John N Lavis
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1726368 |
|---|---|
| NOME | John N Lavis |
| PRENOMES | John N |
| SOBRENOME | Lavis |
| ASSINATURA | LAVIS J N |
| AFILIAÇÕES | McMaster University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7917-3657 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 46 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 145 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 46 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2000 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Matching the right study design to decision-maker questions
Research evidence can play an important role in each stage of decision-making, evidence-support systems play a key role in aligning the demand for and supply of evidence. This paper provides guidance on what type of study designs most suitably address questions asked by decision-makers. This study used a two-round online Delphi approach, including methodological experts in different areas, disciplines, and geographic locations. Participants prior…
User-experience testing of an evidence-to-decision framework for selecting essential medicines
Essential medicine lists (EMLs) are important medicine prioritization tools used by the World Health Organization (WHO) EML and over 130 countries. The criteria used by WHO’s Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of Essential Medicines has parallels to the GRADE Evidence-to-Decision (EtD) frameworks. In this study, we explored the EtD frameworks and a visual abstract as adjunctive tools to strengthen the integrate evidence and improve the tra…
A Multilevel Framework for Complex Care
Health systems are poorly equipped to respond to complex health and social needs, which span sectors and diagnoses. This study puts forward a framework for complex care policy. The framework was developed using critical interpretive synthesis, a method for developing theory on the basis of a transparent search and critical analysis of a heterogenous body of the literature. Seventy-three results were included from a systematic search. We suggested…
Time for a new global roadmap for supporting evidence into action
Covid-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has put research evidence and its use in health policy-making under a new spotlight.1 Faced with the need for immediate action, as most recently shown with vaccination roll-out strategies,2 many politicians and other leaders have publicly stressed the need to follow the ‘science’. Scientific advisors and advisory bodies have gained unprecedented visibility. At the same time, the conflicts between researchers/health experts a…
Insights from system leaders about operationalising a knowledge translation department in the Oman Ministry of Health
Background: Oman has prioritised enhanced efforts for supporting evidence-informed policymaking (EIPM), including establishing a knowledge translation department in the Omani Ministry of Health (MOH). Aim and objective: Our aim was to gather insights to guide the process of activating this department. Methods: We conducted a document review and in-depth, semi-structured interviews with policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders who are familiar …
The governmental health policy-development process for Syrian refugees
This study suggests that use of research evidence in the policy-development process for Syrian refugees was subordinate to key political factors, resulting in limited influence of research evidence in the development of both the Lebanese and Ontarian policy
Evidence-informed policymaking and policy innovation in a low-income country
The application of social network analysis to policy networks continues to grow, including the application of social network analysis tools and concepts in order to explain policy outcomes. Gaps in this field of study persist in terms of both policy issues studied, as well as types of polities or networks analysed. This study extends previous research on the role of network structure in shaping policy outcomes by analysing network structure’s eff…
Assessing the influence of knowledge translation platforms on health system policy processes to achieve the health millennium development goals in Cameroon and Uganda
There is a scarcity of empirical data on the influence of initiatives supporting evidence-informed health system policy-making (EIHSP), such as the knowledge translation platforms (KTPs) operating in Africa. To assess whether and how two KTPs housed in government-affiliated institutions in Cameroon and Uganda have influenced: (1) health system policy-making processes and decisions aiming at supporting achievement of the health millennium developm…
Enabling the participation of marginalized populations
We examined efforts to engage marginalized populations in Ontario Community Health Centers (CHCs), which are primary health care organizations serving 74 high-risk communities. Qualitative case studies of community participation in four Ontario CHCs were carried out through key informant interviews with CHC staff to identify: (i) the approaches, strategies and methods used in participation initiatives aimed specifically at engaging marginalized p…
Why do policies change? Institutions, interests, ideas and networks in three cases of policy reform
Policy researchers have used various categories of variables to explain why policies change, including those related to institutions, interests and ideas. Recent research has paid growing attention to the role of policy networks-the actors involved in policy-making, their relationships with each other, and the structure formed by those relationships-in policy reform across settings and issues; however, this literature has largely ignored the theo…
