an intragroup context and their group meaningfulness, collective self‐efficacy, organisational citizenship beha…
Reducing personal climate anxiety is key to adaptation
Physical Attractiveness Biases Judgments Pertaining to the Moral Domain of Purity
Research on the Beauty-is-Good stereotype shows that unattractive people are perceived to have worse moral character than attractive individuals. Yet research has not explored what kinds of moral character judgments are particularly biased by attractiveness. In this work, we tested whether attractiveness particularly biases moral character judgments pertaining to the moral domain of purity, beyond a more general halo effect. Across four preregist…
Everyday emotional functioning in Covid-19 lockdowns
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, policy makers have tried to balance the effectiveness of lockdowns (i.e., stay-at-home orders) with their potential mental health costs. Yet, several years into the pandemic, policy makers lack solid evidence about the toll of lockdowns on daily emotional functioning. Using data from two intensive longitudinal studies conducted in Australia in 2021, we compared the intensity, persistence, and regulation of emotio…
Does interpersonal emotion regulation effort pay off
Interpersonal emotion regulation shapes people's emotional and relational experiences. Yet, researchers know little about the regulation processes that influence these outcomes. Recent works in the intrapersonal emotion regulation space suggest that motivational strength, or effort , people invest in regulation might be the answer. We applied this motivated approach for the first time in the interpersonal space-looking at both intrinsic and extri…
The bright side of secrecy: The energizing effect of positive secrets
Existing wisdom holds that secrecy is burdensome and fatiguing. However, past research has conflated secrecy with the kinds of adverse events that are often kept secret. As a result, it is unclear whether secrecy is inherently depleting, or whether these consequences vary based on the underlying meaning of the secret. We resolve this confound by examining the consequences of positive secrets. In contrast to the prior research, five experiments (N…
Electing to Take Control: Political Identification and Personal Control
Engaging in the political process is one way that individuals can exert control over society in general. Yet, emerging research suggests that engaging with political groups also helps people feel more in control of the course of their own lives. The present research examined whether this is always the case, using the natural experiment afforded by political events to probe the psychological mechanisms underpinning the relationship between group i…
A Social-Identity Theory of Information-Access Regulation (Sitiar): Understanding the Psychology of Sharing and Withholding
Secrecy, privacy, confidentiality, concealment, disclosure, and gossip all involve sharing and withholding access to information. However, existing theories do not account for the fundamental similarity between these concepts. Accordingly, it is unclear when sharing and withholding access to information will have positive or negative effects and why these effects might occur. We argue that these problems can be addressed by conceptualizing these …
Beauty Goes Down to the Core: Attractiveness Biases Moral Character Attributions
Emotion regulation in everyday life: Mapping global self-reports to daily processes
Recent theory conceptualizes emotion regulation as occurring across three stages: (a) identifying the need to regulate, (b) selecting a strategy, and (c) implementing that strategy to modify emotions. Yet, measurement of emotion regulation has not kept pace with these theoretical advances. In particular, widely used global self-report questionnaires are often assumed to index people's typical strategy selection tendencies. However, it is unclear …
Ugliness Judgments Alert us to Cues of Pathogen Presence
Little is known about the psychology of ugliness. We propose that ugliness judgments are linked to the behavioral immune system, alerting us to objects that may contain potentially harmful diseases. Exploring this possibility, in five studies ( N = 1,552), we found that ugly human faces (Studies 1a and 1b), ugly animals (Study 2), and—to a lesser degree—ugly buildings (Study 2) elicit disgust controlling for other avoidance-motivated emotional re…
Emotion and its Management: The Lens of Language and Social Psychology
In this paper, we briefly review the large research literature on emotion in social psychology, and show how it is now firmly embedded in language and communication. As a springboard, we look at the history of emotion studies in JLSP. Then, we consider theory and methodology, and evaluate how standard and more recent methods of measurement have led to new ways of looking at the communication of emotion, including in real-life contexts. We conclud…
Emotion experience and expression goals shape emotion regulation strategy choice
Research has begun to investigate how goals for emotion experience-how people want to feel-influence the selection of emotion regulation strategies to achieve these goals. We make the case that it is not only how people want to feel that affects strategy selection, but also how they want to be seen to feel. Incorporating this expressive dimension distinguishes four unique emotion goals: (1) to experience and express emotion; (2) to experience but…
Thoroughly thought through? Experimenting with Registered Reports
When trust goes wrong: A social identity model of risk taking
4,708) that use multiple methods including minimal group paradigms, correlational, longitudinal, and experimental designs to investigate the effect of shared social identity across diverse risk contexts. Studies 1 and 2 provided evidence for the basic premise of the model, showing that ingroup members were perceived as posing lower risk and inspired greater risk taking behavior than outgroup members. Study 3 found that social identification was a…
Advancing the social identity approach to health and well‐being: Progressing the social cure research agenda
