Carolyn E Schwartz
Biographic Data
| ID | 172492 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Carolyn E Schwartz |
| GIVEN NAMES | Carolyn E |
| FAMILY NAME | Schwartz |
| SIGNATURE | SCHWARTZ C E |
| AFFILIATIONS | DeltaQuest Foundation (United States) |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9173-7774 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 66 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 167 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 66 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1994 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Cognitive appraisal processes and health
Background/objectives: After two decades of cognitive-appraisal research in spine surgery and other medically ill patients, the present work reviewed the published literature on cognitive-appraisal processes and health outcomes to determine key findings and considerations, and how they point to appraisal-assessment based interventions to improve clinical outcomes. Methods: The present work reviewed the published literature on cognitive-appraisal …
Toward characterizing brain fog in long Covid
Long-Covid symptom burden and the experience of adversity
Emerging priorities and concerns in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic
Purpose: The present study examines how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience affected values and priorities. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data between January and April 2023, from 1,197 individuals who are chronically ill or part of a general population sample. Using open-ended prompts and closed-ended questions, we investigated individuals' perceptions about COVID-19-induced changes in what quality of life means to…
Development and validation of the HDSIMTM assessment system
Individual differences in the long-term impact of the pandemic
Disabled from work and depressed
When better is the enemy of good
The faces of Long-Covid
Response-shift effects in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Our results reveal notable treatment group differences in MCS but not PCS response shifts, which can explain null results detected in previous work. The method introduced herein provides a way to provide further information about response-shift effects in clinical trial data
Understanding haemophilia caregiver burden
Objective: The present work investigated haemophilia caregiver and patient characteristics associated with change in negative and positive aspects of caregiving. Design: Web-based survey data were collected from haemophilia A or B caregivers at baseline and two years later. Main Outcome Measures: Outcomes included Burden Summary and Positive Emotions change scores from the Haemophilia Caregiver Impact measure. Results: The sample included 323 car…
Response-shift effects in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Trial patients experienced response shifts related to treatment- and relapse-related experiences. Published trial results likely under-estimated Eculizumab vs. Placebo differences due to recalibration and reconceptualization, and relapse effects due to recalibration, reprioritization, and reconceptualization. This novel random-effects- model application builds on response-shift theory and provides a small-sample method for better estimating treat…
Longitudinal validity of the hemophilia caregiver impact measure
The HCI demonstrated longitudinal construct validity. The HCI shows promise for clinical hemophilia studies as a caregiver-based tool for evaluating treatments
Adherence in Youth With Multiple Sclerosis
Rates of medication nonadherence in youth with multiple sclerosis (MS) range from 10% to 60%. Qualitative studies of adherence can provide insight into children's own perspectives about barriers and facilitators to their adherence and inform future interventions. This qualitative longitudinal descriptive study included children with MS ( n = 28) participating in a randomized controlled trial focused on medication adherence ( clinicaltrials.gov : …
The impact of extended half-life versus conventional factor product on hemophilia caregiver burden
The reduced required frequency of factor product infusions of extended half-life factor products appears to reduce the emotional distress and practical burden of caregiving. Future work should evaluate the longitudinal impact
Measuring hemophilia caregiver burden
The Hemophilia Caregiver Impact measure is a useful new tool for clinical research on hemophilia. In addition to having eight relevant subscales, the measure can also be summarized with two scores. This versatility can be useful in analyzing studies with very small samples, which is to be expected when dealing with a rare condition like hemophilia
Toward mindfulness in quality-of-life research
It is hoped that this overview will lead to a reconsideration of a more flexible application of research principles while retaining scientific rigor
Development of a practical outcome measure to account for individual differences in quality-of-life appraisal
Impact of an electronic monitoring device and behavioral feedback on adherence to multiple sclerosis therapies in youth
