Ramnath Subbaraman
Biographic Data
| ID | 1737630 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ramnath Subbaraman |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ramnath |
| FAMILY NAME | Subbaraman |
| SIGNATURE | SUBBARAMAN R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Tufts University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2063-943X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 58 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 13 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Contextual factors influencing implementation of tuberculosis digital adherence technologies
INTRODUCTION: Digital adherence technologies (DATs) may enable person-centred tuberculosis (TB) treatment monitoring; however, implementation challenges may undermine their effectiveness. Using the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance framework, we conducted a scoping review to identify contextual factors informing 'reach' (DAT engagement by people with TB) and 'adoption' (DAT uptake by healthcare providers or clinics). …
Implementation outcomes of tuberculosis digital adherence technologies
INTRODUCTION: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious causes of death, with 1.3 million deaths. Digital adherence technologies (DATs) have the potential to provide person-centred care and improve outcomes. Using the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, we conducted a scoping review of DAT implementations for TB treatment. METHODS: We searched seven databases for papers publis…
The performance of digital technologies for measuring tuberculosis medication adherence
Cost and cost-effectiveness of digital technologies for support of tuberculosis treatment adherence
Spatializing stigma-power
In disadvantaged neighborhoods such as informal settlements (or “slums” in the Indian context), infrastructural deficits and social conditions have been associated with residents’ poor mental health. Within social determinants of health framework, spatial stigma, or negative portrayal and stereotyping of particular neighborhoods, has been identified as a contributor to health deficits, but remains under-examined in public health research and may …
Divided infrastructure
Inadequate water access is central to the experience of urban inequality across low- and middle-income countries and leads to adverse health and social outcomes. Previous literature on water inequality in Mumbai, India's second largest city, offers diverse explanations for water disparities between and within slums. (1) This study provides new insights on water disparities in Mumbai's slums by evaluating the influence of legal status on water acc…
Can digital adherence technologies reduce inequity in tuberculosis treatment success? Evidence from a randomised controlled trial
INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health emergency and low treatment adherence among patients is a major barrier to ending the TB epidemic. The WHO promotes digital adherence technologies (DATs) as facilitators for improving treatment adherence in resource-limited settings. However, limited research has investigated whether DATs improve outcomes for high-risk patients (ie, those with a high probability of an unsuccessful outcome), leadi…
Humane shelter at home
box The devastating second wave of India’s COVID-19 pandemic has understandably provoked international outcry to accelerate vaccine rollout in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). The global vaccine rollout is indeed paramount and represents the most promising path out of this pandemic. At the same time, India’s second wave shows that vaccine distribution may not happen fast enough to avert catastrophic COVID-19 surges in LMICs. As in …
Understanding pretreatment loss to follow-up of tuberculosis patients
Introduction: Pretreatment loss to follow-up (PTLFU)-dropout of patients after diagnosis but before treatment registration-is a major gap in tuberculosis (TB) care in India and globally. Patient and healthcare worker (HCW) perspectives are critical for developing interventions to reduce PTLFU. Methods: We tracked smear-positive TB patients diagnosed via sputum microscopy from 22 diagnostic centres in Chennai, one of India's largest cities. Patien…
The psychological toll of slum living in Mumbai, India
The social ecology of water in a Mumbai slum
Our findings reveal severe deficiencies in water-related health and social equity indicators. All bacterial contamination of drinking water occurred due to post-source contamination during storage in the household, except during the monsoon season, when there was some point-of-source water contamination. This suggests that safe storage and household water treatment interventions may improve water quality in slums. Problems of exorbitant expense, …
Off the map
Approximately half of all slums in India are not recognized by the government. Lack of government recognition, also referred to as "non-notified status" in the Indian context, may create entrenched barriers to legal rights and basic services such as water, sanitation, and security of tenure. In this paper, we explore the relationship between non-notified status and health outcomes in Kaula Bandar (KB), a slum in Mumbai, India. We illuminate this …
Domestic Violence and Forced Sex Among the Urban Poor in South India
This article examined the prevalence of physical and sexual violence among 1,974 married women from 40 low-income communities in Chennai, India. The authors found a 99% and 75% lifetime prevalence of physical abuse and forced sex, respectively, whereas 65% of women experienced more than five episodes of physical abuse in the 3 months preceding the survey. Factors associated with violence after multivariate adjustment included elementary/middle sc…
The psychological toll of slum living in Mumbai, India
Off the map
Approximately half of all slums in India are not recognized by the government. Lack of government recognition, also referred to as "non-notified status" in the Indian context, may create entrenched barriers to legal rights and basic services such as water, sanitation, and security of tenure. In this paper, we explore the relationship between non-notified status and health outcomes in Kaula Bandar (KB), a slum in Mumbai, India. We illuminate this …
