Andrew M Parker
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 173082 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Andrew M Parker |
| PRENOMES | Andrew M |
| SOBRENOME | Parker |
| ASSINATURA | PARKER A M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | RAND Corporation |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7511-0894 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 32 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 124 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 32 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2000 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Capturing Adults' Familiarity With Financial Fraud
According to the Federal Trade Commission, consumers lost $12.8 billion to fraud in 2024, with actual losses estimated to be as high as $196 billion. Research on financial fraud knowledge is scant, limiting development of effective protection tools. Using RAND's American Life Panel, 1,509 respondents (ages 21–90) listed up to five fraud schemes and tactics. We explore respondents' conceptualizations of fraud types through the freelisting techniqu…
The Patient Experience Divide
BACKGROUND: Income is closely linked to morbidity and mortality in the United States, potentially due in part to differences in patient experience. However, existing studies on income and care experiences are outdated and have other important limitations. METHODS: Using data from a recent national sample of adults (N=5016), we conducted a mixed-methods investigation of the relationship between income and primary care experiences. Patient experien…
Covid-19 disruption to routine behaviours and effects on mental health
The SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has had enormous psychological and economic impacts around the globe. Early responses to the pandemic, including different forms of quarantine and social/physical distancing led to new workforce, educational, and mobility patterns. Such changes placed many people at greater risk of poor mental health. Maintenance of behavioural routines may buffer the impacts of stress on mental health. However, relationships be…
Disrupted and Disconnected Post Disaster
Loneliness, a significant public health issue, was exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in disaster-prone regions like the U.S. Gulf Coast. This study examined how social and built environmental factors were associated with pandemic-related disruptions and loneliness among respondents from the third wave of the Survey of Trauma, Resilience, and Opportunity among Neighborhoods in the Gulf (STRONG). Using a retrospective measure o…
Older Age Is Associated with Fewer Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Following Extreme Weather Adversity
Climate change is associated with an increase in the frequency of extreme weather that threatens emotional well-being, with some research pointing to increased vulnerability among older adults. We investigated how age relates to depression and anxiety following adversities due to extreme weather or natural disaster. Socioemotional selectivity theory (SST) posits that older age buffers against emotional distress. The strength and vulnerability int…
Longitudinal associations between parenting practices and children’s later decision-making competence
Developmental research has suggested that certain parenting practices impact the development of children's later risk behaviours. However, little evidence exists regarding how parenting may impact a child's actual decision-making skills later in life. This study examined the degree to which earlier child-reports of parenting practices (assessed at age 10-12 and at 12-14), specifically monitoring/involvement, firm/lax control, and psychological co…
Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Confidence in Knowledge
A cursory read of the popular press and the JDM research field suggest that they have very different beliefs regarding the consequences of confidence. And these beliefs have important consequences themselves. For individuals, how one views the consequences of confidence (and whether they are positive or negative) likely influences the extent to which one pursues the development of confidence and how one interprets confidence in others. For JDM re…
Influencing Confidence
This paper examines approaches for influencing people's confidence in their knowledge without influencing knowledge. Three studies examined the relative effectiveness of training and false feedback approaches. Participants chose which of two IKEA products they thought was more expensive and indicated their confidence in that judgment for 50 product pairs. In Study 1, participants took part in one of five conditions designed to manipulate their co…
An Initial Methodology for Evaluating Social Equity Performance in Disaster Mitigation Grants
Some U.S. communities, such as low-income or minority communities, are disproportionately affected by escalating natural disasters. The authors explore initial steps toward a methodology that can be used by the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) grant program to both communicate the pathway to building community resilience in an equitable way and track the program's progress toward participation and success in the BRIC progr…
Reciprocal relationships among influenza experiences, perceptions, and behavior
Belief correlations with parental vaccine hesitancy
We conducted a nationally representative survey of parents' beliefs and self-reported behaviors regarding childhood vaccinations. Using Bayesian selection among multivariate models, we found that beliefs, even those without any vaccine or health content, predicted vaccine-hesitant behaviors better than demographics, social network effects, or scientific reasoning. The multivariate structure of beliefs combined many types of ideation that included…
Health Disparities in the U.S. Gulf Coast
We study the interrelationships between health, residential segregation, and disaster-related material losses (income loss, job loss, economic/property damages) due to the worst ever man-made disaster of its kind, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DHOS). Social, economic, and health consequences of the DHOS disaster were assessed in the Survey of Trauma, Resilience, and Opportunity among Neighborhoods in the Gulf, a population-representative study…
Using an Agent-based Model to Examine Deimplementation of Breast Cancer Screening
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the potential impact of provider social networks and experiences with patients on deimplementation of breast cancer screening. RESEARCH DESIGN: We constructed the Breast Cancer-Social network Agent-based Model (BC-SAM), which depicts breast cancer screening decisions, incidence, and progression among 10,000 women ages 40 and over and the screening recommendations of their providers over a 30-y…
Mental associations with Covid-19 and how they relate with self-reported protective behaviors
Age differences in reported social networks and well-being.
