Kristian Kristiansen
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 177153 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Kristian Kristiansen |
| PRENOMES | Kristian |
| SOBRENOME | Kristiansen |
| ASSINATURA | KRISTIANSEN K |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Gothenburg |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2423-308X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 81 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 567 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 74 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 7 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1978 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
A Framework for Archaeological Involvement with Human Genetic Data for European Prehistory
A concern with ethics and commitments to ethical conduct and standards has increasingly been raised within archaeology, recently also concerning aDNA data. We suggest that codes, whether for working with ancient DNA or other archaeological practices, need to be multi-faceted, or layered, to reflect the different situational contexts of research. We further argue for a more reflexive text addressing “issues of attention” or “concerns.” We address …
Do You Want to Know Who You Are?’ The Rise of Genetic Ancestry Testing and the Search for Genealogies
As the practice and business of personal DNA ancestry testing continue to expand globally, understanding people’s interest in their genetic history, and how the results influence attitudes about the past, is being called for. Such insight is especially relevant to archaeologists and heritage researchers. Yet the motivations for taking direct-to-consumer DNA tests and their effects remain poorly understood in a European context. This paper present…
The Biad Standards
This article presents a series of recommendations for the publication of archaeological data, to improve their usability. These 12 recommendations were formulated by archaeological data experts who mined thousands of publications for different data types (including funerary practices, accelerator mass spectrometry dating, stable isotopes, zooarchaeology, archaeobotany and pathologies) during the initial construction of the Big Interdisciplinary A…
The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited
This book examines the impact of ancient DNA research and scientific evidence on our understanding of the emergence of Indo-European languages in prehistory. Offering cutting-edge contributions from an international team of scholars, it considers the driving forces behind the Indo-European migrations during the 3rd and 2nd millenia BC. The volume explores the rise of the world's first pastoral nomads the Yamnaya Culture in the Russian Pontic step…
Trade before Civilization
Trade before Civilization explores the role that long-distance exchange played in the establishment and/or maintenance of social complexity, and its role in the transformation of societies from egalitarian to non-egalitarian. Bringing together research by an international and methodologically diverse team of scholars, it analyses the relationship between long-distance trade and the rise of inequality. The volume illustrates how elites used exotic…
Middle Bronze Age decorated antler horse bits
Constraining a bioavailable strontium isotope baseline for the Lake Garda region, Northern Italy
The origins and spread of domestic horses from the Western Eurasian steppes
Domestication of horses fundamentally transformed long-range mobility and warfare 1 . However, modern domesticated breeds do not descend from the earliest domestic horse lineage associated with archaeological evidence of bridling, milking and corralling 2–4 at Botai, Central Asia around 3500 bc 3 . Other longstanding candidate regions for horse domestication, such as Iberia 5 and Anatolia 6 , have also recently been challenged. Thus, the genetic,…
The genetic and cultural impact of the Steppe migration into Europe
Our analyses suggest that the Steppe-related ancestry had genetic impact on mainly Central-Eastern Europe. Moreover, this migration was male-driven for most of the Central European populations belonging to the Corded Ware groups, and to a lesser extent for the Bell Beaker groups
Old Boundaries and New Frontiers - Reflections on the Identity of Archaeology
In this paper I demonstrate some major changes within the traditional disciplinary boundaries of archaeology during the last 25-30 years, and the subsequent formation of new frontiers of theory and practice. They are the result of the expansion and diversification of the discipline in modern society. In that process archaeology has lost its former hegemonic identity which is replaced by pluralism and overlapping functions and identities. This has…
