Karen Glanz
Biographic Data
| ID | 179220 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Karen Glanz |
| GIVEN NAMES | Karen |
| FAMILY NAME | Glanz |
| SIGNATURE | GLANZ K |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Pennsylvania |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0970-4931 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 67 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 167 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 67 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1981 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
The role of dignity in food assistance
Food Insecurity, Neighborhood Food Environment, and Health Disparities
Trust in federal Covid-19 vaccine oversight and parents’ willingness to vaccinate their children against Covid-19
Trust in federal COVID-19 vaccine oversight was associated with parental willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 among parents whose children have not yet been vaccinated. Identifying and addressing causes of mistrust are crucial next steps to promote child vaccination. Intervention efforts to address trust gaps should remain a public health priority
The relationship between trust in federal oversight of vaccine safety and willingness to participate in Covid-19 clinical trials
Willingness to participate in clinical trials may be bolstered by strengthening the public's trust in the federal government's role within vaccine safety oversight, increasing the perceived relevance of clinical trials to individuals' health and well-being, and offering tailored information to educate diverse communities about ongoing trials and how to enroll in them
Crime-related perceptions and walking for recreation inside and outside one's home neighborhood
Testing a Prostate Cancer Educational Intervention in High-Burden Neighborhoods
Development of a Survey of Sunscreen Use and Attitudes among Adults in Two Coastal States, 2019
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States, and regular use of broad-spectrum sunscreens can prevent skin cancer. However, a new law in Hawaii that limits sunscreen choices due to the belief that some UV (ultraviolet) filters may damage coral reefs may reduce sunscreen use and increase skin-cancer risk. Because of this, there is a need for measurement tools to help understand consumer behavior and determinants of sunscreen…
Stigma, beliefs and perceptions regarding prostate cancer among Black and Latino men and women
Black and Latino focus groups revealed the existence of cultural beliefs, misunderstandings and fears pertaining to PC which could influence health-related behaviors. Some themes were common across groups; others suggested racial and gender predilections. Future targeted efforts focused on directly addressing prevalent misperceptions among underserved communities in urban settings could help to improve health literacy and equity in PC outcomes in…
How individual and neighborhood characteristics relate to health topic awareness and information seeking
Structural determinants of health like neighborhood are often overlooked in the context of understanding public awareness of health topics and health information seeking behaviors. Seeking health information is particularly relevant given that some communities have higher prevalence of disease than others. Using the Structural Influence Model of Health Communication (SIMHC), this paper examines how both individual and neighborhood level character…
Correlates of Healthy Eating in Urban Food Desert Communities
The food environment is well documented as an important emphasis for public health intervention. While theoretical models of the relationship between the food environment and dietary outcomes have been proposed, empirical testing of conceptual models has been limited. The purpose of this study was to explore which factors in nutrition environments are significantly associated with dietary outcomes in two urban, low-income, and minority food deser…
Developing and Testing Message Strategies to Reduce Indoor Tanning
Objectives: Indoor tanning, which is most common among 18-25-year-old white women, increases the risk of skin cancer. To address this problem, we developed and tested messages with a national sample of indoor tanners to determine beliefs that would encourage them to quit. Methods: Messages discouraging indoor tanning using different persuasive themes (skin cancer risk, appearance risk, well-being enhancement) were developed based on formative res…
Consumers' Ability to Distinguish Between Milk Types
The objective of this study was to assess consumers' ability to correctly identify different types of milk in a blind taste test and correlates of plans to purchase lower fat milk. Adults from 8 supermarkets in low-income neighborhoods tasted 3 types of unlabeled lower fat or fat-free milk samples and guessed the type of each sample. Of the 1074 participants, only 7.6% were able to identify all 3 unlabeled samples correctly. Most adults in this s…
Neighborhood built environment associations with adolescents' location-specific sedentary and screen time
Racial and Ethnic Trends in Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Philadelphia, PA
Why Effective Interventions Do Not Work for All Patients
BACKGROUND: Half of all Americans have a chronic disease. Promoting healthy behaviors to decrease this burden is a national priority. A number of behavioral interventions have proven efficacy; yet even the most effective of these has high levels of nonresponse. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we explore variation in response to an evidence-based community health worker (CHW) intervention for chronic disease management. RESEARCH DESIGN: We used a conve…
Disparities in pedestrian streetscape environments by income and race/ethnicity
Growing evidence suggests that microscale pedestrian environment features, such as sidewalk quality, crosswalks, and neighborhood aesthetics, may affect residents' physical activity. This study examined whether disparities in microscale pedestrian features existed between neighborhoods of differing socioeconomic and racial/ethnic composition. Using the validated Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes (MAPS), pedestrian environment features w…
Built environment assessment
