Norman Hearst
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1762968 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Norman Hearst |
| PRENOMES | Norman |
| SOBRENOME | Hearst |
| ASSINATURA | HEARST N |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of California, San Francisco |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1218-9173 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 42 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 154 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 42 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1992 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2020 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Assessment of an HIV-prevention intervention for couples in peri-urban Uganda
Reducing multiple and concurrent partnerships has been identified as a priority in generalised HIV epidemics, yet developing successful interventions to bring about such behaviour change has proven challenging. We offered a three-session intervention aimed to improve couple relationship quality and address HIV risk factors, particularly concurrent sexual partnerships (CSP), in a peri-urban community of Kampala, Uganda. Before launching the interv…
Risk Behaviors and Perceptions Among Self-identified Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM), Bisexuals, Transvestites, and Transgender Women in Western Guatemala
Couple Relationship Functioning as a Source or Mitigator of HIV Risk
Adaptação transcultural para o idioma português do método de triagem nutricional Determine your nutritional health®para idosos domiciliados
O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o processo de adaptação transcultural do método de triagem nutricional, Determine Your Nutritional Health® (DNH), para utilização na população idosa brasileira. O DNH consiste de 10 questões com enunciados afirmativos, às quais são atribuídas pontuações específicas e cuja soma corresponde ao escore final, que classifica os indivíduos de acordo com a presença ou a ausência de risco nutricional. O processo de ada…
Health-related quality of life of among elders in rural China
Widowed rural elders in China have lower physical and mental quality of life than their married counterparts. These elders rely on their children for care, and a supportive family is associated with better QOL
Individual and household-level predictors of health related quality of life among middle-aged people in rural Mid-east China
HRQOL among middle-aged people in rural China appears similar to that observed elsewhere, and varies by income, education, and other factors. Household factors, particularly the extent to which household members care about each other, are significant predictors of physical and mental health. In addition to improving general socioeconomic conditions, efforts to improve HRQOL for middle-aged people in rural China need to focus on the family environ…
Demographic and health surveys indicate limited impact of condoms and HIV testing in four African countries
Condom promotion and HIV testing for the general population have been major components of HIV prevention efforts in sub-Saharan Africa's high prevalence HIV epidemics, although little evidence documents their public health impact. Recent enhancements to the large, population-based demographic and health surveys (DHS) and AIDS information surveys (AIS) allow use of these data to assess the population-wide impact of these strategies. We analysed th…
Impact of Integrating HIV and TB Care and Treatment in a Regional Tuberculosis Hospital in Rural Guatemala
Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Mayan Women in Rural Guatemala Whose Partners are Migrant Workers
The Need to Reemphasize Behavior Change for HIV Prevention in Uganda
Uganda has long been considered an AIDS success story, although in recent years declines in prevalence and incidence appear to have stalled or even reversed. During the early stages of Uganda's AIDS prevention program, health messages emphasized behavior change, especially fidelity. Ugandans were made to fear AIDS and feel personally at risk of dying from a new, poorly understood disease. In this research, six focus group discussions with 64 part…
Late-stage diagnosis of HIV infection in Brazilian children
This study analyzed data from two consecutive retrospective cohort samples (1983 to 1998 and 1999 to 2002) of Brazilian children with AIDS (N = 1,758) through mother-to-child-transmission. Late-stage diagnosis (CDC category C) was investigated in relation to the following variables: year of birth, year of HIV diagnosis, and time periods related to changes in government treatment guidelines. Late-stage diagnosis occurred in 731 (41.6%) of cases an…
Equivalências conceitual, semântica e instrumental
This study aimed to describe the translation into Brazilian Portuguese and the analysis of conceptual, semantic, and instrumental equivalences and assessment of internal consistency of the Male Body Dissatisfaction Scale (MBDS). The study included the steps of (1) translation; (2) synthesis of translation; (3) back-translation; (4) review by experts - judges - analysis of the semantic and instrumental equivalences; (5) pre-test - assessment of ve…