What is in a Paradigm? Reply to comments
Between Rationalism and Romanticism - Archaeological Heritage Management in the 1990s
In this article it is argued that "heritage" both as a theoretical concept and a practice, is central to defining archaeology's role in society. Greater critical attention should therefore be given to this arena of archaeological practice on the part of theoretical archaeology and the heritage administration itself. Since archaeological heritage management is situated between interests in the present, these have to be defined as a first step. Thr…
Towards a New Paradigm? The Third Science Revolution and its Possible Consequences in Archaeology
Population genomics of the Viking world
The population history of northeastern Siberia since the Pleistocene
The Archaeology of Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Anatolian
The 4th millennium BC stands out as a period of increasing interaction between the Caucasus, Anatolia, the Levant and Greece, stimulated by movements of groups of people at land and sea, including the Black Sea coast (Bauer 2011), which had both genetic (Damgaard et al. 2018; Lazaridis et al. 2017; Wu et al. 2018), cultural and linguistic consequences, including Anatolian, which split off during the early to mid 4th millennium BC from early Mayko…
Moving metals IV
European Bronze Age swords had high functional and symbolic value, and therefore they are an interesting case for approaching questions of provenance and trade in Bronze Age Europe. It is often assumed that there is a strong affinity between metal supplies and artefact type. However, this study demonstrates that metal supply and sword types are mostly unrelated. In this paper we present a comparative provenance study of 118 Bronze Age swords, whi…
Daniel Spânu, Fibulae with Canid Protome (Tierkopffibeln) in Romania
At the present stage of the research, 12 fibulae with canid protome (germ. Tierkopffibeln) were discovered on the territory of Romania. With the exception of one item from Ocniţa (Wallachia), all the other fibulae come from the Eastern Carpathians area (Eastern Romania). These fibulae provide some valuable clues to the local chronology and allow some insight into the phenomena of imports circulation and acculturation in pre-Roman Dacia
Social formation and collapse in the Tisza-Maros region
Who is deterministic? On the nature of interdisciplinary research in archaeology
Arponenet al.'s paper is a timely discussion paper which raises basic issues about the relationship between environmental science and archaeology, and thus about the relationship between science and archaeology more broadly. My comments will therefore begin with a discussion of the nature of interdisciplinary research, as a background for re-evaluating the question of determinism in environmental research. Thus more recently we have seen a critic…
Warfare in Bronze Age Society
Warfare and the Political Economy
Krieger und Häuptlinge in der Bronzezeit Dänemarks. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des bronzezeitlichen Schwertes
Rock Art and Religion The sun journey in Indo-European mythology and Bronze Age rock art
In this article I carry out an analysis of the sun journey in Bronze Age rock art in south Scandinavia. The story is based upon a widely shared Indo-European myth about the sun maiden and her twin brothers and helpers, the Divine or Heavenly Twins, who in disguise of ships and horses come to her help so that the sun can rise in the morning. This myth can be illustrated by combining Bronze Age iconography, bronze figurines, burials, hoards, and ro…
New directions in Scandinavian archaeology
Towards a New Paradigm? The Third Science Revolution and its Possible Consequences in Archaeology
Maritime Mode of Production
Given the available space, I will focus on the Nordic Bronze Age (BA). Rich data, evolving methods, and conceptual rejuvenation of continental perspectives, politics, conflict and society, and an appreciation of the diversity and scale of BA economy. Ling et al. aim to pull this body of knowledge together and comparatively interpret it. Factors like the Bell Beaker Culture's (BBC) expansion, maritime capacity, trade, slavery and warriors are esse…
The Provenance, Use, and Circulation of Metals in the European Bronze Age
Bronze is the defining metal of the European Bronze Age and has been at the center of archaeological and science-based research for well over a century. Archaeometallurgical studies have largely focused on determining the geological origin of the constituent metals, copper and tin, and their movement from producer to consumer sites. More recently, the effects of recycling, both temporal and spatial, on the composition of the circulating metal sto…