The health of people's body and mind is powerfully conditioned by social factors that affect their social identity. Consistent with this notion, there is a growing interest in the way that group memberships (and the social identities derived from belonging to these groups) affect health and well‐being. To the extent that group memberships provide individuals with meaning, support, and agency (i.e., a positive sense of social identity), health is …
From “we” to “me: Group identification enhances perceived personal control with consequences for health and well-being
There is growing recognition that identification with social groups can protect and enhance health and well-being, thereby constituting a kind of "social cure." The present research explores the role of control as a novel mediator of the relationship between shared group identity and well-being. Five studies provide evidence for this process. Group identification predicted significantly greater perceived personal control across 47 countries (Stud…
Social identities promote well‐being because they satisfy global psychological needs
Social identities are known to improve well‐being, but why is this? We argue that this is because they satisfy basic psychological needs, specifically, the need to belong, the need for self‐esteem, the need for control and the need for meaningful existence. A longitudinal study ( N = 70) revealed that gain in identity strength was associated with increased need satisfaction over 7 months. A cross‐sectional study ( N = 146) revealed that social id…
Feeling Hopeful Inspires Support for Social Change
Hope is an emotion that has been implicated in social change efforts, yet little research has examined whether feeling hopeful actually motivates support for social change. Study 1 (N = 274) confirmed that hope is associated with greater support for social change in two countries with different political contexts. Study 2 (N = 165) revealed that hope predicts support for social change over and above other emotions often investigated in collective…
The source model of group threat: Responding to internal and external threats
We introduce a model of group threat that articulates the opposing effects of intergroup (between-groups) and intragroup (within-group) threat on identity processes and group relations. The source model of group threat argues that the perceived source of a threat is critical in predicting its consequences, such that perceptions of intergroup threat will strengthen (in)group identity processes and relations, whereas perceptions of intragroup threa…
Appealing to common humanity increases forgiveness but reduces collective action among victims of historical atrocities
Appealing to common humanity is often suggested as a method of uniting victims and perpetrators of historical atrocities. In the present experiment ( N = 109), we reveal that this strategy may actually work against victim groups' best interests. Appealing to common humanity (versus intergroup identity) increased forgiveness of perpetrators but independently also served to lower intentions to engage in collective action. Both effects were mediated…
When trust goes wrong: A social identity model of risk taking
4,708) that use multiple methods including minimal group paradigms, correlational, longitudinal, and experimental designs to investigate the effect of shared social identity across diverse risk contexts. Studies 1 and 2 provided evidence for the basic premise of the model, showing that ingroup members were perceived as posing lower risk and inspired greater risk taking behavior than outgroup members. Study 3 found that social identification was a…
Loss of control stimulates approach motivation
The benefits and burdens of keeping others' secrets
Does Human-Animal Similarity Lower the Need to Affirm Humans' Superiority Relative to Animals? A Social Psychological Viewpoint
This research integrates different social psychological theories to test whether human–animal similarity promotes affiliation with animals and lowers the need to affirm humans' superiority relative to animals. On the basis of theories of intergroup relations, terror management theory, and work conducted in the field of human–animal relations, we expected that higher human–animal similarity would decrease the need to affirm humans' superiority rel…
The dark side of inclusion: Undesired acceptance increases aggression
It is generally assumed that being accepted by others should have universally positive effects. The present research questions this assumption and shows that acceptance can sometimes arouse aggressive thoughts and feelings when people have a low desire to belong to the accepting group. In Study 1 ( N = 61), international students who had low, compared to high, desire for inclusion in a host society behaved more aggressively when informed that the…
Social identity mapping online
721) featuring community, student, new parent, and retiree samples, test the reliability and validity of oSIM. Results indicate that the tool is easy to use, engaging, has good internal consistency as well as convergent and discriminant validity, and predicts relevant outcomes across a range of contexts. Furthermore, using meta-analytic findings, the tool is able to index a higher-order social identity construct, here introduced as a supergroup. …
Are “they” out to get me? A social identity model of paranoia
This research tests a social identity model of paranoia, building on work showing that identification with social groups is associated with less paranoid thinking. Studies 1 ( N = 800) and 2 ( N = 779) supported this model, showing that national group identification is associated with lower paranoia. Study 3 ( N = 784) added to the literature by probing the mechanisms underlying these relationships, and found that it is through enhanced control a…
Cognition in context: Social inclusion attenuates the psychological boundary between self and other
The Stress of Passing Through an Educational Bottleneck: A Longitudinal Study of Psychology Honours Students
ObjectiveAn educational bottleneck occurs when students enter a phase of their training in which progression is highly competitive and determined by academic performance. We hypothesised that educational bottlenecks have a negative impact on student wellbeing, and investigated six potential protective factors.MethodA mixed‐method approach was used to explore the hitherto unstudied impact of bottlenecks on student wellbeing in a sample of psycholo…