High occurrence of HIV-positive siblings due to repeated mother-to-child transmission in Brazil
Pregnancies in women without knowledge of their HIV-positive status increase the risk of mother-to-child transmission, and of disease progression. This study aimed to characterize the frequency of multiple pregnancies and of HIV-positive children in the family, during HAART era. We analyzed data of a national multicenter cohort study among Brazilian children with AIDS diagnosed between 1999 and 2002. In total, 945 children and their 928 mothers w…
Prevention messages and Aids risk behavior in Kampala, Uganda
Uganda was one of the first countries to substantially reduce HIV rates through behavior change, but these gains have not continued in recent years. Little is known about what messages Ugandans are currently hearing about AIDS prevention, what they themselves believe to be important prevention strategies, and how these beliefs are associated with behavior. We interviewed men and women aged between 20 and 39 in two poor peri-urban areas of Kampala…
"Equivalência Semântica da versão em português do "Body Change Inventory
Com o crescimento das pesquisas acerca dos componentes da imagem corporal, fazem-se necessários instrumentos válidos que avaliem suas dimensões. O Body Change Inventory (BCI) avalia as estratégias adotadas para modificação do corpo entre adolescentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o processo de tradução e avaliação da equivalência semântica do BCI para a língua portuguesa. O processo envolveu as etapas de (1) tradução do questionário para…
Adaptação transcultural preliminar do Children's Eating Attitude Test (Cheat) para o idioma português
OBJETIVOS: traduzir e adaptar o instrumento "Children's Eating Attitude Test" (Cheat) para o idioma português, avaliar a equivalência semântica e a compreensão verbal. MÉTODOS: envolveu quatro etapas: (1) tradução, (2) retradução, (3) revisão técnica e avaliação semântica, (4) pré-teste - avaliação da compreensão verbal por especialistas em transtorno alimentar. RESULTADOS: as 26 questões foram traduzidas e adaptadas para o idioma português. A ve…
Health Related Quality of Life Assessment questionnaire for children aged 5 to 11 years with HIV/Aids
The objective of this study is to describe preliminary results from the cross-cultural adaptation of the Quality of Life Assessment Questionnaire, used to measure health related quality of life (HRQL) in Brazilian children aged between 5 and 11 with HIV/AIDS. The cross-cultural model evaluated the Concept, Item, Semantic and Measurement Equivalences (internal consistency and intra-observer reliability). Evaluation of the conceptual, item, semanti…
Improving survival in children with Aids in Brazil
The objective of this study is to characterize survival in children with AIDS diagnosed in Brazil between 1999-2002, compared with the first national study (1983-1998). This national retrospective cohort study examined a representative sample of Brazilian children exposed to HIV from mother-to-child transmission and followed through 2007. The survival probability after 60 months was analyzed by sex, year of birth and death, clinical classificatio…
Adaptação transcultural
O objetivo do estudo foi traduzir e adaptar o instrumento Tripartite Influence Scale para o idioma português e avaliar sua validade de conteúdo e consistência interna. Envolveu seis etapas: (1) tradução; (2) re-tradução; (3) revisão técnica e avaliação semântica; (4) validação de conteúdo por profissionais da área - juízes; (5) avaliação do instrumento por uma amostra da população alvo, por meio da avaliação do grau de compreensão e (6) análise d…
Barriers to Adolescents' Getting Emergency Contraception Through Pharmacy Access in California
Adolescents face significant barriers to obtaining emergency contraception, but the expansion of Spanish-language services at pharmacies and greater collaboration between providers and pharmacists could improve access
A Framework of Sexual Partnerships
The global diversity of HIV epidemics can be explained in part by types and patterns of sexual partnerships. We offer a typology of sexual partnerships that corresponds to varying levels of HIV‐transmission risk to help guide thinking about appropriate behavioral interventions, particularly in the epidemics of sub‐Saharan Africa. Declines in HIV prevalence have been associated with reductions in numbers of sex partners, whereas many other prevent…
Cross-cultural adaptation, validation and reliability of the Body Area Scale for Brazilian adolescents
The aim of this study was to translate, validate and verify the reliability of the Body Area Scale (BAS). Participants were 386 teenagers, enrolled in a private school. Translation into Portuguese was conducted. The instrument was evaluated for internal consistency and construct validation analysis. Reproducibility was evaluated using the Wilcoxon test and the coefficient of interclass correlation. The BAS demonstrated good values for internal co…
Reassessing HIV Prevention
The largest investments in AIDS prevention targeted to the general population are being made in interventions where the evidence for large-scale impact is uncertain.