Social networks can consist of close friends, family members, and neighbors as well as peripheral others. Studies of social networks and associations with well-being have mostly focused on age-restricted samples of older adults or specific geographic areas, thus limiting their generalizability. We analyzed 2 online surveys conducted with RAND's American Life Panel, a national adult life span sample recruited through multiple probability-based app…
Building Community Resilience to Large Oil Spills
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill was the largest in U.S. history, releasing an estimated 4.9 million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. In this report, the authors explore how communities, government officials, nongovernmental organizations, businesses, and scientists can build community resilience to large oil spills
Advancing community resilience research and practice
Research and practice aimed at enhancing community resilience to disasters such as hurricanes have focused primarily on the survival of individuals and the development of social capital and networks. Less consideration has been given to the dynamics of social-ecological conditions that can govern post-disaster outcomes. This article provides a rationale for moving research and practice towards an adaptive systems framework, drawing on the cascadi…
Distinguishing the Ratio Bias from Unsystematic Error
People often perceive the occurrence of events to be less likely when the likelihood of the event is expressed in ratios consisting of smaller numbers versus larger numbers, an effect known as the ratio bias. This work presents a theoretical framework for the conditions that need to be met for the ratio bias to occur. In doing so, we contrast effects on the ratio bias to those on unsystematic error, which have often been confounded in previous re…
Cognitive Ability, Personality, and Pathways to Retirement
This article describes an exploratory study that investigates the extent to which two sets of psychological factors, fluid cognitive ability and personality traits, predict late-in-life work and retirement outcomes. Using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study, we first provide a detailed characterization of within-subject work-to-retirement pathways, spanning 14 years of data for each individual, and identify the most frequent pa…
Taking the Biggest First
We discuss "taking the biggest first" preferences in light of prior mixed findings on age differences in sequence preferences. We highlight the distinct roles of experience- and emotion-based decision-making processes. We propose applications to financial and health-care settings
Robustness of Decision‐Making Competence
Decision-making competence is the ability to follow normative principles when making decisions. In a longitudinal analysis, we examine the robustness of decision-making competence over time, as measured by two batteries of paper-and-pencil tasks. Participants completed the youth version (Y-DMC) at age 19 and/or the adult version (A-DMC) eleven years later at age 30, as part of a larger longitudinal study. Both measures are comprised of tasks adap…
Understanding scientists’ computational modeling decisions about climate risk management strategies using values-informed mental models
Late‐life Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Attempted Suicide
Suicide rates are highest in adults of middle and older age. Research with psychiatric patients has shown that proneness to feel regret about past decisions can grow so intense that suicide becomes a tempting escape. Here, we examine the additional role of individual differences in maximizing, or the tendency to strive for the best decision, rather than one that is good enough. We provided individual-differences measures of maximizing, regret pro…
Unraveling the Aging Skein
Age‐related differences in sensory functioning, processing speed, and working memory have been identified as three significant predictors of the age‐related performance decline observed in complex cognitive tasks. Yet, the assessment of their relative predictive capacity and interrelations is still an open issue in decision making and cognitive aging research. Indeed, no previous investigation has examined the relationships of all these three pre…
Social Network Effects of Nonlifesaving Early-Stage Breast Cancer Detection on Mammography Rates
Objectives. We estimated the effect of anecdotes of early-stage, screen-detected cancer for which screening was not lifesaving on the demand for mammography. Methods. We constructed an agent-based model of mammography decisions, in which 10 000 agents that represent women aged 40 to 100 years were linked together on a social network, which was parameterized with a survey of 716 women conducted through the RAND American Life Panel. Our model repre…
Teen Expectations for Significant Life Events
