Carlo Beltrame
Biographic Data
| ID | 1747054 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Carlo Beltrame |
| GIVEN NAMES | Carlo |
| FAMILY NAME | Beltrame |
| SIGNATURE | BELTRAME C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Ca' Foscari University of Venice |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2082-1685 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 43 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 74 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 42 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
A Roman Vivarium for Oysters in the Northern Lagoon of Venice (Lio Piccolo, Cavallino-Treporti, Italy)
The underwater excavation carried out at Lio Piccolo, in the Canale Rigà (lagoon of Venice), permitted the investigation and documentation, by digital photogrammetry, of a Roman Period site discovered by the amateur archaeologist E. Canal in murky waters. This is a vivarium (a pool) for oysters, made of bricks and wood and equipped with two wooden sluice gates, which was quickly silted over, covering hundreds of molluscs. This unique finding, wit…
Geophysical Prospecting for the Detection of Buried and Shallow Submerged Archaeological Sites of Roman Period in the Lagoon of Venice (Italy)
We present a study that combines several marine geophysical techniques to detect and map archaeological sites from the Roman period in the shallow waters of the Venice Lagoon, Italy. We employed marine electrical resistivity tomography (M‐ERT), a drone‐based unmanned surface vehicle (USV) multibeam sonar, and subbottom profiler technology to overcome the challenges posed by low visibility in the inland waters. These methods were particularly effe…
A Roman Period Sewn Ship Discovered off the Lido of Venice (Lido 1)
This work presents a study of certain fragments of a ship, built using the sewn-technique of ship-construction, clear evidence of which has been found in the North Adriatic Sea and dates from the Roman Period: these fragments were recovered between 1993 and 2022 along the seashore of Alberoni Beach, on the island of ‘Lido of Venice’. The specific context of these discovered fragments, which are believed to belong to the same shipwreck (called Lid…
Roman ‘Well-cisterns’, Navigational Routes, and Landscape Modifications in the Venice Lagoon and Northeastern Adriatic
Underwater investigations in the lagoon of Venice have revealed a partially preserved structure interpreted as a Roman ‘well-cistern’. It is indeed very similar to another, better-preserved building excavated in the same area. The analysis of the mortar, the evaluation of the depth of the structure base in relation to relative sea level, and the absence of foundation poles in the underlying soft lagoon mud support such interpretation. A compariso…
Deep Water Archaeology in Italy and in the Tyrrhenian Sea
This paper presents an overview of the history of the research in deep water archaeology in Italy and the recent activities carried out by Fondazione Azionemare, in collaboration with the Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici of the Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, in the Tyrrhenian Sea. Through a preliminary presentation of some shipwrecks dated to the Roman period, discovered by the Fondazione Azionemare and investigated, thanks also to photogrammetr…
The Wrecks of HM Frigates Assurance (1753) and Pomone (1811)
The Wrecks of HM Frigates Assurance (1753) and Pomone (1811): Including the Fascinating Naval Career of Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Barrie, KCB, KCH (1774–1841)." International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), p. 1
Archaeological and archaeometric investigation of the Roman marble cargos of Porto Cervo (Arzachena, Sassari, Italy) and Secche della Meloria (Livorno, Italy)
Minero‐petrographic and geochemical analyses carried out on 35 samples of marble blocks belonging to shipwrecked cargos at Porto Cervo (Arzachena, Sassari, Italy) (23 samples) and Secche della Meloria (Livorno, Italy) (12 samples) indicated that the marble originated from the Apuan Alps (Italy), which implies that the ships presumably came from the Roman city of Luna . Ceramic finds enabled the dating of one shipwreck to the end of the second/beg…
The 5th-century AD riverine boat of Santa Maria in Padovetere
