Thomas C Neylan
Biographic Data
| ID | 1739965 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Thomas C Neylan |
| GIVEN NAMES | Thomas C |
| FAMILY NAME | Neylan |
| SIGNATURE | NEYLAN T C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, San Francisco |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1572-2626 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 3 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Factors associated with fluoxetine adherence among outpatients with common mental disorders in Western Kenya
OBJECTIVE: Non-adherence to antidepressants has been linked to increased symptom severity, relapse and hospitalisation from common mental disorders. However, there is limited knowledge of factors associated with antidepressant adherence in low-income and middle-income countries, especially in public sector, primary care settings. METHODS: We quantified fluoxetine adherence using the medication possession ratio. A limitation of this measure is tha…
Productivity benefits of treatment of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in Kenya
INTRODUCTION: Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) significantly contribute to the global disease burden, adversely affecting health, medical costs and economic productivity. The SMART-DAPPER project in western Kenya approached this challenge by deploying trained non-specialists to administer proven depression and PTSD treatments. METHODS: Participants were public sector primary care outpatients at Kiumu County Hospital with major…
Defining a screening tool for post-traumatic stress disorder in East Africa: A penalized regression approach
Background: Scalable PTSD screening strategies must be brief, accurate and capable of administration by a non-specialized workforce. Methods: We used PTSD as determined by the structured clinical interview as our gold standard and considered predictors sets of (a) Posttraumatic Stress Checklist-5 (PCL-5), (b) Primary Care PTSD Screen for the DSM-5 (PC-PTSD) and, (c) PCL-5 and PC-PTSD questions to identify the optimal items for PTSD screening for …
“The peace that I wanted, I got”: Qualitative insights from patient experiences of SMART Dapper interventions for major depression and traumatic stress disorders in Kenya
SMART DAPPER is an implementation science study responding to mental health treatment gaps for depression and trauma-related disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We report on patient experiences in a study using a Sequential, Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) design to test first and second line non-specialist treatment using psychotherapy (Interpersonal Psychotherapy [IPT] or medication (fluoxetine [FLX]), integrated within public s…
Lifetime Trauma Exposure and Arthritis in Older Adults
OBJECTIVE: Experiencing potentially traumatic events across one's lifecourse increases risk for poor physical health outcomes. Existing models emphasize the effects of any lifetime trauma exposure, risk accumulation (multiple traumas over time), and sensitive periods of exposure (specific exposure timepoints leading to lasting consequences). We examined how different indices of trauma exposure across the lifecourse were associated with later life…
Post-traumatic stress and future substance use outcomes: Leveraging antecedent factors to stratify risk
PTSD symptoms were highly associated with tobacco and alcohol use, while the association with prospective cannabis use is not clear. Findings suggest that understanding the different risk stratification that occurs can aid in tailoring interventions to populations at greatest risk to best mitigate the comorbidity between PTSD symptoms and future substance use outcomes. We demonstrate that this is particularly salient for tobacco use and, to some …
Longitudinal associations between five factor model and impulsive personality traits and PTSD symptoms: Findings from the Aurora study
Psychological Resilience to Trauma and Risk of Covid-19 Infection and Somatic Symptoms Across 2 Years
OBJECTIVE: Exposure to trauma increases the risk of somatic symptoms, as well as acute and chronic physical diseases. However, many individuals display psychological resilience, showing positive psychological adaptation despite trauma exposure. Resilience to prior trauma may be a protective factor for physical health during subsequent stressors, including the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Using data from 528 US adults in a longitudinal cohort study…
Causal discovery replicates symptomatic and functional interrelations of posttraumatic stress across five patient populations
Our findings suggest PTSD symptoms primarily drive depressive symptoms over time, tend to show independence from substance use symptoms, and may cascade into impairment in other domains. The results have implications for refining conceptualization of PTSD co-morbidity and can inform prognostic and treatment hypotheses about individuals experiencing PTSD symptoms along with co-occurring distress or impairment
Pretreatment stabilization increases completion of trauma-focused evidence-based psychotherapies
Findings suggest that individual stabilization may improve delivery of TF-EBPs in VHA settings by increasing TF-EBP completion without reducing initiation, while pretreatment with group-only stabilization may reduce initiation of TF-EBPs. Results inform how models of care can improve TF-EBP retention and completion among veterans with PTSD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
East African HIV care: Depression and HIV outcomes
PLWH had high prevalence of depression on the CESD. Diverse depression symptoms were independently associated with increases in viral load, underscoring the need for comprehensive treatment of depression