Bronze Age World System Cycles [and Comments and Reply]
Re-theorising mobility and the formation of culture and language among the Corded Ware Culture in Europe
Moving metals III
Contract archaeology in Europe
In a previous discussion article, ‘Do we need “the archaeology of Europe”?’ (Kristiansen Citation2008), I argued that, although a European archaeology is being promoted by both the European Association of Archaeologists and the European conventions, such as the Valletta Convention of 1992 and the European Landscape Convention of 2000, there are still more divergences than commonalities, due to the strong national organization of archaeology in Eu…
The Strength of the Past and its Great Might
This essay is part of a critical analysis of the use of the past in present-day society. Different types of past (e.g. heroic or domesticated pasts) are created in different contexts such as books and films, and in the landscape and in urban settings. History has become the dominant ideology of the present, in the interest of nationalist and other social groupings. The changing way in which the past is constructed through time is illustrated with…
Social formation and collapse in the Tisza-Maros region
Bronze Age ‘Herostrats’
In this article we argue that within the Danish Bronze Age there was a short-lived period (roughly 1500–1150 bc ) that witnessed a dramatic investment of resources into the construction of monumental architecture in the form of barrows and long houses. These investments had far-reaching long-term effects on the local landscape with negative consequences for agricultural productivity. We use two extraordinary well-documented excavations of a barro…
The tale of the sword – swords and swordfighters in Bronze Age Europe
In this article it is demonstrated through empirical observation that Bronze Age swords were functional and efficient weapons. Their use in real combat is testified by recurring patterns of blade damage and resharpening. Furthermore, ritual depositions of swords with unrepaired scars on the blade demonstrate the prehistoric roots of the Celtic–Germanic–Greek ritual of sacrificing weapons after a victorious fight
Connected Histories
The Bronze Age was the first epoch in which societies became irreversibly linked in their co-dependence on ores and metallurgical skills that were unevenly distributed in geographical space. Access to these critical resources was secured not only via long-distance physical trade routes, making use of landscape features such as river networks, as well as built roads, but also by creating immaterial social networks, consisting of interpersonal rela…
Genes versus agents. A discussion of the widening theoretical gap in archaeology
It is argued that archaeological theory during the last decade has lost its theoretical nerve by accepting the development of epistemologically incompatible approaches. Two recent books exemplify the widening theoretical gap in archaeology between different schools of thought, with different interpretative interests. They are Steve Shennan's Genes, memes and human history. Darwinian archaeology and cultural evolution (2002), and John Robb and Mar…
Moving metals IV
European Bronze Age swords had high functional and symbolic value, and therefore they are an interesting case for approaching questions of provenance and trade in Bronze Age Europe. It is often assumed that there is a strong affinity between metal supplies and artefact type. However, this study demonstrates that metal supply and sword types are mostly unrelated. In this paper we present a comparative provenance study of 118 Bronze Age swords, whi…
The political economy of late Neolithic and early Bronze age society
Le projet international archeologique de Thy est destine a engager des recherches sur l'histoire a long terme de l'economie domestique, des modeles d'habitat locaux et de leur integration locale dans l'economie politique, d'une region situee a la limite du monde europeen face a la Mer du Nord. Il est fonde sur une strategie de recherche a trois niveaux : 1) l'homme et l'ecologie ; 2) l'homme, l'habitat et l'economie ; 3) les fouilles d'un echanti…
Bronze Age wool
National archaeology in the age of European integration
The context Archaeologists of the 1990s are confronted with an apparent paradox: our legal and economic framework is based upon the preservation of the national heritage, while our research objectives and research methods are rather defined by larger regional, European or even international frameworks. In fact this is nothing new – we have always been serving both the present and the past, and will continue to do so. The question that is raised i…
Old Boundaries and New Frontiers - Reflections on the Identity of Archaeology
