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R Lee

Biographic Data

ID1939
NAMER Lee
GIVEN NAMESR
FAMILY NAMELee
SIGNATURELEE R
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of Liverpool
ORCID0000-0002-9698-810X
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS27
TOTAL CITATIONS129
AUTHOR COUNT27
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1945
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX5
  • Risk, Retention, and the Algorithmic Institution: Artificial Intelligence as a Policy Response to Higher Education in Crisis

    Kelly McConvey, Maya Ghai et al.•ARTICLE•Canadian Public Policy•2026

    Nous examinons les conséquences potentielles de l'adoption de l'intelligence artificielle (IA) dans les établissements d'enseignement supérieur. L'un des moteurs de cette adoption réside dans les contraintes financières résultant de changements politiques qui ont réduit les inscriptions d’étudiants internationaux et les revenus tirés des frais de scolarité, ainsi que le financement public. En nous appuyant sur une analyse antérieure des algorithm…

  • Navigating crowds: Reconsidering visitor recreational experience and crowding preference for a forest park in Taiwan

    Open Access•Wan‐yu Liu, Wanyu Liu et al.•ARTICLE•Forest Policy and Economics•2025

  • Les Coréens Chȧsen-seki au Japon: Une Inclusion Sous Conditions

    R Lee•ARTICLE•Migrations Société•2025

  • Rethinking the Destitution of Nature: Reiner Schürmann on Late Medieval Thought

    R Lee, Richard A Lee•ARTICLE•Philosophy Today•2024

    In Broken Hegemonies, Reiner Schürmann looks to Meister Eckhart as the preeminent thinker of the “destitution of natura” as a hegemonic fantasm. He indicates that, to some extent, Ockham is also a thinker of the destitution of this fantasm. The problem, according to Schürmann, is that Ockham reverts to a natural law morality in his political writings. This essay investigates whether Schürmann is correct in this assessment, shows that he is not en…

  • Creation and Evaluation of a Health Equity Certificate Program for Standardized Patients

    Open Access•Jacqueline Ward-Gaines, Tyler Coyle et al.•ARTICLE•Academic Medicine•2023

    Purpose: Standardized patients (SPs), who are trained in feedback and communication, are used nationally in undergraduate medical education training.1,2 Medical school curricula use simulated medical cases to meet requirements to address health care disparities in diversity, equity, and inclusion.3 Within these encounters, bias exists between the SP and the student.4 At the University of Colorado, with the implementation of an Opioid management c…

  • Sa Awa ng Diyos: Understanding the Lived Experiences of Panata Among Filipina Black Nazarene Devotees in Low-Income Communities

    Open Access•Sophia Sto, Carmela Domingo Ezraella et al.•ARTICLE•Philippine Journal of Psychology•2021•References: 8

    Panata, a prominent part of the Filipino culture, is a religious vow whereby devotees offer a sacrifice for thanksgiving, petition, or repentance in hopes of being rewarded by divine promise. This study focused on the experience of panata among female Black Nazarene devotees from low-income communities and sought to understand how they make sense of these experiences. Eleven participants from the Ladies of the Black Nazarene and Kababaihan ng Buk…

  • Discipleship in Oriental Orthodox and Evangelical Communities

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Religions•2021•References: 14

    In many countries with a strong Orthodox Christian presence there are tensions between Evangelicals and Orthodox Christians. These tensions are rooted in many theological, ecclesiological, and epistemological differences. In practice, one of the crucial causes of tension comes down to different practical understandings of what a Christian disciple looks like. This paper examines key aspects of discipleship as expressed in revival movements in Ort…

  • Frank Laubach and the Adult Literacy Campaign in South Korea in the 1950s–1960s

    Open Access•유성상 유성상, Da-Jung JUNG Da-Jung JUNG et al.•ARTICLE•Korea Journal•2019•References: 1

  • The Impact of Depression on Maternal Responses to Infant Faces in Pregnancy: Women's Responses to Infant Faces in Pregnancy

    Open Access•Joy Alexandra Macrae, Rebecca M Pearson et al.•ARTICLE•Infant Mental Health Journal•2015•Cited by: 1•References: 36

    Research has suggested that prenatal depression may be associated with disrupted maternal responses to infant stimuli, with depressed pregnant women not showing the bias toward distressed infants as that observed in nondepressed pregnant women. The current study examined the effects of depression on self- reported responses to infant stimuli, in early pregnancy. Women with clinical depression (n = 38), and nondepressed women (n = 67) were recruit…

  • The remit of financial geography--before and after the crisis

    R Lee, George L Clark et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Economic Geography•2009•Cited by: 49•References: 23

    Who could have thought that banks would become nationalised, that state debts would reach historical levels, that bulge bracket investment banks would go bankrupt and that the masters of the universe would be so widely vilified? Each in their own way, the four reflections collected in this article address the new issues raised by the financial meltdown for the past and future of financial geography. They also reflect back on the issues raised in …

  • Posters

    Open Access•Ken Anderson, Rogério De Paula et al.•ARTICLE•Ethnographic Praxis in Industry…•2006

