Mokhtar Saidin
Biographic Data
| ID | 176939 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mokhtar Saidin |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mokhtar |
| FAMILY NAME | Saidin |
| SIGNATURE | SAIDIN M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2781-6969 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 18 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 34 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2011 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Pottery residues provide earliest direct evidence for domestication and dairy processing in equatorial Mainland Southeast Asia
Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex as an Iconic Heritage Tourism Site: Evidence of Ancient Trade in the Northern Part of Peninsular Malaysia
The research at the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC) aimed to document the original river jetty structure and port management of ancient Kedah, which dates back to the 6th and 5th centuries BC. It was built on the riverbank, while port management was built at the back of the river jetty structure. The existence of the river jetty and port management structure in SBAC is clear evidence of the international trade process that has occurred …
Ancient Kedah iron smelting site in Kuala Muda district, Kedah, Malaysia: Evidence of iron smelting industry along Sungai Muda
Ancient Kedah as an Early Maritime Kingdom in Southeast Asia: A Case Study at the SB1H River Jetty Site, Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex, Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
Street Art as Tropical Heritage in Semeling: Emplacing Rural Tourism in Kuala Muda District, Malaysia
Serving as a form of aesthetic enhancement, street art encompasses artistic activities created on buildings within urban areas. Street art has become a drawcard for heritage tourism in Malaysia. This art frequently incorporates motifs of tropical flora and fauna, along with symbols from Malay and other ethnic groups, to accentuate its distinctiveness. The colours used are vivid and contrasting to highlight the tropical atmosphere as alive and fre…
Ancient Kedah Kingdom: Interpretations Based on Archaeological Studies
This manuscript is a summary of archaeological studies conducted in the ancient Kedah area, covering about 1,000 km2. The conclusions of the study were identified by compiling data from written and navigational records as well as the archaeological record itself. The ancient Kedah Kingdom played an important role as a maritime kingdom in Southeast Asia since the 6th century BC. The jetty structure, port management, and the location of trade artif…
Geoheritage Tourism in Lenggong Valley, Perak, Malaysia: Local Community Involvement
Academic studies in the Lenggong Valley area have facilitated the careful recording of primary data on the location and current condition of each geoarchaeological site. This research has facilitated the sustainable empowerment of the heritage tourism sector by emphasising the principles of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)—leaving no one behind. Stakeholders plan to help local communities by participating in tourism activities to achieve t…
Traces of Trade Activities: Evidence of Ancient Jetty and Port Architectures in Southeast Asian Region
Architecture of the Ancient Port Management SB2G Site at Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC), Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
Selecting the Optimal Spectral Band for Humid‐Tropical Archaeological Prospection in Bujang Valley: A Band‐Sum Normalization of SPOT and UAV Imagery at Sungai Batu
Archaeological remnants rarely exhibit distinctive structural or spectral characteristics, which makes their detection via remote sensing in tropical environments challenging due to significant fluctuations in soil composition, moisture levels, vegetation and land use. This study analyses multi‐temporal SPOT‐5/7 satellite data (2006–2017) and DJI P4‐RTK multispectral UAV imagery (2024) to (i) characterize the spectral behaviour of established arc…
Revisiting the 2,600-Year-Old Ancient Kedah River Jetty Site of Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex, Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
New evidence of ancient Kedah iron smelting sites at Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC), Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
The Attractions of Guar Kepah Archaeological Site, Penang, Malaysia as an Archaeological Heritage Tourism Site
The Guar Kepah archaeological site in Penang, Malaysia, has been the focus of archaeological re search since 1860, revealing important insights into the prehistoric maritime community that inhabited the area approximately 5,000 years ago. Excavations at the site have revealed human skeletons, teeth, stone tools, and pottery, providing evidence of the community's burial traditions and material culture. The primary data collected from these excavat…
The Impressive of Geological Evidence of Kuala Muda District: A Proposal for Geotourism Products in Kedah, Malaysia