Assessing reserve-building pursuits and person characteristics
Resilience to health challenges is related to different ways of thinking
Distinguishing appraisal and personality influences on quality of life in chronic illness
Reducing Disparities in Cancer Screening and Prevention through Community‐Based Participatory Research Partnerships with Local Libraries
Highlights Community‐based participatory research project. Worked with the public library system to undertake programs to address cancer screening and risk behavior. Implemented in 20 large urban neighborhoods over 48 months. Event‐history regressions (n = 9374) showed adherence outcomes were linked with program implementation. Intervention impacted health behavior in diverse underserved and vulnerable neighborhoods
An item-level response shift study on the change of health state with the rating of asthma-specific quality of life
When global rating of change contradicts observed change
Integrating response shift into health-related quality of life research
Helping others helps oneself
Methodological approaches for assessing response shift in longitudinal health-related quality-of-life research
Controlling ourselves, controlling our world
Adherence in Youth With Multiple Sclerosis
Rates of medication nonadherence in youth with multiple sclerosis (MS) range from 10% to 60%. Qualitative studies of adherence can provide insight into children's own perspectives about barriers and facilitators to their adherence and inform future interventions. This qualitative longitudinal descriptive study included children with MS ( n = 28) participating in a randomized controlled trial focused on medication adherence ( clinicaltrials.gov : …
Reducing Disparities in Cancer Screening and Prevention through Community‐Based Participatory Research Partnerships with Local Libraries
Highlights Community‐based participatory research project. Worked with the public library system to undertake programs to address cancer screening and risk behavior. Implemented in 20 large urban neighborhoods over 48 months. Event‐history regressions (n = 9374) showed adherence outcomes were linked with program implementation. Intervention impacted health behavior in diverse underserved and vulnerable neighborhoods
Learning from unreliability
Who says yes? Identifying selection biases in a psychosocial intervention study of multiple sclerosis
The purpose of this work is to examine whether patients' sociodemographic and medical characteristics are associated with participation in a randomized controlled trial of two psychosocial interventions. After elimination of basic ineligibles from a registry of multiple sclerosis patients, 325 patients were sent a letter inviting participation in the randomized trial. Among those invited, 29% expressed an interest in participating, 19% scheduled …
Can a Survey Influence Quality of Care in Nursing Homes
Data from a standardized administrative form, the Patient Review Instrument, were used to evaluate whether the New York Quality Assurance System (NYQAS) had an impact on deterioration in functional status or on the incidence of adverse outcomes among residents in New York's nursing homes. The NYQUAS approach evaluated nursing homes by using "triggers" suggestive of deficient quality of care. A random sample of nursing home facilities was selected…
The Influence of the New York Quality Assurance System on Casemix in Nursing Homes
The New York Quality Assurance System (NYQAS) was designed to assure high-quality nursing home care in New York. Among its many incentives, NYQAS may change the likelihood that elderly with heavy-care needs will be admitted to nursing homes. This article addresses that hypothesis. Data for descriptive and multivariate analyses come from the RUGs-II Patient Review Instrument and the Medicare and Medicaid Automated Certification System files for 19…
Can a Survey Influence Quality of Care in Nursing Homes
Data from a standardized administrative form, the Patient Review Instrument, were used to evaluate whether the New York Quality Assurance System (NYQAS) had an impact on deterioration in functional status or on the incidence of adverse outcomes among residents in New York's nursing homes. The NYQUAS approach evaluated nursing homes by using "triggers" suggestive of deficient quality of care. A random sample of nursing home facilities was selected…
Assessment of Diabetes-Related Distress
OBJECTIVE: To describe a new measure of psychosocial adjustment specific to diabetes, the Problem Areas in Diabetes Survey (PAID), and to present initial information on its reliability and validity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Before their routine clinic appointments, 451 female patients with type I and type II diabetes, all of whom required insulin, completed a self-report survey. Included in the survey was the PAID, a 20-item questionnaire in …
The Q-TWiST approach to assessing health-related quality of life in epilepsy
Who says yes? Identifying selection biases in a psychosocial intervention study of multiple sclerosis
