Penelope Carroll
Biographic Data
| ID | 172589 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Penelope Carroll |
| GIVEN NAMES | Penelope |
| FAMILY NAME | Carroll |
| SIGNATURE | CARROLL P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Massey University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3525-8215 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 27 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 149 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 27 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Tackling Ableism in Sport and Active Recreation to Ensure Participation Parity for Disabled Young People in Aotearoa New Zealand
Significant barriers limit disabled young people’s opportunities in sport and active recreation. This is both a health and human rights issue: physical activity is vital for well-being, and equitable access to sport and active recreation is mandated by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006). Using Q methodology, a participatory mixed-methods approach that uncovers shared viewpoints through statistical anal…
Non-disabled privilege in sports and active recreation: Challenging neoliberal ableist attitudes through human rights informed anti-ableism
Despite inclusionary policies in New Zealand, the existing socio-cultural and political systems continue to reinforce non-disabled privilege in the sports and physical activity environment. Bolstered by neoliberal ableist attitudes, concepts and practices, this non-disabled privilege excludes individuals whose bodily capabilities do not fit hypothetical able-bodied norms and standards. This paper explores neoliberal ableist attitudes and practice…
Articulations of Ableism in Sport and Physical Activity
Disabled people continue to experience ableism in sport and physical activity in many forms. Operating as a form of privilege, ableism encompasses a complex and enduring network of beliefs, processes, and practices that place value on nondisabled embodiment and shape our collective understandings of the self, our bodies, and our relationships, and how we perceive, and are perceived by, others. However, the breadth of ableist tendencies, attitudes…
Community use of school grounds outside of school hours
Physical activity in childhood is essential for healthy development and wellbeing and school grounds can provide neighbourhood access to safe play spaces. This study examines the relationship between school demographics (school size, school decile, ethnicity of students and population density) and whether school grounds are open or closed for community use outside school hours. Data were gathered from 391 primary and intermediate schools across T…
The Impacts of Covid-19 Responses on Children, Youth and Their Environments in Canada, the United States, New Zealand, and Australia
The Impacts of COVID-19 Responses on Children, Youth and Their Environments in Canada, the United States, New Zealand, and Australia
The relationship between children’s third-place play, parental neighbourhood perceptions, and children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour
This study takes a child-centred approach to examine the relationship between children's third-place play, parents' perceptions of their neighbourhood environment, and time spent by children in physical activity and sedentary behaviour during weekday out-of-school hours. A total of 1102 children aged 8-13 years from 19 schools across Auckland, New Zealand took part in a public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) survey utilising …
Mobility barriers and enablers and their implications for the wellbeing of disabled children and young people in Aotearoa New Zealand: A cross-sectional qualitative study
Active participation in community and cultural life is a basic right of all children and young people (CYP) and is central to wellbeing. For disabled CYP, mobility can be constrained through a range of environmental and social/attitudinal barriers. The aim of this research was to understand the enablers and barriers to mobility from the perspectives of disabled CYP. Thirty-five disabled CYP aged between 12 and 25 years took part. Data were collec…
"How can we make it work for you?" Enabling sporting assemblages for disabled young people
Children’s Transport Built Environments: A Mixed Methods Study of Associations between Perceived and Objective Measures and Relationships with Parent Licence for Independent Mobility in Auckland, New …
Children's independent mobility is declining internationally. Parents are the gatekeepers of children's independent mobility. This mixed methods study investigates whether parent perceptions of the neighbourhood environment align with objective measures of the neighbourhood built environment, and how perceived and objective measures relate to parental licence for children's independent mobility. Parents participating in the Neighbourhood for Acti…
Children's Engagement as Urban Researchers and Consultants in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Can it Increase Children's Effective Participation in Urban Planning