This study provides primary evidence about the geological features in Kuala Muda district, indicating significant potential for development as a geotourism product. To collect primary data, we conducted survey and mapping activities to gather information about the current condition of 11 geosites, as well as the facilities already in place to facilitate seasonal tourism. In addition, a review of previous scientific research for each geosite is al…
Using survey methods to understand how environment is associated with river jetty at Sungai Batu archaeological complex (SBAC), Kedah, Malaysia
Purpose This study was conducted with the main purpose of recording primary data related to environmental factors, which has become the main criteria in the selection of the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC) as the center of the iron smelting industry and trade in ancient Kedah. Design/methodology/approach To fulfill this purpose, field studies involving drone photogrammetry mapping, augering, core drilling and geophysical mapping methods…
Application of digital technology in offering tourism packages at iron smelting sites, Sungai Batu Archeological Complex (SBAC), Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
Ancient Kedah Iron Smelting Experiment in Preparation for Offering Archaeological Tourism Heritage Packages at Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (Sbac), Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
In order to obtain primary data related to the iron smelting activities, the experimental process of furnaces, tuyere and air pumps making is carried out. The experiment has conducted since 2013 through the Knowledge Transfer Program (KTP) in Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC). Through the experiment, the clay in this complex has been used as a raw material for furnaces and tuyere making while the bellows is made of wood, plywood and fabri…
Geoarchaeosites for Heritage Tourism Product of Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia
Archaeological research in the Kuala Muda district until 2022 has recorded three archaeological complexes that are still in-situ and can be visited by tourists. The archaeological evidence at Sungai Batu, Bukit Batu Pahat and Pengkalan Bujang Archaeological Complex which proves the existence of the Kedah Tua kingdom as the main trading location in the world. In order to obtain primary data, field research such as surveys, mapping and archaeologic…
Kedah Tua Kingdom Ancient River Jetty Architecture as an Iconic Tourism Product of Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia
Archaeological studies conducted at one of the sites located on the river banks of the Sungai Batu aim to reveal the architecture of the ancient river jetty structure. In order to obtain primary data related to the architectural appearance of this jetty, field research consisting of survey, mapping, excavation and analysis of artifacts was conducted to enable the final interpretation to be submitted. Based on the study has revealed the discovery …
Archaeological Evidence of Gua Pelangi, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia: Its Potential as a Heritage Tourism Site
Archaeological studies conducted in Gua Pelangi, Negeri Sembilan have been able to find an early civilization aged between 14,000 to 9,000 thousand years ago which was used as a shelter from hot rain and wild animals, in addition to making stone tools and food preparation. The interpretation was based on the findings of 299 lithic artifacts, 52,929 faunal remains and evidence of burning such as ash, charcoal and burning sediments that are still i…
Early Islam of Lamuri site based on archaeological evidence
Survei Dan Pemetaan Produk Pelancongan Sejarah Daerah Kuala Muda, Negeri Kedah Darul Aman
The historical tourism sector of Kuala Muda district first received attention when the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex was recognized as a National Heritage site since 2012 and later as the oldest civilization site in Southeast Asia since 2016. This recognition allows for more proactive research to be conducted which has mapped 59 archaeological sites and 24 historical sites in this district of Kuala Muda. This study is generally conducted to …
Preliminary Technological and Functional Studies of the Neolithic Stone Reaping Knives from West Malaysia: An Experimental Approach
The distinctive “saddle-shape” stone knives known as Tembeling knives of West Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia) have long been used to characterize the early agricultural activities of Neolithic populations in the region. While these tools are morphologically suggestive of a reaping function, their association with early plant use has never been established. The present study explores for the first time the function of Tembeling knives through a pre…
The Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex: Re-assessing the Emergence of Ancient Kedah
This article proposes new historical perspectives arising from the findings in the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex, Kedah, by the Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia in 2009. Excavations in the complex unearthed the remains of iron smelting sites, wharves and other brick structures, dating back to the 2nd/3rd century AD. The discoveries of furnaces, tuyeres and iron slag attest to Sungai Batu’s role as the cent…
