Heather Worth
Biographic Data
| ID | 168640 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Heather Worth |
| GIVEN NAMES | Heather |
| FAMILY NAME | Worth |
| SIGNATURE | WORTH H |
| AFFILIATIONS | UNSW Sydney |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5228-9588 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 49 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 119 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 49 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
A Hybrid Evaluation Approach: Incorporating Multiple Cultures Into Evaluation Design
Culturally responsive evaluation contests the presumed universality of Western-derived evaluation methods and emphasises the importance of adapting evaluation methods to be context-sensitive. It prioritises respect for the values of the communities participating in an evaluation and mutual empowerment. While there are evaluation methods and approaches that reflect Indigenous ways of knowing and experience, and frameworks for identifying the cultu…
The experience of abortion for Cook Islands women: Exploring the socio-cultural dimensions of abortion safety
Abortion is significantly restricted by law in most Pacific Island countries, impacting the rights, health and autonomy of people who experience pregnancy. We undertook qualitative research between February and August 2022 on Rarotonga, Cook Islands, where abortion is illegal under most circumstances. We conducted interviews with women who had accessed or tried to access abortion services; people who had supported women to access abortion service…
Illegal abortion and reproductive injustice in the Pacific Islands: A qualitative analysis of court data
The Oceania region is home to some of the world's most restrictive abortion laws, and there is evidence of Pacific Island women's reproductive oppression across several aspects of their reproductive lives, including in relation to contraceptive decision‐making, birthing, and fertility. In this paper we analyse documents from court cases in the Pacific Islands regarding the illegal procurement of abortion. We undertook inductive thematic analysis …
When they do that kind of bad things to me, I feel that they encourage me to be strong and be who I am’: How transfeminine people in Samoa, Tonga and the Cook Islands experience discrimination, accept…
Data on transfeminine participants from a 2016 Pacific Multi-Country Mapping and Behavioural Study evidence high levels of verbal, physical and sexual abuse, as well as discrimination. In interviews from the same study, accounts of hardship were frequently countered with assertions of happiness and talk of acceptance. This paper analyses these accounts and, in particular, the ways in which interviewees viewed and managed their place in society. D…
We Live Just Like a Normal Family”: Exploring Local Renderings of the Global HIV Normalisation Discourse Among Serodiscordant Couples in Papua New Guinea
The contemporary global discourse of “HIV normalisation” is intimately linked to the scientific consensus that, with effective antiretroviral therapy, an “undetectable” viral load renders HIV “non-infectious” and “untransmittable” between sexual partners. Beyond this correlation, HIV normality is rarely defined, leaving the impression that it is an objective and universally applicable phenomenon. But what does normality mean in settings where the…
Making Sense of Serodiscordance: Pathways and Aftermaths of HIV Testing among Couples with Mixed HIV Status in Papua New Guinea
The World Health Organization has emphasised the importance of HIV testing for couples as part of a global strategy to support the HIV prevention needs of couples, particularly those whose test results are ‘serodiscordant’ (one partner is diagnosed HIV-positive, the other HIV-negative). Studies have focused on motivations and barriers to testing together as a couple. However, this provides only partial insights into a bigger and often more comple…
Perpetration of Violence by Female Sex Workers in Papua New Guinea: ‘We will Crush their Bones’
There is a small but important body of literature on female sex workers’ (FSWs) violence towards others, but little of that focused on low- and middle-income countries. Drawn from a larger biobehavioural study of FSWs in three cities in Papua New Guinea, we analyse the interviews from 19 FSWs who reported having perpetrated physical violence towards four major groups: (1) ex-husbands; (2) clients; (3) other sex workers and (4) other people (mainl…
Caring Masculinities in the Context of HIV Serodiscordant Relationships in Papua New Guinea
Globally, there is limited research exploring the positive role men play in reducing HIV vulnerability or in the care and support of women living with HIV. This paper draws on interviews conducted with men and women in heterosexual HIV serodiscordant relationships as part of a longitudinal qualitative study exploring the social aspects of biomedicine among serodiscordant couples in two high HIV-burden areas in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Findings hig…