There has been significant progress in collaboration across key disciplines that contribute to studies of built environments and obesity, but important gaps remain. Using lessons from interprofessional education and team science, along with appreciation of and attention to other disciplines׳ contributions, can promote more effective cross-disciplinary collaboration in obesity prevention
Socioeconomic and race/ethnic disparities in observed park quality
Patterns of association of neighborhood race/ethnicity and income with park qualities differed between regions. In the Seattle region, "equitable differences" were found, where lower income neighborhoods had better park quality on average. In the Baltimore region, park quality was more consistently negatively associated with income and race/ethnic diversity, and complex interactions of race/ethnicity by income were detected. These findings emphas…
Barriers and facilitators to patient retention in HIV care
BACKGROUND: Retention in HIV care improves survival and reduces the risk of HIV transmission to others. Multiple quantitative studies have described demographic and clinical characteristics associated with retention in HIV care. However, qualitative studies are needed to better understand barriers and facilitators. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 51 HIV-infected individuals, 25 who were retained in care and 26 not retained…
Mapping patient-identified barriers and facilitators to retention in HIV care and antiretroviral therapy adherence to Andersen's Behavioral Model
Andersen's Behavioral Model (ABM) provides a framework for understanding how patient and environmental factors impact health behaviors and outcomes. We compared patient-identified barriers/facilitators to retention in care and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and evaluated how they mapped to ABM. Qualitative semi-structured interviews with 51 HIV-infected adults at HIV clinics in Philadelphia, PA, in 2013 were used to explore patients' expe…
The impact of home, work, and church environments on fat intake over time among rural residents
Understanding stability and variability of dietary fat intake from a social ecologic perspective will aid in identifying targets of change for intervention. Understanding which components of key behavior settings are dynamic and which are relatively stable will help to disentangle the complexity of multi-level determinants of dietary behavior
Health Outcomes of HIV-Infected People with Mental Illness
Comparing GPS, Log, Survey, and Accelerometry to Measure Physical Activity
It is often not feasible to deploy accelerometry or GPS devices in population research because these devices are expensive and require technical expertise and data processing. Questionnaires and logs provide inexpensive tools to assess PA and travel with reasonable concordance with objective measures. However, they have shortcomings in evaluating the presence and amount of light and moderate PA. Future questionnaires and logs should be developed …
Consumer taste tests and milk preference in low-income, urban supermarkets
Objective To explore shoppers’ responses to the taste of different types of cow’s milk in a blind taste test and to examine their willingness to purchase lower-fat milk as part of an in-store marketing intervention. Design Participants were recruited on-site in the supermarket to participate in a blind taste test of three varieties of cow’s milk and asked to guess what type they sampled. Setting The taste testing was conducted as part of the Heal…
Patterns of neighborhood environment attributes in relation to children's physical activity
How Far Do Low-Income Parents Travel to Shop for Food? Empirical Evidence from Two Urban Neighborhoods
Research on the impact of the built environment on obesity and access to healthful foods often fails to incorporate information about how individuals interact with their environment. A sample of 198 low-income WIC recipients from two urban neighborhoods were interviewed about where they do their food shopping and surveys were conducted of food stores in their neighborhoods to assess the availability of healthful foods. Results indicate that parti…
The social dynamics of healthy food shopping and store choice in an urban environment
Contribution of streetscape audits to explanation of physical activity in four age groups based on the Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes (Maps)
Association between neighborhood walkability and GPS-measured walking, bicycling and vehicle time in adolescents
Individual and environmental correlates of dietary fat intake in rural communities
Work site-based cancer prevention
OBJECTIVES. This paper presents the behavioral results of the Working Well Trial, the largest US work site cancer prevention and control trial to date. METHODS. The Working Well Trial used a randomized, matched-pair evaluation design, with the work site as the unit of assignment and analysis. The study was conducted in 111 work sites (n = 28,000 workers). The effects of the intervention were evaluated by comparing changes in intervention and cont…
Mapping the urban asthma experience
Patterns of neighborhood environment attributes in relation to children's physical activity
Cancer-Related Health Disparities in Women
Objectives. This article synthesizes information about cancer in 9 populations of minority women: Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban American, African American, Asian American, Native Hawaiian, American Samoan, American Indian, and Alaska Native. Methods. Cancer registry data, social indicators, government sources, and published articles were searched for information on the background and cancer experience of these 9 racial/ethnic groups. Resu…
Neighborhood built environment associations with adolescents' location-specific sedentary and screen time
Results From an Intervention to Improve Rural Home Food and Physical Activity Environments
Coaching combined with a focus on the home environment may be a promising strategy for weight gain prevention in adults
Written Parental Consent and the Use of Incentives in a Youth Smoking Prevention Trial
More Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) are requiring written parental consent in school health intervention trials. Because this requirement presents a formidable challenge in conducting large-scale research, it is vital for investigators to share effective strategies learned from completed trials. Investigators for the recently completed Project SPLASH ( n = 3,716) smoking prevention trial, conducted in 20 Hawaii middle schools, were required t…