Prevenção de infecção pelo HIV por intermédio da utilização do grupo operativo entre homens que fazem sexo com homens, São Paulo, Brasil
Este estudo focaliza o grupo operativo como intervenção preventiva de HIV para HSH (homens que fazem sexo com homens), usuários de serviços de saúde pública de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram distribuídos, por sorteio aleatório, 100 voluntários em dois grupos (intervenção e controle - 50 cada um). Todos eles responderam a questionários em duas fases distintas: antes da intervenção e seis meses depois de serem submetidos a ela. A avaliação do efeito da i…
Aids by mother-to-child transmission
Antiretroviral therapy contributes to decreasing morbidity and mortality, and ultimately to increasing survival. In Brazil, there are regional differences in HIV epidemiology regarding pregnant women and children with HIV/AIDS. This study evaluates survival time after AIDS diagnosis in 914 children infected by mother-to-child transmission, reported between 1983 and 1998 and followed until 2002, in Brazil's five regions. Time between birth and HIV…
High-risk sexual behavior and condom use among gay and bisexual African-American men
OBJECTIVES. Little is known about the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) high-risk sexual practices of gay and bisexual African-American men. These data are needed so that better interventions can be developed and implemented in this population. METHODS. The frequency and correlates of unprotected anal intercourse were examined among 250 gay and bisexual African-American men in the San Francisco Bay Area. The cohort was recruited in 1990 from bar…
Condom Promotion for Aids Prevention in the Developing World
Two decades of experience and research provide new insights into the role of condoms for AIDS prevention in the developing world. This literature review and synthesis is based on computerized searches of the scientific literature and review of conference presentations, publications of national and international organizations, and popular media. Condoms are about 90 percent effective for preventing HIV transmission, and their use has grown rapidly…
Masculinidade e vulnerabilidade ao HIV de homens heterossexuais, São Paulo, SP
OBJETIVO: Identificar aspectos da masculinidade relacionados à vulnerabilidade dos homens à infecção pelo HIV. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada com homens motoristas de ônibus e integrantes de uma Comissão Interna de Prevenção de Acidentes (Cipa) em uma empresa de transportes coletivos na cidade de São Paulo, SP. Foram gravadas e transcritas dez entrevistas individuais e quatro oficinas de sexo seguro. Seu conteúdo foi disposto e discutido…
Caminhoneiros de rota curta e sua vulnerabilidade ao HIV, Santos, SP
OBJETIVO: Descrever a vulnerabilidade, de caminhoneiros de rota curta, à transmissão sexual do HIV e da Aids. MÉTODOS: Foram entrevistados 279 caminhoneiros com vínculo de trabalho na cidade de Santos, SP, em locais de concentração na área portuária e suas proximidades, sindicatos e associações, recrutados pela amostragem do tipo "bola-de-neve". Foram realizadas entrevistas utilizando perguntas abertas e fechadas sobre questões sociodemográficas,…
Diferenças na prevenção da Aids entre homens e mulheres jovens de escolas públicas em São Paulo, SP
OBJETIVOS: Estudar as práticas sexuais de risco para a infecção pelo HIV de estudantes adultos jovens (18 a 25 anos) de escolas públicas noturnas e avaliar as diferenças de gênero e o impacto de um programa de prevenção de Aids. MÉTODOS: Estudo longitudinal de intervenção, em quatro escolas da região central do Município de São Paulo, SP, divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: intervenção e controle. Uma amostra de 394 estudantes participou do …
Managed competition for the poor or poorly managed competition? Lessons from the Colombian health reform experience
BACKGROUND: In 1993, Colombia enacted and subsequently implemented a radical reform in its system of providing health care for the poor, moving in a short time from a traditional model of providing health services in public hospitals to a managed competition model in which the government buys health insurance for the poor. This study examines and attempts to draw lessons from the early experience with this reform. METHODS: Information was gathere…
Adaptação transcultural