Polygyny, Serodiscordance and HIV Prevention in Papua New Guinea: A Qualitative Exploration of Diverse Configurations
Polygyny is practised in vastly different cultural contexts, including in Papua New Guinea (PNG). The literature is contradictory, arguing that polygyny is either protective against HIV or a critical risk factor. Neither argument accounts for the diversity of polygyny. Even less attention has been paid to polygynous marriages with mixed HIV status (serodiscordance). This paper draws on a longitudinal study of the socio-cultural aspects of biomedi…
Historic and Contemporary Influences on HIV Advocacy in Vietnam
HIV civil society advocacy in Vietnam is shaped by a unique fusion of historic and contemporary influences, resulting in nuanced ways in which advocacy is practised. In this study, we interviewed representatives from civil society, the Government of Vietnam, international NGOs, multilateral and research organisations and commercial consultancies to identify the influences on advocacy practice today. Aspects of Confucianism, Buddhism, Communism an…
Prevalence and correlates of intimate partner violence against women in conflict affected northern Uganda: A cross-sectional study
Our findings show that IPV is a significant issue in conflict affected northern Uganda, and attitudes that normalise and justify IPV are common. Alcohol abuse among young men in northern Uganda is highly prevalent and strongly associated with IPV towards women, as are controlling behaviours exhibited by the male partner. Interventions to reduce alcohol consumption among men in this region are likely to have important benefits in reducing the prev…
I loved him all my life’: Love, duty and homosexuality in post-liberation China
This article is born out of an oral history study of 31 elderly homosexual men in four cities in China. It shows the ways in which major events of Chinese history since the birth of the People's Republic in 1949 intervene in personal lives and, in turn, how personal lives are drawn into larger historical events. One of the major themes running through these life narratives is that of love and duty. The interrelationship, as well as the tensions, …
Buddhist evaluation: Applying a Buddhist world view to the Most Significant Change Technique
Culturally responsive evaluation recognises the existence of diverse ontologies and epistemologies or understandings of existence and ways that people know, reason and perceive the world respectively. Its exponents argue that these should be reflected in evaluation practice. Buddhism has a significant global influence today, particularly in some countries in South East and East Asia, where it is practised by a large majority of the population. In…
Confucian Evaluation: Reframing Contribution Analysis Using a Confucian Lens
Culturally responsive evaluation contests that Western-derived evaluation methods represent a universal truth and promotes approaches that reflect the local context. Taking this approach, we examine how the method of contribution analysis may be modified to reflect a different worldview. We reframe contribution analysis using a Confucian lens as Confucianism represents a value system that is still integral to the way societies operate in several …
Sex Work and the Problem of Inequality: A Pacific Perspective
There was no mercy at all: Hooliganism, homosexuality and the opening-up of China
This article discusses the Chinese state crackdown on homosexuality during the reform period through the narratives of homosexual men who were arrested and sentenced to re-education through labour at that time. Utilising the work on morality and law by Zygmunt Bauman, it is shown that Deng Xiaoping's proposal in 1979 to advance Chinese socialist spiritual civilisation was operationalised through a wide variety of procedures, including the use of …
Vibrant Entanglements: HIV Biomedicine and Serodiscordant Couples in Papua New Guinea
The global ambition to "end AIDS" hinges on the universal uptake of HIV treatment-as-prevention and is undergirded by the assumption that biomedical technologies have consistent, predictable effects across highly diverse settings. But as anthropologists argue, such technologies are actively transformed by their local encounters, with various constitutive effects. How priority populations, such as HIV "serodiscordant" couples, negotiate treatment-…
Usage of the Terms Prostitution, Sex Work, Transactional Sex, and Survival Sex: Their Utility in HIV Prevention Research
Good culture, bad culture’: Polygyny, cultural change and structural drivers of HIV in Papua New Guinea
