Robert Lew
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 183075 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Robert Lew |
| PRENOMES | Robert |
| SOBRENOME | Lew |
| ASSINATURA | LEW R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6772-210X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 39 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 65 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 39 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1970 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Supplementing Cefr-graded vocabulary lists for language learners by leveraging information on dictionary views, corpus frequency, part-of-speech, and polysemy
The study explores an approach to supplementing existing CEFR -graded vocabulary lists, which are often incomplete, by imputing CEFR levels for additional vocabulary items. This is achieved by analysing word-level data such as dictionary views, corpus frequency, part-of-speech, and polysemy. Using English as a test case, the study employs a variety of machine-learning models to predict CEFR levels for words not included in the initial set. The mo…
Dictionaries versus AI Tools through the Eyes of English Majors
ChatGPT has stirred debates in lexicographic circles, raising questions about its future role in the work of lexicographers. Between October 2023 and June 2024, this study investigated the opinions of 225 Polish students of English, focusing on their use of ChatGPT alongside monolingual and bilingual lexical tools. Our results indicate that ChatGPT is generally regarded as an effective aid for writing and translation. In addition, many students a…
The effectiveness of ChatGPT as a lexical tool for English, compared with a bilingual dictionary and a monolingual learner’s dictionary
Traditionally, language learners have relied on dictionaries when trying to read or write in a foreign language. However, new LLM-based chatbots may offer an alternative to traditional dictionaries as lexical tools. This study assesses the effectiveness of ChatGPT versus the monolingual Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDOCE, 2024) and the bilingual Diki.pl (Diki.pl, 2024) online dictionaries in supporting English language learners in …
Cefr vocabulary level as a predictor of user interest in English Wiktionary entries
This contribution explores the relationship between the English CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) vocabulary levels and user interest in English Wiktionary entries. User interest was operationalized through the number of views of these entries in Wikimedia server logs covering a period of four years (2019–2022). Our findings reveal a significant relationship between CEFR levels and user interest: entries classified at lo…
Dictionaries and lexicography in the AI era
This paper examines the implications of AI and machine translation on traditional lexicography, using three canonical scenarios for dictionary use: text reception, text production, and text translation as test cases. With the advent of high-capacity, AI-driven language models such as OpenAI’s GPT-3 and GPT-4, and the efficacy of machine translation, the utility of conventional dictionaries comes under question. Despite these advancements, the stu…
The Effect of Defining Model on the Accuracy of Syntactic Class Identification in When-Definitions in Digital Dictionaries
The aim of the present contribution is to identify the best variant of the single-clause when -definition in online monolingual English dictionary entries. The study uses manipulated online dictionary entries and a balanced experimental design on a large sample of advanced learners of English to assess the success of syntactic class identification in three sub-types of the single-clause when -definition. Syntactic class identification was measure…
What Lexical Factors Drive Look-Ups in the English Wiktionary
This study aims to establish what lexical factors make it more likely for dictionary users to consult specific articles in a dictionary using the English Wiktionary log files, which include records of user visits over the course of 6 years. Recent findings suggest that lexical frequency is a significant factor predicting look-up behavior, with the more frequent words being more likely to be consulted. Three further lexical factors are brought int…
A Learners’ Dictionary Versus ChatGPT in Receptive and Productive Lexical Tasks
This study assesses the effectiveness of ChatGPT versus the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDOCE) in supporting English language learners in lexically challenging receptive and productive lexical tasks. With a sample of 223 university students at B2 to C1 proficiency levels, this research investigates whether a leading AI-driven chatbot or a high-quality learners’ dictionary better assists learners in accurately understanding and pro…
ChatGPT as a Cobuild lexicographer
Creating high-quality dictionary entries has been a meticulous and time-consuming process, but current developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) could help to speed up this process. This study explores the use of ChatGPT to create COBUILD-style English monolingual entries and evaluates its ability to generate accurate and high-quality sense definitions and example sentences on a sample of fifteen verbs of communication. AI-generated entries ar…
Who Controls the National Academic Promotion System
In studying the performance of academic systems, one often tries to find out—by inspecting some well-defined parameters—how specific changes in the legal system influence the volume and quality of desired outputs, such as publications, patents, or alumni. This mechanistic approach neglects the fact that the main actors in this spectacle are not passive, but have their own priorities, and actively self-organize in response to any changes in their …
