J David Hawkins
Biographic Data
| ID | 169242 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J David Hawkins |
| GIVEN NAMES | J David |
| FAMILY NAME | Hawkins |
| SIGNATURE | HAWKINS J D |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Washington |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 96 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1306 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 96 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 13 |
Young Adults’ Cannabis Environments and their Cannabis Use and Misuse
The New Inscription from Türkmenkarahöyük and its Historical Context
The publication of a hieroglyphic inscription found at Türkmenkarahöyük in the Konya region and the associated survey-work in the area have raised numerous questions about the location of the city of Tarhuntassa, the aftermath of the Hittite Empire and the dating of the Hieroglyphic inscriptions which mention a king called Hartapu. In this paper we review the evidence for the location of Tarhuntassa that we deem relevant for deciding whether it c…
Evidence‐based juvenile justice programs and practices: A critical review
There is growing critical commentary and debate about the relative effectiveness of individual program and generic practice approaches to identifying evidence‐based interventions and their impact on the operation of the juvenile justice system. The central issue is whether both of these approaches to identifying evidence‐based interventions provide a valid and reliable guide to improving juvenile justice programming and, if so, what are the relat…
Long-Term Effects of the Communities That Care Trial on Substance Use, Antisocial Behavior, and Violence Through Age 21 Years
Objectives. To evaluate whether the effects of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system, implemented in early adolescence to promote positive youth development and reduce health-risking behavior, endured through age 21 years. Methods. We analyzed 9 waves of prospective data collected between 2004 and 2014 from a panel of 4407 participants (grade 5 through age 21 years) in the community-randomized trial of the CTC system in Colorado, Illi…
Neighborhood, Family, and Peer Factors Associated with Early Adolescent Smoking and Alcohol Use
An Examination of Alcohol Use Disorder Symptoms and Neighborhood Disorganization from Age 21 to 39
Highlights Neighborhood disorganization predicted increased severity of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) symptoms. Neighborhood disorganization predicted increased likelihood of experiencing psychological distress. Psychological distress partially mediated the association of neighborhood disorganization and AUD. Associations persisted net of important risk and protective factors for AUD
Assessment of Risk and Protection in Native American Youth: Steps Toward Conducting Culturally Relevant, Sustainable Prevention in Indian Country
This study constitutes a building block in the cultural adaptation of Communities That Care (CTC), a community‐based prevention system that has been found to be effective in reducing youth problem behaviors. Using the data from the CTC normative survey dataset that comprises more than a quarter million youth nationwide, this study examines the reliability and validity of scores derived from the CTC Youth Survey (CTC‐YS), one of the primary assess…
The Relationship Between Interpersonal Violence Victimization and Smoking Behavior Across Time and by Gender
This study examined relationships between interpersonal violence victimization and smoking from childhood to adulthood. Data were from a community-based longitudinal study (N = 808) spanning ages 10 to 33. Cross-lag path analysis was used to model concurrent, directional, and reciprocal effects. Results indicate that childhood physical abuse predicted smoking and partner violence in young adulthood; partner violence and smoking were reciprocally …
The dimensions of successful young adult development: A conceptual and measurement framework
In this article, we draw on the theoretical and empirical literature to name what appear to be core dimensions of successful young adult development. We also describe some possible indicators and measures of those dimensions and sketch the kinds of developmental relationships and opportunities young people need in adolescence to effectively transition to a successful young adulthood, as well as the developmental relationships and opportunities yo…
The Communities That Care Brief Depression Scale: Psychometric Properties and Criterion Validity
For community‐level approaches to preventing depression, measures of depression that are brief as well as valid are needed, particularly given competing demands in surveys for assessment of other outcomes including substance use, delinquency, and their associated risk factors. This study examined the validity of a 4‐item adolescent depression measure, the Communities That Care Brief Depression Scale (CTC‐BDS). Data were obtained from a survey of …
Sustaining Adoption of Science-Based Prevention Through Communities That Care: Sustaining Adoption of Science-Based Prevention
Communities That Care (CTC) has been shown to increase the use of science-based prevention, resulting in community-wide improvements in youth development. Using data from a community-randomized trial of CTC in 24 communities, this study examined the extent to which community leaders endorsed the use of science-based prevention in CTC communities compared to control communities 3 years after study support for implementation ended, and whether part…
Examining protective factors against violence among high-risk youth: Findings from the Seattle Social Development Project
Assessing Sustained Effects of Communities That Care on Youth Protective Factors