The usefulness of different types of health research
This article explores the perceived value of public health research and the types of research considered useful in Ghana. Sixty-nine decision makers, researchers and stakeholders were interviewed. A broad range of research was highly valued. Two traits were important: an applied, relevant topic and quickly produced findings. Interviewees valued research which explored implementation issues or identified and increased understanding of health probl…
Second Global Symposium on Health Systems Research
Evaluation researchers have confirmed the importance of conference evaluation, but there remains little research on the topic, perhaps in part because evaluation methodology related to conference impact is underdeveloped. We conducted a study evaluating a 4-day long health conference, the Second Global Symposium on Health Systems Research (HSR), which took place in Beijing in November 2012. Using a conference evaluation framework and a mixed-meth…
The value of frameworks as knowledge translation mechanisms to guide community participation practice in Ontario CHCs
Evaluating deliberative dialogues focussed on healthy public policy
Our findings reinforce the promise of deliberative dialogues as a strategy for supporting evidence-informed public health policies. Additional work is needed to understand more about which design elements work in which situations and for different issues, and whether intention to use research evidence is a suitable substitute for measuring actual behaviour change
Evidence-informed health policies in Eastern Mediterranean countries
The objective of this paper is to conduct comparative analysis about the views and practices of policy makers and researchers on the use of health systems evidence in policy making in selected Eastern Mediterranean countries. We analysed data from two self-reported surveys, one targeted at policy makers and the other at researchers. Results show a wide gap between policy makers and researchers when comparing perceptions on factors influencing the…
Health system decision makers’ feedback on summaries and tools supporting the use of systematic reviews
Health system managers and policy makers need timely access to high quality, policy-relevant systematic reviews. Our objectives were to obtain managers’ and policy makers’ feedback about user-friendly summaries of systematic reviews and about tools related to supporting or assessing their use. Our interviews identified that participants prefer key messages up front, such as details regarding background, methods, and applicability, appreciate qual…
Suporte para uso de evidências de pesquisa nas Américas através do "one-stop shop" eletrônico
Desde a publicação do World Report on Knowledge for Better Health em 2004, ocorreu uma transformação no campo da política da saúde e em pesquisa de sistemas, resultando numa ênfase crescente sobre o suporte para evidências de pesquisa no processo decisório. Foi identificada a necessidade de "one-stop shops" eletrônicos abrangentes que facilitem a recuperação oportuna de evidências no processo decisório. O relatório destaca a EVIPNet VHL, um proje…
When can research from one setting be useful in another? Understanding perceptions of the applicability and transferability of research
Determining whether research findings from one setting are relevant to another is complex and poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the factors affecting whether research from other settings was perceived to be of potential use to those working in or researching maternal health in Ghana. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 69 purposively sampled government decision-makers, researchers and other stakeholders working in maternal…
Best Resources for … Evidence-Informed Health Policy Making
Knowledge translation of research findings
BACKGROUND: One of the most consistent findings from clinical and health services research is the failure to translate research into practice and policy. As a result of these evidence-practice and policy gaps, patients fail to benefit optimally from advances in healthcare and are exposed to unnecessary risks of iatrogenic harms, and healthcare systems are exposed to unnecessary expenditure resulting in significant opportunity costs. Over the last…
Labor Force Participation and Health-Related Quality of Life in HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men
Perceptions of the usefulness and use of research conducted in other countries
Semi-structured interviews in Ghana and England explored perceptions of the usefulness and use of foreign research (ie, beyond the original study country) compared to locally conducted research (ie, conducted in Ghana). There was a preference for locally conducted studies, although interviewees generally recognised the potential usefulness of foreign research. Various factors affected whether foreign research was considered useful or used; it was…
Evaluating health systems strengthening interventions in low-income and middle-income countries
In recent years, there have been several calls for rigorous health policy and systems research to inform efforts to strengthen health systems (HS) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including the use of systems thinking concepts in designing and evaluating HS strengthening interventions. The objectives of this paper are to assess recent evaluations of HS strengthening interventions to examine the extent to which they ask a broader set o…
Unemployment and Mortality