Electing to Take Control: Political Identification and Personal Control
Engaging in the political process is one way that individuals can exert control over society in general. Yet, emerging research suggests that engaging with political groups also helps people feel more in control of the course of their own lives. The present research examined whether this is always the case, using the natural experiment afforded by political events to probe the psychological mechanisms underpinning the relationship between group i…
Winners are grinners: Expressing authentic positive emotion enhances status in performance contexts
It's a match: Exploring joint emotion regulation profiles among mixed-sex couples
How do couples differ from other couples in how they regulate their own and their partner's emotions? Although research on emotion regulation is blooming, insights into joint emotion regulation profiles-that is, the overlap between partners' specific strategies to regulate themselves and their partner-remain limited. To address this gap, we identified joint intra- and interpersonal emotion regulation profiles in 120 mixed-sex couples; clustering …
Meta‐identification: Perceptions of others’ group identification shape group life
In the present research, we introduce and develop the concept of meta‐identification – perceptions of others’ identification with a group – and examine its capacity to shape group life. Across two cross‐sectional studies and three experiments ( N total = 3992), we investigate the relationship between participants’ meta‐identification in an intragroup context and their group meaningfulness, collective self‐efficacy, organisational citizenship beha…
The role of motivation for rewards in vicarious goal satiation
Appealing to common humanity increases forgiveness but reduces collective action among victims of historical atrocities
Appealing to common humanity is often suggested as a method of uniting victims and perpetrators of historical atrocities. In the present experiment ( N = 109), we reveal that this strategy may actually work against victim groups' best interests. Appealing to common humanity (versus intergroup identity) increased forgiveness of perpetrators but independently also served to lower intentions to engage in collective action. Both effects were mediated…
Congruent or conflicted? The impact of injunctive and descriptive norms on environmental intentions
Awareness of Common Humanity Reduces Empathy and Heightens Expectations of Forgiveness for Temporally Distant Wrongdoing
The present research identified why and under what conditions perpetrator groups expect forgiveness from victims when focused on common humanity. In Experiment 1 ( N = 41), thinking about victims as fellow humans increased expectations of forgiveness among perpetrator group members. Experiment 2 ( N = 74) revealed the important role of subjective temporal distance in qualifying the effect of appealing to common humanity. Forgiveness expectations …
Don’t grin when you win: The social costs of positive emotion expression in performance situations
People who express positive emotion usually have better social outcomes than people who do not, and suppressing the expression of emotions can have interpersonal costs. Nevertheless, social convention suggests that there are situations in which people should suppress the expression of positive emotions, such as when trying to appear humble in victory. The present research tested whether there are interpersonal costs to expressing positive emotion…
Reappraisal but not suppression downregulates the experience of positive and negative emotion
The emotion regulation literature is growing exponentially, but there is limited understanding of the comparative strengths of emotion regulation strategies in downregulating positive emotional experiences. The present research made the first systematic investigation examining the consequences of using expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal strategies to downregulate positive and negative emotion within a single design. Two experiments …
The dark side of inclusion: Undesired acceptance increases aggression
It is generally assumed that being accepted by others should have universally positive effects. The present research questions this assumption and shows that acceptance can sometimes arouse aggressive thoughts and feelings when people have a low desire to belong to the accepting group. In Study 1 ( N = 61), international students who had low, compared to high, desire for inclusion in a host society behaved more aggressively when informed that the…
Loss of control stimulates approach motivation
Social Identity Reduces Depression by Fostering Positive Attributions
Social identities are generally associated with better health and in particular lower levels of depression. However, there has been limited investigation of why social identities protect against depression. The current research suggests that social identities reduce depression in part because they attenuate the depressive attribution style (internal, stable, and global; e.g., “I failed because I’m stupid”). These relationships are first investiga…
The Stress of Passing Through an Educational Bottleneck: A Longitudinal Study of Psychology Honours Students
ObjectiveAn educational bottleneck occurs when students enter a phase of their training in which progression is highly competitive and determined by academic performance. We hypothesised that educational bottlenecks have a negative impact on student wellbeing, and investigated six potential protective factors.MethodA mixed‐method approach was used to explore the hitherto unstudied impact of bottlenecks on student wellbeing in a sample of psycholo…
The role of motivation for rewards in vicarious goal satiation
From “we” to “me: Group identification enhances perceived personal control with consequences for health and well-being
