Paul C Fletcher
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1738757 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Paul C Fletcher |
| NOMBRES | Paul C |
| APELLIDO | Fletcher |
| FIRMA | FLETCHER P C |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Cambridge |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8257-1517 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 50 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 46 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 50 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1965 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Social Workers and Gambling Harms? Evaluating an Initiative in Three English Local Authorities
We report on the evaluation phase of a study which developed questions to identify people who were affected by gambling harms for use in adult social care services and piloted them in three English local authorities. The questions were designed to identify those affected by gambling harms, including family or friends of those who gamble. The evaluation involved interviews with staff and service users ( n = 28) assessing the acceptability, feasibi…
How reliable is assessment of children’s sentence comprehension using a self-directed app? A comparison of supported versus independent use
This study reports on the feasibility of using the Test of Complex Syntax- Electronic (TECS-E), as a self-directed app, to measure sentence comprehension in children aged 4 to 5 1⁄2 years old; how testing apps might be adapted for effective independent use; and agreement levels between face-to-face supported computerized and independent computerized testing with this cohort. A pilot phase was completed with 4 to 4;06-year-old children, to determi…
Gambling Harms in Adult Social Care
Gambling harms are disproportionately experienced among disadvantaged groups and as such, adult social care (ASC) practitioners are well-placed to identify and support affected individuals. There exists no evidence-based ‘introductory’ question for practitioners to identify those at risk of gambling harms, which includes family and friends (‘affected others’). To develop an ‘introductory’ question for use in English ASC, we conducted a scoping re…
National Urban Policy – Liberal Party of Australia Statement
Effect of health warning labels on motivation towards energy-dense snack foods
Health warning labels (HWLs) show promise in reducing motivation towards energy-dense snack foods. Understanding the underlying mechanisms could optimise their effectiveness. In two experimental studies in general population samples (Study 1 n = 90; Study 2 n = 1382), we compared the effects of HWLs and irrelevant aversive labels (IALs) on implicit (approach) motivation towards unhealthy snacks, using an approach-avoidance task (Study 1), and a m…
Early grammatical marking development in Mandarin-speaking toddlers
The current study examined early grammatical marking in a relatively understudied language, Mandarin, by using the Mandarin version of MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory. Two waves of data collection included 338 monolingual children (17-36 months; 143 female) at Time 1 and 308 children (32-55 months; 139 female) at Time 2 and their caregivers, whose education ranged from third grade (elementary school) or below to postgraduate w…
Straight-sided beer and cider glasses to reduce alcohol sales for on-site consumption
BACKGROUND: Straight-sided glasses can slow the rate of lager consumption in a laboratory setting compared with curved glasses. Slower drinking rates may lower overall alcohol consumption. Glass shape is therefore a potential target for intervention. The aim of this randomised crossover trial was to estimate the impact of serving draught beer and cider in straight-sided glasses, compared with usual, predominantly curved glasses, on alcohol sales …
The impact on selection of non-alcoholic vs alcoholic drink availability
Greater availability of non-alcoholic drinks, compared to alcoholic drinks, increased their online selection, an effect that may be larger when changing their relative availability, i.e., increasing the proportion of non-alcoholic drinks. Naturalistic studies are needed to determine the impact of availability interventions on reducing alcohol purchasing and consumption
The Predictive Coding Account of Psychosis
Fueled by developments in computational neuroscience, there has been increasing interest in the underlying neurocomputational mechanisms of psychosis. One successful approach involves predictive coding and Bayesian inference. Here, inferences regarding the current state of the world are made by combining prior beliefs with incoming sensory signals. Mismatches between prior beliefs and incoming signals constitute prediction errors that drive new l…
Morphosyntactic development of Bangla-speaking preschool children
This study examines the morphosyntactic development, specifically verb morphology, of typically-developing Bangla-speaking children between the ages of two and four. Three verb forms were studied: the Present Simple, the Present Progressive and the Past Progressive. The study was motivated by the observations that reliable language-specific developmental information is not available in Bangla and that properties of these verb forms render them su…
Data and beyond
Perusing early issues of this Journal from nearly forty years ago, we find many topics on the contents lists that could appear in a current issue. But the resources available to contributors for addressing questions of interest have changed dramatically, not least in the public availability of data. Here we look briefly at two assets which have accrued to the field in the intervening decades, and at the contributions they make. CHILDES provides a…
Brain Structural Signatures of Negative Symptoms in Depression and Schizophrenia
Negative symptoms occur in several major mental health disorders with undetermined mechanisms and unsatisfactory treatments; identification of their neural correlates might unveil the underlying pathophysiological basis and pinpoint the therapeutic targets. In this study, participants with major depressive disorder (n = 24), schizophrenia (n = 22), and healthy controls (n = 20) were assessed with 10 frequently used negative symptom scales followe…