Shoreline Fluctuations Mark the Beginning and the Ending of Prehistoric Human Habitation at Guar Kepah, Malaysia
Guar Kepah is the only known prehistoric coastal habitation site along the Straits of Malacca, excluding those found in Sumatra. The site of Guar Kepah on the western coast of Malaysia is believed to have been situated on a stranded beach ridge and in close proximity to the Muda River during its period of human settlement. As such, this site is critical for examining long term coastal habitation during this time. In this paper, we examine prehist…
Revisiting the 2,600-Year-Old Ancient Kedah River Jetty Site of Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex, Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
The Palaeolithic stone assemblage of Kota Tampan, West Malaysia
Archaeological excavations at Kota Tampan in West Malaysia recovered a large stone assemblage dated to 70 kya and believed to be associated with the presence of early Anatomically Modern Humans in Mainland Southeast Asia. New technological analysis demonstrates that almost all these stone artefacts result from early stage reduction through freehand and bipolar percussion
Community heritage engagement in Malaysian archaeology: A case from the prehistoric rock art site of Tambun
This paper explores contemporary community archaeology in Malaysia, through the consideration of the example of the Prehistoric Rock Art site of Gua Tambun. It argues that the existing community heritage engagement practices often disenfranchise the community knowledge, and highly conform to a top-down model. Our investigations pointed out a pattern of exclusion, where the inclusion of the local community in management planning is relatively low.…
New evidence of ancient Kedah iron smelting sites at Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC), Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
The Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex: Re-assessing the Emergence of Ancient Kedah
This article proposes new historical perspectives arising from the findings in the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex, Kedah, by the Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia in 2009. Excavations in the complex unearthed the remains of iron smelting sites, wharves and other brick structures, dating back to the 2nd/3rd century AD. The discoveries of furnaces, tuyeres and iron slag attest to Sungai Batu’s role as the cent…
An Investigation of Archaeological Remains at Lamreh Site, Aceh, Indonesia and Their Context Within the Lamuri Kingdom
This study contributes to provide a deeper understanding of the artefacts found at Lamreh site and their context within the history of Lamuri Kingdom.To this end, a comprehensive investigation was performed over three weeks at Lamreh, where several archaeological findings had been recovered which consisted of plak- IJAPS, Vol. 15, No. 2, 59-88, 2019 Archaeological Remains at Lamreh 60 pling gravestones, imported ceramics, glassware and Chinese co…
Iron Smelting Industry of Kedah Tua: A Geophysical Mapping for Buried Furnace
Revisiting the 3000-year-old Neolithic burial ground of Gua Harimau, West Malaysia
The recent rock drawings of the Lenggong Valley, Perak, Malaysia
The authors present and interpret rock drawings found in caves in the Lenggong Valley, Perak, Malaysia. The drawings, which begin by depicting ritually important patterned mats, and continue with images of cars, bicycles and figures with their hands on their hips, provide rare and precious insights into how the indigenous people of the area came to terms with changes that occurred as the result of the arrival of Europeans in the late 1800s and ea…
The recent rock drawings of the Lenggong Valley, Perak, Malaysia
The authors present and interpret rock drawings found in caves in the Lenggong Valley, Perak, Malaysia. The drawings, which begin by depicting ritually important patterned mats, and continue with images of cars, bicycles and figures with their hands on their hips, provide rare and precious insights into how the indigenous people of the area came to terms with changes that occurred as the result of the arrival of Europeans in the late 1800s and ea…
Depositional processes of reworked tephra from the Late Pleistocene Youngest Toba Tuff deposits in the Lenggong Valley, Malaysia
Two fundamental issues for tephrostratigraphic work are the differentiation of primary from reworked tephra and the characterization of reworking mechanisms. We study the depositional processes of four deposits of Youngest Toba Tuff in the Lenggong valley, Malaysia. We focus on site stratigraphy, particle-size distributions, magnetic susceptibility and mineralogical associations. Reworked tephra display variable sedimentological characteristics i…
The Prehistoric Human Presence in Gua Kajang: Ancient Lifeways in The Malay Peninsula
Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society - Volume 91, Part 2, No.3 15, December 2018