Children conducting research and engaging in ‘adult’ domains such as urban planning challenge perceptions of children as merely ‘adult becomings’ — perceptions which, along with lack of pathways for participation, have largely excluded children from effective participation in the public realm. This paper considers two urban participatory projects in Aotearoa/New Zealand: in the first, children (10–13 years) researched peer perceptions of Auckland…
A level playing field’: Young people's experiences of wheelchair basketball as an enabling place
Disseminating research results to kids: Practical tips from the Neighbourhoods for Active Kids study
Appropriately disseminating results to children are important because it respects the role they played in the research process. Clearly conveying complex messages to children, however, can be challenging and take a substantial amount of time for researchers. This paper reports on the results dissemination processes and accompanying critical reflection, that occurred during Neighbourhoods for Active Kids study – a community‐based health research p…
Being the body in question: Young people’s accounts of everyday ableism, visibility and disability
The perception of impairments often relies on dominant, ableist presumptions about what disability ‘looks like’. This article builds from in-depth research with 35 young people who are Deaf or blind or have vision, hearing or mobility impairments and their parents, all of whom navigated ableist interactional dynamics in one form or another. In conversation with scholarship across disability studies, sociology and social psychology, this article e…
Children's everyday encounters and affective relations with place: Experiences of hyperdiversity in Auckland neighbourhoods
This paper investigates children's experiences of hyperdiversity in public spaces in inner city and suburban neighbourhoods in Auckland, New Zealand. As children walk through, and talk about, their everyday places of play and mobility they sense and reveal material and relational diversity in the places and people they encounter. We examine temporal and affective changes in children's experiences of familiar places when in the presence of strange…
Enabling participation for disabled young people: Study protocol
This study looks beyond barriers in the physical environment to the interplay of personal, social and physical factors that enable or constrain the community participation of disabled young people. In keeping with the study's overarching goal of increasing opportunities for effective community participation and full citizenship of disabled young people, research methods were applied flexibily - negotiated and adapted to maximise each young person…
A Prefigurative Politics of Play in Public Places: Children Claim Their Democratic Right to the City Through Play
Children have as much “right” to the city as adult citizens, yet they lose out in the urban spatial justice stakes. Built environments prioritizing motor vehicles, a default urban planning position that sees children as belonging in child-designated areas, and safety discourses, combine to restrict children’s presence and opportunities for play, rendering them out of place in public space. In this context, children’s everyday appropriations of pu…
Social and built-environment factors related to children's independent mobility: The importance of neighbourhood cohesion and connectedness
Kids in the City: Children's Use and Experiences of Urban Neighbourhoods in Auckland, New Zealand
Cities are largely designed for adults and cars, not children. Auckland City's new ‘children first’ approach signals a shift in policy focus to consider the needs of children. The authors' ‘Kids in the City’ research is helping inform this approach by providing policy-relevant information about children's use and experiences of nine Auckland neighbourhoods, suburban and inner-city, using trip diaries, child-led walk-along interviews and discussio…
Development of a systems model to visualise the complexity of children's independent mobility
Substantial changes to the built environment, urbanisation patterns, and societal norms have contributed to limiting children's opportunities for being independently mobile. Several linear causal pathway models have been developed to understand the influences on children's independent mobility; however feedback loops between and within the various levels of influence cannot be modelled using such an approach. The purpose of this paper is to refin…
Urban inclusion as wellbeing: Exploring children's accounts of confronting diversity on inner city streets
What constitutes a ‘trip’? Examining child journey attributes using GPS and self-report
Active travel is associated with improved health and development outcomes in children. Accurate detection of children's travel behaviors and routes, however, is problematic. Travel diaries are often used to collect information on children's travel behaviors, yet no evidence for the accuracy of this methodology exists. This study investigated the validity of children's self-reported trips (origin, destination) compared with an objective criterion …
New Zealand parents' understandings of the intergenerational decline in children's independent outdoor play and active travel
