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Eman Al Khalaf

Biographic Data

ID1684094
NAMEEman Al Khalaf
GIVEN NAMESEman
FAMILY NAMEAl Khalaf
SIGNATUREAL KHALAF E
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of Jordan
ORCID0000-0003-0881-8387
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS22
TOTAL CITATIONS26
AUTHOR COUNT22
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2017
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX2
  • Against PF-repair: Preposition stranding under sluicing in Jordanian Arabic

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Open Linguistics•2026

    This paper examines apparent preposition-stranding under sluicing in Jordanian Arabic. On the surface, JA appears to violate the Preposition-Stranding Generalization (PSG): overt P-stranding is categorically banned, yet P-less sluices are nevertheless accepted. I argue that this mismatch is merely superficial. Drawing on diagnostics adapted from sluicing in Arabic more broadly (i.e., contrast sluicing, wh-type asymmetries, cleft morphology, conne…

  • Negation height and NPI licensing in Jordanian Arabic: Experimental support for an agree-based account

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Ayman Yasin•ARTICLE•Social Sciences & Humanities Open•2026

    This paper presents the first experimental investigation of licensing of Negative Polarity Items (NPIs) in Jordanian Arabic (JA). NPIs are expressions that are restricted to non-affirmative environments such as negation and other nonveridical contexts. JA is an ideal testing ground because it employs two structurally distinct negation strategies: a high clausal negator mā and a bipartite low negation ma–V–š . We report two offline experiments, a …

  • Economy and symmetry in across-the-board movement: Evidence from acceptability judgments in L2 English

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Sura Alyamani•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2026

    Across-the-Board (ATB) movement has long served as a testing ground for theories of displacement and coordination. The Coordinate Structure Constraint (CSC) bans extraction from a single conjunct, yet canonical ATB structures are consistently well-formed, revealing the role of deeper conditions, economy, symmetry and PF linearization, in licensing. This study asks whether such conditions also shape interlanguage grammars, where overt morphologica…

  • A Corpus Study of Cyberbullying Metaphors Used on Social Media: Employing Conceptual Metaphor Theory

    Open Access•Eman J Taha, Eman Al Khalaf et al.•ARTICLE•Theory and Practice in Language…•2025

    This study delves into the theoretical analysis of metaphors employed by male and female users on Facebook to cyberbully five Arab female celebrities. Employing Conceptual Metaphor theory, the investigation focuses on two primary facets: women's appearance and behaviors. The study compiles and scrutinizes two corpora—715 metaphors provided by male commenters and 140 metaphors provided by female commenters. The metaphors are collected from comment…

  • Apology Strategies Used by Native Speakers of Kabyle

    Open Access•Lamia Dahmani, Eman Al Khalaf et al.•ARTICLE•Theory and Practice in Language…•2024

    The present study investigates the strategies of apology used by 30 native speakers of Kabyle (15 males and 15 females) living in Bejaia city, Algeria. The data were collected through the use of a written discourse completion task (WDCT) consisting of nine hypothetical scenarios. The results of the study showed that Kabyles used different types of strategies. Illocutionary force indicating devices (IFIDs) were the most frequently used strategy. C…

  • Developing EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Repertoire Through Semantic Relations Techniques

    Open Access•Nisreen Naji Al-Khawaldeh, Eman Al Khalaf et al.•ARTICLE•Theory and Practice in Language…•2024

    The study investigates the impact of teaching vocabulary through semantic relations (i.e. including hyponymy, synonymy, antonymy, polysemy, homonymy and metonyms) on the breadth and depth of EFL learners’ vocabulary knowledge. A convenient sample of 50 freshman EFL learners from a state university in Jordan was recruited. The study followed an experimental approach; data were collected through pre- and post-tests over an academic term. An intervi…

  • Language Maintenance: The Case of Modern Standard Arabic Among Bilinguals

    Open Access•Nisreen Naji Al-Khawaldeh, Omar I S Alomoush et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Language Teaching and…•2024

    This study explores how Jordanians, especially bilinguals, can maintain the usage of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Despite the importance of this topic, it is a fairly unaddressed area of research in the Arabic context in general and Jordan in particular. The study contributes to knowledge by raising the awareness of Jordanians and authorities about the means necessary to maintain the usage of MSA among Jordanians. Data were collected via face-to…

  • The syntax of non-canonical coordination in Jordanian Arabic: An experimental investigation

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Bassil Mohammad Mashaqba et al.•ARTICLE•Open Linguistics•2024