Journal Article Teen Expectations for Significant Life Events Get access BARUCH FISCHHOFF, BARUCH FISCHHOFF Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ANDREW M. PARKER, ANDREW M. PARKER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar WÄNDI BRUINE DE BRUIN, WÄNDI BRUINE DE BRUIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JULIE DOWNS, JULIE DOWNS Search for other w…
Individual differences in adult decision-making competence
The authors evaluated the reliability and validity of a set of 7 behavioral decision-making tasks, measuring different aspects of the decision-making process. The tasks were administered to individuals from diverse populations. Participants showed relatively consistent performance within and across the 7 tasks, which were then aggregated into an Adult Decision-Making Competence (A-DMC) index that showed good reliability. The validity of the 7 tas…
Decision‐making competence
This study asks to what extent (a) individuals show consistent performance differences across typical behavioral decision‐making tasks, and (b) how those differences correlate with plausible real‐world correlates of good decision making. Seven tasks, chosen to span the domain of decision‐making skills, were administered to participants in an ongoing longitudinal study providing extensive social, psychological, and behavioral measures. Performance…
Inappropriate Confidence and Retirement Planning
Financial decisions about investing and saving for retirement are increasingly complex, requiring financial knowledge and confidence in that knowledge. Few studies have examined whether direct assessments of individuals' confidence are related to the outcomes of their financial decisions. Here, we analyzed data from a national sample recruited through RAND's American Life Panel (ALP), an internet panel of U.S. adults aged 18 to 88. We examined th…
Explaining adult age differences in decision‐making competence
Studies on aging‐related changes in decision making report mixed results. Some decision‐making skills decline with age, while others remain unchanged or improve. Because fluid cognitive ability (e.g., reasoning, problem solving) deteriorates with age, older adults should perform worse on decision‐making tasks that tap fluid cognitive ability. However, performance on some decision‐making tasks may require experience, which increases with age. On t…
Identifying the Effects of Unjustified Confidence versus Overconfidence
One of the most common findings in behavioral decision research is that people have unrealistic beliefs about how much they know. However, demonstrating that misplaced confidence exists does not necessarily mean that there are costs to it. This paper contrasts two approaches toward answering whether misplaced confidence is good or bad, which we have labeled the overconfidence and unjustified confidence approach. We first consider conceptual and a…
Belief correlations with parental vaccine hesitancy
We conducted a nationally representative survey of parents' beliefs and self-reported behaviors regarding childhood vaccinations. Using Bayesian selection among multivariate models, we found that beliefs, even those without any vaccine or health content, predicted vaccine-hesitant behaviors better than demographics, social network effects, or scientific reasoning. The multivariate structure of beliefs combined many types of ideation that included…
Unraveling the Aging Skein
Age‐related differences in sensory functioning, processing speed, and working memory have been identified as three significant predictors of the age‐related performance decline observed in complex cognitive tasks. Yet, the assessment of their relative predictive capacity and interrelations is still an open issue in decision making and cognitive aging research. Indeed, no previous investigation has examined the relationships of all these three pre…
Social Network Effects of Nonlifesaving Early-Stage Breast Cancer Detection on Mammography Rates
Objectives. We estimated the effect of anecdotes of early-stage, screen-detected cancer for which screening was not lifesaving on the demand for mammography. Methods. We constructed an agent-based model of mammography decisions, in which 10 000 agents that represent women aged 40 to 100 years were linked together on a social network, which was parameterized with a survey of 716 women conducted through the RAND American Life Panel. Our model repre…
Distinguishing the Ratio Bias from Unsystematic Error
People often perceive the occurrence of events to be less likely when the likelihood of the event is expressed in ratios consisting of smaller numbers versus larger numbers, an effect known as the ratio bias. This work presents a theoretical framework for the conditions that need to be met for the ratio bias to occur. In doing so, we contrast effects on the ratio bias to those on unsystematic error, which have often been confounded in previous re…
Robustness of Decision‐Making Competence