In this paper I demonstrate some major changes within the traditional disciplinary boundaries of archaeology during the last 25-30 years, and the subsequent formation of new frontiers of theory and practice. They are the result of the expansion and diversification of the discipline in modern society. In that process archaeology has lost its former hegemonic identity which is replaced by pluralism and overlapping functions and identities. This has…
The black and the red
Prominent in the new literature of a 'post-processual', 'critical' or 'radical' archaeology are a pair of books, conveniently colour-coded as one black and one red, written by Michael Shanks 6. Christopher Tilley, and both published in 1987. The 'black book', from Cambridge University Press, has a stark cover mostly of solid black; the cover of the 'red book', from Polity Press, is a more cheerful crimson, though its picture, a 19th-century Comed…
The Nature of Archaeological Knowledge and Its Ontological Turns
During the history of archaeology we have witnessed how a new scientific breakthrough changed the balance between science and archaeology by producing new knowledge that had previously been unobtai
Do we need the ‘archaeology of Europe
Is there anything coherently ‘European’ about a European archaeology – or rather, about the ‘archaeology of Europe’ – or is it simply a modern political construct with no meaning in the ancient past? This paper analyses European archaeology through a historical perspective, tracing developments in the areas of archaeological conservation (heritage), thinking (theory/interpretations) and publication and teaching. It critically examines a perceived…
Should archaeology be in the service of 'popular culture'? A theoretical and political critique of Cornelius Holtorf's vision of archaeology
Kristian Kristiansen takes issue with Cornelius Holtorf's vision of a people-driven archaeology; and the popular context replies in kind
L'âge du Bronze, une période historique
Le début de l'âge du Bronze correspond à l'émergence de l'État et de la civilisation urbaine en Mésopotamie à partir des environs de 3000 avant J.-C., c'est-à-dire à l'aube de la période dynastique archaïque. Se voit pour la première fois dans l'histoire la mise en place de liens politiques systématiques sur de grandes distances ainsi que l'accroissement des déplacements et des échanges organisés entre des centres urbains, qui génèrent une demand…
Janet E. Levy
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Ard marks under barrows
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The application of source criticism to archaeology
In an attempt to establish a source‐critical system, the author first classifies the data into direct and indirect evidence. He then gives the main factors that may influence the representativity of material remains. These arc physical, economic, and research factors. The principles of source criticism are briefly outlined. Its object is to examine the effect of the factors that have influenced the representativity of the sources from the time th…
Besiedlung, Wirtschaftsstrategie und Bodennutzung in der Bronzezeit Dänemarks
Preface to the First Volume
Rescue Archaeology in Denmark 1970–1982
Settlement and Economy in Later Scandinavian Prehistory
Danish Archaeology in the 1980's
The Place of Chronological Studies in Archaeology a View From the Old World
This article deals with the univeral problem of chronological versus social change and discusses the methodological foundations and the scientific functions of chronological studies, exemplified by the Nordic Bronze Age, a classic example of the development of a chronological system. First the universal validity of the premises of typology and seriation are questioned. Secondly, there is a discussion of the chronological implications of the many …
Janet E. Levy
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The black and the red
Prominent in the new literature of a 'post-processual', 'critical' or 'radical' archaeology are a pair of books, conveniently colour-coded as one black and one red, written by Michael Shanks 6. Christopher Tilley, and both published in 1987. The 'black book', from Cambridge University Press, has a stark cover mostly of solid black; the cover of the 'red book', from Polity Press, is a more cheerful crimson, though its picture, a 19th-century Comed…
Prehistoric Migrations—the Case of the Single Grave and Corded Ware Cultures
(1989). Prehistoric Migrations—the Case of the Single Grave and Corded Ware Cultures. Journal of Danish Archaeology: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 211-225
Transformaciones sociales en el Neolítico final de la Europa templada (4000-2000 a.C.)
