Paul A Klaczynski
Biographic Data
| ID | 193729 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paul A Klaczynski |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paul A |
| FAMILY NAME | Klaczynski |
| SIGNATURE | KLACZYNSKI P A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Western Carolina University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1013-5780 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 50 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 14 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2018 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Effects of Thinking Dispositions, General Ability, Numeracy, and Instructional Set on Judgments and Decision-Making
To explore hypotheses based on Stanovich’s proposal that analytic processing comprises a reflective-level, an algorithmic level, and specific mindware, 342 participants completed measures of thinking dispositions, general ability (GA), numeracy, and probabilistic and nonprobabilistic reasoning. In a control condition, numeracy predicted probabilistic reasoning at high levels of both thinking dispositions and GA, and GA predicted nonprobabilistic …
Stress and Coping across the Life Course
The following is a review of the proceedings of the Eleventh Biennial West Virginia University Conference on Life Span Development, chaired by E.M. Cummings, A. Greene, and K. Karraker. The topic of the conference was stress and coping across the life span. Presentations represented a diverse blend of theory and research covering the entire life course. Key themes that emerged were the notion that stress and coping are contextually embedded proce…
Culture, Obesity Stereotypes, Self-Esteem, and the “Thin Ideal”: A Social Identity Perspective
Theories of Conditional Reasoning: A Developmental Examination of Competing Hypotheses
Children and adolescents were presented with problems that contained deontic (i.e., if action p is taken, then precondition q must be met) or causal (i.e., if event p occurs, then event q will transpire) conditionals and that varied in the ease with which alternative antecedents could be activated. Results showed that inferences were linked to the availability of alternative antecedents and the generation of "disabling" conditions (claims that th…
Development of quantitative reasoning and gender biases
One hundred twenty-seven 7-, 9-, and 11-year-old children were presented large or small samples of own-gender enhancing or other-gender enhancing observations. Children read arguments based on the observations, rated argument intelligence, judged the number of other children to whom the observations could be generalized, and provided verbal justifications for their judgments. Own-gender reasoning biases declined with age; these declines were, how…
Adolescent Identity: Rational vs. Experiential Processing, Formal Operations, and Critical Thinking Beliefs
Representations as mediators of adolescent deductive reasoning
In Experiment 1, preadolescents, middle adolescents, and late adolescents were presented 3 deductive reasoning tasks. With some important exceptions, conditional reasoning improved with age on problems containing permission conditional relations, and reasoning fallacies increased with age on problems containing causal conditional relations. The results of Experiments 2a and 2b indicated that problem type (i.e., permission or causal) does not medi…
Development of scientific reasoning biases: Cognitive versus ego-protective explanations
Two conflicting perspectives have dominated the literature on self-serving reasoning biases. One maintains that individuals have difficulty objectively processing information relevant to their personal theories because they are reluctant to relinquish their cause-effect beliefs relevant to that domain. The ego-protective view claims that such biases arise because they enhance or protect individuals' self-views. These opposing positions were studi…
Bias in adolescents' everyday reasoning and its relationship with intellectual ability, personal theories, and self-serving motivation
The author presented 60 9th- and 12th-graders with hypothetical arguments that contained logical fallacies. Arguments were either consistent or inconsistent with participants' theories. Participants rated the quality and truth of each argument, identified perceived strengths and weaknesses in the arguments, and verbally described hypothetical experiments that could lead to evidence falsifying the claims made in the arguments. Results indicated th…
Intellectual ability, rationality, and intuitiveness as predictors of warranted and unwarranted optimism for future life events
Cognitive development in context: An investigation of practical problem solving and developmental tasks
Cultural Variability in Stress and Control: An Investigation of Egyptian Middle-Class, Countryside, and Inner-City Girls
Subcultural differences in the types of stressors, coping strategies, and control beliefs reported by thirty-two 10- to 14-year-old Egyptian girls from middle-class, countryside, and inner-city backgrounds were investigated. Girls were interviewed about the types of stressors they encountered in different life domains, their coping responses in dealing with these stressors, and their general control beliefs. A translated version of Connell's Mult…
Educational trajectory and ?action orientation: Grade and track differences
Sociocultural Myths and Occupational Attainment: Educational Influences on Adolescents' Perceptions of Social Status
Culture, Obesity Stereotypes, Self-Esteem, and the “Thin Ideal”: A Social Identity Perspective
Development of scientific reasoning biases: Cognitive versus ego-protective explanations
Two conflicting perspectives have dominated the literature on self-serving reasoning biases. One maintains that individuals have difficulty objectively processing information relevant to their personal theories because they are reluctant to relinquish their cause-effect beliefs relevant to that domain. The ego-protective view claims that such biases arise because they enhance or protect individuals' self-views. These opposing positions were studi…
Adolescent Identity: Rational vs. Experiential Processing, Formal Operations, and Critical Thinking Beliefs
Bias in adolescents' everyday reasoning and its relationship with intellectual ability, personal theories, and self-serving motivation
The author presented 60 9th- and 12th-graders with hypothetical arguments that contained logical fallacies. Arguments were either consistent or inconsistent with participants' theories. Participants rated the quality and truth of each argument, identified perceived strengths and weaknesses in the arguments, and verbally described hypothetical experiments that could lead to evidence falsifying the claims made in the arguments. Results indicated th…
Educational trajectory and ?action orientation: Grade and track differences
Development of quantitative reasoning and gender biases
One hundred twenty-seven 7-, 9-, and 11-year-old children were presented large or small samples of own-gender enhancing or other-gender enhancing observations. Children read arguments based on the observations, rated argument intelligence, judged the number of other children to whom the observations could be generalized, and provided verbal justifications for their judgments. Own-gender reasoning biases declined with age; these declines were, how…