Domestic Violence and Forced Sex Among the Urban Poor in South India
This article examined the prevalence of physical and sexual violence among 1,974 married women from 40 low-income communities in Chennai, India. The authors found a 99% and 75% lifetime prevalence of physical abuse and forced sex, respectively, whereas 65% of women experienced more than five episodes of physical abuse in the 3 months preceding the survey. Factors associated with violence after multivariate adjustment included elementary/middle sc…
Domestic Violence and Forced Sex Among the Urban Poor in South India
This article examined the prevalence of physical and sexual violence among 1,974 married women from 40 low-income communities in Chennai, India. The authors found a 99% and 75% lifetime prevalence of physical abuse and forced sex, respectively, whereas 65% of women experienced more than five episodes of physical abuse in the 3 months preceding the survey. Factors associated with violence after multivariate adjustment included elementary/middle sc…
Off the map
Approximately half of all slums in India are not recognized by the government. Lack of government recognition, also referred to as "non-notified status" in the Indian context, may create entrenched barriers to legal rights and basic services such as water, sanitation, and security of tenure. In this paper, we explore the relationship between non-notified status and health outcomes in Kaula Bandar (KB), a slum in Mumbai, India. We illuminate this …
The social ecology of water in a Mumbai slum
Our findings reveal severe deficiencies in water-related health and social equity indicators. All bacterial contamination of drinking water occurred due to post-source contamination during storage in the household, except during the monsoon season, when there was some point-of-source water contamination. This suggests that safe storage and household water treatment interventions may improve water quality in slums. Problems of exorbitant expense, …
The psychological toll of slum living in Mumbai, India
Understanding pretreatment loss to follow-up of tuberculosis patients
Introduction: Pretreatment loss to follow-up (PTLFU)-dropout of patients after diagnosis but before treatment registration-is a major gap in tuberculosis (TB) care in India and globally. Patient and healthcare worker (HCW) perspectives are critical for developing interventions to reduce PTLFU. Methods: We tracked smear-positive TB patients diagnosed via sputum microscopy from 22 diagnostic centres in Chennai, one of India's largest cities. Patien…
Humane shelter at home
box The devastating second wave of India’s COVID-19 pandemic has understandably provoked international outcry to accelerate vaccine rollout in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). The global vaccine rollout is indeed paramount and represents the most promising path out of this pandemic. At the same time, India’s second wave shows that vaccine distribution may not happen fast enough to avert catastrophic COVID-19 surges in LMICs. As in …
Can digital adherence technologies reduce inequity in tuberculosis treatment success? Evidence from a randomised controlled trial
INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health emergency and low treatment adherence among patients is a major barrier to ending the TB epidemic. The WHO promotes digital adherence technologies (DATs) as facilitators for improving treatment adherence in resource-limited settings. However, limited research has investigated whether DATs improve outcomes for high-risk patients (ie, those with a high probability of an unsuccessful outcome), leadi…
Spatializing stigma-power
In disadvantaged neighborhoods such as informal settlements (or “slums” in the Indian context), infrastructural deficits and social conditions have been associated with residents’ poor mental health. Within social determinants of health framework, spatial stigma, or negative portrayal and stereotyping of particular neighborhoods, has been identified as a contributor to health deficits, but remains under-examined in public health research and may …
Divided infrastructure
Inadequate water access is central to the experience of urban inequality across low- and middle-income countries and leads to adverse health and social outcomes. Previous literature on water inequality in Mumbai, India's second largest city, offers diverse explanations for water disparities between and within slums. (1) This study provides new insights on water disparities in Mumbai's slums by evaluating the influence of legal status on water acc…
The performance of digital technologies for measuring tuberculosis medication adherence
Cost and cost-effectiveness of digital technologies for support of tuberculosis treatment adherence
Contextual factors influencing implementation of tuberculosis digital adherence technologies
INTRODUCTION: Digital adherence technologies (DATs) may enable person-centred tuberculosis (TB) treatment monitoring; however, implementation challenges may undermine their effectiveness. Using the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance framework, we conducted a scoping review to identify contextual factors informing 'reach' (DAT engagement by people with TB) and 'adoption' (DAT uptake by healthcare providers or clinics). …
Implementation outcomes of tuberculosis digital adherence technologies
INTRODUCTION: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious causes of death, with 1.3 million deaths. Digital adherence technologies (DATs) have the potential to provide person-centred care and improve outcomes. Using the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, we conducted a scoping review of DAT implementations for TB treatment. METHODS: We searched seven databases for papers publis…
Medicine (11 works) · Environmental health (7 works) · Nursing (6 works) · Population (6 works) · Economic growth (5 works) · Slum (5 works) · Psychology (4 works) · Public health (4 works) · Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology (4 works) · Urban and Rural Development Challenges (4 works)