Se examinan los cambios en el registro arqueológico de la Europa templada desde los complejos culturales TRB/Megalítico al de la Cerámica cordada/Hacha de Combate/ Tumba individual atendiendo a las transformaciones en los patrones de subsistencia (agricultura de rozas vs. pastoreo), distribución del excedente (festejos (2) vs. intercambio de riqueza) y prácticas rituales (colectivas vs. individualizadoras)
Ard marks under barrows
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
National archaeology in the age of European integration
The context Archaeologists of the 1990s are confronted with an apparent paradox: our legal and economic framework is based upon the preservation of the national heritage, while our research objectives and research methods are rather defined by larger regional, European or even international frameworks. In fact this is nothing new – we have always been serving both the present and the past, and will continue to do so. The question that is raised i…
Exploring the Limits
(1993). Exploring the Limits: An Interview with Leo Klejn. Journal of European Archaeology: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 184-194
The Strength of the Past and its Great Might
This essay is part of a critical analysis of the use of the past in present-day society. Different types of past (e.g. heroic or domesticated pasts) are created in different contexts such as books and films, and in the landscape and in urban settings. History has become the dominant ideology of the present, in the interest of nationalist and other social groupings. The changing way in which the past is constructed through time is illustrated with…
Bronze Age World System Cycles [and Comments and Reply]
The political economy of late Neolithic and early Bronze age society
Le projet international archeologique de Thy est destine a engager des recherches sur l'histoire a long terme de l'economie domestique, des modeles d'habitat locaux et de leur integration locale dans l'economie politique, d'une region situee a la limite du monde europeen face a la Mer du Nord. Il est fonde sur une strategie de recherche a trois niveaux : 1) l'homme et l'ecologie ; 2) l'homme, l'habitat et l'economie ; 3) les fouilles d'un echanti…
The tale of the sword – swords and swordfighters in Bronze Age Europe
In this article it is demonstrated through empirical observation that Bronze Age swords were functional and efficient weapons. Their use in real combat is testified by recurring patterns of blade damage and resharpening. Furthermore, ritual depositions of swords with unrepaired scars on the blade demonstrate the prehistoric roots of the Celtic–Germanic–Greek ritual of sacrificing weapons after a victorious fight
Genes versus agents. A discussion of the widening theoretical gap in archaeology
It is argued that archaeological theory during the last decade has lost its theoretical nerve by accepting the development of epistemologically incompatible approaches. Two recent books exemplify the widening theoretical gap in archaeology between different schools of thought, with different interpretative interests. They are Steve Shennan's Genes, memes and human history. Darwinian archaeology and cultural evolution (2002), and John Robb and Mar…
Discourse and dialogue. Some observations and further reflections
Is it possible to enter a dialogue across discursive boundaries? Some comments suggest that agents engaged in defining the discourse, or some section of it, tend to guard the gates of their discourse against hostile intrusions (critique). They therefore do not engage in dialogue. The comments by John Robb provide an example of the power of discursive constraints, while Stephen Shennan is willing to open the gates enough for a good discussion. Ulr…
Social Transformations in Archaeology
Social Transformations in Archaeology
Social Transformations in Archaeology explores the relevance of archaeology to the study of long-term change and to the understanding of our contemporary world. The articles are divided into: * broader theoretical issues * post-colonial issues in a wide range of contexts * archaeological examination of colonialism with case studies from the Mediterranean in the first millenium BC and historical Africa.
What language did Neolithic pots speak? Colin Renfrew’s European farming-language-dispersal model challenged
The author argues that Colin Renfrew’s farming language dispersal hypothesis for the spread of the Indo-European languages is unverifiable, and rests on dubious theoretical and methodological assumptions. Archaeology is better at recognising institutions than language, and present knowledge defines the Bronze Age, rather than the early Neolithic, as the formative period for the development and spread of so-called of Proto- and Early Indo-European…
Problem formulation and historical context define terminology and relevance - not linguistic formalism
In his response, Colin Renfrew retreats to a formalistic argument - Indo-European can only mean a language family. It has nothing to do whatsoever with institutions or religion. This statement simply writes off a whole academic discourse of Indo-European studies. Consequently Renfrew does not accept an argument that links the spread of an institution to a concomitant spread of its language or its terminology. In opposition to this I consider Indo…
L'âge du Bronze, une période historique
Le début de l'âge du Bronze correspond à l'émergence de l'État et de la civilisation urbaine en Mésopotamie à partir des environs de 3000 avant J.-C., c'est-à-dire à l'aube de la période dynastique archaïque. Se voit pour la première fois dans l'histoire la mise en place de liens politiques systématiques sur de grandes distances ainsi que l'accroissement des déplacements et des échanges organisés entre des centres urbains, qui génèrent une demand…
Archaeology (54 obras) · History (52 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (46 obras) · Geography (39 obras) · Bronze Age (24 obras) · Political science (21 obras) · Sociology (21 obras) · Ancient history (20 obras) · History (19 obras) · Art (18 obras)