The digital survey of a 5th century AD riverine boat, together with direct measurements and drawings, has led to a complete 3D model of the boat, with deformations corrected, hull lines reconstructed and missing parts recreated. The different construction solutions of this boat (sewing, mortise-and-tenon joints, clinker planks) have been represented in a detailed 1:1 scale for improved study and display. The discovery of this boat in a tributary …
A Roman Marble Cargo from a Shipwreck at Porto Cervo, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
Results of laboratory analyses of samples of marble blocks found in a shipwrecked cargo at Porto Cervo demonstrate that they were almost certainly from the Apuan Alps, which implies that the ship came from the Roman city of Luna. Ceramic finds provide a date from the end of the 2nd–beginning of the 3rd century AD. There are doubts regarding the destination of the vessel, which could have been Africa or Sicily, although a much more hazardous passa…
The Hook-Shaped Masthead in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages
Iconography from the Late Roman period to at least the 12th century AD shows the use of a hook-shaped masthead on sailing vessels. Hook-shaped mastheads are shown not only on lateen-rigged but also on square-rigged vessels. Recent discoveries in archaeological contexts allow us to suggest that the shape was not necessary to keep the halyard as far forward of the mast as possible, to facilitate the movement of the yard while tacking, as supposed b…
Wrecked Cargoes of Marmor Luculleum ( Africano ) of the Roman Period. An Archaeological and Archaeometrical Study
The article presents the results of new underwater and laboratory investigations carried out on a cargo of columns and blocks of Roman age from a shipwreck sunk off Capo Taormina (Sicily). The archaeometric analyses (powder XRD and OM with thin sections) indicate the use of marmor luculleum (africano) from the ancient Ionian town of Teos for the columns. The authors compare their results with the data obtained from the other two shipwrecks carryi…
A Roman shipwreck with a cargo of Apuan marble ( marmor lunense ) at Punta del Francese (Stintino‐Sassari, Sardinia)
The wreck‐site of Punta del Francese (Stintino‐Sassari) off the island of Sardinia (Italy) is composed of 14 roughly cubic blocks and slabs of marble lying in an almost coherent arrangement. Archaeometric analyses indicate a provenance of the entire cargo of marble from the Apuan Alps ( marmor lunense ) of north Italy. Fragments of amphoras confirm its dating to the Flavian period (first century ce ). The dimensions of the cargo, and especially o…
Calculating the tonnage and the dimension of the cargoes of marble of Roman period
The Mercurio
The Fifth-Century AD Riverine Barge of Santa Maria in Padovetere (Ferrara, Italy)
This paper presents the results of a multidisciplinary investigation of the wreck of a riverine flat-bottom sewn barge dated to the fifth century AD. The wreck was recovered west of the city of Comacchio (Ferrara, North Italy), near the sixth century church Santa Maria in Padovetere (SMP). It was found in the silty sediments filling a paleo channel of the Po River and is one of the very few well-preserved inland watercrafts from the Roman period …
Pakoštane Veli Školj
Three Venetian ships in the Armada
In 1588 three Venetian private cargo ships (Balancera, Labia, and Ragazzona) were obliged by the king of Spain to participate in the Armada expedition. The paper describes the copious correspondence and controversy between the Spanish crown and the Venetian doge which, despite the insistence of the government of the Serenissima, ended with the ships’ seizure. Since these ships had suffered considerable damage during the expedition, further corres…
Virtual reality in maritime archaeology legacy data for a virtual diving on the shipwreck of the Mercurio (1812)
The archaeometric identification of the marbles of the Roman shipwrecks of Capo Granitola (TP), Isola delle Correnti and Marzamemi I (SR)
D survey and modelling of shipwrecks in different underwater environments
Boats, Ships and Shipyards
A 5th-Century-AD Sewn-Plank River Barge at St Maria in Padovetere (Comacchio-FE), Italy
This article reports on the remains of a 5th-century-AD river barge excavated in 2014 and 2015. Most of the flat bottom and one side are preserved. The barge is at least 20 m in length and 2.9 m across the floor, and is constructed using sewn planks, iron nails and mortise-and-tenon fasteners. Both flush-laid and lapstrake planks are recorded. Archaeological, historical, iconographic and ethnographic evidence is used to propose explanations for f…
