Marie-Louise Newell
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1740196 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Marie-Louise Newell |
| NOMBRES | Marie-Louise |
| APELLIDO | Newell |
| FIRMA | NEWELL M |
| AFILIACIONES | University College London |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1074-7699 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 49 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 58 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 47 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1993 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Tuberculin skin test surveys and the Annual Risk of Tuberculous Infection in school children in Northern KwaZulu-Natal
Tuberculin skin test surveys in primary school children can be used to quantify Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission at community level. KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa, is home to 11.5 million people and suffers a burden of tuberculosis disease that is among the highest in the world. The last tuberculin survey in the province was undertaken in 1979. We performed a tuberculin skin test survey nested within a demographic and health househo…
What values drive communities’ nutrition priorities in a resource constrained urban area in South Africa
Our study demonstrates how public engagement can facilitate the incorporation of community values and programmatic preferences into nutrition priority setting, enabling a responsive approach to local community needs, especially in resource constrained contexts. Findings could guide policy makers to facilitate more appropriate decisions and to improve nutrition in the first 1000 days of life
Children born during the hunger season are at a higher risk of severe acute malnutrition
Heightened food insecurity in the hunger season increases the risk of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in childhood. This study examined the association of season of birth with SAM in a Guinean Sahelian ecological zone. We analyzed routine health and sociodemographic surveillance data from the Navrongo Health and Socio-demographic Surveillance System collected between 2011 and 2018. January-June, the period of highest food insecurity, was defined …
Realising the potential human development returns to investing in early and maternal nutrition
The benefits of interventions which improve early nutrition are well recognised. These benefits, however, only accrue to the extent that later life circumstances allow. Consequently, in adverse contexts many of the benefits will never be realised, particularly for the most vulnerable, exacerbating inequality. Returns to investment in early nutrition could be improved if we identified contextual factors constraining their realisation and intervent…
Stakeholder Perspectives on Barriers and Facilitators on the Implementation of the 1000 Days Plus Nutrition Policy Activities in Ghana
Optimizing nutrition in the preconception and 1000 days periods have long-term benefits such as higher economic productivity, reduced risk of related non-communicable diseases and increased health and well-being. Despite Ghana's recent progress in reducing malnutrition, the situation is far from optimal. This qualitative study analyzed the maternal and child health nutrition policy framework in Ghana to identify the current barriers and facilitat…
Men are not playing their roles’ , maternal and child nutrition in Nanoro, Burkina Faso
Objective: To collect context-specific insights into maternal and child health and nutrition issues, and to explore potential solutions in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. Design: Eleven focus groups with men and women from eleven communities, facilitated by local researchers. Setting: The study took place in the Nanoro Health district, in the West-Central part of Burkina Faso. Participants: Eighty-six men (18–55 years) and women by age group: 18–25; 26–34 …
Community perspectives on maternal and child health during nutrition and economic transition in sub-Saharan Africa
Objective: To explore community perceptions on maternal and child nutrition issues in Sub-Saharan Africa. Design: Thirty focus groups with men and women from three communities facilitated by local researchers. Setting: One urban (Soweto, South Africa) and two rural settings (Navrongo, Ghana and Nanoro, Burkina Faso) at different stages of economic transition. Participants: Two hundred thirty-seven men and women aged 18–55 years, mostly subsistenc…
Supporting maternal and child nutrition
Objective: Despite efforts to improve maternal and child nutrition, undernutrition remains a major public health challenge in Ghana. The current study explored community perceptions of undernutrition and context-specific interventions that could improve maternal and child nutrition in rural Northern Ghana. Design: This exploratory qualitative study used ten focus group discussions to gather primary data. The discussions were recorded, transcribed…
The role of place of residency in childhood immunisation coverage in Nigeria
Although low FIC in rural areas may be largely due to lack of health facilities and immunisation education, the intra-urban disparity is mostly unexplained, and requires further qualitative and interventional research. We show the FIC point increase that can be achieved if specific sociodemographic variable (risk) are addressed in the various communities, thus informing prioritisation of interventions