The Effectiveness of OpenAI GPT-Generated Definitions Versus Definitions from an English Learners’ Dictionary in a Lexically Orientated Reading Task
In metalexicographical research, experts have judged the performance of technologies such as OpenAI Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT) in lexicographic production tasks as promising yet inferior to human lexicographers. It remains unclear whether this perceived inferiority limits the effectiveness of AI-generated lexicography in resolving practical language doubts. Accordingly, this study compares the effectiveness of AI-generated definition…
Where Should English Dictionaries Place Multi-Word Expressions? A Study of User Consultation Behaviour
Multi-word expressions (MWEs) are a known challenge to lexicographers and language learners alike. Dictionary articles are traditionally organized around single words, so lexicographers are forced to choose the headword under which to include a given MWE. When users encounter a problematic MWE in text, they also face the choice of the component word under which to look it up. The present study attempts to find out what factors can predict such le…
Manifesto sprint on biocultural diversity
New methodological and co-creation approaches are needed in Digital Humanities (DH) for cross-disciplinary collaboration oriented to sustainability. More specifically—in the context of Environmental Humanities and regarding biocultural diversity—a key challenge is to set effective and engaging ways of rapid knowledge generation for public awareness and policy-making. According to the 2019 United Nations report on biodiversity, the world will lose…
Covid-19 Insights and Linguistic Methods
The emergence of COVID-19 affects the world population in many ways, resulting in its own specialised discourse. In addition to providing a source of data for analysis, this discourse has also led to a rethinking of multifarious research methods. This section presents a series of articles by scholars from different parts of the world with macro- and micro-linguistic perspectives, ranging from corpus-based analysis to content analysis studies. At …
Slipping Through the Cracks in e-Lexicography
Despite the remarkable advances made in recent years to facilitate the lexicographer’s work of interpreting and synthesizing the complexity of language uncovered by corpora, an uncritical use of cutting-edge corpus tools and resources can instill a false sense of assurance. In this paper, authentic examples pertaining to wordlist use, collocation research and example selection that arose when compiling a real-world lexical database are discussed …
The Relationship Between Dictionary Look-up Frequency and Corpus Frequency Revisited
In an earlier publication it was claimed that there is no useful relationship between Swahili-English dictionary look-up frequencies and the occurrence frequencies for the same wordforms in Swahili-English corpora, at least not beyond the top few thousand wordforms. This result was challenged using data for German by a different team of researchers using an improved methodology. In the present article the original Swahili-English data is revisite…
The Collaborative Chronic Care Model for Mental Health Conditions
BACKGROUND: Extensive evidence indicates that Collaborative Chronic Care Models (CCMs) improve outcome in chronic medical conditions and depression treated in primary care. Beginning with an evidence synthesis which indicated that CCMs are also effective for multiple mental health conditions, we describe a multistage process that translated this knowledge into evidence-based health system change in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). EVID…
The Image of the Monolingual Dictionary Across Europe. Results of the European Survey of Dictionary use and Culture
The article presents the results of a survey on dictionary use in Europe, focusing on general monolingual dictionaries. The survey is the broadest survey of dictionary use to date, covering close to 10,000 dictionary users (and non-users) in nearly thirty countries. Our survey covers varied user groups, going beyond the students and translators who have tended to dominate such studies thus far. The survey was delivered via an online survey platfo…
Competition of Definition and Pictorial Illustration for Dictionary Users’ Attention
Dictionaries sometimes include pictorial illustrations to complement verbal explanation. The present study examines the question of how verbal and pictorial elements within an entry compete for dictionary users' attention, and how this competition affects meaning extraction and retention. The study employs eye-tracking technology to analyse the gaze patterns of Polish learners of English consulting illustrated monolingual English learner dictiona…
Can a Dictionary Help you Write Better? A User Study of an Active Bilingual Dictionary for Polish Learners of English
The present study probed the effectiveness for L2 writing of Longman Słownik Współczesny (Fisiak et al. 2004), a bilingual dictionary for Polish learners of English designed primarily with production tasks in mind (Adamska-Sałaciak 2005). Three groups of Polish secondary school students in their final year were asked to write an argumentative essay: one group with the help of a paper copy of Longman Słownik Współczesny, one with a PC version of t…
Dictionaries for learners of English
