Kari Dyregrov
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1725627 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Kari Dyregrov |
| PRENOMES | Kari |
| SOBRENOME | Dyregrov |
| ASSINATURA | DYREGROV K |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Western Norway University of Applied Sciences |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6511-5410 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 50 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 127 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 50 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1999 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Drug-Death Related Bereavement and Social Support
The loss of a close one to drug-related death (DRD) has been characterized as a form of stigmatized bereavement, and research has shown that there is a high risk of bereavement complications. Social support can be a buffer against bereavement complications, but because of stigma, DRD bereaved persons access to social support can be challenged. Based on data from a Norwegian sample of DRD bereaved persons ( N = 252) the present study examines (1) …
Perceived social support and symptoms of prolonged grief after a drug-related death
Social network support can be important when adjusting to life after the death of a close family member or friend. However, research has yielded inconclusive results regarding the relationship between social support and complicated grief reactions. Persons bereaved after a drug-related death (DRD) are a group of people who are at high risk of developing bereavement complications. Based on a Norwegian study on DRD bereaved close family members and…
How Do Municipal Managers Describe Improving the Services Provided to Drug Death-Bereaved Persons?” a Qualitative Study
Bereavement following drug-related losses is potentially traumatizing and may cause adverse health outcomes. These bereaved experiences are unacknowledged and omitted in municipal health and welfare service delivery. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied to six focus group interviews with 26 municipal managers. Knowledge about municipal managers' perspectives for improving psychosocial follow-up to drug-death-bereaved persons was perceived as v…
Drug Death-Bereaved Parents’ Perspectives on Family Interactions and Help Needs
Family relations are essential for the bereaved in terms of healing and adjusting to life, especially after experiencing a traumatic death. Although 500 000 people die in drug-related deaths each year, few works focus on family interactions and the help needs of those bereaved by such losses. In this qualitative study, we interviewed 14 parents who had lost their child through a drug-related death. Through a reflexive thematic analysis, we genera…
Grieving a Drug-Related Death in the Context of One's Own Drug Use
Drug-related deaths (DRDs) are a major societal challenge. People who use drugs are at particular risk of witnessing DRDs, and of losing people close to them to a DRD, and experiencing an overdose or other health issues themselves. People who experience sudden, unexpected, and stigmatized deaths, such as DRDs, are found to struggle more afterward than when the death is more natural and expected. Additionally, people who use drugs are more likely …
“Nothing to mourn, He was just a drug addict” - stigma towards people bereaved by drug-related death
Background\nAlthough mortality attributed to illicit drugs is a significant contributor to the overall number of deaths worldwide, knowledge relating to the consequences for those bereaved by drug-related deaths (DRDs) is scarce. Since individuals with substance use disorders are prone to stigma, there is an urgent need for knowledge about the occurrence and content of stigmatization of those bereaved by DRDs.\n\nMethod\nA mixed methods approach …
How do Professionals in Municipal Health and Welfare Relate to Bereaved Persons During the Acute Phase of a Drug-Related Death? A Qualitative Study
This study aims to broaden our knowledge of how professionals in municipal health and welfare relate to bereaved persons during the acute phase of a drug-related death. A reflexive thematic analysis was applied to six focus group interviews with 27 first responding personnel in Norway. The article describes the complexity and simultaneousness of the professional response. Three main themes were identified: (a) establishing contact, (b) diverse, s…
Why Informal Support Fails for Siblings Bereaved by a Drug-Related Death
Drug-related deaths constitute a significant challenge that strongly impacts the lives of the bereaved and the risks of mental and social problems are well-documented. This paper is the first one to explore how bereaved siblings experience informal support after drug-related deaths. Reflexive thematic analysis is used to analyze ten semi-structured interviews with bereaved siblings. Three main themes were identified: (1) valued support elaborates…
Does ‘Time Heal all Wounds?’ The Prevalence and Predictors of Prolonged Grief Among Drug-Death Bereaved Family Members