Children's independent mobility and physical activity levels are declining in Western countries. In the past 20 years New Zealand children's active travel (walking and cycling) has dropped on average from 130 to 72 minutes per week, and those travelling by car to school have increased from 31% to 58%. This paper describes parents' understandings of why 9–11-year-old primary school children in suburban Auckland are less likely to walk to school an…
Kids in the city study: Research design and methodology
This study is one of the first internationally to examine the association of specific urban design attributes with child independent mobility. Using robust, appropriate, and best practice objective measures, this study provides robust epidemiological information regarding the relationships between the built environment and health outcomes for this population
Housing Intensification in Auckland, New Zealand: Implications for Children and Families
While commonplace throughout most of the world, inner-city apartments have often been perceived as unsuitable for children in countries such as Australia and New Zealand, where discourses of houses, gardens and open spaces as being desirable sites for children prevail. However, increasing awareness of the need for environmental sustainability has placed the viability of sprawling suburbs in question. As city centres intensify, more families are m…
The Heart of the Matter: Using Poetry as a Method of Ethnographic Inquiry to Represent and Present Experiences of the Informally Housed in Aotearoa/New Zealand
In the ongoing discourses around housing and health, the voices of those on the margins are largely absent. This article describes the use of poetry to capture "realities" of marginal housing in Aotearoa/New Zealand from the perspectives of 40 people living in informal dwellings such as sheds, vans, buses, garages, tents, and caravans. The poems combine participants' words with descriptions of their living situations and complement thematic analy…
Being the body in question: Young people’s accounts of everyday ableism, visibility and disability
The perception of impairments often relies on dominant, ableist presumptions about what disability ‘looks like’. This article builds from in-depth research with 35 young people who are Deaf or blind or have vision, hearing or mobility impairments and their parents, all of whom navigated ableist interactional dynamics in one form or another. In conversation with scholarship across disability studies, sociology and social psychology, this article e…
New Zealand parents' understandings of the intergenerational decline in children's independent outdoor play and active travel
Children's independent mobility and physical activity levels are declining in Western countries. In the past 20 years New Zealand children's active travel (walking and cycling) has dropped on average from 130 to 72 minutes per week, and those travelling by car to school have increased from 31% to 58%. This paper describes parents' understandings of why 9–11-year-old primary school children in suburban Auckland are less likely to walk to school an…
A Prefigurative Politics of Play in Public Places: Children Claim Their Democratic Right to the City Through Play
Children have as much “right” to the city as adult citizens, yet they lose out in the urban spatial justice stakes. Built environments prioritizing motor vehicles, a default urban planning position that sees children as belonging in child-designated areas, and safety discourses, combine to restrict children’s presence and opportunities for play, rendering them out of place in public space. In this context, children’s everyday appropriations of pu…
Children's everyday encounters and affective relations with place: Experiences of hyperdiversity in Auckland neighbourhoods
This paper investigates children's experiences of hyperdiversity in public spaces in inner city and suburban neighbourhoods in Auckland, New Zealand. As children walk through, and talk about, their everyday places of play and mobility they sense and reveal material and relational diversity in the places and people they encounter. We examine temporal and affective changes in children's experiences of familiar places when in the presence of strange…
Social and built-environment factors related to children's independent mobility: The importance of neighbourhood cohesion and connectedness
The Heart of the Matter: Using Poetry as a Method of Ethnographic Inquiry to Represent and Present Experiences of the Informally Housed in Aotearoa/New Zealand
In the ongoing discourses around housing and health, the voices of those on the margins are largely absent. This article describes the use of poetry to capture "realities" of marginal housing in Aotearoa/New Zealand from the perspectives of 40 people living in informal dwellings such as sheds, vans, buses, garages, tents, and caravans. The poems combine participants' words with descriptions of their living situations and complement thematic analy…
Housing Intensification in Auckland, New Zealand: Implications for Children and Families
While commonplace throughout most of the world, inner-city apartments have often been perceived as unsuitable for children in countries such as Australia and New Zealand, where discourses of houses, gardens and open spaces as being desirable sites for children prevail. However, increasing awareness of the need for environmental sustainability has placed the viability of sprawling suburbs in question. As city centres intensify, more families are m…