Greater emphasis on strengthening protective factors during high school might be needed to sustain broad effects of CTC on protective factors observed during middle school
Relating Coalition Capacity to the Adoption of Science‐Based Prevention in Communities: Evidence from a Randomized Trial of Communities That Care
Coalition‐based efforts that use a science‐based approach to prevention can improve the wellbeing of community youth. This study measured several coalition capacities that are hypothesized to facilitate the adoption of a science‐based approach to prevention in communities. Using data from 12 coalitions participating in a community‐randomized trial of the prevention strategy Communities That Care (CTC), this paper describes select measurement prop…
Effects of Communities That Care on Males’ and Females’ Drug Use and Delinquency 9 Years After Baseline in a Community‐Randomized Trial
UNLABELLED: This study tested sustained effects of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system on health-risking behaviors 9 years after baseline in a community-randomized trial involving 24 towns in seven states. Earlier analyses found sustained effects on abstinence from drug use and delinquency through Grade 12 in a panel of fifth graders. At age 19, 91 % (n = 3986) of the living panel completed the survey. Data were analyzed using gener…
Trajectories of marijuana use from adolescence into adulthood: Environmental and individual correlates
This study sought to identify trajectories of marijuana use in the Seattle Social Development Project (n = 808) sample from age 14 through 30, and to examine the extent to which individuals in these trajectories differed in their substance use problems, mental health, problem behavior, economic outcomes, and positive functioning at age 33. In addition, analyses examined between-trajectory differences in family, peer, school, neighborhood, individ…
The Developmental Dynamics of Joining a Gang in Adolescence: Patterns and Predictors of Gang Membership
Researchers have examined the predictors of adolescent gang membership, finding significant factors in the neighborhood, family, school, peers, and individual domains. However, little is known about whether risk and protective factors differ in predictive salience at different developmental periods. The present study examines predictors of joining a gang, tests whether these factors have different effects at different ages, and whether they diffe…
Context‐Dependent Pathways of the Transmission of Risk from Communities to Individuals
Research has consistently documented the role of environmental risk factors in the onset of delinquent behavior among youth. Less is known about the processes through which these contextual risks are translated to individual youth behavior. The aim of the current study is to examine the role of family risk factors in the transmission of community risk. Data was obtained from a nationally representative sample of over 30,000 middle school youth an…
The Relation Between Risk and Protective Factors for Problem Behaviors and Depressive Symptoms, Antisocial Behavior, and Alcohol Use in Adolescence
Both externalizing and internalizing psychopathology increase throughout adolescence and a similar set of risk and protective factors may underlie depressive symptoms, antisocial behavior, and alcohol use. Analyses test how risk and protective factors for externalizing behavior in community, school, family, peer, and individual domains are related to depressive symptoms, antisocial behavior, and alcohol use concurrently and longitudinally in a sa…
Long-Term Consequences of Adolescent Gang Membership for Adult Functioning
Objectives. We examined the possible public health consequences of adolescent gang membership for adult functioning. Methods. Data were drawn from the Seattle Social Development Project, a longitudinal study focusing on the development of positive and problem outcomes. Using propensity score matching and logistic regression analyses, we assessed the effects of adolescent gang membership on illegal behavior, educational and occupational attainment…
Sexual Risk Behavior in Young Adulthood: Broadening the Scope Beyond Early Sexual Initiation
A robust link between early sexual initiation and sexual risk-taking behavior is reported in previous studies. The relationship may not be causal, however, as the effect of common risk factors is often not considered. The current study examined whether early initiation was a key predictor of risky sexual behavior in the 20s and 30s, over and above co-occurring individual and environmental factors. Data were drawn from the Seattle Social Developme…
A New Look at the Luwian Language
Variation in the Effect of Communities That Care on Community Adoption of a Scientific Approach to Prevention
Tested and effective approaches are available to prevent mental, emotional, and behavioral problems in youth, but such approaches are underused. Communities That Care (CTC) is a coalition-based strategy that aims to increase the use of tested and effective programs by combining the use of scientific evidence and stakeholder consensus to support the community adoption of a scientific approach to preventing mental, emotional, and behavioral problem…
Grand Challenges for Social Work
This invited article introduces the concept of grand challenges—ambitious yet achievable goals for society that mobilize the profession, capture the public’s imagination, and require innovation and breakthroughs in science and practice to achieve (Kalil, 2012). We call for broad and deep participation of social work scientists and practitioners in the Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative, which will be coordinated by the American Academy o…
Measuring Dimensions of Coalition Functioning for Effective and Participatory Community Practice