Culture is often problematised as a key structural driver of HIV transmission in Papua New Guinea. Official HIV programmes, as well as church teachings, tend to focus on customary marital practices of polygyny and bride price payments as 'harmful traditions'. This focus can oversimplify the effects of current and historical nuances of cultural, political and economic change on sexual concurrency and gender inequality. Community-based healthcare w…
Development of a Risk Algorithm to Better Target STI Testing and Treatment Among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People
Pastoral power in HIV prevention: Converging rationalities of care in Christian and medical practices in Papua New Guinea
Under the Same Quilt: The Paradoxes of Sex Between Men in the Cultural Revolution
This article describes the paradoxes experienced by homosexual men during the Chinese Cultural Revolution. Interviews with 31 elderly Chinese gay men were carried out in four cities in China in 2011. Although homosexual men were terribly persecuted, chaotic situations and dislocations of youth from their families provided young homosexual men with a remarkable degree of personal freedom and the opportunity to explore same-sex relations. Analysis …
Individual and population level impacts of illicit drug use, sexual risk behaviours on sexually transmitted infections among young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: Results from the Goanna…
Illicit drug use in this population is relatively high compared to other similar aged populations in Australia. Illicit drug use was associated with risky sexual behaviours and STI diagnoses among this study population. Developing and implementing effective STI prevention strategies should include not only safe sex messages but also include drug and alcohol harm reduction messages
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Problematics of empowerment: Sex worker HIV prevention in the Pacific
A recent overview of HIV/STI prevention programmes for sex workers in the Pacific region indicates that, despite a regional policy shift from universal to targeted interventions, Pacific Island countries currently lack core HIV/STI prevention services for sex workers. Across the region, condom distribution, peer outreach and support services for sex workers have ceased even in countries where such programmes had previously existed. This article c…
Somewhere over the rainbow: Love, Trust and Monogamy in Gay Relationships
Anthony Giddens argues that late modernity is characterized by a democratization of intimate relationships and that gay men and lesbian women appear to be an expression of that movement. This paper is based on interviews with 20 New Zealand men - representing 11 gay couples - who discussed issues of monogamy, trust and sexual behaviour negotiations in their relationships. Overall, they had conventional notions of relationships, romantic love and …
Discourses of disease: Representations of tuberculosis within New Zealand newspapers 2002-2004
Associations between Crystal Methamphetamine Use and Potentially Unsafe Sexual Activity among Gay Men in Australia
Usage of the Terms Prostitution, Sex Work, Transactional Sex, and Survival Sex: Their Utility in HIV Prevention Research
Pastoral power in HIV prevention: Converging rationalities of care in Christian and medical practices in Papua New Guinea
The Myth of the Bisexual Infector: HIV Risk and Men Who Have Sex with Men and Women
Bisexual men are objects of fear and blame in an era of AIDS. They are not only considered secretive and promiscuous fence sitters, they are also condemned as risking women's lives because they have sex with both men and women. The percentage of women being newly diagnosed with HIV in ‘developed’ countries is increasing. Focusing on possible present HIV risk, this paper will examine the empirical evidence of widespread HIV transmission or risk to…
There was no mercy at all: Hooliganism, homosexuality and the opening-up of China
This article discusses the Chinese state crackdown on homosexuality during the reform period through the narratives of homosexual men who were arrested and sentenced to re-education through labour at that time. Utilising the work on morality and law by Zygmunt Bauman, it is shown that Deng Xiaoping's proposal in 1979 to advance Chinese socialist spiritual civilisation was operationalised through a wide variety of procedures, including the use of …
Solidarity beyond Sexuality: The Personal Communities of Gay Men
The relevance of community in the face of mounting individualism remains a pressing sociological issue. Social fragmentation challenges traditional communities of shared identifications and collective memberships while flexible relationship options lead sociologists to question the real benefits of friendships and the viability of personal commitments. These issues are sharply defined in current debates about 'gay community' and whether sexual pr…