    Non-canonical coordination occurs when non-constituents are conjoined. Two major types of non-canonical coordination are gapping and non-constituent coordination (NCC). Non-canonical coordination has received interest for its relevance to core issues in syntax, such as constituency and phrase structure. The aim of this article is twofold. First, it provides empirical evidence for non-canonical coordination from Jordanian Arabic (JA) via an experi…

  • Split topicalization as remnant movement: The case of Jordanian Arabic

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Eman M Khalaf•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2024

    This paper empirically and theoretically investigates the syntax of split topicalization in Jordanian Arabic, a previously undiscovered phenomenon. The results of a large-scale acceptability judgment task (n = 463) reveal that Jordanian Arabic displays split topicalization of various categorial types. Building on the labeling framework, the remnant movement analysis and the idea that there exists an IP-internal focus position below T and above th…

  • Negative scope ambiguity in serial verb constructions in Jordanian Arabic: An experimental investigation

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Nisreen Naji Al-Khawaldeh et al.•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2024

    This article provides a systematic investigation of serial verb constructions in Jordanian Arabic, reporting the results of two experiments. Experiment 1 (n = 86) involves an acceptability judgment task where participants rated serialized and non-serialized verbs on a 5-point Likert scale. The results of this experiment indicate that speakers of Jordanian Arabic find the serialized verbs to be as attested as their non-serialized counterparts. Exp…

  • Semantic scope ambiguity in gapping and non-constituent coordination: A generative analysis

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Eman M Khalaf•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2024

    Coordination has been thought to be a reliable test of constituency; thus all the cases of apparent non-constituent coordination (noncanonical coordination) were assumed to be derived via reduction: movement or ellipsis. This view has been challenged by facts from the semantics of non-canonical coordination, particularly scope ambiguity in gapping and non-constituent coordination. I provide here an analysis that accounts for this type of ambiguit…

  • The syntax of serial verbs in Jordanian Arabic: A cartographic analysis

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Nisreen Naji Al-Khawaldeh et al.•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2024

    Serial verb constructions have been the focus of much linguistic research, especially in studies on languages of East Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific. This paper contributes to the growing body of research on the topic by providing empirical data from Jordanian Arabic, through an introspective study, which show that this dialect exhibits this type of phenomenon. The Jordanian Arabic data are examined against defined characteristics of ser…

  • Variation in verbal negation in Jordanian Arabic: A corpus-based analysis

    Open Access•Ekab Al-Shawashreh, Marwan Jarrah et al.•ARTICLE•Lingua•2024•Cited by: 2•References: 16

  • Broken Plural in Jordanian Arabic: Constraint-Based Evidence From Loanwords Adaptation

    Open Access•Bassil Mohammad Mashaqba, Anas Huneety et al.•ARTICLE•Dialectologia•2023

    Based on a critical review of previous work, this paper shows that prosodic phonology models do not account for all broken plurals in Arabic especially in the case of singular forms comprising two or more different plurals, and in the dialectal variations of selecting the optimal plural pattern.As evidenced in loanword adaptation in Bedouin Jordanian Arabic, this paper proposes a well-defined set of prosodically-based constraints that account for…

  • Production of pragmatic routines by Algerian EFL learners: The effect of corpus-based instruction

    Open Access•Hamida Bouzekria, Bassil Mohammad Mashaqba et al.•ARTICLE•Ampersand•2023

    The study investigates the effect of corpus-based L2 pragmatics instruction on the production of pragmatic routines by Algerian EFL learners. The sample consisted of 60 Algerian EFL learners from the University of Mohammed e-Seddik Ben Yahia, divided equally into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received extensive instructional intervention on the meaning and functions of pragmatic routines, while the control grou…

  • Constituency and left-sharing in coordination

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•English Language and Linguistics•2022

    A long-standing assumption in the syntactic literature is that coordination can only target constituents. This assumption has been a subject of much debate, with many authors questioning its validity. This article enters this debate by reconsidering a constraint on left-sharing in coordination which Osborne & Gross (2017) have recently introduced, namely left node blocking . To account for this constraint, Osborne & Gross propose the P rinciple o…

  • Furthest conjunct agreement in Jordanian Arabic: Evidence for multiple (non)simultaneous Agree

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Natural Language and Linguistic…•2022•Cited by: 1•References: 33

  • Semantic scope in Q-float constructions: An experimental investigation

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Bassil Mashaqba et al.•ARTICLE•Lingua•2022•References: 5

  • Category Mismatches in Coordination Revisited

    Benjamin Bruening, Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Linguistic Inquiry•2020•Cited by: 8•References: 37

