Lorand B Szalay
Biographic Data
| ID | 169212 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Lorand B Szalay |
| GIVEN NAMES | Lorand B |
| FAMILY NAME | Szalay |
| SIGNATURE | SZALAY L B |
| AFFILIATIONS | American Institutes for Research |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 16 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 43 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 16 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1968 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
A graph theory model of the semantic structure of attitudes
Understanding Mexicans and Americans: Cultural Perspectives in Conflict
Implicit Culture and Psychocultural Distance
Political Ideology and Subjective Culture: Conceptualization and Empirical Assessment
Ideology and subjective culture are examined as two systems of behavioral organization well known for their hidden but frequently powerful influences on political choices and behavior. After a brief sketch of a representational theory of behavioral organization, a research strategy based on inferences drawn from the distribution of thousands of free word associations is described and illustrated with results from several international studies. Fi…
Intercultural communication— A process model
The Iranian Self Image: Empirical Findings Compared with Laingen's Observations
Over the months of puzzlement and amidst the conflicting views, U.S. Charge d'Affaires Bruce Laingen's early remarks on the Persian deserve special attention. In his cables from the American Embassy in Tehran, which became documents of historical importance, Laingen gave a characterization of the situation which has turned out to be tragically true and memorable. As Laingen's assessment of the political developments in Iran prior to the embassy s…
Comparative Analysis of Words and Pictures through Associations
The investigations focused on a picture-stimulated continued association approach, its information value and analytic potential. Student groups ( N = 50), each composed of both sexes, were from the University of Maryland. The study involved a comparative analysis of associations produced to words and pictures. The results show that the two approaches are closely comparable but produced responses which were differently focused. While the word-stim…
Psychological Correlates of Family Socialization in the United States and Korea
Psychological meaning: Comparative analyses and theoretical implications
Measurement of psychocultural distance: A comparison of American blacks and whites
Verbal Associations in the Analysis of Subjective Culture [and Comments and Reply]
We present a method for comparative culture analysis which undertakes empirical assesment of "implicit" or "subjective" culture through culture-specific meanings and cognitive organization. Verbal association tasks are used to identify high-priority domains in a given culture, to select words representative of these domains, and to asses the culture-specific cognitive organization as defined by the cultural meaning of the words or domains and the…
Ideology: Its Meaning and Measurement
Designing and Testing Cogent Communications
Experiments involving choice tasks were conducted to test the potential utility of word associations in constructing assertions and messages that are cogent in the sense that they actually bear on the interests and experiences of a particular audience. Similarity judgment tasks, which were based on verbal association dat previously obtained from similar groups, were administered to U. S. and Korean student samples. The results supported the hypot…
Scaling versus Content Analysis: Interpreting Word Association Data from Americans and Koreans
Korean and American cultures are compared with respect to the way in which semantic domains are organized. With similarity scores based on the results of a modified word association test, words from different semantic domains are analyzed by means of the Kruskal-Shepard multidimensional scaling technique and by content analysis. The results from the two techniques are then compared. Multidimensional scaling proves to be an effective technique for…
Attitude Research for Intercultural Communication and Interaction
The attitude data available on foreign groups are generally not enough for reconstructing their perception of a theme or problem. Attitude data show, for instance, whether a foreign group is for or against socialism, but they will not reveal whether the members of the group use the word socialism to refer to democracy or to communism, nor whether they identify it with Sweden or Red China, etc. The Associative Group Analysis technique (AGA)-which …
Relative Influence of Linguistic versus Cultural Factors on Free Verbal Associations
The extent to which differences in word associations between cultural groups are due to linguistic factors or to word meanings and values determined by culture was examined in the continued free word associations of Koreans in Korean and in English and a U. S. group in English. The influence of cultural background was at least as much as that of language on each of three characteristics examined. Further, much of the difference due to language se…
Ideology: Its Meaning and Measurement
Verbal Associations in the Analysis of Subjective Culture [and Comments and Reply]
We present a method for comparative culture analysis which undertakes empirical assesment of "implicit" or "subjective" culture through culture-specific meanings and cognitive organization. Verbal association tasks are used to identify high-priority domains in a given culture, to select words representative of these domains, and to asses the culture-specific cognitive organization as defined by the cultural meaning of the words or domains and the…
Implicit Culture and Psychocultural Distance
Psychological meaning: Comparative analyses and theoretical implications
Measurement of psychocultural distance: A comparison of American blacks and whites
Intercultural communication— A process model
The Iranian Self Image: Empirical Findings Compared with Laingen's Observations
Over the months of puzzlement and amidst the conflicting views, U.S. Charge d'Affaires Bruce Laingen's early remarks on the Persian deserve special attention. In his cables from the American Embassy in Tehran, which became documents of historical importance, Laingen gave a characterization of the situation which has turned out to be tragically true and memorable. As Laingen's assessment of the political developments in Iran prior to the embassy s…