Objectives. We examined the relationship between unemployment and mortality in Germany, a coordinated market economy, and the United States, a liberal market economy. Methods. We followed 2 working-age cohorts from the German Socio-economic Panel and the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics from 1984 to 2005. We defined unemployment as unemployed at the time of survey. We used discrete-time survival analysis, adjusting for potential confounders. Res…
Deliberative dialogues as a mechanism for knowledge translation and exchange in health systems decision-making
Income Inequality, Household Income, and Health Status in Canada
Objectives. This study sought to determine whether income inequality, household income, and their interaction are associated with health status. Methods. Income inequality and area income measures were linked to data on household income and individual characteristics from the 1994 Canadian National Population Health Survey and to data on self-reported health status from the 1994, 1996, and 1998 survey waves. Results. Income inequality was not ass…
It all depends
Are we expecting too much from print media? An analysis of newspaper coverage of the 2002 Canadian healthcare reform debate
Research use in children's mental health policy in Canada
Why do policies change? Institutions, interests, ideas and networks in three cases of policy reform
Policy researchers have used various categories of variables to explain why policies change, including those related to institutions, interests and ideas. Recent research has paid growing attention to the role of policy networks-the actors involved in policy-making, their relationships with each other, and the structure formed by those relationships-in policy reform across settings and issues; however, this literature has largely ignored the theo…
Evaluating health systems strengthening interventions in low-income and middle-income countries
In recent years, there have been several calls for rigorous health policy and systems research to inform efforts to strengthen health systems (HS) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including the use of systems thinking concepts in designing and evaluating HS strengthening interventions. The objectives of this paper are to assess recent evaluations of HS strengthening interventions to examine the extent to which they ask a broader set o…
Correlates of consulting research evidence among policy analysts in government ministries
This large cross-sectional survey of policy analysts working in Quebec ministries (Canada) shows that direct interactions with academic researchers are among the most significant correlates of the consultation of scientific articles, academic research reports and academic books/chapters, but by very little compared to other correlates such as reported access to electronic bibliographic databases, training type, continuing professional development…
Is position in the occupational hierarchy a determinant of decline in perceived health status
Policy development in malaria vector management in Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe
INTRODUCTION: Indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), two principal malaria control strategies, are similar in cost and efficacy. We aimed to describe recent policy development regarding their use in Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe. METHODS: Using a qualitative case study methodology, we undertook semi-structured interviews of key informants from May 2004 to March 2005, carried out document reviews and developed …
Unemployment and Mortality
Objectives. We examined the relationship between unemployment and mortality in Germany, a coordinated market economy, and the United States, a liberal market economy. Methods. We followed 2 working-age cohorts from the German Socio-economic Panel and the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics from 1984 to 2005. We defined unemployment as unemployed at the time of survey. We used discrete-time survival analysis, adjusting for potential confounders. Res…
Do Canadian Civil Servants Care About the Health of Populations
Objectives. This article describes Canadian civil servants’ awareness of, attitudes toward, and self-reported use of ideas about the determinants of health. Methods. Federal and provincial civil servants in departments of finance, labor, social services, and health were surveyed. Results. With civil servants in finance departments a notable exception, most Canadian civil servants see the health of populations as a relevant outcome for their secto…
Perceptions of the usefulness and use of research conducted in other countries
Semi-structured interviews in Ghana and England explored perceptions of the usefulness and use of foreign research (ie, beyond the original study country) compared to locally conducted research (ie, conducted in Ghana). There was a preference for locally conducted studies, although interviewees generally recognised the potential usefulness of foreign research. Various factors affected whether foreign research was considered useful or used; it was…
Evidence-informed policymaking and policy innovation in a low-income country
The application of social network analysis to policy networks continues to grow, including the application of social network analysis tools and concepts in order to explain policy outcomes. Gaps in this field of study persist in terms of both policy issues studied, as well as types of polities or networks analysed. This study extends previous research on the role of network structure in shaping policy outcomes by analysing network structure’s eff…
Employment status is associated with both physical and mental health quality of life in people living with HIV