Decision-making competence is the ability to follow normative principles when making decisions. In a longitudinal analysis, we examine the robustness of decision-making competence over time, as measured by two batteries of paper-and-pencil tasks. Participants completed the youth version (Y-DMC) at age 19 and/or the adult version (A-DMC) eleven years later at age 30, as part of a larger longitudinal study. Both measures are comprised of tasks adap…
Understanding scientists’ computational modeling decisions about climate risk management strategies using values-informed mental models
Late‐life Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Attempted Suicide
Suicide rates are highest in adults of middle and older age. Research with psychiatric patients has shown that proneness to feel regret about past decisions can grow so intense that suicide becomes a tempting escape. Here, we examine the additional role of individual differences in maximizing, or the tendency to strive for the best decision, rather than one that is good enough. We provided individual-differences measures of maximizing, regret pro…
Trends in Risk Perceptions and Vaccination Intentions
Objectives. We sought to evaluate longitudinal trends in people’s risk perceptions and vaccination intentions during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Methods. We used data from 10 waves of a US national survey focusing on the H1N1 pandemic (administered between May 2009 and January 2010) to conduct a longitudinal analysis of adult respondents’ risk perceptions and vaccination intentions. Results. Self-reported perceived risk of becoming infected with H1N1…
Cognitive Ability, Personality, and Pathways to Retirement
This article describes an exploratory study that investigates the extent to which two sets of psychological factors, fluid cognitive ability and personality traits, predict late-in-life work and retirement outcomes. Using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study, we first provide a detailed characterization of within-subject work-to-retirement pathways, spanning 14 years of data for each individual, and identify the most frequent pa…
Taking the Biggest First
We discuss "taking the biggest first" preferences in light of prior mixed findings on age differences in sequence preferences. We highlight the distinct roles of experience- and emotion-based decision-making processes. We propose applications to financial and health-care settings
Mental associations with Covid-19 and how they relate with self-reported protective behaviors
Teen Expectations for Significant Life Events
Journal Article Teen Expectations for Significant Life Events Get access BARUCH FISCHHOFF, BARUCH FISCHHOFF Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ANDREW M. PARKER, ANDREW M. PARKER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar WÄNDI BRUINE DE BRUIN, WÄNDI BRUINE DE BRUIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JULIE DOWNS, JULIE DOWNS Search for other w…
Decision‐making competence
This study asks to what extent (a) individuals show consistent performance differences across typical behavioral decision‐making tasks, and (b) how those differences correlate with plausible real‐world correlates of good decision making. Seven tasks, chosen to span the domain of decision‐making skills, were administered to participants in an ongoing longitudinal study providing extensive social, psychological, and behavioral measures. Performance…
Individual differences in adult decision-making competence
The authors evaluated the reliability and validity of a set of 7 behavioral decision-making tasks, measuring different aspects of the decision-making process. The tasks were administered to individuals from diverse populations. Participants showed relatively consistent performance within and across the 7 tasks, which were then aggregated into an Adult Decision-Making Competence (A-DMC) index that showed good reliability. The validity of the 7 tas…
Explaining adult age differences in decision‐making competence
Studies on aging‐related changes in decision making report mixed results. Some decision‐making skills decline with age, while others remain unchanged or improve. Because fluid cognitive ability (e.g., reasoning, problem solving) deteriorates with age, older adults should perform worse on decision‐making tasks that tap fluid cognitive ability. However, performance on some decision‐making tasks may require experience, which increases with age. On t…
Inappropriate Confidence and Retirement Planning
Financial decisions about investing and saving for retirement are increasingly complex, requiring financial knowledge and confidence in that knowledge. Few studies have examined whether direct assessments of individuals' confidence are related to the outcomes of their financial decisions. Here, we analyzed data from a national sample recruited through RAND's American Life Panel (ALP), an internet panel of U.S. adults aged 18 to 88. We examined th…
Trends in Risk Perceptions and Vaccination Intentions