Despite rising rates of drug-related deaths (DRDs), the consequences of DRDs for bereaved family members are scarcely investigated. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of prolonged grief (PG) symptoms in bereaved family members after DRDs, identify predictors of PG and examine whether symptom levels decrease with time. A cross-sectional design based on survey data from parents ( n = 93), siblings ( n = 78), children ( n = 24) and other fa…
The social health domain of people bereaved by a drug-related death and associations with professional help
People bereaved by traumatic deaths are vulnerable to long-lasting impairments in social health, including the quality of social relationships and the capacity to manage their social lives. In this Norwegian study involving 255 participants bereaved by a drug-related death, we aimed to investigate their social health and associations with professional help. The results of a cross-sectional survey showed that participants on average rated their so…
How do family members experience drug death bereavement? A systematic review of the literature
Prevalence and predictors of prolonged grief symptoms among those bereaved from a drug-related death in a convenience sample of Norwegian parents
Drug-death bereaved parents are at risk of high levels of prolonged grief (PG) symptoms. We included 93 Norwegian drug-death bereaved parents in a cross-sectional survey and aimed to explain PG symptoms. High levels of PG symptoms (M = 30.69) were identified. Low level of self-efficacy and withdrawal from others were the most strongly associated with high levels of grief symptoms ( p < .001). However, contrary to our expectations, social support,…
Loss in the family – A reflection on how schools can support their students
Each year, thousands of British schoolchildren experience the loss of a loved one. In this trying time, it is vital that school staff have a good understanding of how to offer support. Sadly, many school staff struggle with how to provide support and in what form. Based on experiences from Scandinavia, in this article we provide guidelines and practical advice for the forms of support which we consider beneficial. In cases of anticipated losses, …
Sounds of silence. The “special grief” of drug-death bereaved parents
Background: Drug-death bereavement is an understudied topic. We explore what bereaved parents experience after losing their child to drug use. The aim of the paper is to provide knowledge about what drug-death bereaved parents go through and study the kinds of help and support they receive.\n\nMethod: Reflexive thematic analysis is used to analyze 14 semi-structured in-depth interviews with Norwegian parents.\n\nResults: We generated four main th…
Different Trajectories of Prolonged Grief in Bereaved Family Members After Terror
Introduction: The loss of a loved one in a terror incident is associated with elevated risk for mental health disorders such as prolonged grief disorder (PGD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the long- term adaptation after such losses are not well understood. This study aims to explore the trajectories of PGD among parents and siblings ( n = 129) after the 2011 terror attack on Utøya Island, Norway. Methods: The 19-item Inventory of…
Drug-Related Death Bereavement
Kelly Thomas first contacted us briefly—but to us so poignantly—about an earlier publication of ours on Drug-Related Death (DRD) bereavement entitled Sounds of silence. The ‘special grief’ of drug-death bereaved parents (Titlestad et al., 2020). He commented: It is coming up on the 3 years since we lost our daughter at age 21 in a DRD. I have found my wife listening to the song your paper refers to more times than I would like to count. I cried a…
How Do Drug-Death-Bereaved Parents Adjust to Life Without the Deceased? A Qualitative Study
Knowledge about how bereaved persons grieve can enhance quality in providing the support and potential services that they need. We aimed to identify ways in which drug-death-bereaved Norwegian parents go on with their lives and what inhibits or promotes adaptation during their grieving. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze 14 semistructured in-depth interviews. We generated three themes: (I) processing grief emotions, (II) proactive co…
Positive growth following trauma – clinical perspectives
Although positive growth is possible following the loss of a loved one, meaning construction and redefinition of reality may represent a very difficult transition. Professionals must be careful in how they convey optimism and the prospects of growth to families that have recently suffered trauma and loss. At the same time, it is certainly true that they are able to steer people towards recognition of strengths and the possibility of growth and le…
The special grief following drug related deaths