The Department of Lexicography and Lexicology at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań has done extensive research on dictionary use in the context of language teaching and learning. The department forms part of the Faculty of English, which is the largest institution in continental Europe educating teachers of English at the B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. levels. Therefore, it is only natural that the language-teaching potential of dictionaries is the mai…
Research into the use of online dictionaries
Studies on dictionary use have been gaining ground over the last three decades or so, but while dictionary use has moved dynamically into the digital medium, user research on digital dictionaries has been somewhat slow in coming. In view of this, the first book-length work on the use of online dictionaries (Müller-Spitzer 2014) is particularly welcome. The present article undertakes a detailed critical review of the studies included in the volume…
Dictionary Users in the Digital Revolution
This contribution examines the digital revolution in lexicography from the perspective \nof the dictionary user. We begin with an observation that in the information age the \nstatus of the dictionary is changing, and so are patterns of user behaviour, with general \ninternet search engines encroaching on the grounds traditionally reserved for lexicographic \nqueries. Clearly, we need to know more about user behaviour in the digital \nenvironment…
Do Menus Provide Added Value to Signposts in Print Monolingual Dictionary Entries? An Application of Linear Mixed-Effects Modelling in Dictionary User Research
There is some evidence that language learners as dictionary users benefit from access to sense-guiding devices. This study is a first attempt at comparing the efficiency (entry consultation time) and effectiveness (accuracy of sense selection) of sense signposts against a combination of signposts and menus in print monolingual dictionaries for learners of English. Experimental data from 118 intermediate Polish students of English were collected, …
Dictionaries and Technology
Lexicographers have always understood the importance of working with authentic language data in describing language. Before the advent of computers, serious dictionary‐making involved an arduous process of manually collecting millions of citations from literature. Dictionary‐makers were sometimes assisted in this task by the educated public through special reading programs. The resulting citations were placed on citation slips and painstakingly a…
Heise's Causal Model Applied
I Further details on the simulation and its observed outputs are given in an unpublished report by Pelz et al. (1968), prepared under a grant from the National Science Foundation, GS-1873, with supplementary aid from the National Broadcasting Company. The original simulation program was written by Spyros Magliveras. Fruitful suggestions have been given by Graham Kalton. Arthur S. Goldberger (personal correspondence) has indicated alternative ways…
Studies in Dictionary Use
Empirical study of dictionary use is now almost one hundred years old, if we count Grinstead (1915) as the first paper in this category. Obviously, a larger part of the long period saw very little research activity, as the majority of the empirical user studies available today have been done in the last two decades or so (for a recent survey, see Welker 2010). Several authors have pointed out the methodological shortcomings of some of those studi…
Can a Dictionary Help you Write Better? A User Study of an Active Bilingual Dictionary for Polish Learners of English
The present study probed the effectiveness for L2 writing of Longman Słownik Współczesny (Fisiak et al. 2004), a bilingual dictionary for Polish learners of English designed primarily with production tasks in mind (Adamska-Sałaciak 2005). Three groups of Polish secondary school students in their final year were asked to write an argumentative essay: one group with the help of a paper copy of Longman Słownik Współczesny, one with a PC version of t…
A New Type of Folk-inspired Definition in English Monolingual Learners' Dictionaries and its Usefulness for Conveying Syntactic Information
A new type of definition of abstract noun headwords, the single-clause when-definition, has recently found its way into major English monolingual learners' dictionaries. In line with a current broad tendency in pedagogical lexicography, the new definition format seems to be modeled after (English) folk defining, although in fact the latter has so far received little systematic study. The present contribution focuses on the usefulness of the new d…
Research into the use of online dictionaries
Studies on dictionary use have been gaining ground over the last three decades or so, but while dictionary use has moved dynamically into the digital medium, user research on digital dictionaries has been somewhat slow in coming. In view of this, the first book-length work on the use of online dictionaries (Müller-Spitzer 2014) is particularly welcome. The present article undertakes a detailed critical review of the studies included in the volume…
A Learners’ Dictionary Versus ChatGPT in Receptive and Productive Lexical Tasks
This study assesses the effectiveness of ChatGPT versus the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDOCE) in supporting English language learners in lexically challenging receptive and productive lexical tasks. With a sample of 223 university students at B2 to C1 proficiency levels, this research investigates whether a leading AI-driven chatbot or a high-quality learners’ dictionary better assists learners in accurately understanding and pro…
The Image of the Monolingual Dictionary Across Europe. Results of the European Survey of Dictionary use and Culture