O objetivo do estudo foi traduzir e adaptar o instrumento Tripartite Influence Scale para o idioma português e avaliar sua validade de conteúdo e consistência interna. Envolveu seis etapas: (1) tradução; (2) re-tradução; (3) revisão técnica e avaliação semântica; (4) validação de conteúdo por profissionais da área - juízes; (5) avaliação do instrumento por uma amostra da população alvo, por meio da avaliação do grau de compreensão e (6) análise d…
Prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis e Aids entre jogadores juniores
INTRODUÇÃO/ OBJETIVO: Os casos de Aids continuam crescendo entre os jovens, e existem poucos estudos para entender as especificidades da vulnerabilidade masculina no contexto jovem. Assim, realizou-se estudo com o objetivo de desenvolver um programa de prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DST) e da Aids entre jogadores profissionais de futebol. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 25 jogadores juniores de um time de futebol profissional de…
Barriers to Adolescents' Getting Emergency Contraception Through Pharmacy Access in California
Adolescents face significant barriers to obtaining emergency contraception, but the expansion of Spanish-language services at pharmacies and greater collaboration between providers and pharmacists could improve access
HIV infection and risk behaviors among male port workers in Santos, Brazil
OBJECTIVES. This paper measured the extent to which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has spread among the male working-class population of Santos, Brazil. METHODS. Questionnaires on risk behaviors and blood tests were administered to a random sample (n = 395) of male port workers employed by the Santos Port Authority. RESULTS. Although the rate of HIV infection among these men- the working-class male population of Santos-remains low (…
Improving survival in children with Aids in Brazil
The objective of this study is to characterize survival in children with AIDS diagnosed in Brazil between 1999-2002, compared with the first national study (1983-1998). This national retrospective cohort study examined a representative sample of Brazilian children exposed to HIV from mother-to-child transmission and followed through 2007. The survival probability after 60 months was analyzed by sex, year of birth and death, clinical classificatio…
Prevenção de infecção pelo HIV por intermédio da utilização do grupo operativo entre homens que fazem sexo com homens, São Paulo, Brasil
Este estudo focaliza o grupo operativo como intervenção preventiva de HIV para HSH (homens que fazem sexo com homens), usuários de serviços de saúde pública de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram distribuídos, por sorteio aleatório, 100 voluntários em dois grupos (intervenção e controle - 50 cada um). Todos eles responderam a questionários em duas fases distintas: antes da intervenção e seis meses depois de serem submetidos a ela. A avaliação do efeito da i…
Aids by mother-to-child transmission
Antiretroviral therapy contributes to decreasing morbidity and mortality, and ultimately to increasing survival. In Brazil, there are regional differences in HIV epidemiology regarding pregnant women and children with HIV/AIDS. This study evaluates survival time after AIDS diagnosis in 914 children infected by mother-to-child transmission, reported between 1983 and 1998 and followed until 2002, in Brazil's five regions. Time between birth and HIV…
Prevenção da Aids com adolescentes encarcerados em São Paulo, SP
OBJETIVOS: Descrever o perfil de adolescentes quanto ao apoio social e familiar, ao uso de drogas e os conhecimentos, as práticas e atitudes relacionadas à Aids e sua prevenção. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 275 jovens internos, do sexo masculino, de um centro de internação da Fundação Estadual do Bem Estar do Menor (Febem), em São Paulo, SP. A pesquisa foi feita em duas fases: a primeira por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 20 internos; a se…
Reducing Aids risk among port workers in Santos, Brazil
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the impact of worksite-based AIDS prevention program among port workers in Santos, Brazil, on sexual risk behavior for HIV infection. METHODS: Male port workers (n = 226) were followed in a 3-wave prospective cohort study. A multifaceted intervention costing US $90,000 for 20,000 workers was conducted between waves 2 and 3. RESULTS: Heterosexual risk behavior showed no decline between waves 1 and 2 (before the inte…