Socio-economic differentials in minimum dietary diversity among young children in South-East Asia
Objective To investigate the socio-economic differentials underlying minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among children aged 6–23 months in three economically diverse South-East Asian countries. Design The outcome variable MDD was defined as the proportion of children aged 6–23 months who received foods from four of the seven recommended food groups within the 24 h prior to interview. The association between socio-economic factors and MDD, adjusting …
Children and HIV – a hop (hopefully), a skip (lamentably) and a jump (ideally)
Factors associated with pre-ART loss-to-follow up in adults in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Strategies to retain younger people in pre-ART care are required. How openness with others, partner HIV status and disclosure, and children relate to LTFU needs further exploration
Partner Age-Disparity and HIV Incidence Risk for Older Women in Rural South Africa
Who cares? Implications of care-giving and -receiving by HIV-infected or -affected older people on functional disability and emotional wellbeing
This paper examines how care-giving to adults and/or children and care-receiving is associated with the health and wellbeing of older people aged 50+ in rural South Africa. Data used are from a cross-sectional survey adapted from World Health Organization's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted in 2009/10 in rural South Africa. Bivariate statistics and multivariate logistical regression were used to assess the relationship betw…
The Government of Kenya's Cash Transfer Program Reduces the Risk of Sexual Debut among Young People Age 15-25
The aim of this study is to assess whether the Government of Kenya's Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (Kenya CT-OVC) can reduce the risk of HIV among young people by postponing sexual debut. The program provides an unconditional transfer of US$20 per month directly to the main caregiver in the household. An evaluation of the program was implemented in 2007-2009 in seven districts. Fourteen Locations were randomly assigned to rece…
A Systematic Review of Individual and Contextual Factors Affecting ART Initiation, Adherence, and Retention for HIV-Infected Pregnant and Postpartum Women
Are social support and HIV coping strategies associated with lower depression in adults on antiretroviral treatment? Evidence from rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
We assess depression rates and investigate whether depression among HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) is associated with social support and HIV coping strategies in rural South Africa (SA). The study took place in a decentralised public-sector ART programme in a poor, rural area of KwaZulu-Natal, SA, with high-HIV prevalence and high-ART coverage. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12), validated in this setti…
An Approach to Measuring Dispersed Families with a Particular Focus on Children ‘Left Behind’ by Migrant Parents
There is growing policy and academic interest in the conditions, experiences, and well-being of migrant families stretched across origin and destination households. In South Africa, the dispersal of children and migrant parents across multiple households is a commonplace childhood experience. However, in common with the broader international context, quantitative analyses of the social and residential connections between children and migrant pare…
Understanding Family Migration in Rural South Africa
Despite the removal of restrictions on movement and increasing female participation in migration, only a minority of migrant parents in South Africa include their children in their destination household. Quantitative analyses of the circumstances in which children accompany a migrant parent have been limited by the lack of available data that document family arrangements from the perspective of more than one household. This paper uses data about …
Increases in Adult Life Expectancy in Rural South Africa
Cost-Benefit of ART In the battle to control HIV, mass antiretroviral treatment (ART) costs $500 to $900 per person per year. Bor et al. (p. 961 ) calculated the impact of intensifying ART on the life expectancy of people living in rural KwaZulu Natal. The dates of death were collected from a population of about 100,000 people during 2000–2011: Four years before and 8 years after the scaling up of ART. Life expectancy of adults increased by more …
High Coverage of ART Associated with Decline in Risk of HIV Acquisition in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Cost-Benefit of ART In the battle to control HIV, mass antiretroviral treatment (ART) costs $500 to $900 per person per year. Bor et al. (p. 961 ) calculated the impact of intensifying ART on the life expectancy of people living in rural KwaZulu Natal. The dates of death were collected from a population of about 100,000 people during 2000–2011: Four years before and 8 years after the scaling up of ART. Life expectancy of adults increased by more …
Health, wellbeing, and disability among older people infected or affected by HIV in Uganda and South Africa
OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare the health status, emotional wellbeing, and functional status of older people in Uganda and South Africa who are HIV infected or affected by HIV in their families. METHODS: Data came from the general population cohort and Entebbe cohort of the Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, and from the Africa Centre Demographic Information System through cross-sectional surveys in 2009/10 using instru…
Mortality in women of reproductive age in rural South Africa
OBJECTIVE: To determine causes of death and associated risk factors in women of reproductive age in rural South Africa. METHODS: Deaths and person-years of observation (pyo) were determined for females (aged 15-49 years) resident in 15,526 households in a rural South African Demographic and Health Surveillance site from 2000 to 2009. Cause of death was ascertained by verbal autopsy and ICD-10 coded; causes were categorized as HIV/TB, non-communic…
The social dynamics of consent and refusal in HIV surveillance in rural South Africa
Data Resource Profile
Population ageing is rapidly becoming a global issue and will have a major impact on health policies and programmes. The World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) aims to address the gap in reliable data and scientific knowledge on ageing and health in low- and middle-income countries. SAGE is a longitudinal study with nationally representative samples of persons aged 50+ years in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russ…
The social dynamics of consent and refusal in HIV surveillance in rural South Africa
Understanding Family Migration in Rural South Africa
Despite the removal of restrictions on movement and increasing female participation in migration, only a minority of migrant parents in South Africa include their children in their destination household. Quantitative analyses of the circumstances in which children accompany a migrant parent have been limited by the lack of available data that document family arrangements from the perspective of more than one household. This paper uses data about …
Children's care and living arrangements in a high HIV prevalence area in rural South Africa
The objectives of this study were to describe the care and living arrangements of children in rural South Africa, focusing on differences between maternal, paternal and double orphans and non-orphans and to assess the prevalence and characteristics of ‘child-only’ households and ‘child- and elderly-only’ households in this setting. We analysed data from a longitudinal demographic information system using Mantel–Haenszel adjusted odds ratios and l…
Refining the Criteria for Stalled Fertility Declines
Stalled fertility declines have been identified in several regions across the developing world, but the current conceptualization of a stalled fertility decline is poorly theorized and does not lend itself to objective measurement. We propose a more rigorous and statistically testable definition of stalled fertility decline that can be applied to time‐series data. We then illustrate the utility of our definition through its application to data fr…
An Approach to Measuring Dispersed Families with a Particular Focus on Children ‘Left Behind’ by Migrant Parents
There is growing policy and academic interest in the conditions, experiences, and well-being of migrant families stretched across origin and destination households. In South Africa, the dispersal of children and migrant parents across multiple households is a commonplace childhood experience. However, in common with the broader international context, quantitative analyses of the social and residential connections between children and migrant pare…
Gender differentials in the impact of parental death
Using data from a longitudinal surveillance study from rural South Africa, we investigated the odds of sexual debut, pregnancy and HIV infection of 15- to 19-year-old adolescents by parental survival. Using descriptive statistics and logistic regressions, we examine the relative risk of orphans compared with non-orphans to have ever had sex, being pregnant and being HIV infected, adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, education, being emp…
Who cares? Implications of care-giving and -receiving by HIV-infected or -affected older people on functional disability and emotional wellbeing
This paper examines how care-giving to adults and/or children and care-receiving is associated with the health and wellbeing of older people aged 50+ in rural South Africa. Data used are from a cross-sectional survey adapted from World Health Organization's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted in 2009/10 in rural South Africa. Bivariate statistics and multivariate logistical regression were used to assess the relationship betw…
Screening for HIV infection in pregnancy
Antenatal HIV screening policies throughout the British Isles were surveyed and results linked to data on HIV-infected pregnant women notified through the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Units offering HIV testing to all pregnant women were compared with those offering it only to women considered to be at risk, and in both situations fewer than 50% of infected women were identified as HIV infected for the first time in antenata…
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
c) PC based statistical software in health care; (d) applied multivariate techniques; and (e) demographic analyses and their biostatistical ap- plication -organised jointly by
Characteristics of pregnant HIV-1 infected women in Europe