    We reexamine cases of coordinated elements that do not match in syntactic category. We show that these fall into two types. The first type includes predicates, modifiers in the clausal domain, and such modifiers apparently coordinated with arguments. We argue that these do not actually involve coordination of unlike categories. The second type involves coordinated arguments of different categories. With this type, unlike the first, noninitial con…

  • No argument–adjunct asymmetry in reconstruction for Binding Condition C

    Open Access•Benjamin Bruening, Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Journal of Linguistics•2018•Cited by: 15•References: 8

    The syntax literature has overwhelmingly adopted the view that Condition C reconstruction takes place in wh-chains for R-expressions contained within arguments, but not within adjuncts of fronted wh-phrases. At the same time, this empirical picture has been questioned by various authors. We undertake a series of grammaticality surveys using Amazon Mechanical Turk in an attempt to clarify the empirical picture regarding reconstruction for Binding …

  • Forthcoming articles

    Open Access•Andrea Beltrama, Rui Chaves et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Linguistics•2018

    An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button

  • NPI licensing in Jordanian Arabic: An argument for downward entailment and syntax-semantics interface

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Topics in Linguistics•2017

    Recent work shows that downward entailment (DE) cannot be the right semantic domain that licenses negative polarity items (NPIs). Zwarts (1995), Giannakidou (1998), among others, argue that NPIs are licensed in non-veridical domains, those that do not entail or presuppose the truth of the propositions they embed. In this paper, based on empirical facts, I argue that DE theory is the right analysis for Jordanian Arabic. I propose an analysis of NP…

  • No argument–adjunct asymmetry in reconstruction for Binding Condition C

    Open Access•Benjamin Bruening, Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Journal of Linguistics•2018•Cited by: 15•References: 8

    The syntax literature has overwhelmingly adopted the view that Condition C reconstruction takes place in wh-chains for R-expressions contained within arguments, but not within adjuncts of fronted wh-phrases. At the same time, this empirical picture has been questioned by various authors. We undertake a series of grammaticality surveys using Amazon Mechanical Turk in an attempt to clarify the empirical picture regarding reconstruction for Binding …

  • Category Mismatches in Coordination Revisited

    Benjamin Bruening, Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Linguistic Inquiry•2020•Cited by: 8•References: 37

    We reexamine cases of coordinated elements that do not match in syntactic category. We show that these fall into two types. The first type includes predicates, modifiers in the clausal domain, and such modifiers apparently coordinated with arguments. We argue that these do not actually involve coordination of unlike categories. The second type involves coordinated arguments of different categories. With this type, unlike the first, noninitial con…

  • Variation in verbal negation in Jordanian Arabic: A corpus-based analysis

    Open Access•Ekab Al-Shawashreh, Marwan Jarrah et al.•ARTICLE•Lingua•2024•Cited by: 2•References: 16

  • Furthest conjunct agreement in Jordanian Arabic: Evidence for multiple (non)simultaneous Agree

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Natural Language and Linguistic…•2022•Cited by: 1•References: 33

  • NPI licensing in Jordanian Arabic: An argument for downward entailment and syntax-semantics interface

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Topics in Linguistics•2017

    Recent work shows that downward entailment (DE) cannot be the right semantic domain that licenses negative polarity items (NPIs). Zwarts (1995), Giannakidou (1998), among others, argue that NPIs are licensed in non-veridical domains, those that do not entail or presuppose the truth of the propositions they embed. In this paper, based on empirical facts, I argue that DE theory is the right analysis for Jordanian Arabic. I propose an analysis of NP…

  • No argument–adjunct asymmetry in reconstruction for Binding Condition C

    Open Access•Benjamin Bruening, Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Journal of Linguistics•2018•Cited by: 15•References: 8

    The syntax literature has overwhelmingly adopted the view that Condition C reconstruction takes place in wh-chains for R-expressions contained within arguments, but not within adjuncts of fronted wh-phrases. At the same time, this empirical picture has been questioned by various authors. We undertake a series of grammaticality surveys using Amazon Mechanical Turk in an attempt to clarify the empirical picture regarding reconstruction for Binding …

  • Forthcoming articles

    Open Access•Andrea Beltrama, Rui Chaves et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Linguistics•2018

    An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button

  • Category Mismatches in Coordination Revisited

    Benjamin Bruening, Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Linguistic Inquiry•2020•Cited by: 8•References: 37

    We reexamine cases of coordinated elements that do not match in syntactic category. We show that these fall into two types. The first type includes predicates, modifiers in the clausal domain, and such modifiers apparently coordinated with arguments. We argue that these do not actually involve coordination of unlike categories. The second type involves coordinated arguments of different categories. With this type, unlike the first, noninitial con…

