Samuel Pavard
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1866599 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Samuel Pavard |
| PRENOMES | Samuel |
| SOBRENOME | Pavard |
| ASSINATURA | PAVARD S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6803-8123 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 8 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 5 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 8 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2005 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Adult mortality and nutrition in rural Senegal
BACKGROUND: Global mortality transitions are driven by the epidemiologic transition, resulting in a rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which are partly shaped by the nutrition transition and associated chronic conditions. In low- and middle-income countries, these shifts are often viewed as primarily urban phenomena. Rural populations may therefore be overlooked in efforts to prevent and manage NCDs, despite facing critical public health c…
Evolutionary demographic models reveal the strength of purifying selection on susceptibility alleles to late-onset diseases
Assessing the role played by purifying selection on a Susceptibility Allele to Late-Onset Disease (SALOD) is crucial to understand the puzzling allelic spectrum of a disease: most alleles are recent and rare. This fact is surprising, as it suggests that alleles are under purifying selection, while alleles that are involved in post-menopause mortality are often considered neutral in the genetic literature. The aim of this presentation is to use an…
Structures sociales et structures génétiques dans les populations humaines
Dans cette note, nous revenons sur les grandes lignes de la conférence donnée lors des journées de la SAP 2019 concernant le champ actuel de l'ethnogénétique, qui s'intéresse entre autres à l'influence des systèmes de parenté sur la diversité génétique des populations humaines. Nous présentons certains des résultats principaux d'une étude ethnogénétique menée en Asie du Sud-Est dans douze populations présentant des systèmes de parenté variés, à f…
Residence rule flexibility and descent groups dynamics shape uniparental genetic diversities in South East Asia
OBJECTIVES: Social organization plays a major role in shaping human population genetic diversity. In particular, matrilocal populations tend to exhibit less mitochondrial diversity than patrilocal populations, and the other way around for Y chromosome diversity. However, several studies have not replicated such findings. The objective of this study is to understand the reasons for such inconsistencies and further evaluate the influence of social …
Can Life History Trade-Offs Explain the Evolution of Short Stature in Human Pygmies? A Response to Migliano et al. (2007)
Walker et al. ["Growth rates and life histories in twenty-two small-scale societies," Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18:295-311 (2006)] used life history theory to develop an innovative explanation for human diversity in stature. Short stature could have been selected for in some human populations as a result of the advantage of an earlier growth cessation and earlier reproduction in a context of high mortality. Migliano et al. ["Life history trade-offs expla…
Senescence of reproduction may explain adaptive menopause in humans
The “mother” hypothesis is one of the main adaptive explanations of human menopause. It postulates that reproductive cessation constitutes a strategy that has been selected for during human evolution because mothers at older ages might maximize their fitness by investing resources in the survival and reproduction of their living children rather than by continuing to reproduce. This study provides a test of this hypothesis. Fertility functions tha…
Mother’s Death and Child Survival
The aim of this paper is to account for the effect of mother's death on child survival in a historical population. Using comprehensive data on the early French Canadian population of Quebec, evidence is provided for a higher risk of dying for motherless children that remains significant over all childhood and long after the death of the mother. The specific effect of the loss of maternal care was estimated by comparing mortality before and after …
"Author response for "The kinship matrix
Senescence of reproduction may explain adaptive menopause in humans
The “mother” hypothesis is one of the main adaptive explanations of human menopause. It postulates that reproductive cessation constitutes a strategy that has been selected for during human evolution because mothers at older ages might maximize their fitness by investing resources in the survival and reproduction of their living children rather than by continuing to reproduce. This study provides a test of this hypothesis. Fertility functions tha…
Residence rule flexibility and descent groups dynamics shape uniparental genetic diversities in South East Asia
OBJECTIVES: Social organization plays a major role in shaping human population genetic diversity. In particular, matrilocal populations tend to exhibit less mitochondrial diversity than patrilocal populations, and the other way around for Y chromosome diversity. However, several studies have not replicated such findings. The objective of this study is to understand the reasons for such inconsistencies and further evaluate the influence of social …
Mother’s Death and Child Survival
The aim of this paper is to account for the effect of mother's death on child survival in a historical population. Using comprehensive data on the early French Canadian population of Quebec, evidence is provided for a higher risk of dying for motherless children that remains significant over all childhood and long after the death of the mother. The specific effect of the loss of maternal care was estimated by comparing mortality before and after …
Senescence of reproduction may explain adaptive menopause in humans
The “mother” hypothesis is one of the main adaptive explanations of human menopause. It postulates that reproductive cessation constitutes a strategy that has been selected for during human evolution because mothers at older ages might maximize their fitness by investing resources in the survival and reproduction of their living children rather than by continuing to reproduce. This study provides a test of this hypothesis. Fertility functions tha…
Can Life History Trade-Offs Explain the Evolution of Short Stature in Human Pygmies? A Response to Migliano et al. (2007)
Walker et al. ["Growth rates and life histories in twenty-two small-scale societies," Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18:295-311 (2006)] used life history theory to develop an innovative explanation for human diversity in stature. Short stature could have been selected for in some human populations as a result of the advantage of an earlier growth cessation and earlier reproduction in a context of high mortality. Migliano et al. ["Life history trade-offs expla…
Residence rule flexibility and descent groups dynamics shape uniparental genetic diversities in South East Asia
OBJECTIVES: Social organization plays a major role in shaping human population genetic diversity. In particular, matrilocal populations tend to exhibit less mitochondrial diversity than patrilocal populations, and the other way around for Y chromosome diversity. However, several studies have not replicated such findings. The objective of this study is to understand the reasons for such inconsistencies and further evaluate the influence of social …
Structures sociales et structures génétiques dans les populations humaines
Dans cette note, nous revenons sur les grandes lignes de la conférence donnée lors des journées de la SAP 2019 concernant le champ actuel de l'ethnogénétique, qui s'intéresse entre autres à l'influence des systèmes de parenté sur la diversité génétique des populations humaines. Nous présentons certains des résultats principaux d'une étude ethnogénétique menée en Asie du Sud-Est dans douze populations présentant des systèmes de parenté variés, à f…
Evolutionary demographic models reveal the strength of purifying selection on susceptibility alleles to late-onset diseases
Assessing the role played by purifying selection on a Susceptibility Allele to Late-Onset Disease (SALOD) is crucial to understand the puzzling allelic spectrum of a disease: most alleles are recent and rare. This fact is surprising, as it suggests that alleles are under purifying selection, while alleles that are involved in post-menopause mortality are often considered neutral in the genetic literature. The aim of this presentation is to use an…
"Author response for "The kinship matrix
Adult mortality and nutrition in rural Senegal
BACKGROUND: Global mortality transitions are driven by the epidemiologic transition, resulting in a rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which are partly shaped by the nutrition transition and associated chronic conditions. In low- and middle-income countries, these shifts are often viewed as primarily urban phenomena. Rural populations may therefore be overlooked in efforts to prevent and manage NCDs, despite facing critical public health c…
Demography (5 obras) · Population (5 obras) · Sociology (4 obras) · Anthropology (3 obras) · Biology (3 obras) · Geography (3 obras) · Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences (2 obras) · Diversity (politics) (2 obras) · Evolutionary biology (2 obras) · Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior (2 obras)