Late-stage diagnosis of HIV infection in Brazilian children
This study analyzed data from two consecutive retrospective cohort samples (1983 to 1998 and 1999 to 2002) of Brazilian children with AIDS (N = 1,758) through mother-to-child-transmission. Late-stage diagnosis (CDC category C) was investigated in relation to the following variables: year of birth, year of HIV diagnosis, and time periods related to changes in government treatment guidelines. Late-stage diagnosis occurred in 731 (41.6%) of cases an…
Cross-cultural adaptation, validation and reliability of the Body Area Scale for Brazilian adolescents
The aim of this study was to translate, validate and verify the reliability of the Body Area Scale (BAS). Participants were 386 teenagers, enrolled in a private school. Translation into Portuguese was conducted. The instrument was evaluated for internal consistency and construct validation analysis. Reproducibility was evaluated using the Wilcoxon test and the coefficient of interclass correlation. The BAS demonstrated good values for internal co…
Capacitando profissionais e ativistas para avaliar projetos de prevenção do HIV e de Aids
DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone
Equivalências conceitual, semântica e instrumental
This study aimed to describe the translation into Brazilian Portuguese and the analysis of conceptual, semantic, and instrumental equivalences and assessment of internal consistency of the Male Body Dissatisfaction Scale (MBDS). The study included the steps of (1) translation; (2) synthesis of translation; (3) back-translation; (4) review by experts - judges - analysis of the semantic and instrumental equivalences; (5) pre-test - assessment of ve…
Learning from experience
Norman Hearst, Erik Blas; Learning from experience: research on health sector reform in the developing world, Health Policy and Planning, Volume 16, Issue
Prevalence of Aids-Related Risk Factors and Condom Use in the United States
A national probability survey of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related risk factors among the general heterosexual population, the National AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) Behavioral Surveys, has obtained data from 10,630 respondents. Data are presented on the prevalence of HIV-related risks in the general heterosexual population, on the distribution of the three largest risk groups across social strata, and on the prevalence and d…
High-risk sexual behavior and condom use among gay and bisexual African-American men
OBJECTIVES. Little is known about the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) high-risk sexual practices of gay and bisexual African-American men. These data are needed so that better interventions can be developed and implemented in this population. METHODS. The frequency and correlates of unprotected anal intercourse were examined among 250 gay and bisexual African-American men in the San Francisco Bay Area. The cohort was recruited in 1990 from bar…
HIV infection and risk behaviors among male port workers in Santos, Brazil
OBJECTIVES. This paper measured the extent to which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has spread among the male working-class population of Santos, Brazil. METHODS. Questionnaires on risk behaviors and blood tests were administered to a random sample (n = 395) of male port workers employed by the Santos Port Authority. RESULTS. Although the rate of HIV infection among these men- the working-class male population of Santos-remains low (…
Reducing Aids risk among port workers in Santos, Brazil
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the impact of worksite-based AIDS prevention program among port workers in Santos, Brazil, on sexual risk behavior for HIV infection. METHODS: Male port workers (n = 226) were followed in a 3-wave prospective cohort study. A multifaceted intervention costing US $90,000 for 20,000 workers was conducted between waves 2 and 3. RESULTS: Heterosexual risk behavior showed no decline between waves 1 and 2 (before the inte…
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for HIV Infection Among Incarcerated Men in Sorocaba, Brazil
Learning from experience
Norman Hearst, Erik Blas; Learning from experience: research on health sector reform in the developing world, Health Policy and Planning, Volume 16, Issue
