Sean A P Clouston
Biographic Data
| ID | 177976 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sean A P Clouston |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sean A P |
| FAMILY NAME | Clouston |
| SIGNATURE | CLOUSTON S A P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Stony Brook University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6124-0329 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 243 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Handgrip Strength Among World Trade Center Firefighters and Emergency Medical Responders
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been linked to impaired physical function, which in turn predicts falls, morbidity, and mortality. However, few studies have used objective measures such as handgrip strength to assess physical function. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated associations of average PTSD symptom severity and symptom domain severity with measures of maximum handgrip strength and handgrip asymmetry from 11/2021–12/20…
An exploration of sources of bias in population models of cognitive aging and accelerated decline: A prospective cohort study
Linearized models of cognitive decline yielded high levels of bias that were sensitive to variations in study design and analytic choices. Results support shifting towards methods modeling accelerated decline in studies of cognitive aging and decline
Daily and Trait personality Assessments’ relationship with Daily experiences of stress risk and resilience factors
Inter-cohort shifts in chronic disease, dementia, and mortality
18,528). In addition to exploring shifts in disease incidence we also examine shifts in disease mortality. Both general and sex-related differences are examined. Disease incidence has increased for later-born cohorts in England, replicating similar trends in the U.S. Not all diseases showed differences between men and women, but when differences were identified, women had lower risks for disease. In comparison to the U.S. sample, disease trends i…
A novel approach to model cumulative stress: Area under the s-factor curve
Epidemic Orientalism: Race, Capital, and the Governance of Infectious Disease
Cohort Changes and Sex Differences After Age 50 in Cognitive Variables in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
These cohort effects generally favored later-born cohorts. Implications and future directions are discussed
The Impact of World Trade Center Related Medical Conditions on the Severity of Covid-19 Disease and Its Long-Term Sequelae
The individuals who served our country in the aftermath of the attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC) following the attacks of 11 September 2001 have, since then, been diagnosed with a number of conditions as a result of their exposures. In the present study, we sought to determine whether these conditions were risk factors for increased COVID-19 disease severity within a cohort of N = 1280 WTC responders with complete information on health outc…
Health Outcomes of Elder Orphans: An Umbrella and Scoping Review of the Literature
The Association of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With Longitudinal Change in Glomerular Filtration Rate in World Trade Center Responders
OBJECTIVE: High levels of psychological distress increase the risk of a wide range of medical diseases. In this study, we investigated the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and kidney disease. METHODS: World Trade Center (WTC) responders were included if they had two or more measures of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The PTSD Checklist (PCL) was used to define no PTSD (PCL < 40), "mild" PTSD (40 ≤ PCL <50), an…
A Coordinated Multi-study Analysis of the Longitudinal Association Between Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Function in Older Adults
OBJECTIVE: Handgrip strength, an indicator of overall muscle strength, has been found to be associated with slower rate of cognitive decline and decreased risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. However, evaluating the replicability of associations between aging-related changes in physical and cognitive functioning is challenging due to differences in study designs and analytical models. A multiple-study coordinated analysis approach was used…
Cohort and Period Effects as Explanations for Declining Dementia Trends and Cognitive Aging
Studies have reported that the age-adjusted incidence of cognitive impairment and dementia have decreased over the past two decades. Aging is the predominant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias and for neurocognitive decline. However, aging alone cannot explain changes in the overall age-adjusted incidence of dementia. The objective of this position paper was to describe the potential for cohort and period effects in cogniti…
Socioeconomic inequalities in the spread of coronavirus-19 in the United States: A examination of the emergence of social inequalities
A Retrospective on Fundamental Cause Theory: State of the Literature and Goals for the Future
Fundamental cause theory (FCT) was originally proposed to explain how socioeconomic inequalities in health emerged and persisted over time. The concept was that higher socioeconomic status helped some people to avoid risks and adopt protective strategies using flexible resources: knowledge, money, power, prestige, and beneficial social connections. As a sociological theory, FCT addressed this issue by calling on social stratification, stigma, and…
Systematic Review of Pulmonary Function and Cognition in Aging
Small‐area socioeconomic status and children's oral health in a safety‐net care delivery setting
Within an inner city area of poverty, the greater a census tract's socioeconomic risks to health, the greater the odds that children over age five experience caries and the lesser their odds of having dental sealants. While associations between SES and oral health outcomes across the full spectrum of SES have been recognized, this study suggests that within lower SES areas, SES-associated gradients exist in children's oral health
Estimated Prevalence of Elder Orphans Using National Health and Aging Trends Study