  • Constituency and left-sharing in coordination

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•English Language and Linguistics•2022

    A long-standing assumption in the syntactic literature is that coordination can only target constituents. This assumption has been a subject of much debate, with many authors questioning its validity. This article enters this debate by reconsidering a constraint on left-sharing in coordination which Osborne & Gross (2017) have recently introduced, namely left node blocking . To account for this constraint, Osborne & Gross propose the P rinciple o…

  • Furthest conjunct agreement in Jordanian Arabic: Evidence for multiple (non)simultaneous Agree

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Natural Language and Linguistic…•2022•Cited by: 1•References: 33

  • Semantic scope in Q-float constructions: An experimental investigation

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Bassil Mashaqba et al.•ARTICLE•Lingua•2022•References: 5

  • Broken Plural in Jordanian Arabic: Constraint-Based Evidence From Loanwords Adaptation

    Open Access•Bassil Mohammad Mashaqba, Anas Huneety et al.•ARTICLE•Dialectologia•2023

    Based on a critical review of previous work, this paper shows that prosodic phonology models do not account for all broken plurals in Arabic especially in the case of singular forms comprising two or more different plurals, and in the dialectal variations of selecting the optimal plural pattern.As evidenced in loanword adaptation in Bedouin Jordanian Arabic, this paper proposes a well-defined set of prosodically-based constraints that account for…

  • Production of pragmatic routines by Algerian EFL learners: The effect of corpus-based instruction

    Open Access•Hamida Bouzekria, Bassil Mohammad Mashaqba et al.•ARTICLE•Ampersand•2023

    The study investigates the effect of corpus-based L2 pragmatics instruction on the production of pragmatic routines by Algerian EFL learners. The sample consisted of 60 Algerian EFL learners from the University of Mohammed e-Seddik Ben Yahia, divided equally into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received extensive instructional intervention on the meaning and functions of pragmatic routines, while the control grou…

  • Apology Strategies Used by Native Speakers of Kabyle

    Open Access•Lamia Dahmani, Eman Al Khalaf et al.•ARTICLE•Theory and Practice in Language…•2024

    The present study investigates the strategies of apology used by 30 native speakers of Kabyle (15 males and 15 females) living in Bejaia city, Algeria. The data were collected through the use of a written discourse completion task (WDCT) consisting of nine hypothetical scenarios. The results of the study showed that Kabyles used different types of strategies. Illocutionary force indicating devices (IFIDs) were the most frequently used strategy. C…

  • Developing EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Repertoire Through Semantic Relations Techniques

    Open Access•Nisreen Naji Al-Khawaldeh, Eman Al Khalaf et al.•ARTICLE•Theory and Practice in Language…•2024

    The study investigates the impact of teaching vocabulary through semantic relations (i.e. including hyponymy, synonymy, antonymy, polysemy, homonymy and metonyms) on the breadth and depth of EFL learners’ vocabulary knowledge. A convenient sample of 50 freshman EFL learners from a state university in Jordan was recruited. The study followed an experimental approach; data were collected through pre- and post-tests over an academic term. An intervi…

  • Language Maintenance: The Case of Modern Standard Arabic Among Bilinguals

    Open Access•Nisreen Naji Al-Khawaldeh, Omar I S Alomoush et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Language Teaching and…•2024

    This study explores how Jordanians, especially bilinguals, can maintain the usage of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Despite the importance of this topic, it is a fairly unaddressed area of research in the Arabic context in general and Jordan in particular. The study contributes to knowledge by raising the awareness of Jordanians and authorities about the means necessary to maintain the usage of MSA among Jordanians. Data were collected via face-to…

  • The syntax of non-canonical coordination in Jordanian Arabic: An experimental investigation

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Bassil Mohammad Mashaqba et al.•ARTICLE•Open Linguistics•2024

    Non-canonical coordination occurs when non-constituents are conjoined. Two major types of non-canonical coordination are gapping and non-constituent coordination (NCC). Non-canonical coordination has received interest for its relevance to core issues in syntax, such as constituency and phrase structure. The aim of this article is twofold. First, it provides empirical evidence for non-canonical coordination from Jordanian Arabic (JA) via an experi…

  • Split topicalization as remnant movement: The case of Jordanian Arabic

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Eman M Khalaf•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2024