A Byzantine Shipwreck from Cape Stoba, Mljet, Croatia
The Cape Stoba shipwreck is located on the seabed off the island of Mljet in Croatia at a depth of 21–28 m. Following initial investigation in 1975, four seasons of excavation have been carried between 2010 and 2014 by the Department for Underwater Archaeology of the Croatian Conservation Institute, joined by the Department of Studi Umanistici of the Università Ca' Foscari of Venice from 2012. The wreck-site is evidenced by a cargo of nine amphor…
The Roman Ship 'punta Scifo d' and its Marble Cargo (Crotone, Italy)
In the first three centuries AD, large‐scale building projects, both in Rome and in the western colonies, stimulated the demand for marble from the eastern quarries. The Punta Scifo D shipwreck – discovered in 1986 in the Bay of Scifo, south of Crotone, Italy, and investigated in 2011 and 2013 by a team from the Università Ca' Foscari of Venice – is an important source for the reconstruction of this kind of trade in the Roman Empire. Studies of t…
The Mercurio Gunflints
The discovery of the wreck of the brig Mercurio, which sank in 1812 in the waters of the north Adriatic, is of major significance for the study of Italic Kingdom vessels from the Napoleonic era. The underwater excavations carried out in 2004–11 led to the recovery of many small finds, among which are several gunflints of different size and shape. The Mercurio gunflints were produced mainly from blades using a technique in use in Britain and Franc…
Preliminary Analysis of the Hull of the Roman Ship from Grado, Gorizia, Italy
The hull of the Roman wreck at Grado has been partially preserved under the cargo of amphoras. The right side presents a rare evidence of a section of the waterway. The ship has been assembled by mortise-and-tenon technique following a shell-first conception. All the frames, except one, are of pine while planking is either of pine and elm. Some strakes, of larix, are a repair made by patch-tenons; a wale shows an other kind of repair. Various sig…
The Rigging and the ‘Hydraulic System’ of the Roman Wreck at Grado, Gorizia, Italy
The hull of the Roman wreck at Grado has been preserved under the cargo of amphoras. On the site, a lot of wooden elements of the rigging are preserved, including deadeyes, blocks, and toggles. Three possible bitts were identified, one of them sculpted; two were nailed to the hull while one was loose. Near the keel a lead tube, protected by a wooden box, has been interpreted as a bilge-pump but more probably it was a suction-pump. The tube would …
The Roman Ship 'punta Scifo d' and its Marble Cargo (Crotone, Italy)
In the first three centuries AD, large‐scale building projects, both in Rome and in the western colonies, stimulated the demand for marble from the eastern quarries. The Punta Scifo D shipwreck – discovered in 1986 in the Bay of Scifo, south of Crotone, Italy, and investigated in 2011 and 2013 by a team from the Università Ca' Foscari of Venice – is an important source for the reconstruction of this kind of trade in the Roman Empire. Studies of t…
D reconstruction of marble shipwreck cargoes based on underwater multi-image photogrammetry
Fragments of Boats from the Canale Anfora of Aquileia, Italy, and Comparison of Sewn-Plank Ships in the Roman Era
Fragments of Roman sewn-plank boats have been found, during rescue excavations, in the Canale Anfora, an artificial channel used by Roman ships to enter the Roman city of Aquileia. Remains were found in both 1988 and 2005 at the same site. Elements of what were probably two boats are analysed and compared to other finds of Roman sewn boats found along the coast of the Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions. They are evidence of the use of this …
Report on the first research campaign on the Napoleonic brick, Mercure , wrecked off Lignano, Udine, Italy in 1812
During 2001, the NAUSICAA office organized a research campaign on the site where two carronades had been retrieved by a fishing boat. Side-scan sonar research led to the discovery of a mound and six more carronades. The mound was composed of iron ingots, cannon balls, and tools reused as ballast. After the cleaning of a carronade, it was possible to read the name of the foundry, Du Creusot, and the date, 1806. This evidence was sufficient to iden…
Calculating the tonnage and the dimension of the cargoes of marble of Roman period