The Application of Market Appeal-Robusticity Matrix: A Case Study of the Archaeological Heritage of Lenggong Valley, Perak, Malaysia
As one of the important World Heritage Site -the Archaeological Heritage of Lenggong Valley, Malaysia, cultural tourism should be promoted along with heritage tourism by developing a number of linked sites as a heritage trail. For helping the development of such, this study evaluates the applicability of the market appeal-robusticity matrix on heritage tourism development, by assessing the potential for tourism in Lenggong Valley. Methods used we…
Revisiting the 3000-year-old Neolithic burial ground of Gua Harimau, West Malaysia
Community heritage engagement in Malaysian archaeology: A case from the prehistoric rock art site of Tambun
This paper explores contemporary community archaeology in Malaysia, through the consideration of the example of the Prehistoric Rock Art site of Gua Tambun. It argues that the existing community heritage engagement practices often disenfranchise the community knowledge, and highly conform to a top-down model. Our investigations pointed out a pattern of exclusion, where the inclusion of the local community in management planning is relatively low.…
An Investigation of Archaeological Remains at Lamreh Site, Aceh, Indonesia and Their Context Within the Lamuri Kingdom
This study contributes to provide a deeper understanding of the artefacts found at Lamreh site and their context within the history of Lamuri Kingdom.To this end, a comprehensive investigation was performed over three weeks at Lamreh, where several archaeological findings had been recovered which consisted of plak- IJAPS, Vol. 15, No. 2, 59-88, 2019 Archaeological Remains at Lamreh 60 pling gravestones, imported ceramics, glassware and Chinese co…
Shoreline Fluctuations Mark the Beginning and the Ending of Prehistoric Human Habitation at Guar Kepah, Malaysia
Guar Kepah is the only known prehistoric coastal habitation site along the Straits of Malacca, excluding those found in Sumatra. The site of Guar Kepah on the western coast of Malaysia is believed to have been situated on a stranded beach ridge and in close proximity to the Muda River during its period of human settlement. As such, this site is critical for examining long term coastal habitation during this time. In this paper, we examine prehist…
Iron Smelting Industry of Kedah Tua: A Geophysical Mapping for Buried Furnace
The Palaeolithic stone assemblage of Kota Tampan, West Malaysia
Archaeological excavations at Kota Tampan in West Malaysia recovered a large stone assemblage dated to 70 kya and believed to be associated with the presence of early Anatomically Modern Humans in Mainland Southeast Asia. New technological analysis demonstrates that almost all these stone artefacts result from early stage reduction through freehand and bipolar percussion
Survei Dan Pemetaan Produk Pelancongan Sejarah Daerah Kuala Muda, Negeri Kedah Darul Aman
The historical tourism sector of Kuala Muda district first received attention when the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex was recognized as a National Heritage site since 2012 and later as the oldest civilization site in Southeast Asia since 2016. This recognition allows for more proactive research to be conducted which has mapped 59 archaeological sites and 24 historical sites in this district of Kuala Muda. This study is generally conducted to …
Preliminary Technological and Functional Studies of the Neolithic Stone Reaping Knives from West Malaysia: An Experimental Approach
The distinctive “saddle-shape” stone knives known as Tembeling knives of West Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia) have long been used to characterize the early agricultural activities of Neolithic populations in the region. While these tools are morphologically suggestive of a reaping function, their association with early plant use has never been established. The present study explores for the first time the function of Tembeling knives through a pre…
The Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex: Re-assessing the Emergence of Ancient Kedah
This article proposes new historical perspectives arising from the findings in the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex, Kedah, by the Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia in 2009. Excavations in the complex unearthed the remains of iron smelting sites, wharves and other brick structures, dating back to the 2nd/3rd century AD. The discoveries of furnaces, tuyeres and iron slag attest to Sungai Batu’s role as the cent…
Kedah Tua Kingdom Ancient River Jetty Architecture as an Iconic Tourism Product of Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia
Archaeological studies conducted at one of the sites located on the river banks of the Sungai Batu aim to reveal the architecture of the ancient river jetty structure. In order to obtain primary data related to the architectural appearance of this jetty, field research consisting of survey, mapping, excavation and analysis of artifacts was conducted to enable the final interpretation to be submitted. Based on the study has revealed the discovery …