    This paper empirically and theoretically investigates the syntax of split topicalization in Jordanian Arabic, a previously undiscovered phenomenon. The results of a large-scale acceptability judgment task (n = 463) reveal that Jordanian Arabic displays split topicalization of various categorial types. Building on the labeling framework, the remnant movement analysis and the idea that there exists an IP-internal focus position below T and above th…

  • Negative scope ambiguity in serial verb constructions in Jordanian Arabic: An experimental investigation

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Nisreen Naji Al-Khawaldeh et al.•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2024

    This article provides a systematic investigation of serial verb constructions in Jordanian Arabic, reporting the results of two experiments. Experiment 1 (n = 86) involves an acceptability judgment task where participants rated serialized and non-serialized verbs on a 5-point Likert scale. The results of this experiment indicate that speakers of Jordanian Arabic find the serialized verbs to be as attested as their non-serialized counterparts. Exp…

  • Semantic scope ambiguity in gapping and non-constituent coordination: A generative analysis

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Eman M Khalaf•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2024

    Coordination has been thought to be a reliable test of constituency; thus all the cases of apparent non-constituent coordination (noncanonical coordination) were assumed to be derived via reduction: movement or ellipsis. This view has been challenged by facts from the semantics of non-canonical coordination, particularly scope ambiguity in gapping and non-constituent coordination. I provide here an analysis that accounts for this type of ambiguit…

  • The syntax of serial verbs in Jordanian Arabic: A cartographic analysis

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Nisreen Naji Al-Khawaldeh et al.•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2024

    Serial verb constructions have been the focus of much linguistic research, especially in studies on languages of East Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific. This paper contributes to the growing body of research on the topic by providing empirical data from Jordanian Arabic, through an introspective study, which show that this dialect exhibits this type of phenomenon. The Jordanian Arabic data are examined against defined characteristics of ser…

  • Variation in verbal negation in Jordanian Arabic: A corpus-based analysis

    Open Access•Ekab Al-Shawashreh, Marwan Jarrah et al.•ARTICLE•Lingua•2024•Cited by: 2•References: 16

  • A Corpus Study of Cyberbullying Metaphors Used on Social Media: Employing Conceptual Metaphor Theory

    Open Access•Eman J Taha, Eman Al Khalaf et al.•ARTICLE•Theory and Practice in Language…•2025

    This study delves into the theoretical analysis of metaphors employed by male and female users on Facebook to cyberbully five Arab female celebrities. Employing Conceptual Metaphor theory, the investigation focuses on two primary facets: women's appearance and behaviors. The study compiles and scrutinizes two corpora—715 metaphors provided by male commenters and 140 metaphors provided by female commenters. The metaphors are collected from comment…

  • Against PF-repair: Preposition stranding under sluicing in Jordanian Arabic

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf•ARTICLE•Open Linguistics•2026

    This paper examines apparent preposition-stranding under sluicing in Jordanian Arabic. On the surface, JA appears to violate the Preposition-Stranding Generalization (PSG): overt P-stranding is categorically banned, yet P-less sluices are nevertheless accepted. I argue that this mismatch is merely superficial. Drawing on diagnostics adapted from sluicing in Arabic more broadly (i.e., contrast sluicing, wh-type asymmetries, cleft morphology, conne…

  • Negation height and NPI licensing in Jordanian Arabic: Experimental support for an agree-based account

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Ayman Yasin•ARTICLE•Social Sciences & Humanities Open•2026

    This paper presents the first experimental investigation of licensing of Negative Polarity Items (NPIs) in Jordanian Arabic (JA). NPIs are expressions that are restricted to non-affirmative environments such as negation and other nonveridical contexts. JA is an ideal testing ground because it employs two structurally distinct negation strategies: a high clausal negator mā and a bipartite low negation ma–V–š . We report two offline experiments, a …

  • Economy and symmetry in across-the-board movement: Evidence from acceptability judgments in L2 English

    Open Access•Eman Al Khalaf, Sura Alyamani•ARTICLE•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2026

    Across-the-Board (ATB) movement has long served as a testing ground for theories of displacement and coordination. The Coordinate Structure Constraint (CSC) bans extraction from a single conjunct, yet canonical ATB structures are consistently well-formed, revealing the role of deeper conditions, economy, symmetry and PF linearization, in licensing. This study asks whether such conditions also shape interlanguage grammars, where overt morphologica…

Linguistics (18 works) · Computer Science (16 works) · Philosophy (16 works) · Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation (14 works) · Natural language processing (9 works) · Psychology (9 works) · Arabic (8 works) · Natural Language Processing Techniques (8 works) · Syntax (8 works) · Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis (7 works)

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