Managed competition for the poor or poorly managed competition? Lessons from the Colombian health reform experience
BACKGROUND: In 1993, Colombia enacted and subsequently implemented a radical reform in its system of providing health care for the poor, moving in a short time from a traditional model of providing health services in public hospitals to a managed competition model in which the government buys health insurance for the poor. This study examines and attempts to draw lessons from the early experience with this reform. METHODS: Information was gathere…
Prevalence and Correlates of HIV-Related Risk Behaviors Among Adolescents at Public Schools in Brasilia
Reducing Aids Risk Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Salvador, Brazil
Capacitando profissionais e ativistas para avaliar projetos de prevenção do HIV e de Aids
DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone
Masculinidade e vulnerabilidade ao HIV de homens heterossexuais, São Paulo, SP
OBJETIVO: Identificar aspectos da masculinidade relacionados à vulnerabilidade dos homens à infecção pelo HIV. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada com homens motoristas de ônibus e integrantes de uma Comissão Interna de Prevenção de Acidentes (Cipa) em uma empresa de transportes coletivos na cidade de São Paulo, SP. Foram gravadas e transcritas dez entrevistas individuais e quatro oficinas de sexo seguro. Seu conteúdo foi disposto e discutido…
Prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis e Aids entre jogadores juniores
INTRODUÇÃO/ OBJETIVO: Os casos de Aids continuam crescendo entre os jovens, e existem poucos estudos para entender as especificidades da vulnerabilidade masculina no contexto jovem. Assim, realizou-se estudo com o objetivo de desenvolver um programa de prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DST) e da Aids entre jogadores profissionais de futebol. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 25 jogadores juniores de um time de futebol profissional de…
Diferenças na prevenção da Aids entre homens e mulheres jovens de escolas públicas em São Paulo, SP
OBJETIVOS: Estudar as práticas sexuais de risco para a infecção pelo HIV de estudantes adultos jovens (18 a 25 anos) de escolas públicas noturnas e avaliar as diferenças de gênero e o impacto de um programa de prevenção de Aids. MÉTODOS: Estudo longitudinal de intervenção, em quatro escolas da região central do Município de São Paulo, SP, divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: intervenção e controle. Uma amostra de 394 estudantes participou do …
Prevenção da Aids com adolescentes encarcerados em São Paulo, SP
OBJETIVOS: Descrever o perfil de adolescentes quanto ao apoio social e familiar, ao uso de drogas e os conhecimentos, as práticas e atitudes relacionadas à Aids e sua prevenção. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 275 jovens internos, do sexo masculino, de um centro de internação da Fundação Estadual do Bem Estar do Menor (Febem), em São Paulo, SP. A pesquisa foi feita em duas fases: a primeira por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 20 internos; a se…
Caminhoneiros de rota curta e sua vulnerabilidade ao HIV, Santos, SP
OBJETIVO: Descrever a vulnerabilidade, de caminhoneiros de rota curta, à transmissão sexual do HIV e da Aids. MÉTODOS: Foram entrevistados 279 caminhoneiros com vínculo de trabalho na cidade de Santos, SP, em locais de concentração na área portuária e suas proximidades, sindicatos e associações, recrutados pela amostragem do tipo "bola-de-neve". Foram realizadas entrevistas utilizando perguntas abertas e fechadas sobre questões sociodemográficas,…
Fatores associados à percepção de risco de infecção pelo HIV por puérperas internadas
OBJETIVO: Verificar os fatores associados à percepção de risco de infecção pelo HIV por puérperas internadas em maternidades filantrópicas. MÉTODOS: A amostra constou de 384 puérperas atendidas em duas maternidades filantrópicas do Município de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados de janeiro a março de 2000. Todas as puérperas foram entrevistadas após 12 horas de pós-parto, quanto aos aspectos relativos a características sociodemográficas, conheci…
Condom Promotion for Aids Prevention in the Developing World