There is a growing number of infected women in Europe and an increasing proportion of these have acquired their infection through heterosexual contact. Most infected women are of childbearing age and thus increasing numbers of children are at risk of acquiring infection. In this paper we examine the socio-demographic characteristics and trends in mode of acquisition of infection of 1690 infected women from 7 countries enrolled in the European Col…
Social care of children born to HIV-infected mothers in Europe
Children of HIV-infected women are likely to be profoundly affected by their mothers' infection, regardless of their own infection status and their number will increase with the spread of infection among women in Europe. This article describes the family circumstances and social care of 1,123 children born to HIV-infected women enrolled in the European Collaborative Study and followed prospectively from birth. Most mothers were white, married or …
Mortality of infected and uninfected infants born to HIV-infected mothers in Africa
The health and social environment of uninfected infants born to HIV-infected women
Against a background of increasing numbers of uninfected children born to HIV-infected women in Europe, we describe the social environment and occurrence of infectious disease in 1,667 infants enrolled in the European Collaborative Study (ECS) and followed prospectively. In the ECS, the proportion of children born to black women from Sub-Saharan Africa who acquired their HIV infection heterosexually has increased since the mid-1980s, while the pr…
The socioeconomic determinants of HIV incidence
BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the effect of socioeconomic status on HIV infection in Africa stems largely from cross-sectional studies. Cross-sectional studies suffer from two important limitations: two-way causality between socioeconomic status and HIV serostatus and simultaneous effects of socioeconomic status on HIV incidence and HIV-positive survival time. Both problems are avoided in longitudinal cohort studies. METHODS: We used data from a longi…
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 infection during exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life
Long-term follow-up of uninfected children born to HIV-infected women and exposed to antiretroviral therapy
Most uninfected children born to diagnosed HIV-infected women are now exposed to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in utero and neonatally and concerns have been raised over the safety of this exposure. To explore parents' and health professionals' views on the long-term follow-up of uninfected children two related surveys were conducted in the UK. Questionnaires were completed by 140 parents/carers and 40 health professionals. Most of the respondents…
Population and antenatal-based HIV prevalence estimates in a high contracepting female population in rural South Africa
It is likely that where ANC coverage and contraceptive use is widespread and fertility is low, population-based surveillance under-estimates HIV prevalence due to unrepresentative testing by age, residence and also probably by HIV status, and that ANC sentinel surveillance over-estimates prevalence due to selection bias in terms of age of sexual debut and contraceptive use. The results presented highlight the importance of accounting for unrepres…
Cohort Profile
The health and demography of the South African population has been undergoing substantial changes as a result of the rapidly progressing HIV epidemic. Researchers at the University of KwaZulu-Natal and the South African Medical Research Council established The Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies in 1997 funded by a large core grant from The Wellcome Trust, UK. Given the urgent need for high quality longitudinal data with which to moni…
Children's care and living arrangements in a high HIV prevalence area in rural South Africa
The objectives of this study were to describe the care and living arrangements of children in rural South Africa, focusing on differences between maternal, paternal and double orphans and non-orphans and to assess the prevalence and characteristics of ‘child-only’ households and ‘child- and elderly-only’ households in this setting. We analysed data from a longitudinal demographic information system using Mantel–Haenszel adjusted odds ratios and l…
Refining the Criteria for Stalled Fertility Declines
Stalled fertility declines have been identified in several regions across the developing world, but the current conceptualization of a stalled fertility decline is poorly theorized and does not lend itself to objective measurement. We propose a more rigorous and statistically testable definition of stalled fertility decline that can be applied to time‐series data. We then illustrate the utility of our definition through its application to data fr…
Coming home to die? the association between migration and mortality in rural South Africa
External in-migrants have a higher risk of dying, especially from HIV related causes, than residents, and in areas with substantial migration this needs to be taken into account in evaluating mortality statistics and planning health care services
HIV prevention for South African youth
Population uptake of antiretroviral treatment through primary care in rural South Africa