Timing of evidence-based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder initiation among Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans in the Veterans Health Administration
Most veterans in our study did not initiate CPT/PE. Generally, clinical complexity variables increased likelihood of initiating CPT/PE and initiating CPT/PE more than 1 year after first mental health visit. Additional research is needed to understand whether CPT/PE delay results from receipt of alternative intervention due to clinical complexity variables. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Metabolic Risk Factors and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Role of Sleep in Young, Healthy Adults
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with indicators of poor physical health and sleep disturbance. This study investigated the relationship between PTSD and metabolic risk factors and examined the role of sleep duration in medically healthy and medication-free adults. METHODS: Participants with PTSD (n = 44, mean age = 30.6 years) and control participants free of lifetime psychiatric history (n = 50, mean age = 30.3 year…
Increase of perceived frequency of neighborhood domestic violence is associated with increase of women's depression symptoms in a nationally representative longitudinal study in South Africa
Interpersonal psychotherapy versus treatment as usual for PTSD and depression among Sichuan earthquake survivors: A randomized clinical trial
ClinicalTrials.Gov number, NCT01624935
Lifetime Trauma Exposure and Prospective Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality: Findings From the Heart and Soul Study
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the effect of cumulative psychological trauma on health outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to prospectively examine the association between lifetime trauma exposure and recurrent cardiovascular events or all-cause mortality in patients with existing cardiovascular disease. METHODS: A total of 1021 men and women with cardiovascular disease were recruited in 2000 to 200…
Positive and negative emotion prospectively predict trajectories of resilience and distress among high-exposure police officers
Responses to both potentially traumatic events and other significant life stressors have been shown to conform to discrete patterns of response such as resilience, anticipatory stress, initial distress with gradual recovery, and chronic distress. The etiology of these trajectories is still unclear. Individual differences in levels of negative and positive emotion are believed to play a role in determining risk and resilience following traumatic e…
Rescuers at risk: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of the worldwide current prevalence and correlates of PTSD in rescue workers
Anger Expression and Sleep Quality in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Findings From the Heart and Soul Study
Objective: To evaluate if anger expression affects sleep quality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Research has indicated that poor sleep quality independently predicts adverse outcomes in patients with CHD. Risk factors for poor sleep quality include older age, socioeconomic factors, medical comorbidities, lack of exercise, and depression. Methods: We sought to examine the association of anger expression with sleep quality in 1020 o…
Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress in Police and Other First Responders
We provide an overview of previous research conducted by our group on risk and resilience factors for PTSD symptoms in police and other first responders. Based on our work, the findings of other investigators on individual differences in risk for PTSD, and drawing on preclinical studies fear conditioning and extinction, we propose a conceptual model for the development of PTSD symptoms emphasizing the role of vulnerability and resilience to perit…
The Mediating Effects of Sleep in the Relationship Between Traumatic Stress and Health Symptoms in Urban Police Officers
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress symptoms have been associated with increased health problems across numerous studies. Sleep disruption, one of the principal symptoms resulting from traumatic stress, has also been shown to produce health problems. This study explored the hypothesis that the relationship between posttraumatic stress symptoms and health is mediated by sleep problems. METHOD: A sample of 741 police officers were administered measures…
Critical Incident Exposure and Sleep Quality in Police Officers
OBJECTIVE: Police officers face many stressors that may negatively impact sleep quality. This study compares subjective sleep quality in police officers with that in control subjects not involved in police or emergency services. We examined the effects of critical incident exposure (trauma exposure) and routine (nontraumatic) work environment stressors on sleep quality after controlling for the effects of work shift schedule. METHODS: Subjective …
The Peritraumatic Distress Inventory: A Proposed Measure of PTSD Criterion A2
OBJECTIVE: Meeting criterion A2 for the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in DSM-IV requires that an individual have high levels of distress during or after the traumatic event. Because of the paucity of valid and reliable instruments for assessing such responses, the authors developed a 13-item self-report measure, the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory, to obtain a quantitative measure of the level of distress experienced during a…
Psychological and Physical Distress of Sheltered Battered Women