There is growing recognition that identification with social groups can protect and enhance health and well-being, thereby constituting a kind of "social cure." The present research explores the role of control as a novel mediator of the relationship between shared group identity and well-being. Five studies provide evidence for this process. Group identification predicted significantly greater perceived personal control across 47 countries (Stud…
Collective efficacy increases pro-environmental intentions through increasing self-efficacy
Context shapes social judgments of positive emotion suppression and expression
It is generally considered socially undesirable to suppress the expression of positive emotion. However, previous research has not considered the role that social context plays in governing appropriate emotion regulation. We investigated a context in which it may be more appropriate to suppress than express positive emotion, hypothesizing that positive emotion expressions would be considered inappropriate when the valence of the expressed emotion…
Social identities promote well‐being because they satisfy global psychological needs
Social identities are known to improve well‐being, but why is this? We argue that this is because they satisfy basic psychological needs, specifically, the need to belong, the need for self‐esteem, the need for control and the need for meaningful existence. A longitudinal study ( N = 70) revealed that gain in identity strength was associated with increased need satisfaction over 7 months. A cross‐sectional study ( N = 146) revealed that social id…
Feeling Hopeful Inspires Support for Social Change
Hope is an emotion that has been implicated in social change efforts, yet little research has examined whether feeling hopeful actually motivates support for social change. Study 1 (N = 274) confirmed that hope is associated with greater support for social change in two countries with different political contexts. Study 2 (N = 165) revealed that hope predicts support for social change over and above other emotions often investigated in collective…
Suppress for success? Exploring the contexts in which expressing positive emotion can have social costs
Researchers and lay people alike have tended to focus on social benefits of expressing positive emotion and, as a result, tend to overlook potential social costs. In this paper, we consider limits to the idea that expressing positive emotion is universally beneficial and review literature demonstrating that, in some contexts, expressing positive emotion can have social costs. Building on our own and others’ work in this space, we outline three so…
Advancing the social identity approach to health and well‐being: Progressing the social cure research agenda
The health of people's body and mind is powerfully conditioned by social factors that affect their social identity. Consistent with this notion, there is a growing interest in the way that group memberships (and the social identities derived from belonging to these groups) affect health and well‐being. To the extent that group memberships provide individuals with meaning, support, and agency (i.e., a positive sense of social identity), health is …
Cognition in context: Social inclusion attenuates the psychological boundary between self and other
Does Human-Animal Similarity Lower the Need to Affirm Humans' Superiority Relative to Animals? A Social Psychological Viewpoint
This research integrates different social psychological theories to test whether human–animal similarity promotes affiliation with animals and lowers the need to affirm humans' superiority relative to animals. On the basis of theories of intergroup relations, terror management theory, and work conducted in the field of human–animal relations, we expected that higher human–animal similarity would decrease the need to affirm humans' superiority rel…
Are “they” out to get me? A social identity model of paranoia
This research tests a social identity model of paranoia, building on work showing that identification with social groups is associated with less paranoid thinking. Studies 1 ( N = 800) and 2 ( N = 779) supported this model, showing that national group identification is associated with lower paranoia. Study 3 ( N = 784) added to the literature by probing the mechanisms underlying these relationships, and found that it is through enhanced control a…
Winners are grinners: Expressing authentic positive emotion enhances status in performance contexts
The benefits and burdens of keeping others' secrets
The source model of group threat: Responding to internal and external threats
We introduce a model of group threat that articulates the opposing effects of intergroup (between-groups) and intragroup (within-group) threat on identity processes and group relations. The source model of group threat argues that the perceived source of a threat is critical in predicting its consequences, such that perceptions of intergroup threat will strengthen (in)group identity processes and relations, whereas perceptions of intragroup threa…
Thinking Through Secrets: Rethinking the Role of Thought Suppression in Secrecy
Having secrets on the mind is associated with lower well-being, and a common view of secrets is that people work to suppress and avoid them—but might people actually want to think about their secrets? Four studies examining more than 11,000 real-world secrets found that the answer depends on the importance of the secret: People generally seek to engage with thoughts of significant secrets and seek to suppress thoughts of trivial secrets. Inconsis…
Social identity mapping online
721) featuring community, student, new parent, and retiree samples, test the reliability and validity of oSIM. Results indicate that the tool is easy to use, engaging, has good internal consistency as well as convergent and discriminant validity, and predicts relevant outcomes across a range of contexts. Furthermore, using meta-analytic findings, the tool is able to index a higher-order social identity construct, here introduced as a supergroup. …
Psychology (46 works) · Social Psychology (41 works) · Social Psychology (22 works) · Developmental psychology (20 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (20 works) · Cognitive psychology (18 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (15 works) · Social identity theory (13 works) · Social group (12 works) · Cognition (9 works)