A level playing field’: Young people's experiences of wheelchair basketball as an enabling place
Urban inclusion as wellbeing: Exploring children's accounts of confronting diversity on inner city streets
"How can we make it work for you?" Enabling sporting assemblages for disabled young people
Development of a systems model to visualise the complexity of children's independent mobility
Substantial changes to the built environment, urbanisation patterns, and societal norms have contributed to limiting children's opportunities for being independently mobile. Several linear causal pathway models have been developed to understand the influences on children's independent mobility; however feedback loops between and within the various levels of influence cannot be modelled using such an approach. The purpose of this paper is to refin…
Environmental attitudes, beliefs about social justice and intention to vote Green: Lessons for the New Zealand Green Party
The vast majority of New Zealanders in 2005 considered environmental protection a high priority, yet the Green Party – then the only New Zealand political party with a clear environmental sustainability agenda – continued to poll comparatively poorly. It has been suggested that much of the potential environmental vote is lost because of the party's left-of-centre social justice policies. Would the Greens attract greater electoral support by confi…
Disseminating research results to kids: Practical tips from the Neighbourhoods for Active Kids study
Appropriately disseminating results to children are important because it respects the role they played in the research process. Clearly conveying complex messages to children, however, can be challenging and take a substantial amount of time for researchers. This paper reports on the results dissemination processes and accompanying critical reflection, that occurred during Neighbourhoods for Active Kids study – a community‐based health research p…
The use of social science research to inform policy development: Case studies from recent immigration policy
This paper explores how social science research has informed recent immigration policy development in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Examples of research use, drawn from in‐depth interviews with policy advisors and social science researchers working in the immigration area, are discussed using the stages model of policy development. Intersections between the stages and multiple‐streams models of policy development, and Weiss's typologies of research use, …
Articulations of Ableism in Sport and Physical Activity
Disabled people continue to experience ableism in sport and physical activity in many forms. Operating as a form of privilege, ableism encompasses a complex and enduring network of beliefs, processes, and practices that place value on nondisabled embodiment and shape our collective understandings of the self, our bodies, and our relationships, and how we perceive, and are perceived by, others. However, the breadth of ableist tendencies, attitudes…
The relationship between children’s third-place play, parental neighbourhood perceptions, and children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour
This study takes a child-centred approach to examine the relationship between children's third-place play, parents' perceptions of their neighbourhood environment, and time spent by children in physical activity and sedentary behaviour during weekday out-of-school hours. A total of 1102 children aged 8-13 years from 19 schools across Auckland, New Zealand took part in a public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) survey utilising …
Environmental attitudes, beliefs about social justice and intention to vote Green: Lessons for the New Zealand Green Party
The vast majority of New Zealanders in 2005 considered environmental protection a high priority, yet the Green Party – then the only New Zealand political party with a clear environmental sustainability agenda – continued to poll comparatively poorly. It has been suggested that much of the potential environmental vote is lost because of the party's left-of-centre social justice policies. Would the Greens attract greater electoral support by confi…
The use of social science research to inform policy development: Case studies from recent immigration policy
This paper explores how social science research has informed recent immigration policy development in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Examples of research use, drawn from in‐depth interviews with policy advisors and social science researchers working in the immigration area, are discussed using the stages model of policy development. Intersections between the stages and multiple‐streams models of policy development, and Weiss's typologies of research use, …
Kids in the city study: Research design and methodology
This study is one of the first internationally to examine the association of specific urban design attributes with child independent mobility. Using robust, appropriate, and best practice objective measures, this study provides robust epidemiological information regarding the relationships between the built environment and health outcomes for this population
Housing Intensification in Auckland, New Zealand: Implications for Children and Families