Background: In most European countries and in the US, there has been a negative trend with increasing incident rates of drug related deaths (DRD) during the last decade. In 2017, the mortality rate due to overdoses reached epidemic proportions in the United States; i.e. the age-adjusted rate of drug overdoses reached 21.7 per 100,000, being 9.6% higher than the 2016 rate. Increasing, still lower, rates are seen in European countries. Behind these…
A Relational Perspective on Social Support Between Bereaved and Their Networks After Terror
The aim of this study is to increase the understanding of social network support after traumatic deaths and, by demonstrating the complexities of such encounters, to highlight whether such support may be totally beneficial. A phenomenological dynamic and relational perspective was applied to 22 in-depth interviews with parents bereaved as a result of the 2011 terror attack in Norway. Three main themes were identified in respect of interactional s…
Long-Term Reactions to the Loss of a Close Friend in an Extreme Terror Incident
This article presents results from one of the first longitudinal studies exploring the effects of losing a close friend to traumatic death, focusing on complicated grief over time and how this is affected by avoidant behavior and rumination about the loss. The sample consists of 88 persons (76% women and 24% men, mean age = 21) who lost a close friend in the Utøya killings in Norway on July 22, 2011.Quantitative data were collected at three time-…
Early intervention for bereaved children
People rarely specify what "early intervention" following bereavement means, so we explored the views of experienced professionals working primarily with bereaved children. In an anonymous online survey, 84 mental health professionals answered questions about the content and timeframe of early intervention. The types of interventions varied, but conversation and support were most frequent. Most considered early intervention to mean before or duri…
Negative Life Events, Social Support, and Self-Efficacy in Anxious Adolescents
The high prevalence of anxiety in adolescents demonstrates the importance of improved prevention interventions targeting anxious adolescents. We argue that addressing is the responsibility of not only the individual adolescents and their families but also schools, school health services, and policy makers. School-based interventions that increase social support and self-efficacy would probably be particularly beneficial for anxious adolescents
Young Road Fatalities
This study presents the findings from in-depth interviews with 24 people from 15 families in Norway who lost their young son or daughter in a traffic accident. Their grief has several dimensions: the loss of a young life, the loss of life quality, the effect on family events and their meaning, and the new responsibilities brought onto family members. For each young fatality, many relatives and friends are affected with a wide range of emotional a…
Weekend gatherings for bereaved family members after the terror killings in Norway in 2011
This article describes a program to help bereaved families who all lost a close family member during the Utøya terror attacks in Norway where 69 people, mostly of young age, were shot and killed. The bereaved gathered over four weekends to process and learn about grief in a program organised by the Norwegian Directorate of Health (NDH). This proactive follow-up included bereaved parents and siblings who took part in group sessions, plenary lectur…
Bereaved parents' experience of research participation
Predictors of Psychosocial Distress After Suicide, Sids and Accidents
This article compares the outcome and predictors of psychosocial distress of parents bereaved by young suicides, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), and child accidents. One objective is to explore whether suicide bereavement is more difficult for those left behind than other forms of bereavement. Data have been collected from 140 families, consisting of 232 parents, by the use of the Impact of Event Scale, the General Health Questionnaire, and …
Psychological Autopsy Studies as Diagnostic Tools
One of the most established "truths" in suicidology is that almost all (90% or more) of those who kill themselves suffer from one or more mental disorders, and a causal link between the two is implied. Psychological autopsy (PA) studies constitute one main evidence base for this conclusion. However, there has been little reflection on the reliability and validity of this method. For example, psychiatric diagnoses are assigned to people who have d…
Assistance From Local Authorities Versus Survivors' Needs for Support After Suicide
As part of a larger study, this article describes the local authorities in Norway as providers of help and survivors as recipients of help after the suicide of a young person (<30 years) in 83 families. A questionnaire developed for this study maps the extent of professional community support as reported by parent survivors (N = 128). Additionally, 41 survivors described the quality of the assistance through in-depth interviews. Another questionn…
Prevalence and predictors of prolonged grief symptoms among those bereaved from a drug-related death in a convenience sample of Norwegian parents