The article presents the results of a survey on dictionary use in Europe, focusing on general monolingual dictionaries. The survey is the broadest survey of dictionary use to date, covering close to 10,000 dictionary users (and non-users) in nearly thirty countries. Our survey covers varied user groups, going beyond the students and translators who have tended to dominate such studies thus far. The survey was delivered via an online survey platfo…
Dictionary Users in the Digital Revolution
This contribution examines the digital revolution in lexicography from the perspective \nof the dictionary user. We begin with an observation that in the information age the \nstatus of the dictionary is changing, and so are patterns of user behaviour, with general \ninternet search engines encroaching on the grounds traditionally reserved for lexicographic \nqueries. Clearly, we need to know more about user behaviour in the digital \nenvironment…
Do Menus Provide Added Value to Signposts in Print Monolingual Dictionary Entries? An Application of Linear Mixed-Effects Modelling in Dictionary User Research
There is some evidence that language learners as dictionary users benefit from access to sense-guiding devices. This study is a first attempt at comparing the efficiency (entry consultation time) and effectiveness (accuracy of sense selection) of sense signposts against a combination of signposts and menus in print monolingual dictionaries for learners of English. Experimental data from 118 intermediate Polish students of English were collected, …
Electronic Dictionary Entries with Animated Pictures
In a well-known study, Laufer and Hill (2000) used an experimental electronic dictionary to investigate the lookup patterns and preferences of Israeli and Chinese learners of English and their effect on word retention. The present study attempts to replicate and extend Laufer and Hill's experiment with Polish learners of English. Animated images are introduced in an experimental online dictionary, and are tested on lexical items denoting facial e…
The Effectiveness of OpenAI GPT-Generated Definitions Versus Definitions from an English Learners’ Dictionary in a Lexically Orientated Reading Task
In metalexicographical research, experts have judged the performance of technologies such as OpenAI Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT) in lexicographic production tasks as promising yet inferior to human lexicographers. It remains unclear whether this perceived inferiority limits the effectiveness of AI-generated lexicography in resolving practical language doubts. Accordingly, this study compares the effectiveness of AI-generated definition…
Competition of Definition and Pictorial Illustration for Dictionary Users’ Attention
Dictionaries sometimes include pictorial illustrations to complement verbal explanation. The present study examines the question of how verbal and pictorial elements within an entry compete for dictionary users' attention, and how this competition affects meaning extraction and retention. The study employs eye-tracking technology to analyse the gaze patterns of Polish learners of English consulting illustrated monolingual English learner dictiona…
Dictionaries for learners of English
The Department of Lexicography and Lexicology at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań has done extensive research on dictionary use in the context of language teaching and learning. The department forms part of the Faculty of English, which is the largest institution in continental Europe educating teachers of English at the B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. levels. Therefore, it is only natural that the language-teaching potential of dictionaries is the mai…
Online English Learners' Dictionaries and Misspellings
A previous study (Lew and Mitton 2011) found that the leading monolingual English learners’ dictionaries in their online versions coped poorly with misspelled words as search terms. This paper reports on a repeat of this study in 2012, which obtained similar results, though some changes from 2011 are noted. As in 2011, the performance of the dictionaries was compared with that of an experimental context-free spellchecker, and again the online dic…
Heise's Causal Model Applied
I Further details on the simulation and its observed outputs are given in an unpublished report by Pelz et al. (1968), prepared under a grant from the National Science Foundation, GS-1873, with supplementary aid from the National Broadcasting Company. The original simulation program was written by Spyros Magliveras. Fruitful suggestions have been given by Graham Kalton. Arthur S. Goldberger (personal correspondence) has indicated alternative ways…
Responsiveness of Self-Reported and Objective Measures of Disease Severity in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Responsiveness, the ability to detect meaningful clinical change, is a critical attribute of instruments used to evaluate outcomes of treatments. The authors hypothesized that self-administered symptom severity and functional status questionnaires are more responsive to clinical improvement after carpal tunnel release than traditional physical examination measures of strength and sensibility. Data were obtained from a randomized clinical trial of…
Measuring Clinically Important Changes With Patient-Oriented Questionnaires
BACKGROUND: The measurement of the patient's experience with a condition or an illness is an important and quantifiable outcome and an example of action research. By making these concerns paramount, the goals and processes of health care can be redirected from anatomical and physiologic restoration to patient-oriented outcomes. At the same time, research can illuminate the complex mechanisms responsible. METHODS: Critical, analytic synthesis and …