Despite concerns about the equitable nature of antiretroviral treatment rollout, we find very few differences in ART uptake across a range of socio-demographic variables in a rural South African population. However, even when socio-demographic factors were taken into account, individuals living further away from primary healthcare clinics were still significantly less likely to be accessing ART
Gender differentials in the impact of parental death
Using data from a longitudinal surveillance study from rural South Africa, we investigated the odds of sexual debut, pregnancy and HIV infection of 15- to 19-year-old adolescents by parental survival. Using descriptive statistics and logistic regressions, we examine the relative risk of orphans compared with non-orphans to have ever had sex, being pregnant and being HIV infected, adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, education, being emp…
Challenges in PMTCT antiretroviral adherence in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Women living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa face significant challenges in accessing HIV care and adhering to antiretroviral therapy. Most reports have focused on issues relating to long-term adherence such as those surrounding stigma and disclosure, hunger, cultural factors, lack of accurate health information, lack of social support, medication side effects and overcrowded health systems. Information related to the challenges facing…
Fertility intentions of HIV-infected women in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom (UK), the number of pregnancies in HIV-infected women has increased dramatically over the last decade, but attitudes towards childbearing among infected women have not been previously described. The aim of this survey was to explore fertility intentions among HIV-infected women and to assess the effect of HIV treatment and interventions for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) on these intentions. HIV-infected …
Validating child vaccination status in a demographic surveillance system using data from a clinical cohort study
Maternal recall performs well in identifying vaccinated children aged 12-23 months (both in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected mothers), with sensitivity similar to information extracted from vaccination cards. Information based on both maternal recall and vaccination cards should be used if the aim is to use surveillance data to identify children who received a vaccination
Design and methods of a longitudinal study investigating the impact of antiretroviral treatment on the partnerships and sexual behaviour of HIV-infected individuals in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Afric…
The data collected in this study will provide valuable information for measuring the impact of ART on sexual behaviour, and for the planning and delivery of appropriate interventions to promote family and partner support, and safe sexual behaviour for people living with HIV in this setting and elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa
Data Resource Profile
Population ageing is rapidly becoming a global issue and will have a major impact on health policies and programmes. The World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) aims to address the gap in reliable data and scientific knowledge on ageing and health in low- and middle-income countries. SAGE is a longitudinal study with nationally representative samples of persons aged 50+ years in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russ…
An investigation of factors associated with the health and well-being of HIV-infected or HIV-affected older people in rural South Africa
The enhanced healthcare received as part of anti-retroviral treatment as well as the considerable resources devoted to HIV care appear to benefit the overall well-being of HIV-infected older people; whereas similar resources have not been devoted to the general health needs of HIV uninfected older people. Given increasing numbers of older people, policy and programme interventions are urgently needed to holistically meet the health and well-being…
Why MSM in Rural South African Communities Should be an HIV Prevention Research Priority
Research into HIV and men who have sex with men's (MSM) health in South Africa has been largely confined to the metropolitan centres. Only two studies were located making reference to MSM in rural contexts or same-sex behaviors among men in the same. There is growing recognition in South Africa that MSM are not only disproportionately affected by HIV and have been underserved by the country's national response, but that they contribute significan…
Determinants and spatial patterns of adult overweight and hypertension in a high HIV prevalence rural South African population
We conducted a large population-based survey among adults measuring weight, height, and blood pressure nested within an HIV survey in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, to identify and characterize clusters of overweight and hypertension in a typical rural African population and to explore whether geographic clusters can be accounted for by established individual-level risk factors. 58.4% of the participants were overweight and 22.6% were hyperte…
Medicine (44 obras) · Demography (31 obras) · Environmental health (30 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (23 obras) · Population (22 obras) · Demography (17 obras) · Sociology (17 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (16 obras) · Geography (15 obras) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (15 obras)