The purpose of this work is to examine whether patients' sociodemographic and medical characteristics are associated with participation in a randomized controlled trial of two psychosocial interventions. After elimination of basic ineligibles from a registry of multiple sclerosis patients, 325 patients were sent a letter inviting participation in the randomized trial. Among those invited, 29% expressed an interest in participating, 19% scheduled …
Psychosocial Processes and Health
Controlling ourselves, controlling our world
The Control Group Dilemma in Clinical Research
OBJECTIVE: Clinical research on psychosocial and behavioral medicine interventions has burgeoned in the past two decades, so much so that sole reliance on standard no-treatment control conditions may no longer be appropriate or feasible. We discuss the ethical, theoretical, scientific, and statistical considerations that shape current clinical outcomes research for psychosocial and behavioral medicine interventions. METHOD AND RESULTS: Secondary …
Response Shift Effects in a Psychosocial Randomized Trial
Self-Reported Coping Behavior in Health and Disease
The authors tested the hypothesis that individuals with a variety of severe chronic illnesses and the healthy elderly exhibit a loss of flexibility in their response to a variety of stressors, compared with healthy adults. A card sort game designed to assess self-reported coping behavior under different stressful life situations was used to compare healthy adults with individuals with multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus eryth…
A comparison of two approaches for assessing patient importance weights to conduct an Extended Q-TWiST analysis
Sense of Control and Adjustment to Breast Cancer
The relationship of modes of control and desire for control to psychosocial adjustment in women with breast cancer was examined. Fifty-eight women with stage I or stage II breast cancer were surveyed shortly after their diagnosis and again 4 and 8 months later. The authors hypothesized that a control profile in which individuals use a positive yielding (i.e., accepting) mode of control in conjunction with an assertive mode results in better adjus…
Stress and Course of Disease in Multiple Sclerosis
In this prospective study, 96 healthy controls and 101 multiple sclerosis patients were followed up for as many as 6 years, and self-reported stressful events and health status were assessed. The authors evaluated (a) whether patients reported more stressful life events than healthy controls and (b) the bidirectional relationship between stress and functional deterioration among patients. Healthy controls reported more life events than patients, …
Associations Between Health Status and Utilities Implications for Policy
BACKGROUND: If shape of a person's utility function is associated with his health status, as is predicted by Prospect Theory, the use of utilities from the healthy could result in 'de facto' discrimination against the sick. OBJECTIVES: To determine if patients' utilities for hypothetical states and for their current health were associated with their health status. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of the health and values of patients with depressiv…
Integrating response shift into health-related quality of life research
Methodological approaches for assessing response shift in longitudinal health-related quality-of-life research
Helping others helps oneself
Learning from unreliability
Altruistic Social Interest Behaviors Are Associated With Better Mental Health
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether altruistic social interest behaviors such as engaging in helping others were associated with better physical and mental health in a stratified random sample of 2016 members of the Presbyterian Church throughout the United States. METHODS: Mailed questionnaires evaluated giving and receiving help, prayer activities, positive and negative religious coping, and self-reported physical and mental health. RESU…
Computerized adaptive testing of diabetes impact
Guidelines for improving the stringency of response shift research using the thentest
Data mining for response shift patterns in multiple sclerosis patients using recursive partitioning tree analysis
Using structural equation modeling to detect response shift in performance and health-related quality of life scores of multiple sclerosis patients
While small response shifts were found, they had little impact on the evaluation of true change in performance and HRQoL
Using latent trajectory analysis of residuals to detect response shift in general health among patients with multiple sclerosis article
The king’s foot of patient-reported outcomes
There was a consensus that important research still needs to be performed in order develop and refine high-quality PRO measures and statistical methods to analyze and model change in PRO constructs
Medicine (55 works) · Psychology (50 works) · Clinical Psychology (36 works) · Clinical Psychology (28 works) · Psychiatry (28 works) · Public health (28 works) · Quality of life (healthcare (22 works) · Quality of Life Research (22 works) · Gerontology (19 works) · Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life (16 works)