The value of conducting door-to-door surveys
This paper argues that door-to-door surveys are a valuable tool for collecting information about health and the environment in urban areas in a manner consistent with community-based participatory research principles. We describe in detail how a door-to-door survey on food shopping and physical activity was conducted with the primary food shopper in 514 households on 30 randomly selected blocks in West and Southwest Philadelphia over seven weeks …
Tobacco Use among Native Hawaiian Middle School Students
Additional research is needed to understand what aspects of ethnic identity are associated with smoking behavior among Native Hawaiian youth. The strong influence of peer and parental smoking suggests the need for interventions that support the creation of social environments that discourage tobacco use
Randomized Trial of Two Dissemination Strategies for a Skin Cancer Prevention Program in Aquatic Settings
Objectives. We compared 2 strategies for disseminating an evidence-based skin cancer prevention program. Methods. We evaluated the effects of 2 strategies (basic vs enhanced) for dissemination of the Pool Cool skin cancer prevention program in outdoor swimming pools on (1) program implementation, maintenance, and sustainability and (2) improvements in organizational and environmental supports for sun protection. The trial used a cluster-randomize…
Impact of a Rewards-Based Incentive Program on Promoting Fruit and Vegetable Purchases
Objectives. We assessed the impact of a rewards-based incentive program on fruit and vegetable purchases by low-income families. Methods. We conducted a 4-phase prospective cohort study with randomized intervention and wait-listed control groups in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in December 2010 through October 2011. The intervention provided a rebate of 50% of the dollar amount spent on fresh or frozen fruit and vegetables, reduced to 25% during a …
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage-Related Public Service Advertisements and Their Influence on Parents
In this article, we describe a novel experimental approach for identifying the effectiveness of distinct persuasive strategies used in audiovisual (television-format) public service advertisements (PSAs) designed to encourage parents to reduce their children's sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption. Eight-hundred and seven parents were assigned to one of three experimental conditions with exposure to PSAs using distinct emotional appeals (fea…
From neighborhood design and food options to residents’ weight status
On Judging Models and Theories
Black‐white differences in factors influencing mammography use among employed female health maintenance organization members
These findings have implications for clinical prevention and for patient and community health education in minority populations
Linking Research and Practice in Patient Education for Hypertension
Data from a longitudinal study of 432 hypertensive patients under the care of private practitioners are used to answer two questions: How do patients react to educational interventions, and how are their responses related to changes in their adherence behaviors? The four educational interventions, introduced sequentially and tested in a factorial design, were written messages, nurse's phone call, self-monitoring and social support. Patients' reac…
An Ecological Perspective on Health Promotion Programs
During the past 20 years there has been a dramatic increase in societal interest in preventing disability and death in the United States by changing individual behaviors linked to the risk of contracting chronic diseases. This renewed interest in health pro motion and disease prevention has not been without its critics. Some critics have accused proponents of life-style interventions of promoting a victim-blaming ideology by neglecting the import…
Black‐white differences in factors influencing mammography use among employed female health maintenance organization members
These findings have implications for clinical prevention and for patient and community health education in minority populations
Work site-based cancer prevention
OBJECTIVES. This paper presents the behavioral results of the Working Well Trial, the largest US work site cancer prevention and control trial to date. METHODS. The Working Well Trial used a randomized, matched-pair evaluation design, with the work site as the unit of assignment and analysis. The study was conducted in 111 work sites (n = 28,000 workers). The effects of the intervention were evaluated by comparing changes in intervention and cont…
Why Americans Eat What They Do
On Judging Models and Theories
Cancer-Related Health Disparities in Women
Objectives. This article synthesizes information about cancer in 9 populations of minority women: Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban American, African American, Asian American, Native Hawaiian, American Samoan, American Indian, and Alaska Native. Methods. Cancer registry data, social indicators, government sources, and published articles were searched for information on the background and cancer experience of these 9 racial/ethnic groups. Resu…
Recruitment Approaches for Family Studies
Sara Chandros Hull, Karen Glanz, Alana Steffen, Benjamin S. Wilfond, Recruitment Approaches for Family Studies: Attitudes of Index Patients and Their Relatives, IRB: Ethics & Human Research, Vol. 26, No. 4 (Jul. - Aug., 2004), pp. 12-18
Written Parental Consent and the Use of Incentives in a Youth Smoking Prevention Trial
More Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) are requiring written parental consent in school health intervention trials. Because this requirement presents a formidable challenge in conducting large-scale research, it is vital for investigators to share effective strategies learned from completed trials. Investigators for the recently completed Project SPLASH ( n = 3,716) smoking prevention trial, conducted in 20 Hawaii middle schools, were required t…
Healthy Nutrition Environments
The authors provide a conceptual model of a healthy nutrition environment, then review the types of measures required to assess various aspects of this environment. Measures fall into priority categories of consumer and community environments.