Intellectual ability, rationality, and intuitiveness as predictors of warranted and unwarranted optimism for future life events
Theories of Conditional Reasoning: A Developmental Examination of Competing Hypotheses
Children and adolescents were presented with problems that contained deontic (i.e., if action p is taken, then precondition q must be met) or causal (i.e., if event p occurs, then event q will transpire) conditionals and that varied in the ease with which alternative antecedents could be activated. Results showed that inferences were linked to the availability of alternative antecedents and the generation of "disabling" conditions (claims that th…
Representations as mediators of adolescent deductive reasoning
In Experiment 1, preadolescents, middle adolescents, and late adolescents were presented 3 deductive reasoning tasks. With some important exceptions, conditional reasoning improved with age on problems containing permission conditional relations, and reasoning fallacies increased with age on problems containing causal conditional relations. The results of Experiments 2a and 2b indicated that problem type (i.e., permission or causal) does not medi…
Cultural Variability in Stress and Control: An Investigation of Egyptian Middle-Class, Countryside, and Inner-City Girls
Subcultural differences in the types of stressors, coping strategies, and control beliefs reported by thirty-two 10- to 14-year-old Egyptian girls from middle-class, countryside, and inner-city backgrounds were investigated. Girls were interviewed about the types of stressors they encountered in different life domains, their coping responses in dealing with these stressors, and their general control beliefs. A translated version of Connell's Mult…
Sociocultural Myths and Occupational Attainment: Educational Influences on Adolescents' Perceptions of Social Status
Educational trajectory and ?action orientation: Grade and track differences
Sociocultural Myths and Occupational Attainment: Educational Influences on Adolescents' Perceptions of Social Status
Cultural Variability in Stress and Control: An Investigation of Egyptian Middle-Class, Countryside, and Inner-City Girls
Subcultural differences in the types of stressors, coping strategies, and control beliefs reported by thirty-two 10- to 14-year-old Egyptian girls from middle-class, countryside, and inner-city backgrounds were investigated. Girls were interviewed about the types of stressors they encountered in different life domains, their coping responses in dealing with these stressors, and their general control beliefs. A translated version of Connell's Mult…
Cognitive development in context: An investigation of practical problem solving and developmental tasks
Intellectual ability, rationality, and intuitiveness as predictors of warranted and unwarranted optimism for future life events
Bias in adolescents' everyday reasoning and its relationship with intellectual ability, personal theories, and self-serving motivation
The author presented 60 9th- and 12th-graders with hypothetical arguments that contained logical fallacies. Arguments were either consistent or inconsistent with participants' theories. Participants rated the quality and truth of each argument, identified perceived strengths and weaknesses in the arguments, and verbally described hypothetical experiments that could lead to evidence falsifying the claims made in the arguments. Results indicated th…
Adolescent Identity: Rational vs. Experiential Processing, Formal Operations, and Critical Thinking Beliefs
Representations as mediators of adolescent deductive reasoning
In Experiment 1, preadolescents, middle adolescents, and late adolescents were presented 3 deductive reasoning tasks. With some important exceptions, conditional reasoning improved with age on problems containing permission conditional relations, and reasoning fallacies increased with age on problems containing causal conditional relations. The results of Experiments 2a and 2b indicated that problem type (i.e., permission or causal) does not medi…
Development of scientific reasoning biases: Cognitive versus ego-protective explanations
Two conflicting perspectives have dominated the literature on self-serving reasoning biases. One maintains that individuals have difficulty objectively processing information relevant to their personal theories because they are reluctant to relinquish their cause-effect beliefs relevant to that domain. The ego-protective view claims that such biases arise because they enhance or protect individuals' self-views. These opposing positions were studi…
Development of quantitative reasoning and gender biases
One hundred twenty-seven 7-, 9-, and 11-year-old children were presented large or small samples of own-gender enhancing or other-gender enhancing observations. Children read arguments based on the observations, rated argument intelligence, judged the number of other children to whom the observations could be generalized, and provided verbal justifications for their judgments. Own-gender reasoning biases declined with age; these declines were, how…
Culture, Obesity Stereotypes, Self-Esteem, and the “Thin Ideal”: A Social Identity Perspective
Theories of Conditional Reasoning: A Developmental Examination of Competing Hypotheses
Children and adolescents were presented with problems that contained deontic (i.e., if action p is taken, then precondition q must be met) or causal (i.e., if event p occurs, then event q will transpire) conditionals and that varied in the ease with which alternative antecedents could be activated. Results showed that inferences were linked to the availability of alternative antecedents and the generation of "disabling" conditions (claims that th…
Stress and Coping across the Life Course
The following is a review of the proceedings of the Eleventh Biennial West Virginia University Conference on Life Span Development, chaired by E.M. Cummings, A. Greene, and K. Karraker. The topic of the conference was stress and coping across the life span. Presentations represented a diverse blend of theory and research covering the entire life course. Key themes that emerged were the notion that stress and coping are contextually embedded proce…
Effects of Thinking Dispositions, General Ability, Numeracy, and Instructional Set on Judgments and Decision-Making
To explore hypotheses based on Stanovich’s proposal that analytic processing comprises a reflective-level, an algorithmic level, and specific mindware, 342 participants completed measures of thinking dispositions, general ability (GA), numeracy, and probabilistic and nonprobabilistic reasoning. In a control condition, numeracy predicted probabilistic reasoning at high levels of both thinking dispositions and GA, and GA predicted nonprobabilistic …
Psychology (14 works) · Developmental psychology (12 works) · Social Psychology (12 works) · Social Psychology (9 works) · Cognition (8 works) · Cognitive psychology (7 works) · Verbal reasoning (5 works) · Abstract reasoning (4 works) · Cognitive Abilities and Testing (4 works) · Epistemology (4 works)