The skinny on cocaine
There is a general assumption that weight loss associated with cocaine use reflects its appetite suppressing properties. We sought to determine whether this was justified by characterizing, in detail, alterations in dietary food intake and body composition in actively using cocaine-dependent individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional case-control comparison of 65 male volunteers from the local community, half of whom satisfied the DSM-IV-TR crit…
Changing Human Behavior to Prevent Disease
Much of the global burden of disease is associated with behaviors—overeating, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity—that people recognize as health-harming and yet continue to engage in, even when undesired consequences emerge. To date, interventions aimed at changing such behaviors have largely encouraged people to reflect on their behaviors. These approaches are often ineffectual, which is in keeping with the observati…
Exploring implicit and explicit aspects of sense of agency
Sense of agency refers to the sense of initiating and controlling actions in order to influence events in the outside world. Recently, a distinction between implicit and explicit aspects of sense of agency has been proposed, analogous to distinctions found in other areas of cognition, notably learning. However, there is yet no strong evidence supporting separable implicit and explicit components of sense of agency. The so-called 'Perruchet paradi…
Sense of agency in health and disease
Sense of agency (SoA) is a compelling but fragile experience that is augmented or attenuated by internal signals and by external cues. A disruption in SoA may characterise individual symptoms of mental illness such as delusions of control. Indeed, it has been argued that generic SoA disturbances may lie at the heart of delusions and hallucinations that characterise schizophrenia. A clearer understanding of how sensorimotor, perceptual and environ…
Profiling vocabulary acquisition in Irish
Investigations into early vocabulary development, including the timing of the acquisition of nouns, verbs and closed-class words, have produced conflicting results, both within and across languages. Studying vocabulary development in Irish can contribute to this area, as it has potentially informative features such as a VSO word order, and semantically rich prepositions. This study used a parent report adapted for Irish, to measure vocabulary dev…
Effect of the dopamine D3 receptor antagonist GSK598809 on brain responses to rewarding food images in overweight and obese binge eaters
Sense of agency, associative learning, and schizotypy
Despite the fact that the role of learning is recognised in empirical and theoretical work on sense of agency (SoA), the nature of this learning has, rather surprisingly, received little attention. In the present study we consider the contribution of associative mechanisms to SoA. SoA can be measured quantitatively as a temporal linkage between voluntary actions and their external effects. Using an outcome blocking procedure, it was shown that tr…
Can Neuroimaging Help Us to Understand and Classify Somatoform Disorders? A Systematic and Critical Review
Objective: Debate about the nature of somatoform disorders and their current diagnostic classification has been stimulated by the anticipation of new editions of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems diagnostic classifications. In the current paper, we review systematically the literature on the neuroimaging of somatoform disorders and related con…
The effect of devaluation on food related motivation
Validity of a Parent Report Instrument for Irish-speaking Toddlers
Previous research has demonstrated the validity of parent report as an assessment of early vocabulary and grammatical development across a range of languages.This study adapted a well-known tool, the MacArthur—Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MCDI), to Irish (ICDI), in order to measure vocabulary and grammatical development longitudinally across a sample of 21 children. Results from the parent checklists were validated against spontan…
Perceiving is believing
Early vocabulary development in Mandarin (Putonghua) and Cantonese
Parent report instruments adapted from the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) examined vocabulary development in children aged 0 ; 8 to 2 ; 6 for two Chinese languages, Mandarin ( n =1694) and Cantonese ( n =1625). Parental reports suggested higher overall scores for Mandarin- than for Cantonese-speaking children from approximately 1 ; 4 onward. Factors relevant to the difference were only-child status, monolingual househ…
Cognitive NeurologyA clinical textbook
The study of patients affected by disorders of the central nervous system is one of the crucial research methods for investigating the organization of cognitive functions in the brain. However, many clinicians remain unaware of the significant advances that have taken place in the field of cognitive neuroscience in the last decades. This book provides an introduction to the cognitive and behavioural aspects of the clinical practice of neurology. …
The role of phonological awareness and visual-orthographic skills in Chinese reading acquisition
This study examined the role of phonological awareness and visual-orthographic skills in Chinese reading acquisition. The subjects were 154 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th graders in Beijing who had learned an alphabetic script known as Hanyu Pinyin to help read Chinese characters. Children's performance on tests of various cognitive skills, reading ability, and pinyin knowledge were examined. Results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that (a) vi…
Baby's first 10 words
Although there has been much debate over the content of children's first words, few large sample studies address this question for children at the very earliest stages of word learning. The authors report data from comparable samples of 265 English-, 336 Putonghua- (Mandarin), and 369 Cantonese-speaking 8- to 16-month-old infants whose caregivers completed MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories and reported them to produce between …