Objectives. We sought to evaluate longitudinal trends in people’s risk perceptions and vaccination intentions during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Methods. We used data from 10 waves of a US national survey focusing on the H1N1 pandemic (administered between May 2009 and January 2010) to conduct a longitudinal analysis of adult respondents’ risk perceptions and vaccination intentions. Results. Self-reported perceived risk of becoming infected with H1N1…
Identifying the Effects of Unjustified Confidence versus Overconfidence
One of the most common findings in behavioral decision research is that people have unrealistic beliefs about how much they know. However, demonstrating that misplaced confidence exists does not necessarily mean that there are costs to it. This paper contrasts two approaches toward answering whether misplaced confidence is good or bad, which we have labeled the overconfidence and unjustified confidence approach. We first consider conceptual and a…
Social Network Effects of Nonlifesaving Early-Stage Breast Cancer Detection on Mammography Rates
Objectives. We estimated the effect of anecdotes of early-stage, screen-detected cancer for which screening was not lifesaving on the demand for mammography. Methods. We constructed an agent-based model of mammography decisions, in which 10 000 agents that represent women aged 40 to 100 years were linked together on a social network, which was parameterized with a survey of 716 women conducted through the RAND American Life Panel. Our model repre…
Late‐life Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Attempted Suicide
Suicide rates are highest in adults of middle and older age. Research with psychiatric patients has shown that proneness to feel regret about past decisions can grow so intense that suicide becomes a tempting escape. Here, we examine the additional role of individual differences in maximizing, or the tendency to strive for the best decision, rather than one that is good enough. We provided individual-differences measures of maximizing, regret pro…
Unraveling the Aging Skein
Age‐related differences in sensory functioning, processing speed, and working memory have been identified as three significant predictors of the age‐related performance decline observed in complex cognitive tasks. Yet, the assessment of their relative predictive capacity and interrelations is still an open issue in decision making and cognitive aging research. Indeed, no previous investigation has examined the relationships of all these three pre…
Understanding scientists’ computational modeling decisions about climate risk management strategies using values-informed mental models
Cognitive Ability, Personality, and Pathways to Retirement
This article describes an exploratory study that investigates the extent to which two sets of psychological factors, fluid cognitive ability and personality traits, predict late-in-life work and retirement outcomes. Using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study, we first provide a detailed characterization of within-subject work-to-retirement pathways, spanning 14 years of data for each individual, and identify the most frequent pa…
Taking the Biggest First
We discuss "taking the biggest first" preferences in light of prior mixed findings on age differences in sequence preferences. We highlight the distinct roles of experience- and emotion-based decision-making processes. We propose applications to financial and health-care settings
Robustness of Decision‐Making Competence
Decision-making competence is the ability to follow normative principles when making decisions. In a longitudinal analysis, we examine the robustness of decision-making competence over time, as measured by two batteries of paper-and-pencil tasks. Participants completed the youth version (Y-DMC) at age 19 and/or the adult version (A-DMC) eleven years later at age 30, as part of a larger longitudinal study. Both measures are comprised of tasks adap…
Distinguishing the Ratio Bias from Unsystematic Error
People often perceive the occurrence of events to be less likely when the likelihood of the event is expressed in ratios consisting of smaller numbers versus larger numbers, an effect known as the ratio bias. This work presents a theoretical framework for the conditions that need to be met for the ratio bias to occur. In doing so, we contrast effects on the ratio bias to those on unsystematic error, which have often been confounded in previous re…
Advancing community resilience research and practice
Research and practice aimed at enhancing community resilience to disasters such as hurricanes have focused primarily on the survival of individuals and the development of social capital and networks. Less consideration has been given to the dynamics of social-ecological conditions that can govern post-disaster outcomes. This article provides a rationale for moving research and practice towards an adaptive systems framework, drawing on the cascadi…
Age differences in reported social networks and well-being.