Two decades of experience and research provide new insights into the role of condoms for AIDS prevention in the developing world. This literature review and synthesis is based on computerized searches of the scientific literature and review of conference presentations, publications of national and international organizations, and popular media. Condoms are about 90 percent effective for preventing HIV transmission, and their use has grown rapidly…
Prevenção de infecção pelo HIV por intermédio da utilização do grupo operativo entre homens que fazem sexo com homens, São Paulo, Brasil
Este estudo focaliza o grupo operativo como intervenção preventiva de HIV para HSH (homens que fazem sexo com homens), usuários de serviços de saúde pública de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram distribuídos, por sorteio aleatório, 100 voluntários em dois grupos (intervenção e controle - 50 cada um). Todos eles responderam a questionários em duas fases distintas: antes da intervenção e seis meses depois de serem submetidos a ela. A avaliação do efeito da i…
Aids by mother-to-child transmission
Antiretroviral therapy contributes to decreasing morbidity and mortality, and ultimately to increasing survival. In Brazil, there are regional differences in HIV epidemiology regarding pregnant women and children with HIV/AIDS. This study evaluates survival time after AIDS diagnosis in 914 children infected by mother-to-child transmission, reported between 1983 and 1998 and followed until 2002, in Brazil's five regions. Time between birth and HIV…
Reassessing HIV Prevention
The largest investments in AIDS prevention targeted to the general population are being made in interventions where the evidence for large-scale impact is uncertain.
Barriers to Adolescents' Getting Emergency Contraception Through Pharmacy Access in California
Adolescents face significant barriers to obtaining emergency contraception, but the expansion of Spanish-language services at pharmacies and greater collaboration between providers and pharmacists could improve access
A Framework of Sexual Partnerships
The global diversity of HIV epidemics can be explained in part by types and patterns of sexual partnerships. We offer a typology of sexual partnerships that corresponds to varying levels of HIV‐transmission risk to help guide thinking about appropriate behavioral interventions, particularly in the epidemics of sub‐Saharan Africa. Declines in HIV prevalence have been associated with reductions in numbers of sex partners, whereas many other prevent…
Cross-cultural adaptation, validation and reliability of the Body Area Scale for Brazilian adolescents
The aim of this study was to translate, validate and verify the reliability of the Body Area Scale (BAS). Participants were 386 teenagers, enrolled in a private school. Translation into Portuguese was conducted. The instrument was evaluated for internal consistency and construct validation analysis. Reproducibility was evaluated using the Wilcoxon test and the coefficient of interclass correlation. The BAS demonstrated good values for internal co…
Adaptação transcultural
O objetivo do estudo foi traduzir e adaptar o instrumento Tripartite Influence Scale para o idioma português e avaliar sua validade de conteúdo e consistência interna. Envolveu seis etapas: (1) tradução; (2) re-tradução; (3) revisão técnica e avaliação semântica; (4) validação de conteúdo por profissionais da área - juízes; (5) avaliação do instrumento por uma amostra da população alvo, por meio da avaliação do grau de compreensão e (6) análise d…
Adaptação transcultural preliminar do Children's Eating Attitude Test (Cheat) para o idioma português
OBJETIVOS: traduzir e adaptar o instrumento "Children's Eating Attitude Test" (Cheat) para o idioma português, avaliar a equivalência semântica e a compreensão verbal. MÉTODOS: envolveu quatro etapas: (1) tradução, (2) retradução, (3) revisão técnica e avaliação semântica, (4) pré-teste - avaliação da compreensão verbal por especialistas em transtorno alimentar. RESULTADOS: as 26 questões foram traduzidas e adaptadas para o idioma português. A ve…
Medicine (37 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (25 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (23 obras) · Psychology (23 obras) · Family medicine (22 obras) · Environmental health (17 obras) · Demography (16 obras) · Gerontology (14 obras) · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (14 obras) · Public health (13 obras)