Social Work has a long history of community practice, but community practice models have been understudied. An important first step in conducting such studies is the establishment of psychometrically sound measures relevant for evaluations of community practice. In this paper, data are used from a community-randomized trial of Communities That Care (CTC), a coalition-based model of community practice shown to be effective at transforming communit…
Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention
The authors suggest that the most promising route to effective strategies for the prevention of adolescent alcohol and other drug problems is through a risk-focused approach. This approach requires the identification of risk factors for drug abuse, identification of methods by which risk factors have been effectively addressed, and application of these methods to appropriate high-risk and general population samples in controlled studies. The auth…
Positive Youth Development in the United States: Research Findings on Evaluations of Positive Youth Development Programs
This article summarizes a much lengthier one that appeared in Prevention and Treatment. The earlier article grew out of a project initiated by the Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. The Positive Youth Development Evaluation project described why policy makers, practitioners, and prevention scientists advocated a shift in approach for how youth issues are addressed in this country…
The science of prevention: A conceptual framework and some directions for a national research program
The Contribution of Gang Membership to Delinquency Beyond Delinquent Friends
Both being involved in a gang and having friends who are delinquent have been shown to contribute to an individual's own delinquency. However, the unique contribution of gang membership to delinquency, above and beyond having delinquent peers, has not been well studied. Increased delinquency among gang members may not be due to gang membership per se, but to the members' association with delinquent peers. Using data from the Seattle Social Develo…
Risk and protection: Are both necessary to understand diverse behavioral outcomes in adolescence
Prevention science has suggested that preventive interventions should reduce risk factors and enhance protective factors. Recently, some researchers have proposed that preventive interventions focused on enhancing protective factors and promoting resilience will produce more positive outcomes than interventions that focus attention on risk factors. Others have argued that focus solely on the resilience of young people emphasizes individual charac…
Parenting practices and problem behavior across three generations: Monitoring, harsh discipline, and drug use in the intergenerational transmission of externalizing behavior
Using data from grandparents (G1), parents (G2), and children (G3), this study examined continuity in parental monitoring, harsh discipline, and child externalizing behavior across generations, and the contribution of parenting practices and parental drug use to intergenerational continuity in child externalizing behavior. Structural equation and path modeling of prospective, longitudinal data from 808 G2 participants, their G1 parents, and their…
Comparing Delinquency Careers in Court Records and Self‐reports
Most knowledge about delinquency careers is derived from official records. The main aim of this paper is to compare conclusions about delinquency careers derived from court referrals with conclusions derived from self‐reports. Data are analyzed from the Seattle Social Development Project, which is a prospective longitudinal survey of 808 youths. Annual court and self‐report data were available from age 11 to age 17 for eight offenses. The prevale…
Men's and Women's Pathways to Adulthood and Their Adolescent Precursors
This study compared men's and women's pathways to adulthood by examining how role transitions in education, work, marriage, and parenthood intersect and form developmental pathways from ages 18-30. The study investigated how sociodemographic factors and adolescent experiences were associated with these pathways. We used latent class analysis to analyze longitudinal data from a gender-balanced panel of 808 contemporary young adults. We found three…
Adolescent Pathways to Co‐Occurring Problem Behavior: The Effects of Peer Delinquency and Peer Substance Use
Delinquency and substance use are more likely to co‐occur in adolescence compared to earlier and later developmental periods. The present study examined developmental pathways to co‐occurring problem behavior from 6th to 10th grade ( N = 2,002), testing how peer delinquency and substance use were linked to transitioning between abstaining, delinquency, substance use, and co‐occurring problem behavior. Developmentally, most youth transition from a…
Science, Social Work, Prevention: Finding the Intersections
Journal Article Science, Social Work, Prevention: Finding the Intersections Get access J. David Hawkins, PhD J. David Hawkins, PhD professor Social Development Research Group, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Avenue, NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA 98115; e-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Work Research, Volume 30, Issue 3, September 2006, Pages 137–152, https://doi.org/10.109…
Long-Term Consequences of Adolescent Gang Membership for Adult Functioning
Objectives. We examined the possible public health consequences of adolescent gang membership for adult functioning. Methods. Data were drawn from the Seattle Social Development Project, a longitudinal study focusing on the development of positive and problem outcomes. Using propensity score matching and logistic regression analyses, we assessed the effects of adolescent gang membership on illegal behavior, educational and occupational attainment…