D survey and modelling of shipwrecks in different underwater environments
The archaeometric identification of the marbles of the Roman shipwrecks of Capo Granitola (TP), Isola delle Correnti and Marzamemi I (SR)
Underwater Investigation on a Marble Cargo Wreck at Capo Bianco near Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy
The cargo of marble blocks off Capo Bianco was dated to the Roman period. New sampling and analysis has identified Carrara marble, and also Rosso di Francia and Portargento, which strongly suggests a post-medieval date. This leads to the suggestion that nearby finds dating between the second half of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th may come from the same ship, perhaps sailing from France and Liguria to deliver stone in southern Ita…
A New View of the Interpretation of the Presumed Medieval Po Delta Wrecks, Italy
A Roman Marble Cargo from a Shipwreck at Porto Cervo, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
Results of laboratory analyses of samples of marble blocks found in a shipwrecked cargo at Porto Cervo demonstrate that they were almost certainly from the Apuan Alps, which implies that the ship came from the Roman city of Luna. Ceramic finds provide a date from the end of the 2nd–beginning of the 3rd century AD. There are doubts regarding the destination of the vessel, which could have been Africa or Sicily, although a much more hazardous passa…
The Fifth-Century AD Riverine Barge of Santa Maria in Padovetere (Ferrara, Italy)
This paper presents the results of a multidisciplinary investigation of the wreck of a riverine flat-bottom sewn barge dated to the fifth century AD. The wreck was recovered west of the city of Comacchio (Ferrara, North Italy), near the sixth century church Santa Maria in Padovetere (SMP). It was found in the silty sediments filling a paleo channel of the Po River and is one of the very few well-preserved inland watercrafts from the Roman period …
A 5th-Century-AD Sewn-Plank River Barge at St Maria in Padovetere (Comacchio-FE), Italy
This article reports on the remains of a 5th-century-AD river barge excavated in 2014 and 2015. Most of the flat bottom and one side are preserved. The barge is at least 20 m in length and 2.9 m across the floor, and is constructed using sewn planks, iron nails and mortise-and-tenon fasteners. Both flush-laid and lapstrake planks are recorded. Archaeological, historical, iconographic and ethnographic evidence is used to propose explanations for f…
A Byzantine Shipwreck from Cape Stoba, Mljet, Croatia
The Cape Stoba shipwreck is located on the seabed off the island of Mljet in Croatia at a depth of 21–28 m. Following initial investigation in 1975, four seasons of excavation have been carried between 2010 and 2014 by the Department for Underwater Archaeology of the Croatian Conservation Institute, joined by the Department of Studi Umanistici of the Università Ca' Foscari of Venice from 2012. The wreck-site is evidenced by a cargo of nine amphor…
The Mercurio Gunflints
The discovery of the wreck of the brig Mercurio, which sank in 1812 in the waters of the north Adriatic, is of major significance for the study of Italic Kingdom vessels from the Napoleonic era. The underwater excavations carried out in 2004–11 led to the recovery of many small finds, among which are several gunflints of different size and shape. The Mercurio gunflints were produced mainly from blades using a technique in use in Britain and Franc…
A Presumed Hydraulic Apparatus for the Transport of Live Fish, Found on the Roman Wreck at Grado, Italy
The Roman wreck found off Grado, not far from the city of Aquileia in the north Adriatic Sea, was recovered in 1999. The ship carried various kinds of amphoras with processed fish. A lead pipe, inserted in the hull near the keel, is curious evidence which the authors try to explain. The pipe could be connected to a piston-pump to suck water. A theoretical reconstruction demonstrates how this apparatus could work and that it could be used to feed …
Reply to a Comment on an Article Concerning the Hydraulic System of the Roman Wreck at Grado, Gorizia, Italy
Report on the first research campaign on the Napoleonic brick, Mercure, wrecked off Lignano, Udine, Italy in 1812