Effect of health warning labels on motivation towards energy-dense snack foods
Health warning labels (HWLs) show promise in reducing motivation towards energy-dense snack foods. Understanding the underlying mechanisms could optimise their effectiveness. In two experimental studies in general population samples (Study 1 n = 90; Study 2 n = 1382), we compared the effects of HWLs and irrelevant aversive labels (IALs) on implicit (approach) motivation towards unhealthy snacks, using an approach-avoidance task (Study 1), and a m…
The skinny on cocaine
There is a general assumption that weight loss associated with cocaine use reflects its appetite suppressing properties. We sought to determine whether this was justified by characterizing, in detail, alterations in dietary food intake and body composition in actively using cocaine-dependent individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional case-control comparison of 65 male volunteers from the local community, half of whom satisfied the DSM-IV-TR crit…
Effect of the dopamine D3 receptor antagonist GSK598809 on brain responses to rewarding food images in overweight and obese binge eaters
Short reviews
A. E. Adams, Bolsheviks in the Ukraine, The Second Campaign, 1918–1919. New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1963. 440 pp. 60s. Russian Oppression in the Ukraine: Reports and Documents. London, Ukrainian Publishers Ltd., 1962. 576 pp. 36s. John P. de Gara, Trade Relations between the Common Market and the Eastern Bloc. Bruges, College of Europe, de Tempel, 1964. 101 pp. 16s. Walter Kolarz (ed.), Books on Communism. (New enlarged edition.)…
Thirteenth list of Soviet statistical abstracts
Fourteenth list of Soviet statistical abstracts
Fifteenth list of soviet statistical abstracts
Sixteenth list of Soviet statistical abstracts
Seventeenth list of soviet statistical abstracts
Eighteenth list of Soviet statistical abstracts
Language Development
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Nineteenth list of Soviet statistical abstracts
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Description and explanation in the acquisition of verb-forms
Research on the learning of verb-forms in English has consistently reported the late acquisition of the PRESENT PERFECT. Explanations for this have been in terms of children's cognitive abilities. Difficulties are presented for such explanations by an apparent discrepancy between American English (AE) and British English (BE) acquisition data. This paper examines in detail the forms included in the PRESENT PERFECT paradigm, and the use of these a…
Language Acquisition
Characterizing language impairment in children
This study compares expressive language samples from normal children ( n = 20) and language impaired children ( n = 9), matched for age and intellectual capacity, across a range of grammatical and lexical dimensions. The aims of the inquiry are to determine if it is possible to characterize language impairment (so far as it pertains to the carefully selected group of children in this study) using such dimensions, and in particular to see if the i…
Clarification and the child's learning of grammar
Indices of normal language development and some characteristics of specific language impairment
Transcription and computer analysis of child language
A Child's Learning of English
Theories of language acquisition have offered varying accounts of how a child learns its native language. This book describes that process in detail, relating theories of language development to data drawn from one child's conversational progress between the ages of two and four
Statistics in Language Studies
Recent Publications on Statistics, Language Testing, and Quantitative Research Methods
Peer Reviewed
Verb complementation in language-impaired school age children
Voices from nowhere
The role of phonological awareness and visual-orthographic skills in Chinese reading acquisition
This study examined the role of phonological awareness and visual-orthographic skills in Chinese reading acquisition. The subjects were 154 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th graders in Beijing who had learned an alphabetic script known as Hanyu Pinyin to help read Chinese characters. Children's performance on tests of various cognitive skills, reading ability, and pinyin knowledge were examined. Results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that (a) vi…
Aspect markers in Cantonese-speaking children with specific language impairment
Recent accounts of morphological deficits in children with specific language impairment contrast grammar-deficit explanations, for difficulties these children have with finite verb morphology, with accounts that appeal to processing limitations. Cross-linguistic evaluations of these accounts have \nnot to date involved isolating languages. Here we investigate the use of verb affixes by children speaking Cantonese. Despite their lack of inflection…
Cognitive NeurologyA clinical textbook
The study of patients affected by disorders of the central nervous system is one of the crucial research methods for investigating the organization of cognitive functions in the brain. However, many clinicians remain unaware of the significant advances that have taken place in the field of cognitive neuroscience in the last decades. This book provides an introduction to the cognitive and behavioural aspects of the clinical practice of neurology. …
What's in a word? Morphological awareness and vocabulary knowledge in three languages
Understanding how words are created is potentially a key component to being able to learn and understand new vocabulary words. However, research on morphological awareness is relatively rare. In this study, over 660 preschool-aged children from three language groups (Cantonese, Mandarin, and Korean speakers) in which compounding morphology is highly prevalent were tested on their abilities to manipulate familiar morphemes to create novel compound…
Psychology (36 obras) · Linguistics (20 obras) · Computer Science (17 obras) · Language Development and Disorders (15 obras) · Cognitive psychology (13 obras) · Reading and Literacy Development (12 obras) · Medicine (11 obras) · Philosophy (11 obras) · Developmental psychology (10 obras) · Psychiatry (10 obras)