The Peritraumatic Distress Inventory: A Proposed Measure of PTSD Criterion A2
OBJECTIVE: Meeting criterion A2 for the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in DSM-IV requires that an individual have high levels of distress during or after the traumatic event. Because of the paucity of valid and reliable instruments for assessing such responses, the authors developed a 13-item self-report measure, the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory, to obtain a quantitative measure of the level of distress experienced during a…
Psychological and Physical Distress of Sheltered Battered Women
Critical Incident Exposure and Sleep Quality in Police Officers
OBJECTIVE: Police officers face many stressors that may negatively impact sleep quality. This study compares subjective sleep quality in police officers with that in control subjects not involved in police or emergency services. We examined the effects of critical incident exposure (trauma exposure) and routine (nontraumatic) work environment stressors on sleep quality after controlling for the effects of work shift schedule. METHODS: Subjective …
The Mediating Effects of Sleep in the Relationship Between Traumatic Stress and Health Symptoms in Urban Police Officers
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress symptoms have been associated with increased health problems across numerous studies. Sleep disruption, one of the principal symptoms resulting from traumatic stress, has also been shown to produce health problems. This study explored the hypothesis that the relationship between posttraumatic stress symptoms and health is mediated by sleep problems. METHOD: A sample of 741 police officers were administered measures…
Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress in Police and Other First Responders
We provide an overview of previous research conducted by our group on risk and resilience factors for PTSD symptoms in police and other first responders. Based on our work, the findings of other investigators on individual differences in risk for PTSD, and drawing on preclinical studies fear conditioning and extinction, we propose a conceptual model for the development of PTSD symptoms emphasizing the role of vulnerability and resilience to perit…
Anger Expression and Sleep Quality in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Findings From the Heart and Soul Study
Objective: To evaluate if anger expression affects sleep quality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Research has indicated that poor sleep quality independently predicts adverse outcomes in patients with CHD. Risk factors for poor sleep quality include older age, socioeconomic factors, medical comorbidities, lack of exercise, and depression. Methods: We sought to examine the association of anger expression with sleep quality in 1020 o…
Rescuers at risk: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of the worldwide current prevalence and correlates of PTSD in rescue workers
Lifetime Trauma Exposure and Prospective Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality: Findings From the Heart and Soul Study
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the effect of cumulative psychological trauma on health outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to prospectively examine the association between lifetime trauma exposure and recurrent cardiovascular events or all-cause mortality in patients with existing cardiovascular disease. METHODS: A total of 1021 men and women with cardiovascular disease were recruited in 2000 to 200…
Positive and negative emotion prospectively predict trajectories of resilience and distress among high-exposure police officers
Responses to both potentially traumatic events and other significant life stressors have been shown to conform to discrete patterns of response such as resilience, anticipatory stress, initial distress with gradual recovery, and chronic distress. The etiology of these trajectories is still unclear. Individual differences in levels of negative and positive emotion are believed to play a role in determining risk and resilience following traumatic e…
Interpersonal psychotherapy versus treatment as usual for PTSD and depression among Sichuan earthquake survivors: A randomized clinical trial
ClinicalTrials.Gov number, NCT01624935
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Metabolic Risk Factors and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Role of Sleep in Young, Healthy Adults
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with indicators of poor physical health and sleep disturbance. This study investigated the relationship between PTSD and metabolic risk factors and examined the role of sleep duration in medically healthy and medication-free adults. METHODS: Participants with PTSD (n = 44, mean age = 30.6 years) and control participants free of lifetime psychiatric history (n = 50, mean age = 30.3 year…
Increase of perceived frequency of neighborhood domestic violence is associated with increase of women's depression symptoms in a nationally representative longitudinal study in South Africa
East African HIV care: Depression and HIV outcomes
PLWH had high prevalence of depression on the CESD. Diverse depression symptoms were independently associated with increases in viral load, underscoring the need for comprehensive treatment of depression
Timing of evidence-based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder initiation among Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans in the Veterans Health Administration