Development of a Tool to Assess the Team Leadership Skills of Medical Residents
The RLS has robust psychometric properties. It may provide a useful tool for a broader assessment of trainee skill if validated in other settings
A New Type of Folk-inspired Definition in English Monolingual Learners' Dictionaries and its Usefulness for Conveying Syntactic Information
A new type of definition of abstract noun headwords, the single-clause when-definition, has recently found its way into major English monolingual learners' dictionaries. In line with a current broad tendency in pedagogical lexicography, the new definition format seems to be modeled after (English) folk defining, although in fact the latter has so far received little systematic study. The present contribution focuses on the usefulness of the new d…
Herbert Andreas Welker. O Uso de dicionarios
The work under review presents a comprehensive overview of the existing empirical research on dictionary use. The main body of the book offers summaries of 220 individual studies, an average summary amounting to about a page and half, and thus quite substantial. The summaries have all been written by the author, and most are based on his first-hand reading of the original works. A minority of the summaries (I have counted 40 of these) are based o…
Piotr Muldner-Nieckowski. Frazeologia poszerzona
Journal Article Piotr Müldner-Nieckowski. Frazeologia poszerzona: Studium leksykograficzne. Get access Piotr Müldner-Nieckowski. Frazeologia poszerzona: Studium leksykograficzne.Warszawa: Oficyna Wydawnicza Volumen. 2007. 310 pages. ISBN 978-83-7233-108-3. Price 35 PLN. Robert Lew Robert Lew School of EnglishAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Journal of L…
Martin East. Dictionary Use in Foreign Language Writing Exams
Journal Article Martin East. Dictionary Use in Foreign Language Writing Exams: Impact and Implications. Get access Martin East. Dictionary Use in Foreign Language Writing Exams: Impact and Implications. (Language Learning & Language Teaching, Volume 22). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 2008. 228 pages. ISBN 978 90 272 1983 1. Price: 105€. Robert Lew Robert Lew School of EnglishAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland Search for other work…
Electronic Dictionary Entries with Animated Pictures
In a well-known study, Laufer and Hill (2000) used an experimental electronic dictionary to investigate the lookup patterns and preferences of Israeli and Chinese learners of English and their effect on word retention. The present study attempts to replicate and extend Laufer and Hill's experiment with Polish learners of English. Animated images are introduced in an experimental online dictionary, and are tested on lexical items denoting facial e…
Wlodzimierz Sobkowiak. Phonetics of EFL Dictionary Definitions
Włodzimierz Sobkowiak has published extensively in several areas, including phonetics, phonology, methodology of linguistic science, CALL, corpus linguistics, and, most relevantly for the readers of IJL, phonolexicography. Among his books we find the Pronunciation in EFL machine-readable dictionaries (Sobkowiak 1999), which deals with the phonetic aspects of electronic-medium lexicography. The book under review also deals with phonolexicography, …
The Role of Imagery in Dictionaries of Idioms
This article adopts a cognitive linguistic approach to idioms as motivated lexical units. The focus is on lexicographic applications of the notion of motivation; specifically, on the usefulness of imagery in the form of pictorial illustrations and etymological notes in idioms dictionaries. We discuss the main features of idiom semantics, review the results of research into the influence of motivating information on idiom acquisition, and outline …
Studies in Dictionary Use
Empirical study of dictionary use is now almost one hundred years old, if we count Grinstead (1915) as the first paper in this category. Obviously, a larger part of the long period saw very little research activity, as the majority of the empirical user studies available today have been done in the last two decades or so (for a recent survey, see Welker 2010). Several authors have pointed out the methodological shortcomings of some of those studi…
Online English Learners' Dictionaries and Misspellings
A previous study (Lew and Mitton 2011) found that the leading monolingual English learners’ dictionaries in their online versions coped poorly with misspelled words as search terms. This paper reports on a repeat of this study in 2012, which obtained similar results, though some changes from 2011 are noted. As in 2011, the performance of the dictionaries was compared with that of an experimental context-free spellchecker, and again the online dic…
Dictionaries and Technology
Lexicographers have always understood the importance of working with authentic language data in describing language. Before the advent of computers, serious dictionary‐making involved an arduous process of manually collecting millions of citations from literature. Dictionary‐makers were sometimes assisted in this task by the educated public through special reading programs. The resulting citations were placed on citation slips and painstakingly a…
When-definitions revisited
The aim of this paper is to analyze the usefulness of when-definitions for conveying information on the grammatical category of headwords. Such definitions are currently employed in some monolingual learners’ dictionaries (MLDs) to define abstract nouns, but they have a much longer tradition in English lexicography. By way of introduction, this defining pattern is compared with other definition formats prevalent in learners’ dictionaries. The res…