To evaluate the relationship between employment status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in HIV/AIDS. A total of 361 participants provided baseline data in the context of an ongoing cohort study examining the natural history of neurobehavioral functioning and its effects on HRQOL. We administered tests and collected laboratory data to determine demographic status, HIV disease markers, psychosocial symptom burden, neurocognitive function …
Work-Related Population Health Indicators
Assessing the influence of knowledge translation platforms on health system policy processes to achieve the health millennium development goals in Cameroon and Uganda
There is a scarcity of empirical data on the influence of initiatives supporting evidence-informed health system policy-making (EIHSP), such as the knowledge translation platforms (KTPs) operating in Africa. To assess whether and how two KTPs housed in government-affiliated institutions in Cameroon and Uganda have influenced: (1) health system policy-making processes and decisions aiming at supporting achievement of the health millennium developm…
The value of frameworks as knowledge translation mechanisms to guide community participation practice in Ontario CHCs
Community-based organisations and how to support their use of systematic reviews
Unlike for other health system stakeholders, there have been few visible efforts to support the use of research evidence in community-based organisations (CBOs). To begin to address this gap, we conducted focus groups and interviews with executive directors and programme managers of CBOs from the HIV/AIDS, diabetes and mental health and addictions sectors to examine their roles in health systems, their views about and experiences with research ev…
What Is the Evidence for Parenting Interventions Offered in a Canadian Community
Disability Expenditures in Canada, 1970-1996
Michele Campolieti, John N. Lavis, Disability Expenditures in Canada, 1970-1996: Trends, Reform Efforts and a Path for the Future, Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 26, No. 2 (Jun., 2000), pp. 241-264
Disability Expenditures in Canada, 1970-1996
Michele Campolieti, John N. Lavis, Disability Expenditures in Canada, 1970-1996: Trends, Reform Efforts and a Path for the Future, Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 26, No. 2 (Jun., 2000), pp. 241-264
Work-Related Population Health Indicators
Examining the Role of Health Services Research in Public Policymaking
Conceptual, methodological, and practical issues await those who seek to understand how to make better use of health services research in developing public policy. Some policies and some policymaking processes may lend themselves particularly well to being informed by research. Different conclusions about the extent to which policymaking is informed by research may arise from different views about what constitutes health services research (is it …
How Can Research Organizations More Effectively Transfer Research Knowledge to Decision Makers?
A pplied research organizations invest a great deal of time, and research funders invest a great deal of money generating and (one hopes) transferring research knowledge that could inform decisions about health and health care. Basing these knowledge‐transfer activities on our evolving understanding of the most effective approaches to knowledge transfer will help us achieve value for money in our individual and collective investments in health se…
With health comes work? People living with HIV/Aids consider returning to work
Many people living with HIV/AIDS (PHAs) ham experienced significant improvements in their health over the last few years, to the point that many are considering returning to work. The objectives of this study were to develop a model of return to work which could apply to chronic illnesses with a fluctuating or uncertain course. Issues related to health, work and return to work were explored using in-depth interviews with 20 PHAs in Toronto, Canad…
Is There a Gradient in Life Span by Position in the Social Hierarchy
were coronary artery disease (33%), cancer (25%), stroke (10%), pneumonia (8%), Alzheimer’s dementia (4%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (4%). Of the 23 deaths from cancer, the most common sites were lung (24%), gastrointestinal (17%), hematological (17%), and genitourinary (13%). Six (7%) senators died from suicide, homicide, or airplane crashes. DISCUSSION
Do Canadian Civil Servants Care About the Health of Populations
Objectives. This article describes Canadian civil servants’ awareness of, attitudes toward, and self-reported use of ideas about the determinants of health. Methods. Federal and provincial civil servants in departments of finance, labor, social services, and health were surveyed. Results. With civil servants in finance departments a notable exception, most Canadian civil servants see the health of populations as a relevant outcome for their secto…
Income Inequality, Household Income, and Health Status in Canada
Objectives. This study sought to determine whether income inequality, household income, and their interaction are associated with health status. Methods. Income inequality and area income measures were linked to data on household income and individual characteristics from the 1994 Canadian National Population Health Survey and to data on self-reported health status from the 1994, 1996, and 1998 survey waves. Results. Income inequality was not ass…
Is position in the occupational hierarchy a determinant of decline in perceived health status
Research use in children's mental health policy in Canada
What Is the Evidence for Parenting Interventions Offered in a Canadian Community
Are we expecting too much from print media? An analysis of newspaper coverage of the 2002 Canadian healthcare reform debate