Objectives: By 2050, individuals aged 65 years and older will comprise over 20% of the American population. A portion is at risk for becoming elder orphans: older adults living in the community who lack caregivers or surrogates. Methods: Using the first wave of the National Health and Aging Trends Survey, we estimated the prevalence of older adults who reside in the community, who are socially or physically isolated, and who lack caregivers. Indi…
Demographic correlates of inflammatory and antiviral gene expression in the study of Midlife in the United States (Midus)
composite scores and empirically derived co-regulatory gene sets. For both composite scores and co-regulatory gene sets, White/European Americans showed lower while Black/African Americans showed higher expression of genes involved in interferon responses and antibody synthesis. The effects of chronological age on gene expression varied by sex, such that pro-inflammatory gene expression increased with age more rapidly for females than males. The …
Handgrip Strength of World Trade Center (WTC) Responders: The Role of Re-Experiencing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptoms
Background : This study sought to examine whether handgrip strength (HGS), a measure of muscle strength and a biomarker of aging, was associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a cohort of World Trade Center (WTC) responders at midlife. Methods : HGS was assessed utilizing a computer-assisted hand dynamometer administered to a consecutive sample of men and women ( n = 2016) who participated in rescue and recovery efforts following t…
Education and Cognitive Decline: An Integrative Analysis of Global Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Aging
These results are consistent with cognitive reserve theory, suggesting that education reduces risk of ADRD-pattern cognitive decline. Follow-up work should seek to differentiate specific dementia types involved and consider potential mechanisms
Trauma and Relationship Strain: Oral Histories With World Trade Center Disaster Responders
Existing models of couple functioning after trauma are primarily based on the experiences of returning military veterans. In this study, we conducted thematic analysis of a purposive sample of 49 oral histories of responders to the 9/11/01 terrorist attacks to understand how they navigated life with their spouses after the response experience. Use of multiple coders and analytic matrices increased analytic rigor. In the sample, 34.7% disclosed a …
Area racism and birth outcomes among Blacks in the United States
Mental retirement and health selection: Analyses from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study
Fundamental causes of accelerated declines in colorectal cancer mortality: Modeling multiple ways that disadvantage influences mortality risk
A Social History of Disease: Contextualizing the Rise and Fall of Social Inequalities in Cause-Specific Mortality
Fundamental cause theory posits that social inequalities in health arise because of unequal access to flexible resources, including knowledge, money, power, prestige, and beneficial social connections, which allow people to avoid risk factors and adopt protective factors relevant in a particular place. In this study, we posit that diseases should also be put into temporal context. We characterize diseases as transitioning through four stages at a…
A Retrospective on Fundamental Cause Theory: State of the Literature and Goals for the Future
Fundamental cause theory (FCT) was originally proposed to explain how socioeconomic inequalities in health emerged and persisted over time. The concept was that higher socioeconomic status helped some people to avoid risks and adopt protective strategies using flexible resources: knowledge, money, power, prestige, and beneficial social connections. As a sociological theory, FCT addressed this issue by calling on social stratification, stigma, and…
Area racism and birth outcomes among Blacks in the United States
Socioeconomic inequalities in the spread of coronavirus-19 in the United States: A examination of the emergence of social inequalities
A Social History of Disease: Contextualizing the Rise and Fall of Social Inequalities in Cause-Specific Mortality
Fundamental cause theory posits that social inequalities in health arise because of unequal access to flexible resources, including knowledge, money, power, prestige, and beneficial social connections, which allow people to avoid risk factors and adopt protective factors relevant in a particular place. In this study, we posit that diseases should also be put into temporal context. We characterize diseases as transitioning through four stages at a…
Education and Cognitive Decline: An Integrative Analysis of Global Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Aging
These results are consistent with cognitive reserve theory, suggesting that education reduces risk of ADRD-pattern cognitive decline. Follow-up work should seek to differentiate specific dementia types involved and consider potential mechanisms
A fundamental cause approach to the study of disparities in lung cancer and pancreatic cancer mortality in the United States
Fundamental Causes of Colorectal Cancer Mortality in the United States: Understanding the Importance of Socioeconomic Status in Creating Inequality in Mortality
Objectives. We used the fundamental cause hypothesis as a framework for understanding the creation of health disparities in colorectal cancer mortality in the United States from 1968 to 2005. Methods. We used negative binomial regression to analyze trends in county-level gender-, race-, and age-adjusted colorectal cancer mortality rates among individuals aged 35 years or older. Results. Prior to 1980, there was a stable gradient in colorectal can…
Mental retirement and health selection: Analyses from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study
Educational Inequalities in Health Behaviors at Midlife: Is There a Role for Early-life Cognition
Education is a fundamental cause of social inequalities in health because it influences the distribution of resources, including money, knowledge, power, prestige, and beneficial social connections, that can be used in situ to influence health. Recent studies have highlighted early-life cognition as commonly indicating the propensity for educational attainment and determining health and age of mortality. Health behaviors provide a plausible mecha…