Bridging Science to Practice: Achieving Prevention Program Implementation Fidelity in the Community Youth Development Study
This paper describes the development, application, and results of an implementation monitoring component of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention framework used in the Community Youth Development Study (CYDS) to ensure high‐fidelity prevention program implementation. This system was created based on research that community‐based implementation of evidence‐based prevention programs often includes adaptations in program design, content, or man…
Sexual Risk Behavior in Young Adulthood: Broadening the Scope Beyond Early Sexual Initiation
A robust link between early sexual initiation and sexual risk-taking behavior is reported in previous studies. The relationship may not be causal, however, as the effect of common risk factors is often not considered. The current study examined whether early initiation was a key predictor of risky sexual behavior in the 20s and 30s, over and above co-occurring individual and environmental factors. Data were drawn from the Seattle Social Developme…
Assessing community effects on adolescent substance use and delinquency
This study investigates community‐level prediction of adolescent substance use and problem behaviors using ratings by community leaders to assess the effects of four risk factors on levels of drug use and problem behaviors. Three questions are examined: (a) Can psychometrically sound measures of community leader perceptions of risk factors in their community be developed?; (b) What is the relationship between community leader ratings of the commu…
Influence of a Family‐Focused Substance Use Preventive Intervention on Growth in Adolescent Depressive Symptoms
Preparing for the Drug Free Years (PDFY) is a preventive intervention that targets parenting behaviors, family interaction patterns, and adolescent substance use, factors that have been shown to predict depression among teenagers. Effects of PDFY on trajectories of self‐reported adolescent depressive symptoms from 6th through 12th grade were examined. Latent growth curve modeling was used to analyze data from 429 rural adolescents from schools as…
Modeling Mediation in the Etiology of Violent Behavior in Adolescence: A Test of the Social Development Model
The social development model seeks to explain human behavior through specification of predictive and mediating developmental relationships. It incorporates the effects of empirical predictors (“risk factors” and “protective factors”) for antisocial behavior and seeks to synthesize the most strongly supported propositions of control theory, social learning theory, and differential association theory. This article examines the fit of the social dev…
Disseminating Effective Community Prevention Practices: Opportunities for Social Work Education
In the United States about 17% of adolescents meet diagnostic criteria for mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. Six million young people receive treatment services annually for mental, emotional, or behavioral problems. These problems affect 1 in 5 families and cost $247 million annually (O'Connell, Boat, & Warner, 2009). Some strategies for preventing mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders in young people have been developed, tested…
Multilevel Analysis of a Measure of Community Prevention Collaboration
This study assesses a measure of community‐wide collaboration on prevention‐specific activities (i.e., prevention collaboration ) in context of the theory of community change used in the Communities That Care prevention system. Using data from a sample of 599 community leaders across 41 communities, we examined the measure with regard to its factor structure, associations with other concurrent community‐level measures, and prediction by individua…
Using community and family risk and protective factors for community‐based prevention planning
Research has identified risk and protective factors related to adolescent substance use using individual‐level data, but it is uncertain whether or not these relationships exist when data are aggregated to a community level. Using data from adolescents in 41 communities, this article found that most community and family risk and protective factors, measured at the community level, predicted student prevalences of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana u…
Early Adolescent Predictors of Youth Violence as Mediators of Childhood Risks
Analyses were conducted to assess whether risk factors for youth violence measured at 10 years of age influenced later violence directly or indirectly through predictors measured in early adolescence (14 years of age). Analyses revealed that many childhood risks—which included teacher-rated hyperactivity/low attention, teacher-rated antisocial behavior, parental attitudes favorable to violence, involvement with antisocial peers, low family income…
Neighborhood, Family, and Peer Factors Associated with Early Adolescent Smoking and Alcohol Use
Measuring Dimensions of Coalition Functioning for Effective and Participatory Community Practice
Social Work has a long history of community practice, but community practice models have been understudied. An important first step in conducting such studies is the establishment of psychometrically sound measures relevant for evaluations of community practice. In this paper, data are used from a community-randomized trial of Communities That Care (CTC), a coalition-based model of community practice shown to be effective at transforming communit…
Installing the communities that care prevention system: Implementation progress and fidelity in a randomized controlled trial