Introduction to special issue: Reckless vectors: The infecting “other” in HIV/Aids law
Caring Masculinities in the Context of HIV Serodiscordant Relationships in Papua New Guinea
Globally, there is limited research exploring the positive role men play in reducing HIV vulnerability or in the care and support of women living with HIV. This paper draws on interviews conducted with men and women in heterosexual HIV serodiscordant relationships as part of a longitudinal qualitative study exploring the social aspects of biomedicine among serodiscordant couples in two high HIV-burden areas in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Findings hig…
Vibrant Entanglements: HIV Biomedicine and Serodiscordant Couples in Papua New Guinea
The global ambition to "end AIDS" hinges on the universal uptake of HIV treatment-as-prevention and is undergirded by the assumption that biomedical technologies have consistent, predictable effects across highly diverse settings. But as anthropologists argue, such technologies are actively transformed by their local encounters, with various constitutive effects. How priority populations, such as HIV "serodiscordant" couples, negotiate treatment-…
Crystallizing the HIV Epidemic: Methamphetamine, Unsafe Sex, and Gay Diseases of the Will
Legislating the pandemic: A global survey of HIV/Aids in criminal law
Men Sex Workers and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men: How Do Their HIV Risks Compare in New Zealand
Dissonant Discourses: HIV-Positive Refugees and the Media in New Zealand
Will the authorities ever pluck up the courage to invoke the powers that surely already exist in our health regulations and take these time bombs out of circulation? ( Nelson Evening Mail , June 29, 1994) I didn't have any test in Sudan. I never expected I would have any kind of illness; I am very healthy and strong. I was shocked. My life was very dark and I wasn't expecting to have HIV. How did I get it? What way did I get it? I was very happy …
We Live Just Like a Normal Family”: Exploring Local Renderings of the Global HIV Normalisation Discourse Among Serodiscordant Couples in Papua New Guinea
The contemporary global discourse of “HIV normalisation” is intimately linked to the scientific consensus that, with effective antiretroviral therapy, an “undetectable” viral load renders HIV “non-infectious” and “untransmittable” between sexual partners. Beyond this correlation, HIV normality is rarely defined, leaving the impression that it is an objective and universally applicable phenomenon. But what does normality mean in settings where the…
Sex Work and the Problem of Inequality: A Pacific Perspective
Under the Same Quilt: The Paradoxes of Sex Between Men in the Cultural Revolution
This article describes the paradoxes experienced by homosexual men during the Chinese Cultural Revolution. Interviews with 31 elderly Chinese gay men were carried out in four cities in China in 2011. Although homosexual men were terribly persecuted, chaotic situations and dislocations of youth from their families provided young homosexual men with a remarkable degree of personal freedom and the opportunity to explore same-sex relations. Analysis …
Aids is a tear in the social fabric of Papua New Guinea: HIV and its impact, 2005-2025
Using epidemiological data, this paper discusses the social impact of HIV in Papua New Guinea over the next two decades. It shows that the country will be facing an adult prevalence rate of nearly 11% by 2025, and that over 300,000 adults will die of AIDS related illness. HIV will impact particularly at the family and community levels, and women may bear a disproportionate burden of that impact. Immense pressure will be placed on families to cope…
Historic and Contemporary Influences on HIV Advocacy in Vietnam
HIV civil society advocacy in Vietnam is shaped by a unique fusion of historic and contemporary influences, resulting in nuanced ways in which advocacy is practised. In this study, we interviewed representatives from civil society, the Government of Vietnam, international NGOs, multilateral and research organisations and commercial consultancies to identify the influences on advocacy practice today. Aspects of Confucianism, Buddhism, Communism an…
Confucian Evaluation: Reframing Contribution Analysis Using a Confucian Lens
Culturally responsive evaluation contests that Western-derived evaluation methods represent a universal truth and promotes approaches that reflect the local context. Taking this approach, we examine how the method of contribution analysis may be modified to reflect a different worldview. We reframe contribution analysis using a Confucian lens as Confucianism represents a value system that is still integral to the way societies operate in several …