Drug-death bereaved parents are at risk of high levels of prolonged grief (PG) symptoms. We included 93 Norwegian drug-death bereaved parents in a cross-sectional survey and aimed to explain PG symptoms. High levels of PG symptoms (M = 30.69) were identified. Low level of self-efficacy and withdrawal from others were the most strongly associated with high levels of grief symptoms ( p < .001). However, contrary to our expectations, social support,…
Long-Term Impact of Sudden Infant Death
To understand parents' subjective feelings, experiences, and understanding connected to the loss of a child over time, the authors chose semi-structured, in-depth interviews as the method of examination in a study of 26 parents who lost a child to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) between 1981 and 1984. In addition, parents were asked to complete different inventories to compare their present responses (1996) with their responses to the same in…
Suicide-Bereaved Siblings' Perception of Health Services
The authors investigated suicide-bereaved siblings' reported reasons for seeking or not seeking professional support, their reported satisfaction when receiving it, and their recommendations to health services when meeting suicide-bereaved siblings. Using qualitative content analysis of 18 interviews with suicide-bereaved siblings, the authors found that the perception of health services as being helpful was influenced by both the participants' a…
Exploring Vulnerability to Suicide in the Developmental History of Young Men
This study explores the developmental history of ten young men who completed suicide in the transition to adulthood. The young men, aged 18-30, had no previous history of suicide attempts or treatment in mental health. In-depth interviews with four to eight informants for each suicide were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Three developmental issues from early age onwards emerged: (a) unsuccessful in becoming independent; (…
The social health domain of people bereaved by a drug-related death and associations with professional help
People bereaved by traumatic deaths are vulnerable to long-lasting impairments in social health, including the quality of social relationships and the capacity to manage their social lives. In this Norwegian study involving 255 participants bereaved by a drug-related death, we aimed to investigate their social health and associations with professional help. The results of a cross-sectional survey showed that participants on average rated their so…
Early intervention for bereaved children
People rarely specify what "early intervention" following bereavement means, so we explored the views of experienced professionals working primarily with bereaved children. In an anonymous online survey, 84 mental health professionals answered questions about the content and timeframe of early intervention. The types of interventions varied, but conversation and support were most frequent. Most considered early intervention to mean before or duri…
Long-Term Impact of Sudden Infant Death
To understand parents' subjective feelings, experiences, and understanding connected to the loss of a child over time, the authors chose semi-structured, in-depth interviews as the method of examination in a study of 26 parents who lost a child to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) between 1981 and 1984. In addition, parents were asked to complete different inventories to compare their present responses (1996) with their responses to the same in…
Assistance From Local Authorities Versus Survivors' Needs for Support After Suicide
As part of a larger study, this article describes the local authorities in Norway as providers of help and survivors as recipients of help after the suicide of a young person (<30 years) in 83 families. A questionnaire developed for this study maps the extent of professional community support as reported by parent survivors (N = 128). Additionally, 41 survivors described the quality of the assistance through in-depth interviews. Another questionn…
Predictors of Psychosocial Distress After Suicide, Sids and Accidents
This article compares the outcome and predictors of psychosocial distress of parents bereaved by young suicides, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), and child accidents. One objective is to explore whether suicide bereavement is more difficult for those left behind than other forms of bereavement. Data have been collected from 140 families, consisting of 232 parents, by the use of the Impact of Event Scale, the General Health Questionnaire, and …
Micro-Sociological Analysis of Social Support Following Traumatic Bereavement
This article explores the reasons why parts of the social support to survivors of traumatic deaths fail. The data is based on in-depth interviews with 69 parents who lost their offspring due to suicide, SIDS, or accident between August 1, 1997 and December 31, 1998. Despite considerable positive support from their social nework, the majority of the survivors also experienced some unhelpful encounters or lack of anticipated support. Network member…