Most veterans in our study did not initiate CPT/PE. Generally, clinical complexity variables increased likelihood of initiating CPT/PE and initiating CPT/PE more than 1 year after first mental health visit. Additional research is needed to understand whether CPT/PE delay results from receipt of alternative intervention due to clinical complexity variables. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)
Pretreatment stabilization increases completion of trauma-focused evidence-based psychotherapies
Findings suggest that individual stabilization may improve delivery of TF-EBPs in VHA settings by increasing TF-EBP completion without reducing initiation, while pretreatment with group-only stabilization may reduce initiation of TF-EBPs. Results inform how models of care can improve TF-EBP retention and completion among veterans with PTSD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
Psychological Resilience to Trauma and Risk of Covid-19 Infection and Somatic Symptoms Across 2 Years
OBJECTIVE: Exposure to trauma increases the risk of somatic symptoms, as well as acute and chronic physical diseases. However, many individuals display psychological resilience, showing positive psychological adaptation despite trauma exposure. Resilience to prior trauma may be a protective factor for physical health during subsequent stressors, including the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Using data from 528 US adults in a longitudinal cohort study…
Causal discovery replicates symptomatic and functional interrelations of posttraumatic stress across five patient populations
Our findings suggest PTSD symptoms primarily drive depressive symptoms over time, tend to show independence from substance use symptoms, and may cascade into impairment in other domains. The results have implications for refining conceptualization of PTSD co-morbidity and can inform prognostic and treatment hypotheses about individuals experiencing PTSD symptoms along with co-occurring distress or impairment
Defining a screening tool for post-traumatic stress disorder in East Africa: A penalized regression approach
Background: Scalable PTSD screening strategies must be brief, accurate and capable of administration by a non-specialized workforce. Methods: We used PTSD as determined by the structured clinical interview as our gold standard and considered predictors sets of (a) Posttraumatic Stress Checklist-5 (PCL-5), (b) Primary Care PTSD Screen for the DSM-5 (PC-PTSD) and, (c) PCL-5 and PC-PTSD questions to identify the optimal items for PTSD screening for …
“The peace that I wanted, I got”: Qualitative insights from patient experiences of SMART Dapper interventions for major depression and traumatic stress disorders in Kenya
SMART DAPPER is an implementation science study responding to mental health treatment gaps for depression and trauma-related disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We report on patient experiences in a study using a Sequential, Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) design to test first and second line non-specialist treatment using psychotherapy (Interpersonal Psychotherapy [IPT] or medication (fluoxetine [FLX]), integrated within public s…
Lifetime Trauma Exposure and Arthritis in Older Adults
OBJECTIVE: Experiencing potentially traumatic events across one's lifecourse increases risk for poor physical health outcomes. Existing models emphasize the effects of any lifetime trauma exposure, risk accumulation (multiple traumas over time), and sensitive periods of exposure (specific exposure timepoints leading to lasting consequences). We examined how different indices of trauma exposure across the lifecourse were associated with later life…
Post-traumatic stress and future substance use outcomes: Leveraging antecedent factors to stratify risk
PTSD symptoms were highly associated with tobacco and alcohol use, while the association with prospective cannabis use is not clear. Findings suggest that understanding the different risk stratification that occurs can aid in tailoring interventions to populations at greatest risk to best mitigate the comorbidity between PTSD symptoms and future substance use outcomes. We demonstrate that this is particularly salient for tobacco use and, to some …
Longitudinal associations between five factor model and impulsive personality traits and PTSD symptoms: Findings from the Aurora study
Factors associated with fluoxetine adherence among outpatients with common mental disorders in Western Kenya
OBJECTIVE: Non-adherence to antidepressants has been linked to increased symptom severity, relapse and hospitalisation from common mental disorders. However, there is limited knowledge of factors associated with antidepressant adherence in low-income and middle-income countries, especially in public sector, primary care settings. METHODS: We quantified fluoxetine adherence using the medication possession ratio. A limitation of this measure is tha…
Productivity benefits of treatment of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in Kenya
INTRODUCTION: Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) significantly contribute to the global disease burden, adversely affecting health, medical costs and economic productivity. The SMART-DAPPER project in western Kenya approached this challenge by deploying trained non-specialists to administer proven depression and PTSD treatments. METHODS: Participants were public sector primary care outpatients at Kiumu County Hospital with major…
Medicine (21 works) · Psychiatry (20 works) · Psychology (18 works) · Clinical Psychology (16 works) · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research (16 works) · Internal Medicine (9 works) · Clinical Psychology (7 works) · Mental health (6 works) · Resilience and Mental Health (6 works) · Distress (5 works)