While commonplace throughout most of the world, inner-city apartments have often been perceived as unsuitable for children in countries such as Australia and New Zealand, where discourses of houses, gardens and open spaces as being desirable sites for children prevail. However, increasing awareness of the need for environmental sustainability has placed the viability of sprawling suburbs in question. As city centres intensify, more families are m…
The Heart of the Matter: Using Poetry as a Method of Ethnographic Inquiry to Represent and Present Experiences of the Informally Housed in Aotearoa/New Zealand
In the ongoing discourses around housing and health, the voices of those on the margins are largely absent. This article describes the use of poetry to capture "realities" of marginal housing in Aotearoa/New Zealand from the perspectives of 40 people living in informal dwellings such as sheds, vans, buses, garages, tents, and caravans. The poems combine participants' words with descriptions of their living situations and complement thematic analy…
New Zealand parents' understandings of the intergenerational decline in children's independent outdoor play and active travel
Children's independent mobility and physical activity levels are declining in Western countries. In the past 20 years New Zealand children's active travel (walking and cycling) has dropped on average from 130 to 72 minutes per week, and those travelling by car to school have increased from 31% to 58%. This paper describes parents' understandings of why 9–11-year-old primary school children in suburban Auckland are less likely to walk to school an…
What constitutes a ‘trip’? Examining child journey attributes using GPS and self-report
Active travel is associated with improved health and development outcomes in children. Accurate detection of children's travel behaviors and routes, however, is problematic. Travel diaries are often used to collect information on children's travel behaviors, yet no evidence for the accuracy of this methodology exists. This study investigated the validity of children's self-reported trips (origin, destination) compared with an objective criterion …
Kids in the City: Children's Use and Experiences of Urban Neighbourhoods in Auckland, New Zealand
Cities are largely designed for adults and cars, not children. Auckland City's new ‘children first’ approach signals a shift in policy focus to consider the needs of children. The authors' ‘Kids in the City’ research is helping inform this approach by providing policy-relevant information about children's use and experiences of nine Auckland neighbourhoods, suburban and inner-city, using trip diaries, child-led walk-along interviews and discussio…
Development of a systems model to visualise the complexity of children's independent mobility
Substantial changes to the built environment, urbanisation patterns, and societal norms have contributed to limiting children's opportunities for being independently mobile. Several linear causal pathway models have been developed to understand the influences on children's independent mobility; however feedback loops between and within the various levels of influence cannot be modelled using such an approach. The purpose of this paper is to refin…
Urban inclusion as wellbeing: Exploring children's accounts of confronting diversity on inner city streets
Social and built-environment factors related to children's independent mobility: The importance of neighbourhood cohesion and connectedness
Enabling participation for disabled young people: Study protocol
This study looks beyond barriers in the physical environment to the interplay of personal, social and physical factors that enable or constrain the community participation of disabled young people. In keeping with the study's overarching goal of increasing opportunities for effective community participation and full citizenship of disabled young people, research methods were applied flexibily - negotiated and adapted to maximise each young person…
A Prefigurative Politics of Play in Public Places: Children Claim Their Democratic Right to the City Through Play
Children have as much “right” to the city as adult citizens, yet they lose out in the urban spatial justice stakes. Built environments prioritizing motor vehicles, a default urban planning position that sees children as belonging in child-designated areas, and safety discourses, combine to restrict children’s presence and opportunities for play, rendering them out of place in public space. In this context, children’s everyday appropriations of pu…
Children’s Transport Built Environments: A Mixed Methods Study of Associations between Perceived and Objective Measures and Relationships with Parent Licence for Independent Mobility in Auckland, New …
Children's independent mobility is declining internationally. Parents are the gatekeepers of children's independent mobility. This mixed methods study investigates whether parent perceptions of the neighbourhood environment align with objective measures of the neighbourhood built environment, and how perceived and objective measures relate to parental licence for children's independent mobility. Parents participating in the Neighbourhood for Acti…