Fundamental causes of accelerated declines in colorectal cancer mortality: Modeling multiple ways that disadvantage influences mortality risk
The role of defamilialization in the relationship between partnership and self-rated health: A cross-national comparison of Canada and the United States
Cohort and Period Effects as Explanations for Declining Dementia Trends and Cognitive Aging
Studies have reported that the age-adjusted incidence of cognitive impairment and dementia have decreased over the past two decades. Aging is the predominant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias and for neurocognitive decline. However, aging alone cannot explain changes in the overall age-adjusted incidence of dementia. The objective of this position paper was to describe the potential for cohort and period effects in cogniti…
Trauma and Relationship Strain: Oral Histories With World Trade Center Disaster Responders
Existing models of couple functioning after trauma are primarily based on the experiences of returning military veterans. In this study, we conducted thematic analysis of a purposive sample of 49 oral histories of responders to the 9/11/01 terrorist attacks to understand how they navigated life with their spouses after the response experience. Use of multiple coders and analytic matrices increased analytic rigor. In the sample, 34.7% disclosed a …
Women's autonomy and cervical cancer screening in the Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey 2009
Daily and Trait personality Assessments’ relationship with Daily experiences of stress risk and resilience factors
A novel approach to model cumulative stress: Area under the s-factor curve
Epidemic Orientalism: Race, Capital, and the Governance of Infectious Disease
Cohort Changes and Sex Differences After Age 50 in Cognitive Variables in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
These cohort effects generally favored later-born cohorts. Implications and future directions are discussed
Health Outcomes of Elder Orphans: An Umbrella and Scoping Review of the Literature
Estimated Prevalence of Elder Orphans Using National Health and Aging Trends Study
Objectives: By 2050, individuals aged 65 years and older will comprise over 20% of the American population. A portion is at risk for becoming elder orphans: older adults living in the community who lack caregivers or surrogates. Methods: Using the first wave of the National Health and Aging Trends Survey, we estimated the prevalence of older adults who reside in the community, who are socially or physically isolated, and who lack caregivers. Indi…
The role of defamilialization in the relationship between partnership and self-rated health: A cross-national comparison of Canada and the United States
Coordinated Analysis of Age, Sex, and Education Effects on Change in MMSE Scores
OBJECTIVES: We describe and compare the expected performance trajectories of older adults on the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) across six independent studies from four countries in the context of a collaborative network of longitudinal studies of aging. A coordinated analysis approach is used to compare patterns of change conditional on sample composition differences related to age, sex, and education. Such coordination accelerates evalua…
Fundamental Causes of Colorectal Cancer Mortality in the United States: Understanding the Importance of Socioeconomic Status in Creating Inequality in Mortality
Objectives. We used the fundamental cause hypothesis as a framework for understanding the creation of health disparities in colorectal cancer mortality in the United States from 1968 to 2005. Methods. We used negative binomial regression to analyze trends in county-level gender-, race-, and age-adjusted colorectal cancer mortality rates among individuals aged 35 years or older. Results. Prior to 1980, there was a stable gradient in colorectal can…
A fundamental cause approach to the study of disparities in lung cancer and pancreatic cancer mortality in the United States
Association between an Internet-Based Measure of Area Racism and Black Mortality
Racial disparities in health are well-documented and represent a significant public health concern in the US. Racism-related factors contribute to poorer health and higher mortality rates among Blacks compared to other racial groups. However, methods to measure racism and monitor its associations with health at the population-level have remained elusive. In this study, we investigated the utility of a previously developed Internet search-based pr…
Educational Inequalities in Health Behaviors at Midlife: Is There a Role for Early-life Cognition
Education is a fundamental cause of social inequalities in health because it influences the distribution of resources, including money, knowledge, power, prestige, and beneficial social connections, that can be used in situ to influence health. Recent studies have highlighted early-life cognition as commonly indicating the propensity for educational attainment and determining health and age of mortality. Health behaviors provide a plausible mecha…
A Social History of Disease: Contextualizing the Rise and Fall of Social Inequalities in Cause-Specific Mortality
Fundamental cause theory posits that social inequalities in health arise because of unequal access to flexible resources, including knowledge, money, power, prestige, and beneficial social connections, which allow people to avoid risk factors and adopt protective factors relevant in a particular place. In this study, we posit that diseases should also be put into temporal context. We characterize diseases as transitioning through four stages at a…
Women's autonomy and cervical cancer screening in the Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey 2009
Mental retirement and health selection: Analyses from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study
Fundamental causes of accelerated declines in colorectal cancer mortality: Modeling multiple ways that disadvantage influences mortality risk
Area racism and birth outcomes among Blacks in the United States
Handgrip Strength of World Trade Center (WTC) Responders: The Role of Re-Experiencing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptoms
Background : This study sought to examine whether handgrip strength (HGS), a measure of muscle strength and a biomarker of aging, was associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a cohort of World Trade Center (WTC) responders at midlife. Methods : HGS was assessed utilizing a computer-assisted hand dynamometer administered to a consecutive sample of men and women ( n = 2016) who participated in rescue and recovery efforts following t…
Education and Cognitive Decline: An Integrative Analysis of Global Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Aging
These results are consistent with cognitive reserve theory, suggesting that education reduces risk of ADRD-pattern cognitive decline. Follow-up work should seek to differentiate specific dementia types involved and consider potential mechanisms
Trauma and Relationship Strain: Oral Histories With World Trade Center Disaster Responders
Existing models of couple functioning after trauma are primarily based on the experiences of returning military veterans. In this study, we conducted thematic analysis of a purposive sample of 49 oral histories of responders to the 9/11/01 terrorist attacks to understand how they navigated life with their spouses after the response experience. Use of multiple coders and analytic matrices increased analytic rigor. In the sample, 34.7% disclosed a …
Systematic Review of Pulmonary Function and Cognition in Aging
Small‐area socioeconomic status and children's oral health in a safety‐net care delivery setting
Within an inner city area of poverty, the greater a census tract's socioeconomic risks to health, the greater the odds that children over age five experience caries and the lesser their odds of having dental sealants. While associations between SES and oral health outcomes across the full spectrum of SES have been recognized, this study suggests that within lower SES areas, SES-associated gradients exist in children's oral health
Estimated Prevalence of Elder Orphans Using National Health and Aging Trends Study
Objectives: By 2050, individuals aged 65 years and older will comprise over 20% of the American population. A portion is at risk for becoming elder orphans: older adults living in the community who lack caregivers or surrogates. Methods: Using the first wave of the National Health and Aging Trends Survey, we estimated the prevalence of older adults who reside in the community, who are socially or physically isolated, and who lack caregivers. Indi…
Demographic correlates of inflammatory and antiviral gene expression in the study of Midlife in the United States (Midus)
composite scores and empirically derived co-regulatory gene sets. For both composite scores and co-regulatory gene sets, White/European Americans showed lower while Black/African Americans showed higher expression of genes involved in interferon responses and antibody synthesis. The effects of chronological age on gene expression varied by sex, such that pro-inflammatory gene expression increased with age more rapidly for females than males. The …
The Association of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With Longitudinal Change in Glomerular Filtration Rate in World Trade Center Responders
OBJECTIVE: High levels of psychological distress increase the risk of a wide range of medical diseases. In this study, we investigated the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and kidney disease. METHODS: World Trade Center (WTC) responders were included if they had two or more measures of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The PTSD Checklist (PCL) was used to define no PTSD (PCL < 40), "mild" PTSD (40 ≤ PCL <50), an…
A Coordinated Multi-study Analysis of the Longitudinal Association Between Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Function in Older Adults
OBJECTIVE: Handgrip strength, an indicator of overall muscle strength, has been found to be associated with slower rate of cognitive decline and decreased risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. However, evaluating the replicability of associations between aging-related changes in physical and cognitive functioning is challenging due to differences in study designs and analytical models. A multiple-study coordinated analysis approach was used…
Cohort and Period Effects as Explanations for Declining Dementia Trends and Cognitive Aging
Studies have reported that the age-adjusted incidence of cognitive impairment and dementia have decreased over the past two decades. Aging is the predominant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias and for neurocognitive decline. However, aging alone cannot explain changes in the overall age-adjusted incidence of dementia. The objective of this position paper was to describe the potential for cohort and period effects in cogniti…
Socioeconomic inequalities in the spread of coronavirus-19 in the United States: A examination of the emergence of social inequalities
A Retrospective on Fundamental Cause Theory: State of the Literature and Goals for the Future
Fundamental cause theory (FCT) was originally proposed to explain how socioeconomic inequalities in health emerged and persisted over time. The concept was that higher socioeconomic status helped some people to avoid risks and adopt protective strategies using flexible resources: knowledge, money, power, prestige, and beneficial social connections. As a sociological theory, FCT addressed this issue by calling on social stratification, stigma, and…
The Impact of World Trade Center Related Medical Conditions on the Severity of Covid-19 Disease and Its Long-Term Sequelae
The individuals who served our country in the aftermath of the attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC) following the attacks of 11 September 2001 have, since then, been diagnosed with a number of conditions as a result of their exposures. In the present study, we sought to determine whether these conditions were risk factors for increased COVID-19 disease severity within a cohort of N = 1280 WTC responders with complete information on health outc…
Health Outcomes of Elder Orphans: An Umbrella and Scoping Review of the Literature
Medicine (27 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (17 works) · Demography (15 works) · Gerontology (15 works) · Psychology (14 works) · Population (12 works) · Demography (11 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Disease (9 works) · Environmental health (9 works)