Archaeological Evidence of Gua Pelangi, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia: Its Potential as a Heritage Tourism Site
Archaeological studies conducted in Gua Pelangi, Negeri Sembilan have been able to find an early civilization aged between 14,000 to 9,000 thousand years ago which was used as a shelter from hot rain and wild animals, in addition to making stone tools and food preparation. The interpretation was based on the findings of 299 lithic artifacts, 52,929 faunal remains and evidence of burning such as ash, charcoal and burning sediments that are still i…
Early Islam of Lamuri site based on archaeological evidence
Ancient Kedah Iron Smelting Experiment in Preparation for Offering Archaeological Tourism Heritage Packages at Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (Sbac), Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
In order to obtain primary data related to the iron smelting activities, the experimental process of furnaces, tuyere and air pumps making is carried out. The experiment has conducted since 2013 through the Knowledge Transfer Program (KTP) in Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC). Through the experiment, the clay in this complex has been used as a raw material for furnaces and tuyere making while the bellows is made of wood, plywood and fabri…
Geoarchaeosites for Heritage Tourism Product of Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia
Archaeological research in the Kuala Muda district until 2022 has recorded three archaeological complexes that are still in-situ and can be visited by tourists. The archaeological evidence at Sungai Batu, Bukit Batu Pahat and Pengkalan Bujang Archaeological Complex which proves the existence of the Kedah Tua kingdom as the main trading location in the world. In order to obtain primary data, field research such as surveys, mapping and archaeologic…
The Attractions of Guar Kepah Archaeological Site, Penang, Malaysia as an Archaeological Heritage Tourism Site
The Guar Kepah archaeological site in Penang, Malaysia, has been the focus of archaeological re search since 1860, revealing important insights into the prehistoric maritime community that inhabited the area approximately 5,000 years ago. Excavations at the site have revealed human skeletons, teeth, stone tools, and pottery, providing evidence of the community's burial traditions and material culture. The primary data collected from these excavat…
The Impressive of Geological Evidence of Kuala Muda District: A Proposal for Geotourism Products in Kedah, Malaysia
This study provides primary evidence about the geological features in Kuala Muda district, indicating significant potential for development as a geotourism product. To collect primary data, we conducted survey and mapping activities to gather information about the current condition of 11 geosites, as well as the facilities already in place to facilitate seasonal tourism. In addition, a review of previous scientific research for each geosite is al…
Using survey methods to understand how environment is associated with river jetty at Sungai Batu archaeological complex (SBAC), Kedah, Malaysia
Purpose This study was conducted with the main purpose of recording primary data related to environmental factors, which has become the main criteria in the selection of the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC) as the center of the iron smelting industry and trade in ancient Kedah. Design/methodology/approach To fulfill this purpose, field studies involving drone photogrammetry mapping, augering, core drilling and geophysical mapping methods…
Application of digital technology in offering tourism packages at iron smelting sites, Sungai Batu Archeological Complex (SBAC), Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
Ancient Kedah Kingdom: Interpretations Based on Archaeological Studies
This manuscript is a summary of archaeological studies conducted in the ancient Kedah area, covering about 1,000 km2. The conclusions of the study were identified by compiling data from written and navigational records as well as the archaeological record itself. The ancient Kedah Kingdom played an important role as a maritime kingdom in Southeast Asia since the 6th century BC. The jetty structure, port management, and the location of trade artif…
Geoheritage Tourism in Lenggong Valley, Perak, Malaysia: Local Community Involvement
Academic studies in the Lenggong Valley area have facilitated the careful recording of primary data on the location and current condition of each geoarchaeological site. This research has facilitated the sustainable empowerment of the heritage tourism sector by emphasising the principles of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)—leaving no one behind. Stakeholders plan to help local communities by participating in tourism activities to achieve t…
Traces of Trade Activities: Evidence of Ancient Jetty and Port Architectures in Southeast Asian Region
Archaeology (25 works) · Geography (25 works) · History (12 works) · Maritime and Coastal Archaeology (12 works) · Ancient history (11 works) · Environmental Engineering and Cultural Studies (10 works) · Tourism (10 works) · Geology (8 works) · Excavation (7 works) · History (7 works)