Social networks can consist of close friends, family members, and neighbors as well as peripheral others. Studies of social networks and associations with well-being have mostly focused on age-restricted samples of older adults or specific geographic areas, thus limiting their generalizability. We analyzed 2 online surveys conducted with RAND's American Life Panel, a national adult life span sample recruited through multiple probability-based app…
Building Community Resilience to Large Oil Spills
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill was the largest in U.S. history, releasing an estimated 4.9 million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. In this report, the authors explore how communities, government officials, nongovernmental organizations, businesses, and scientists can build community resilience to large oil spills
Health Disparities in the U.S. Gulf Coast
We study the interrelationships between health, residential segregation, and disaster-related material losses (income loss, job loss, economic/property damages) due to the worst ever man-made disaster of its kind, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DHOS). Social, economic, and health consequences of the DHOS disaster were assessed in the Survey of Trauma, Resilience, and Opportunity among Neighborhoods in the Gulf, a population-representative study…
Using an Agent-based Model to Examine Deimplementation of Breast Cancer Screening
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the potential impact of provider social networks and experiences with patients on deimplementation of breast cancer screening. RESEARCH DESIGN: We constructed the Breast Cancer-Social network Agent-based Model (BC-SAM), which depicts breast cancer screening decisions, incidence, and progression among 10,000 women ages 40 and over and the screening recommendations of their providers over a 30-y…
Mental associations with Covid-19 and how they relate with self-reported protective behaviors
Reciprocal relationships among influenza experiences, perceptions, and behavior
Belief correlations with parental vaccine hesitancy
We conducted a nationally representative survey of parents' beliefs and self-reported behaviors regarding childhood vaccinations. Using Bayesian selection among multivariate models, we found that beliefs, even those without any vaccine or health content, predicted vaccine-hesitant behaviors better than demographics, social network effects, or scientific reasoning. The multivariate structure of beliefs combined many types of ideation that included…
An Initial Methodology for Evaluating Social Equity Performance in Disaster Mitigation Grants
Some U.S. communities, such as low-income or minority communities, are disproportionately affected by escalating natural disasters. The authors explore initial steps toward a methodology that can be used by the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) grant program to both communicate the pathway to building community resilience in an equitable way and track the program's progress toward participation and success in the BRIC progr…
Covid-19 disruption to routine behaviours and effects on mental health
The SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has had enormous psychological and economic impacts around the globe. Early responses to the pandemic, including different forms of quarantine and social/physical distancing led to new workforce, educational, and mobility patterns. Such changes placed many people at greater risk of poor mental health. Maintenance of behavioural routines may buffer the impacts of stress on mental health. However, relationships be…
Psychology (22 obras) · Medicine (11 obras) · Computer Science (10 obras) · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics (10 obras) · Social Psychology (9 obras) · Social Psychology (8 obras) · Demography (7 obras) · Economics (7 obras) · Cognitive psychology (6 obras) · Environmental health (6 obras)