Is the Myth of the Bisexual Infector Still a Myth? Reflections on HIV Risk and Men Who Have Sex with Men and Women
Bisexual men are objects of fear and blame in an era of AIDS. They are not only considered secretive and promiscuous fence sitters, they are also condemned as risking women's lives because they have sex with men and women. The percentage of women being newly diagnosed with HIV in ‘developed’ countries is increasing. Focusing on possible present HIV risk, this article examines the empirical evidence of widespread HIV transmission or risk to women …
Mad and Bad: HIV infection, mental illness, intellectual disability, and the law
Men Sex Workers and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men: How Do Their HIV Risks Compare in New Zealand
Dissonant Discourses: HIV-Positive Refugees and the Media in New Zealand
Will the authorities ever pluck up the courage to invoke the powers that surely already exist in our health regulations and take these time bombs out of circulation? ( Nelson Evening Mail , June 29, 1994) I didn't have any test in Sudan. I never expected I would have any kind of illness; I am very healthy and strong. I was shocked. My life was very dark and I wasn't expecting to have HIV. How did I get it? What way did I get it? I was very happy …
Somewhere over the rainbow: Love, Trust and Monogamy in Gay Relationships
Anthony Giddens argues that late modernity is characterized by a democratization of intimate relationships and that gay men and lesbian women appear to be an expression of that movement. This paper is based on interviews with 20 New Zealand men - representing 11 gay couples - who discussed issues of monogamy, trust and sexual behaviour negotiations in their relationships. Overall, they had conventional notions of relationships, romantic love and …
The Myth of the Bisexual Infector: HIV Risk and Men Who Have Sex with Men and Women
Bisexual men are objects of fear and blame in an era of AIDS. They are not only considered secretive and promiscuous fence sitters, they are also condemned as risking women's lives because they have sex with both men and women. The percentage of women being newly diagnosed with HIV in ‘developed’ countries is increasing. Focusing on possible present HIV risk, this paper will examine the empirical evidence of widespread HIV transmission or risk to…
Decoding Responsibility: Welfare Recipients and the Enforcement of Parental Obligations
In 1998 a 'Code of Social and Family Responsibility' was proposed by the New Zealand Coalition Government of the time. This paper will examine responsibility from a Derridean perspective, arguing that, while couched in general terms the Code was aimed primarily at welfare beneficiaries' parental responsibilities, and used to justify the possibility of programmes of surveillance and control of the poor. While the Code was subsequently scrapped, I …
Mad and Bad: HIV infection, mental illness, intellectual disability, and the law
Legislating the pandemic: A global survey of HIV/Aids in criminal law
Introduction to special issue: Reckless vectors: The infecting “other” in HIV/Aids law
Crystallizing the HIV Epidemic: Methamphetamine, Unsafe Sex, and Gay Diseases of the Will
Aids is a tear in the social fabric of Papua New Guinea: HIV and its impact, 2005-2025
Using epidemiological data, this paper discusses the social impact of HIV in Papua New Guinea over the next two decades. It shows that the country will be facing an adult prevalence rate of nearly 11% by 2025, and that over 300,000 adults will die of AIDS related illness. HIV will impact particularly at the family and community levels, and women may bear a disproportionate burden of that impact. Immense pressure will be placed on families to cope…
Associations between Crystal Methamphetamine Use and Potentially Unsafe Sexual Activity among Gay Men in Australia
Discourses of disease: Representations of tuberculosis within New Zealand newspapers 2002-2004
Enhancing HIV prevention requires addressing the complex relationship between prevention and treatment
Globally each year, HIV continues to infect millions of people, and the number of people living with HIV and AIDS grows. While there has been an increase in funding for HIV and AIDS, there is a growing gap between the funds available and the funds needed for both prevention and treatment. Yet, one of the means of closing that gap – preventing new infections – has slipped down the agenda. In arguing for a significant intensification of the HIV pre…
Predictors of HIV Disclosure Among Untested, HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Australian Men Who had Anal Intercourse with Their Most Recent Casual Male Sex Partner
Gendered talk about sex, sexual relationships and HIV among young people in Papua New Guinea