During 2001, the NAUSICAA office organized a research campaign on the site where two carronades had been retrieved by a fishing boat. Side-scan sonar research led to the discovery of a mound and six more carronades. The mound was composed of iron ingots, cannon balls, and tools reused as ballast. After the cleaning of a carronade, it was possible to read the name of the foundry, Du Creusot, and the date, 1806. This evidence was sufficient to iden…
Archaeological evidence of the foremast on ancient sailing ships
Roman ‘Well-cisterns’, Navigational Routes, and Landscape Modifications in the Venice Lagoon and Northeastern Adriatic
Underwater investigations in the lagoon of Venice have revealed a partially preserved structure interpreted as a Roman ‘well-cistern’. It is indeed very similar to another, better-preserved building excavated in the same area. The analysis of the mortar, the evaluation of the depth of the structure base in relation to relative sea level, and the absence of foundation poles in the underlying soft lagoon mud support such interpretation. A compariso…
A Roman shipwreck with a cargo of Apuan marble ( marmor lunense ) at Punta del Francese (Stintino‐Sassari, Sardinia)
The wreck‐site of Punta del Francese (Stintino‐Sassari) off the island of Sardinia (Italy) is composed of 14 roughly cubic blocks and slabs of marble lying in an almost coherent arrangement. Archaeometric analyses indicate a provenance of the entire cargo of marble from the Apuan Alps ( marmor lunense ) of north Italy. Fragments of amphoras confirm its dating to the Flavian period (first century ce ). The dimensions of the cargo, and especially o…
Virtual reality in maritime archaeology legacy data for a virtual diving on the shipwreck of the Mercurio (1812)
A Tool Assemblage from the Brig Mercurio (1812)
Report from Italy
Archaeological evidence of the foremast on ancient sailing ships
No abstract
Archaeological evidence of the foremast on ancient sailing ships
Report on the first research campaign on the Napoleonic brick, Mercure , wrecked off Lignano, Udine, Italy in 1812
During 2001, the NAUSICAA office organized a research campaign on the site where two carronades had been retrieved by a fishing boat. Side-scan sonar research led to the discovery of a mound and six more carronades. The mound was composed of iron ingots, cannon balls, and tools reused as ballast. After the cleaning of a carronade, it was possible to read the name of the foundry, Du Creusot, and the date, 1806. This evidence was sufficient to iden…
Report on the first research campaign on the Napoleonic brick, Mercure, wrecked off Lignano, Udine, Italy in 1812
During 2001, the NAUSICAA office organized a research campaign on the site where two carronades had been retrieved by a fishing boat. Side-scan sonar research led to the discovery of a mound and six more carronades. The mound was composed of iron ingots, cannon balls, and tools reused as ballast. After the cleaning of a carronade, it was possible to read the name of the foundry, Du Creusot, and the date, 1806. This evidence was sufficient to iden…
The Rigging and the ‘Hydraulic System’ of the Roman Wreck at Grado, Gorizia, Italy
The hull of the Roman wreck at Grado has been preserved under the cargo of amphoras. On the site, a lot of wooden elements of the rigging are preserved, including deadeyes, blocks, and toggles. Three possible bitts were identified, one of them sculpted; two were nailed to the hull while one was loose. Near the keel a lead tube, protected by a wooden box, has been interpreted as a bilge-pump but more probably it was a suction-pump. The tube would …
A Presumed Greek Stone Anchor Stock Recovered off Venice, Italy
Preliminary Analysis of the Hull of the Roman Ship from Grado, Gorizia, Italy
The hull of the Roman wreck at Grado has been partially preserved under the cargo of amphoras. The right side presents a rare evidence of a section of the waterway. The ship has been assembled by mortise-and-tenon technique following a shell-first conception. All the frames, except one, are of pine while planking is either of pine and elm. Some strakes, of larix, are a repair made by patch-tenons; a wale shows an other kind of repair. Various sig…
The Discovery of a Medieval Galley in Turkey? A Review
Reply to a Comment on an Article Concerning the Hydraulic System of the Roman Wreck at Grado, Gorizia, Italy
A New View of the Interpretation of the Presumed Medieval Po Delta Wrecks, Italy
Underwater Investigation on a Marble Cargo Wreck at Capo Bianco near Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy
The cargo of marble blocks off Capo Bianco was dated to the Roman period. New sampling and analysis has identified Carrara marble, and also Rosso di Francia and Portargento, which strongly suggests a post-medieval date. This leads to the suggestion that nearby finds dating between the second half of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th may come from the same ship, perhaps sailing from France and Liguria to deliver stone in southern Ita…
A Presumed Hydraulic Apparatus for the Transport of Live Fish, Found on the Roman Wreck at Grado, Italy
The Roman wreck found off Grado, not far from the city of Aquileia in the north Adriatic Sea, was recovered in 1999. The ship carried various kinds of amphoras with processed fish. A lead pipe, inserted in the hull near the keel, is curious evidence which the authors try to explain. The pipe could be connected to a piston-pump to suck water. A theoretical reconstruction demonstrates how this apparatus could work and that it could be used to feed …
New Evidence for the Submerged Ancient Harbour Structures at Tolmetha and Leptis Magna, Libya
Surveys carried out in 2009, during a project for the creation of three underwater archaeological parks in Libya, have allowed archaeologists both to analyse already known ancient structures and to discover new evidence about the harbour areas of the ancient cities of Tolmetha and Leptis Magna. © 2012 The Author
A Bronze Swivel- Falcone from a 16th-Century Venetian Galley found off Candia, Crete
Fragments of Boats from the Canale Anfora of Aquileia, Italy, and Comparison of Sewn-Plank Ships in the Roman Era
Fragments of Roman sewn-plank boats have been found, during rescue excavations, in the Canale Anfora, an artificial channel used by Roman ships to enter the Roman city of Aquileia. Remains were found in both 1988 and 2005 at the same site. Elements of what were probably two boats are analysed and compared to other finds of Roman sewn boats found along the coast of the Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions. They are evidence of the use of this …
A Tool Assemblage from the Brig Mercurio (1812)
Boats, Ships and Shipyards
A 5th-Century-AD Sewn-Plank River Barge at St Maria in Padovetere (Comacchio-FE), Italy
This article reports on the remains of a 5th-century-AD river barge excavated in 2014 and 2015. Most of the flat bottom and one side are preserved. The barge is at least 20 m in length and 2.9 m across the floor, and is constructed using sewn planks, iron nails and mortise-and-tenon fasteners. Both flush-laid and lapstrake planks are recorded. Archaeological, historical, iconographic and ethnographic evidence is used to propose explanations for f…
A Byzantine Shipwreck from Cape Stoba, Mljet, Croatia
The Cape Stoba shipwreck is located on the seabed off the island of Mljet in Croatia at a depth of 21–28 m. Following initial investigation in 1975, four seasons of excavation have been carried between 2010 and 2014 by the Department for Underwater Archaeology of the Croatian Conservation Institute, joined by the Department of Studi Umanistici of the Università Ca' Foscari of Venice from 2012. The wreck-site is evidenced by a cargo of nine amphor…
The Roman Ship 'punta Scifo d' and its Marble Cargo (Crotone, Italy)
In the first three centuries AD, large‐scale building projects, both in Rome and in the western colonies, stimulated the demand for marble from the eastern quarries. The Punta Scifo D shipwreck – discovered in 1986 in the Bay of Scifo, south of Crotone, Italy, and investigated in 2011 and 2013 by a team from the Università Ca' Foscari of Venice – is an important source for the reconstruction of this kind of trade in the Roman Empire. Studies of t…
The Mercurio Gunflints
The discovery of the wreck of the brig Mercurio, which sank in 1812 in the waters of the north Adriatic, is of major significance for the study of Italic Kingdom vessels from the Napoleonic era. The underwater excavations carried out in 2004–11 led to the recovery of many small finds, among which are several gunflints of different size and shape. The Mercurio gunflints were produced mainly from blades using a technique in use in Britain and Franc…
D reconstruction of marble shipwreck cargoes based on underwater multi-image photogrammetry
The archaeometric identification of the marbles of the Roman shipwrecks of Capo Granitola (TP), Isola delle Correnti and Marzamemi I (SR)
D survey and modelling of shipwrecks in different underwater environments
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