Children's Engagement as Urban Researchers and Consultants in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Can it Increase Children's Effective Participation in Urban Planning
Children conducting research and engaging in ‘adult’ domains such as urban planning challenge perceptions of children as merely ‘adult becomings’ — perceptions which, along with lack of pathways for participation, have largely excluded children from effective participation in the public realm. This paper considers two urban participatory projects in Aotearoa/New Zealand: in the first, children (10–13 years) researched peer perceptions of Auckland…
A level playing field’: Young people's experiences of wheelchair basketball as an enabling place
Disseminating research results to kids: Practical tips from the Neighbourhoods for Active Kids study
Appropriately disseminating results to children are important because it respects the role they played in the research process. Clearly conveying complex messages to children, however, can be challenging and take a substantial amount of time for researchers. This paper reports on the results dissemination processes and accompanying critical reflection, that occurred during Neighbourhoods for Active Kids study – a community‐based health research p…
Being the body in question: Young people’s accounts of everyday ableism, visibility and disability
The perception of impairments often relies on dominant, ableist presumptions about what disability ‘looks like’. This article builds from in-depth research with 35 young people who are Deaf or blind or have vision, hearing or mobility impairments and their parents, all of whom navigated ableist interactional dynamics in one form or another. In conversation with scholarship across disability studies, sociology and social psychology, this article e…
Children's everyday encounters and affective relations with place: Experiences of hyperdiversity in Auckland neighbourhoods
This paper investigates children's experiences of hyperdiversity in public spaces in inner city and suburban neighbourhoods in Auckland, New Zealand. As children walk through, and talk about, their everyday places of play and mobility they sense and reveal material and relational diversity in the places and people they encounter. We examine temporal and affective changes in children's experiences of familiar places when in the presence of strange…
Mobility barriers and enablers and their implications for the wellbeing of disabled children and young people in Aotearoa New Zealand: A cross-sectional qualitative study
Active participation in community and cultural life is a basic right of all children and young people (CYP) and is central to wellbeing. For disabled CYP, mobility can be constrained through a range of environmental and social/attitudinal barriers. The aim of this research was to understand the enablers and barriers to mobility from the perspectives of disabled CYP. Thirty-five disabled CYP aged between 12 and 25 years took part. Data were collec…
"How can we make it work for you?" Enabling sporting assemblages for disabled young people
The Impacts of Covid-19 Responses on Children, Youth and Their Environments in Canada, the United States, New Zealand, and Australia
The Impacts of COVID-19 Responses on Children, Youth and Their Environments in Canada, the United States, New Zealand, and Australia
The relationship between children’s third-place play, parental neighbourhood perceptions, and children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour
This study takes a child-centred approach to examine the relationship between children's third-place play, parents' perceptions of their neighbourhood environment, and time spent by children in physical activity and sedentary behaviour during weekday out-of-school hours. A total of 1102 children aged 8-13 years from 19 schools across Auckland, New Zealand took part in a public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) survey utilising …
Community use of school grounds outside of school hours
Physical activity in childhood is essential for healthy development and wellbeing and school grounds can provide neighbourhood access to safe play spaces. This study examines the relationship between school demographics (school size, school decile, ethnicity of students and population density) and whether school grounds are open or closed for community use outside school hours. Data were gathered from 391 primary and intermediate schools across T…
Non-disabled privilege in sports and active recreation: Challenging neoliberal ableist attitudes through human rights informed anti-ableism
Despite inclusionary policies in New Zealand, the existing socio-cultural and political systems continue to reinforce non-disabled privilege in the sports and physical activity environment. Bolstered by neoliberal ableist attitudes, concepts and practices, this non-disabled privilege excludes individuals whose bodily capabilities do not fit hypothetical able-bodied norms and standards. This paper explores neoliberal ableist attitudes and practice…
Sociology (21 works) · Psychology (18 works) · Geography (14 works) · Urban Transport and Accessibility (11 works) · Political science (10 works) · Aotearoa (9 works) · Gender Studies (9 works) · Gender Studies (9 works) · Medicine (9 works) · Children's Rights and Participation (8 works)