Dictionary Users in the Digital Revolution
This contribution examines the digital revolution in lexicography from the perspective \nof the dictionary user. We begin with an observation that in the information age the \nstatus of the dictionary is changing, and so are patterns of user behaviour, with general \ninternet search engines encroaching on the grounds traditionally reserved for lexicographic \nqueries. Clearly, we need to know more about user behaviour in the digital \nenvironment…
Do Menus Provide Added Value to Signposts in Print Monolingual Dictionary Entries? An Application of Linear Mixed-Effects Modelling in Dictionary User Research
There is some evidence that language learners as dictionary users benefit from access to sense-guiding devices. This study is a first attempt at comparing the efficiency (entry consultation time) and effectiveness (accuracy of sense selection) of sense signposts against a combination of signposts and menus in print monolingual dictionaries for learners of English. Experimental data from 118 intermediate Polish students of English were collected, …
Research into the use of online dictionaries
Studies on dictionary use have been gaining ground over the last three decades or so, but while dictionary use has moved dynamically into the digital medium, user research on digital dictionaries has been somewhat slow in coming. In view of this, the first book-length work on the use of online dictionaries (Müller-Spitzer 2014) is particularly welcome. The present article undertakes a detailed critical review of the studies included in the volume…
Can a Dictionary Help you Write Better? A User Study of an Active Bilingual Dictionary for Polish Learners of English
The present study probed the effectiveness for L2 writing of Longman Słownik Współczesny (Fisiak et al. 2004), a bilingual dictionary for Polish learners of English designed primarily with production tasks in mind (Adamska-Sałaciak 2005). Three groups of Polish secondary school students in their final year were asked to write an argumentative essay: one group with the help of a paper copy of Longman Słownik Współczesny, one with a PC version of t…
Dictionaries for learners of English
The Department of Lexicography and Lexicology at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań has done extensive research on dictionary use in the context of language teaching and learning. The department forms part of the Faculty of English, which is the largest institution in continental Europe educating teachers of English at the B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. levels. Therefore, it is only natural that the language-teaching potential of dictionaries is the mai…
Competition of Definition and Pictorial Illustration for Dictionary Users’ Attention
Dictionaries sometimes include pictorial illustrations to complement verbal explanation. The present study examines the question of how verbal and pictorial elements within an entry compete for dictionary users' attention, and how this competition affects meaning extraction and retention. The study employs eye-tracking technology to analyse the gaze patterns of Polish learners of English consulting illustrated monolingual English learner dictiona…
The Image of the Monolingual Dictionary Across Europe. Results of the European Survey of Dictionary use and Culture
The article presents the results of a survey on dictionary use in Europe, focusing on general monolingual dictionaries. The survey is the broadest survey of dictionary use to date, covering close to 10,000 dictionary users (and non-users) in nearly thirty countries. Our survey covers varied user groups, going beyond the students and translators who have tended to dominate such studies thus far. The survey was delivered via an online survey platfo…
The Relationship Between Dictionary Look-up Frequency and Corpus Frequency Revisited
In an earlier publication it was claimed that there is no useful relationship between Swahili-English dictionary look-up frequencies and the occurrence frequencies for the same wordforms in Swahili-English corpora, at least not beyond the top few thousand wordforms. This result was challenged using data for German by a different team of researchers using an improved methodology. In the present article the original Swahili-English data is revisite…
The Collaborative Chronic Care Model for Mental Health Conditions
BACKGROUND: Extensive evidence indicates that Collaborative Chronic Care Models (CCMs) improve outcome in chronic medical conditions and depression treated in primary care. Beginning with an evidence synthesis which indicated that CCMs are also effective for multiple mental health conditions, we describe a multistage process that translated this knowledge into evidence-based health system change in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). EVID…
Covid-19 Insights and Linguistic Methods
The emergence of COVID-19 affects the world population in many ways, resulting in its own specialised discourse. In addition to providing a source of data for analysis, this discourse has also led to a rethinking of multifarious research methods. This section presents a series of articles by scholars from different parts of the world with macro- and micro-linguistic perspectives, ranging from corpus-based analysis to content analysis studies. At …
Computer Science (32 obras) · Lexicography and Language Studies (28 obras) · Linguistics (28 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (18 obras) · Natural language processing (18 obras) · Psychology (17 obras) · Lexicography (14 obras) · Natural Language Processing Techniques (13 obras) · Philosophy (12 obras) · Second Language Acquisition and Learning (9 obras)