Bereaved parents' experience of research participation
Do professionals disempower bereaved people
(2005). Do professionals disempower bereaved people? Bereavement Care: Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 7-10
Experiences of Social Networks Supporting Traumatically Bereaved
The importance of social support in reducing the impact of sudden loss on grief symptomatology and facilitating psychological adaptation has often been stressed by theorists. However, the accounts of family members, friends and work colleagues who actually have supported traumatically bereaved groups have seldom been addressed. This article describes how social networks have supported parents who lost their offspring due to traumatic deaths (suic…
The Important Role of the School following Suicide in Norway. What Support Do Young People Wish That School Could Provide
Little knowledge has been documented on the experiences of young suicide survivors, how they are coping with schooling and what kind of support they think they need. Thirty-two adolescents who had lost a close family member or friend by suicide participated in a research project by filling in questionnaires and participating in focus group interviews. The article explores the young people's experiences with and wishes for help from the school, in…
How Do the Young Suicide Survivors Wish to Be Met by Psychologists? A User Study
Little user-knowledge has been documented on the experiences of young suicide bereaved with psychosocial assistance and therapy. Thirty-two adolescents who had lost a close family member or friend by suicide participated in a research project by filling in questionnaires and participating in focus group interviews. The article explores the young people's experiences with and wishes for help from psychologists, and shows that the young bereaved do…
Motivation for Research Participation among People Bereaved by Suicide
Few studies directly address vulnerable populations' motivation for participating in research. Often motives are expressed spontaneously and typically given post-interview. This article investigates motivation for research participation among informants who have been bereaved by suicide. Informants were specifically asked for their motivation either prior to, or directly after the interview. Four categories of motivations were identified: (1) Hel…
Participants with Prolonged Grief—How Do They Benefit from Grief Group Participation
Data analyzed in this article is part of a study conducted to explore grief support groups in Norway. Participants that fulfilled the criteria of Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) were compared with participants that did not in order to explore whether they differed on satisfaction and experiences with participation. To allow for comparison, a subsample of 22 participants that fulfilled the criteria of PGD were drawn from the total of 262 participan…
Psychological Autopsy Studies as Diagnostic Tools
One of the most established "truths" in suicidology is that almost all (90% or more) of those who kill themselves suffer from one or more mental disorders, and a causal link between the two is implied. Psychological autopsy (PA) studies constitute one main evidence base for this conclusion. However, there has been little reflection on the reliability and validity of this method. For example, psychiatric diagnoses are assigned to people who have d…
Complicated Grief in Children—The Perspectives of Experienced Professionals
A total of 39 very experienced clinicians and researchers worldwide responded to a survey consisting of both structured and open-ended questions on complicated grief in children. The questions assessed their opinion on: a) what constitutes complicated grief in children; b) whether to develop a diagnosis for children as suggested for adults and, if so, would adult criteria be sufficient for children; and c) other aspects of normal and complicated …
Positive and Negative Experiences from Grief Group Participation
This article presents qualitative interview data from the research project "Grief Support Groups in Norway" (2009-2011). The aim of this part of the study was to investigate grief group participant's experiences, benefits, and satisfaction with the grief group. Positive aspects were to meet with peers, share thoughts and feelings, normalization, exchange advice and information, and share hope. On the negative side were unfulfilled needs or expect…
Participants' Recommendations for the Ideal Grief Group
Based on the results from the qualitative part of the study "Grief Groups in Norway" conducted in 2009-2011, this article focuses on grief group participants' recommendations for good or ideal grief groups. Participants have insightful observations about grief groups and how they can be improved, and taking their point of view seriously is one important way of ensuring that users of such group get an optimal experience from joining such groups. U…
Exploring Vulnerability to Suicide in the Developmental History of Young Men