This article describes the degree to which high fidelity implementation of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention operating system was reached during the first 18 months of intervention in 12 communities in the Community Youth Development Study, a 5‐year group randomized controlled trial designed to test the efficacy of the CTC system. CTC installation in these communities included the delivery of six CTC trainings from certified CTC trainers…
Correspondence between youth report and census measures of neighborhood context
Many studies that have examined neighborhood factors as predictors of crime have used census data. Exclusive use of these data limits the range of neighborhood factors that can be assessed and the frequency with which assessments can be made. Surveys of neighborhood residents provide an alternative data source. However, survey data have been viewed as reflecting the individual perceptions of respondents rather than characteristics of neighborhood…
Identifying and Predicting Offending Trajectories among Poor Children
Using data from the Seattle Social Development Project, we identify childhood predictors of offending trajectories among poor children. Five trajectories are identified: nonoffenders, late onsetters, desisters, escalators, and chronic offenders. Among initial nonoffenders, late onsetters are distinguished from nonoffenders by early alcohol drinking. Among youths already delinquent at age 13, escalators are distinguished from desisters by poor fam…
Interpreiing Official Records as Indicators of Recidivism in Evaluating Delinquency Prevention Programs
Evaluations of crime reduction and prevention programs often use information from official law enforcement or judicial records as ostensibly “objective” indicators of criminal or delinquent activity. However. we of data from official police and court records in assessing the effectiveness of a delinquency prevention program in King County. Washington, yielded divergent conclusions regarding program “success,” depending upon choices in interpretat…
Student team learning: Preventing the flocking and feathering of delinquents
Parents and prevention: Seattle's year of the parent
Social Network Analysis and Drug Misuse
This paper reviews social network analysis as an approach to describing the interactions of street drug abusers and as a research method characterized by continuing controversy. An analysis of drug abusers' networks over time indicates that underlying dimensions of social interaction are stable in the face of intervening residential treatment. Implications for the rehabilitation of street drug abusers are discussed in light of the network analysi…
The social development model: An integrated approach to delinquency prevention
Social support in aftercare services for troubled youth
An evaluation of a group intervention to increase the personal social networks of abusive mothers
Delinquency and Drug Abuse: Implications for Social Services
Recent studies have revealed common risk factors for adolescent drug abuse and delinquency. This evidence suggests that efforts to prevent adolescent substance abuse and chronic serious delinquency should target the same factors. The same interventions may decrease the risk of both of these forms of adolescent antisocial behavior. Further, given the high rates of drug use among delinquents, drug-abuse intervention and treatment programs are clear…
Changing Teaching Practices in Mainstream Classrooms to Improve Bonding and Behavior of Low Achievers
This paper reports the effects of a package of instructional methods on the academic achievement, behavior, and social bonding of seventh grade students who were low achievers in math. Proactive classroom management, interactive teaching, and cooperative learning methods were included. Low achievers in experimental classrooms showed more favorable attitudes toward math, more bonding to school, greater expectations for continuing schooling, and le…
Aftercare Services for Drug-using Institutionalized Delinquents
Transition and aftercare services for drug involved delinquent youth are sorely needed. Rates of recidivism among delinquents and relapse among adolescent substance abusers are high. Further, since frequent drug use is more prevalent among juvenile offenders compared to nondelinquent populations, it is likely that relapse rates are even higher among delinquent populations. This article reviews existing literature on predictors of relapse to drug …
Effects of a Skills Training Intervention With Juvenile Delinquents
A test was conducted of a cognitive-behavioral skills training program with 141 incarcerated juvenile delinquents. Subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental skills training or normal institutional treatment control group after blocking on county of origin, race, and sex to ensure group equivalence. A behavioral role-play inventory, the Adolescent Problem Situation Inventory, was used to assess subjects' skill levels before and immediatel…
Mobilizing communities to reduce risks for drug abuse: Lessons on using research to guide prevention practice
Friendship and Deviance: New Evidence on an Old Controversy
This study examined the relationship between peer attachment and peer deviance. Study participants were fifth-grade students from an urban school district. Approximately half of the sample was male, and subjects represented a variety of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Subjects were asked questions about each of four best friends including how much they shared thoughts and feelings with the friends (intimacy), and whether they wanted to be…
Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention
The authors suggest that the most promising route to effective strategies for the prevention of adolescent alcohol and other drug problems is through a risk-focused approach. This approach requires the identification of risk factors for drug abuse, identification of methods by which risk factors have been effectively addressed, and application of these methods to appropriate high-risk and general population samples in controlled studies. The auth…
The science of prevention: A conceptual framework and some directions for a national research program
Disentangling the Effects of Parental Drinking, Family Management, and Parental Alcohol Norms on Current Drinking by Black and White Adolescents
We examine three family influences identified 8.s risk factors for adolescent alcohol abuse, parental alcohol consumption, poor family management practices, and parental norms permissive of alcohol use by adolescents. To sort out the unique effects of these influences on alcohol use by Black and White adolescents, we present data from a longitudinal study and compare current alcohol users with noninitiators at ages 14 to 15. Data collected when t…
El modelo del desarrollo social: Un enfoque integrado a la prevención de la delincuencia
El artículo se inicia con una aproximación histórica a las maneras en que se ha abordado el tema de la delincuencia juvenil: prevención y control, para presentar posteriormente el modelo de desarrollo social, en tanto que un modelo en el que se integran y confluyen aquellos elementos más válidos y positivos de la teoría del control social y de la teoría del aprendizaje social
Preventing Substance Abuse
Although the prevalence of drug use among high school students and household members has been declining in recent years, high rates of substance use among arrestees, homeless individuals, and school dropouts, and an increasing trend in the number of drug-related hospital emergency room incidents, suggest that substance abuse among some populations has not declined. Prospective longitudinal studies have identified a number of risk factors that con…
Preventing school failure, drug use, and delinquency among low-income children: Long-term intervention in elementary schools
A six-year, school-based prevention program, which modified classroom teacher practices, offered parent training, and provided child social skills training, was evaluated for its effects on school failure, drug abuse, and delinquency among low-income urban children. Compared to a low-income control group, children in the intervention group showed enhanced school commitment and class participation. The girls in the group also evidenced lower rates…
Modeling the Etiology of Adolescent Substance Use: A Test of the Social Development Model
The social development model is a general theory of human behavior that seeks to explain antisocial behaviors through specification of predictive developmental relationships. It incorporates the effects of empirical predictors (“risk factors” and “protective factors”) for antisocial behavior and attempts to synthesize the most strongly supported propositions of control theory, social learning theory, and differential association theory. This arti…
Empowering communities to prevent adolescent substance abuse: Process evaluation results from a risk- and protection-focused community mobilization effort
Structural equivalence of involvement in problem behavior by adolescents across racial groups using multiple group confirmatory factor analysis
Problem behavior theory predicts that adolescent problem behaviors, including illicit drug use, delinquency, juvenile justice involvement, poor school performance, problem drinking, and sexual involvement, are manifestations of a single behavioral syndrome. Some studies have found the theory valid across genders, and this study tested its validity across racial groups. Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis using self-reports of substance us…
Exploring the effects of age of alcohol use initiation and psychosocial risk factors on subsequent alcohol misuse.
OBJECTIVE: This study examines whether the age of initiation of alcohol use mediates the effects of other variables that predict alcohol misuse among adolescents and also whether the age of initiation of alcohol use accounts for known gender differences in the severity of alcohol misuse. METHOD: Data were taken from an ethnically diverse sample of 808 (412 male) students who were recruited in grade 5 at age 10-11 and followed prospectively on an …
Effects of a preventive parent-training intervention on observed family interactions: Proximal outcomes from preparing for the drug free years
Children are especially vulnerable to the initiation of substance use and other problem behaviors as they move from childhood into early adolescence. This is true for children living in urban and rural areas alike. A number of family-related factors have been identified that contribute to the risk for or protection against such problems. This article reports the results of an experimental test of the effects of Preparing for the Drug Free Years (…
Prevention of Youth Violence
Research on the epidemiology of violence has identified two groups of offenders: life-course-persistent offenders and adolescent-limited offenders. Violence prevention programs should seek either to prevent the emergence of violent behavior in childhood or to prevent the spread of violence in adolescence. Research has identified predictors of both patterns of behavior. Prevention programs should explicitly seek to address these risk and protectiv…
Psychology (86 works) · Medicine (61 works) · Developmental psychology (48 works) · Psychiatry (46 works) · Community Health and Development (36 works) · Juvenile delinquency (32 works) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (28 works) · Political science (28 works) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (28 works) · Clinical Psychology (27 works)