This paper presents findings from a qualitative study carried out in three secondary schools in Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Seventy-three Year 12 students took part in eight gender-specific focus group discussions (three female and five male). Irrespective of gender, respondents predominately understood sex as being for the sole purpose of reproduction within marriage. When discussing sex and sexual relationships, young me…
Living serodiscordantly in Papua New Guinea: Sexual practices of HIV-positive people on ART by serostatus of regular heterosexual partner
This paper examines condom use in intimate relationships amongst Papua New Guineans on antiretroviral therapy (ART). These findings are from a mixed-method study in six provinces throughout Papua New Guinea (PNG). A total of 374 HIV-positive adult Papua New Guineans, over the age of 16 and on ART for more than two weeks were recruited using a non-probability, convenience sampling methodology. Participants were recruited through ART prescribing si…
HIV Testing, Gay Community Involvement and Internet USE: Social and Behavioural Correlates of HIV Testing Among Australian Men Who have Sex with Men
The impact of socio-cultural context on young people's condom use: Evidence from two Pacific Island countries
Young people are a key group for HIV prevention in the Pacific region where levels of STIs are high and condom use is low. During 2008, 62 in-depth interviews were conducted with people aged between 18 and 25 years in Tonga and Vanuatu. The research was aimed at understanding factors impacting on young peoples' condom use in two Pacific Island nations. The data show a marked disjuncture between attitudes and practice with regard to condoms. This …
Is the Myth of the Bisexual Infector Still a Myth? Reflections on HIV Risk and Men Who Have Sex with Men and Women
Bisexual men are objects of fear and blame in an era of AIDS. They are not only considered secretive and promiscuous fence sitters, they are also condemned as risking women's lives because they have sex with men and women. The percentage of women being newly diagnosed with HIV in ‘developed’ countries is increasing. Focusing on possible present HIV risk, this article examines the empirical evidence of widespread HIV transmission or risk to women …
Boyfriends and injecting: The role of intimate male partners in the life of women who inject drugs in Central Java
The international literature shows that HIV-risk behaviour for women mostly occurs in the context of intimate relationships. Power imbalances in the social, economic and cultural spheres put women at risk. This paper addresses the roles of male partners in women's engagement in drug-use behaviour and drug-related HIV-risk behaviour in Indonesia. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with 19 women who had injected drugs in the previous mo…
Solidarity beyond Sexuality: The Personal Communities of Gay Men
The relevance of community in the face of mounting individualism remains a pressing sociological issue. Social fragmentation challenges traditional communities of shared identifications and collective memberships while flexible relationship options lead sociologists to question the real benefits of friendships and the viability of personal commitments. These issues are sharply defined in current debates about 'gay community' and whether sexual pr…
Anal Sex, Vaginal Sex and HIV Risk Among Female Sex Workers in Papua New Guinea
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Problematics of empowerment: Sex worker HIV prevention in the Pacific
A recent overview of HIV/STI prevention programmes for sex workers in the Pacific region indicates that, despite a regional policy shift from universal to targeted interventions, Pacific Island countries currently lack core HIV/STI prevention services for sex workers. Across the region, condom distribution, peer outreach and support services for sex workers have ceased even in countries where such programmes had previously existed. This article c…
Nutrition among men and household food security in an internally displaced persons camp in Kenya
Objective To determine the nutritional status of men and the food security status of their households in an internally displaced persons (IDP) camp in Kenya. Design A descriptive, cross-sectional study using a questionnaire and biometric measurements was completed in June 2013. Setting IDP camp, Rongai, Kenya. Subjects A total of 267 men aged ≥18 years residing within the camp were recruited via respondent-driven sampling. Statistical association…
Medicine (34 works) · Sociology (34 works) · Psychology (31 works) · Sex work and related issues (23 works) · Political science (22 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (21 works) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (19 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (18 works) · Gender Studies (17 works) · Social Psychology (17 works)