Balancing rigour and relevance
English We investigated researchers’ experiences of, and views on, interacting with policy makers, using children’s mental health as an example. Qualitative methods were used to interview university researchers, policy researchers, and research funders. Participants spoke of contributions to policy that went beyond interaction with policy makers. We describe how participants became motivated, developed approaches, and created new environments to …
Sustainability science
Do Provincial Drug Benefit Initiatives Create an Effective Policy Lab? The Evidence from Canada
Although the costs of doctors' visits and hospital stays in Canada are covered by national public health insurance, the cost of outpatient prescription drugs is not. To solve problems of access, Canadian provinces have introduced provincial prescription drug benefit programs. This study analyzes the prescription drug policymaking process in five Canadian provinces between 1992 and 2004 with a view to (1) determining the federal government's role …
Correlates of consulting research evidence among policy analysts in government ministries
This large cross-sectional survey of policy analysts working in Quebec ministries (Canada) shows that direct interactions with academic researchers are among the most significant correlates of the consultation of scientific articles, academic research reports and academic books/chapters, but by very little compared to other correlates such as reported access to electronic bibliographic databases, training type, continuing professional development…
Policy development in malaria vector management in Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe
INTRODUCTION: Indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), two principal malaria control strategies, are similar in cost and efficacy. We aimed to describe recent policy development regarding their use in Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe. METHODS: Using a qualitative case study methodology, we undertook semi-structured interviews of key informants from May 2004 to March 2005, carried out document reviews and developed …
It all depends
Community-based organisations and how to support their use of systematic reviews
Unlike for other health system stakeholders, there have been few visible efforts to support the use of research evidence in community-based organisations (CBOs). To begin to address this gap, we conducted focus groups and interviews with executive directors and programme managers of CBOs from the HIV/AIDS, diabetes and mental health and addictions sectors to examine their roles in health systems, their views about and experiences with research ev…
Employment status is associated with both physical and mental health quality of life in people living with HIV
To evaluate the relationship between employment status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in HIV/AIDS. A total of 361 participants provided baseline data in the context of an ongoing cohort study examining the natural history of neurobehavioral functioning and its effects on HRQOL. We administered tests and collected laboratory data to determine demographic status, HIV disease markers, psychosocial symptom burden, neurocognitive function …
Knowledge translation of research findings
BACKGROUND: One of the most consistent findings from clinical and health services research is the failure to translate research into practice and policy. As a result of these evidence-practice and policy gaps, patients fail to benefit optimally from advances in healthcare and are exposed to unnecessary risks of iatrogenic harms, and healthcare systems are exposed to unnecessary expenditure resulting in significant opportunity costs. Over the last…
Labor Force Participation and Health-Related Quality of Life in HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men
Perceptions of the usefulness and use of research conducted in other countries
Semi-structured interviews in Ghana and England explored perceptions of the usefulness and use of foreign research (ie, beyond the original study country) compared to locally conducted research (ie, conducted in Ghana). There was a preference for locally conducted studies, although interviewees generally recognised the potential usefulness of foreign research. Various factors affected whether foreign research was considered useful or used; it was…
Evaluating health systems strengthening interventions in low-income and middle-income countries
In recent years, there have been several calls for rigorous health policy and systems research to inform efforts to strengthen health systems (HS) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including the use of systems thinking concepts in designing and evaluating HS strengthening interventions. The objectives of this paper are to assess recent evaluations of HS strengthening interventions to examine the extent to which they ask a broader set o…
Unemployment and Mortality
Objectives. We examined the relationship between unemployment and mortality in Germany, a coordinated market economy, and the United States, a liberal market economy. Methods. We followed 2 working-age cohorts from the German Socio-economic Panel and the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics from 1984 to 2005. We defined unemployment as unemployed at the time of survey. We used discrete-time survival analysis, adjusting for potential confounders. Res…
Political science (33 obras) · Medicine (27 obras) · Computer Science (23 obras) · Psychology (20 obras) · Public relations (20 obras) · Sociology (19 obras) · Business (16 obras) · Economics (15 obras) · Health Policy Implementation Science (15 obras) · Knowledge management (15 obras)