Political Ideology and Subjective Culture: Conceptualization and Empirical Assessment
Ideology and subjective culture are examined as two systems of behavioral organization well known for their hidden but frequently powerful influences on political choices and behavior. After a brief sketch of a representational theory of behavioral organization, a research strategy based on inferences drawn from the distribution of thousands of free word associations is described and illustrated with results from several international studies. Fi…
Designing and Testing Cogent Communications
Experiments involving choice tasks were conducted to test the potential utility of word associations in constructing assertions and messages that are cogent in the sense that they actually bear on the interests and experiences of a particular audience. Similarity judgment tasks, which were based on verbal association dat previously obtained from similar groups, were administered to U. S. and Korean student samples. The results supported the hypot…
Scaling versus Content Analysis: Interpreting Word Association Data from Americans and Koreans
Korean and American cultures are compared with respect to the way in which semantic domains are organized. With similarity scores based on the results of a modified word association test, words from different semantic domains are analyzed by means of the Kruskal-Shepard multidimensional scaling technique and by content analysis. The results from the two techniques are then compared. Multidimensional scaling proves to be an effective technique for…
Relative Influence of Linguistic versus Cultural Factors on Free Verbal Associations
The extent to which differences in word associations between cultural groups are due to linguistic factors or to word meanings and values determined by culture was examined in the continued free word associations of Koreans in Korean and in English and a U. S. group in English. The influence of cultural background was at least as much as that of language on each of three characteristics examined. Further, much of the difference due to language se…
Attitude Research for Intercultural Communication and Interaction
The attitude data available on foreign groups are generally not enough for reconstructing their perception of a theme or problem. Attitude data show, for instance, whether a foreign group is for or against socialism, but they will not reveal whether the members of the group use the word socialism to refer to democracy or to communism, nor whether they identify it with Sweden or Red China, etc. The Associative Group Analysis technique (AGA)-which …
Ideology: Its Meaning and Measurement
Designing and Testing Cogent Communications
Experiments involving choice tasks were conducted to test the potential utility of word associations in constructing assertions and messages that are cogent in the sense that they actually bear on the interests and experiences of a particular audience. Similarity judgment tasks, which were based on verbal association dat previously obtained from similar groups, were administered to U. S. and Korean student samples. The results supported the hypot…
Scaling versus Content Analysis: Interpreting Word Association Data from Americans and Koreans
Korean and American cultures are compared with respect to the way in which semantic domains are organized. With similarity scores based on the results of a modified word association test, words from different semantic domains are analyzed by means of the Kruskal-Shepard multidimensional scaling technique and by content analysis. The results from the two techniques are then compared. Multidimensional scaling proves to be an effective technique for…
Measurement of psychocultural distance: A comparison of American blacks and whites
Verbal Associations in the Analysis of Subjective Culture [and Comments and Reply]
We present a method for comparative culture analysis which undertakes empirical assesment of "implicit" or "subjective" culture through culture-specific meanings and cognitive organization. Verbal association tasks are used to identify high-priority domains in a given culture, to select words representative of these domains, and to asses the culture-specific cognitive organization as defined by the cultural meaning of the words or domains and the…
Psychological meaning: Comparative analyses and theoretical implications
Psychological Correlates of Family Socialization in the United States and Korea
Comparative Analysis of Words and Pictures through Associations
The investigations focused on a picture-stimulated continued association approach, its information value and analytic potential. Student groups ( N = 50), each composed of both sexes, were from the University of Maryland. The study involved a comparative analysis of associations produced to words and pictures. The results show that the two approaches are closely comparable but produced responses which were differently focused. While the word-stim…
Intercultural communication— A process model
The Iranian Self Image: Empirical Findings Compared with Laingen's Observations
Over the months of puzzlement and amidst the conflicting views, U.S. Charge d'Affaires Bruce Laingen's early remarks on the Persian deserve special attention. In his cables from the American Embassy in Tehran, which became documents of historical importance, Laingen gave a characterization of the situation which has turned out to be tragically true and memorable. As Laingen's assessment of the political developments in Iran prior to the embassy s…
Political Ideology and Subjective Culture: Conceptualization and Empirical Assessment
Ideology and subjective culture are examined as two systems of behavioral organization well known for their hidden but frequently powerful influences on political choices and behavior. After a brief sketch of a representational theory of behavioral organization, a research strategy based on inferences drawn from the distribution of thousands of free word associations is described and illustrated with results from several international studies. Fi…
Implicit Culture and Psychocultural Distance
Understanding Mexicans and Americans: Cultural Perspectives in Conflict
A graph theory model of the semantic structure of attitudes
Psychology (13 works) · Computer Science (8 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · Sociology (7 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Artificial Intelligence (5 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (5 works) · Linguistics (5 works) · Mathematics (5 works) · Artificial Intelligence (4 works)