This study explores the developmental history of ten young men who completed suicide in the transition to adulthood. The young men, aged 18-30, had no previous history of suicide attempts or treatment in mental health. In-depth interviews with four to eight informants for each suicide were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Three developmental issues from early age onwards emerged: (a) unsuccessful in becoming independent; (…
Suicide and Perfectionism
This study explores suicide in relation to perfectionism among individuals who died by suicide with no history of treatment in mental health care or of suicide attempts. The study is part of an ongoing psychological autopsy study (PA-study). It aimed to produce a phenomenological understanding of the dynamics/processes from perfectionism to suicide among 6 men aged 22 to 58. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the i…
Suicide-Bereaved Siblings' Perception of Health Services
The authors investigated suicide-bereaved siblings' reported reasons for seeking or not seeking professional support, their reported satisfaction when receiving it, and their recommendations to health services when meeting suicide-bereaved siblings. Using qualitative content analysis of 18 interviews with suicide-bereaved siblings, the authors found that the perception of health services as being helpful was influenced by both the participants' a…
Maladaptive Perfectionism
This study aimed to explore how the life history of suicide victims with no history of treatment in mental health care or of attempted suicide seemed to presdispose them to maladaptive perfectionism. The study is part of an ongoing psychological autopsy study. It aimed to produce a phenomenological understanding of the vulnerability to suicide related to perfectionism, based on the life history of six male suicide victims aged 22 to 58. Interpret…
Because I’m Also Part of the Family. Children’s Participation in Rituals After the Loss of a Parent or Sibling
The objective of this study was to examine how Norwegian children today are included in death-related rituals after the loss of a parent or sibling, how they experienced their own participation, and to explore the meaning the rituals had for them. Our study indicates that it was very important for the children to be included in the rituals and accordingly be recognized as grievers alongside adults. Being included contributes to legitimating their…
Parents’ Perception of Their Relationship Following the Loss of a Child
It is known that if one partner wants to talk after the loss of a child, while the other does not, the less satisfied they are with the relationship. The aim of this study was to increase our understanding of parental relationships following the loss of a child. A questionnaire on various aspects of the relationship was sent to 1,027 members of bereavement support organizations for parents who have lost children in Norway. The studied sample ( N …
The Role of Self-Esteem in Suicides Among Young Men
This study explores self-esteem in suicide among young males with no earlier history of suicide attempt(s) or treatment in mental health services. The data come from an ongoing psychological autopsy study; 10 cases of young men aged 18 to 30, were selected to generate a phenomenologically based understanding of the psychological mechanisms and processes involved in the suicidal process. The analyses are based on in-depth interviews with 61 closel…
Weekend gatherings for bereaved family members after the terror killings in Norway in 2011
This article describes a program to help bereaved families who all lost a close family member during the Utøya terror attacks in Norway where 69 people, mostly of young age, were shot and killed. The bereaved gathered over four weekends to process and learn about grief in a program organised by the Norwegian Directorate of Health (NDH). This proactive follow-up included bereaved parents and siblings who took part in group sessions, plenary lectur…
Media exposure and prolonged grief
Media exposure may trigger or maintain prolonged grief reactions. (PsycINFO Database Record
In What Ways Do Bereaved Parents After Terror Go on With Their Lives, and What Seems to Inhibit or Promote Adaptation During Their Grieving Process? A Qualitative Study
The aim of this article was to identify the ways in which bereaved parents go on with their lives following terror killings and to discuss what appears to inhibit or promote adaptation during their grieving process. The results of the study are aimed at presenting advice to professional helpers. From 22 in-depth interviews with parents bereaved by the 2011 terror attack in Norway, four main themes concerning coping were identified: (a) decisions,…
Psychology (48 obras) · Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health (45 obras) · Migration, Health and Trauma (38 obras) · Medicine (30 obras) · Psychiatry (28 obras) · Social Psychology (25 obras) · Grief (22 obras) · Social Psychology (21 obras) · Psychotherapist (20 obras) · Developmental psychology (19 obras)