The Role of Built Environments in Physical Activity, Eating, and Obesity in Childhood
Over the past forty years various changes in the U.S. "built environment" have promoted sedentary lifestyles and less healthful diets. James Sallis and Karen Glanz investigate whether these changes have had a direct effect on childhood obesity and whether improvements to encourage more physical activity and more healthful diets are likely to lower rates of childhood obesity. Researchers, say Sallis and Glanz, have found many links between the bui…
Perceptions of family food rules and food availability and accessibility
Nutrition Environment Measures Study in Restaurants (Nems-R)Development and Evaluation
Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores (Nems-S)Development and Evaluation
Tobacco Use among Native Hawaiian Middle School Students
Additional research is needed to understand what aspects of ethnic identity are associated with smoking behavior among Native Hawaiian youth. The strong influence of peer and parental smoking suggests the need for interventions that support the creation of social environments that discourage tobacco use
Creating Healthy Food and Eating Environments
Food and eating environments likely contribute to the increasing epidemic of obesity and chronic diseases, over and above individual factors such as knowledge, skills, and motivation. Environmental and policy interventions may be among the most effective strategies for creating population-wide improvements in eating. This review describes an ecological framework for conceptualizing the many food environments and conditions that influence food cho…
The Use of Theory in Health Behavior Research from 2000 to 2005
Environmental and Societal Factors Affect Food Choice and Physical Activity
Sarah L. Booth, Ph.D, James F. Sallis, Ph.D., F.A.C.S.M, Cheryl Ritenbaugh, Ph.D., M.P.H, James O. Hill, Ph.D, Leann L. Birch, Ph.D, Lawrence D. Frank, Ph.D, Ka
Physical Activity and Food Environments
Context: Environmental, policy, and societal changes are important contributors to the rapid rise in obesity over the past few decades, and there has been substantial progress toward identifying environmental and policy factors related to eating and physical activity that can point toward solutions. This article is a status report on research on physical activity and food environments, and it suggests how these findings can be used to improve die…
The Role of Behavioral Science Theory in Development and Implementation of Public Health Interventions
Increasing evidence suggests that public health and health-promotion interventions that are based on social and behavioral science theories are more effective than those lacking a theoretical base. This article provides an overview of the state of the science of theory use for designing and conducting health-promotion interventions. Influential contemporary perspectives stress the multiple determinants and multiple levels of determinants of healt…
A Randomized Trial of Tailored Skin Cancer Prevention Messages for Adults
Objectives. We evaluated the impact of a mailed, tailored intervention on skin cancer prevention and skin self-examination behaviors of adults at moderate and high risk for skin cancer. Methods. Adults at moderate and high risk for skin cancer were recruited in primary health care settings in Honolulu, HI, and Long Island, NY. After completing a baseline survey, participants were randomized to 2 groups. The treatment group received tailored mater…
Individual and environmental correlates of dietary fat intake in rural communities
How Far Do Low-Income Parents Travel to Shop for Food? Empirical Evidence from Two Urban Neighborhoods
Research on the impact of the built environment on obesity and access to healthful foods often fails to incorporate information about how individuals interact with their environment. A sample of 198 low-income WIC recipients from two urban neighborhoods were interviewed about where they do their food shopping and surveys were conducted of food stores in their neighborhoods to assess the availability of healthful foods. Results indicate that parti…
From neighborhood design and food options to residents’ weight status
Retail Grocery Store Marketing Strategies and Obesity
Medicine (58 works) · Environmental health (38 works) · Psychology (36 works) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (30 works) · Nursing (21 works) · Geography (18 works) · Gerontology (17 works) · Public health (17 works) · Urban Transport and Accessibility (17 works) · Demography (16 works)