    Emerging Markets Platform Group

  • Hommage à Georges-Photios Tapinos

    Open Access•R Lee, Ronald D Lee et al.•ARTICLE•Population•2000

  • Bibliographie des ouvrages cités

    Open Access•S Bahuchet, Maket De et al.•ARTICLE•Civilisations•1997•References: 13

    A ACEVEDO, R. & CASTRO, E., 1993. – Negros do Trombetas : guardiães de matas e rios. Belém, UFPA/NAEA. ALBERT, B., 1992. – Indians lands, environmental policy and military geopolitics in the development of the Brazilian Amazon : the case of the Yanomami. In : Development and change, vol. 23 : 35-70. London, Sage. ALEXANDRE. P. &BINET, J., 1958. – Le groupe dit Pabouin (Fang. Boulou. Béti). Coll. Monographies ethnologiques africaines de l'Institut…

  • The Andean Cocaine Industry

    Open Access•Patrick Clawson, Patrick L Clawson et al.•BOOK•Andean Cocaine Industry•1996•Cited by: 8

    It is commonly known that the Andean nations of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia are the international centers of cocaine production. But until now, there has been no comprehensive view of this billion dol

  • Moral Money? Lets and the Social Construction of Local Economic Geographies in Southeast England

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1996•Cited by: 48•References: 9

    Local exchange employment and trading systems (LETS) have spread rapidly throughout the United Kingdom during the 1990s. Like all economic geographies, they are socially constructed and are more than a simple response to social exclusion. The economic activity generated by and conducted through LETS is based upon direct forms of social relations and a local currency which facilitate locally defined systems of value formation and distinctive moral…

  • Look after the Pounds and the People Will Look after Themselves: Social Reproduction, Regulation, and Social Exclusion in Western Europe

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1995•Cited by: 6•References: 15

    In considering the nature of and route to a desired end point of transition, regulationist models may overlook or internalise the reproduction of labour. Against the background of growing and chronic unemployment in western Europe, an argument is made for the exogeneity of the social reproduction of labour. The conclusion makes a case for a return to considerations of moral, or the reconstruction of civil, economic geographies

  • Gottingen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert: Zur Bevolkerungs- und Sozialstruktur einer deutschen Universitatsstadt; Berlin 1650-1800: Sozialgeschichte einer Residenz. Mit einem Beitrag von Jurgen Wilke; Dem…

    R Lee•ARTICLE•German History•1991

    Journal Article Göttingen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert: Zur Bevölkerungs- und Sozialstruktur einer deutschen Universitätsstadt; Berlin 1650–1800: Sozialgeschichte einer Residenz. Mit einem Beitrag von Jürgen Wilke; Demographic behavior in the past: a study of fourteen German village populations in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Get access Robert Lee Robert Lee University of LiverpoolBy Wieland Sachse. Gottingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht. 1…

  • Urban Population Development in Western Europe from the Late-Eighteenth to the Early-Twentieth Century

    Paul White, Richard Lawton et al.•ARTICLE•Transactions of the Institute of…•1991

  • Urban Population Development in Western Europe from the Late-Eighteenth to the Early-Twentieth Century

    Jan Öhman, Richard Lawton et al.•ARTICLE•Geografiska Annaler Series B…•1990•Cited by: 3

  • Special Issue 1949-1989: The Origins of the Two German States: Introduction

    Eve Rosenhaft, R Lee•ARTICLE•German History•1989

    Eve Rosenhaft, Robert Lee; Special Issue 1949–1989: The Origins of the Two German States: Introduction, German History, Volume 7, Issue 1, 1 January 1989

  • The Dynamic of Regional Economic Development in Nineteenth-century Germany and the Role of the State

    R Lee•ARTICLE•German History•1988

  • Geochemistry and provenance of Eocene chert artifacts, southwestern Australia

    Open Access•J E Glover, R Lee•ARTICLE•Archaeology in Oceania/Archæology…•1984•Cited by: 11•References: 5

  • Age Distribution Adjustments for English Census, 1821 to 1931

    R Lee, D Lam et al.•ARTICLE•Population Studies•1983•Cited by: 1

  • Age distribution adjustments for English censuses, 1821 to 1931

    R Lee, Ronald D Lee et al.•ARTICLE•Population Studies•1983•References: 5

    We use Demeny and Shorter's method, and some modifications of it, to derive estimates of adjustment coefficients to the distribution of women's ages for the English censuses of 1821, and 1841–1931, and to estimate mortality and fertility for the intercensal quinquennia 1841–1871. For 1861/71 we also derive adjustment factors for the age distribution of men. We find that initially women aged 20–24, but not men, were over-enumerated by eight or nin…

  • A Dynamic Feedback Approach to Modelling Spatial Population Density

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1976•References: 25

    This paper presents an approach to modelling population density as a function of space and time, both of which are treated over a continuous domain. An equilibrium (or alternatively, an optimal) distribution of urban population density is specified exogenously. The rate of change of the actual population density is then considered to be a function of the deviations between the actual and the equilibrium (or optimal) density distributions, over ti…

Next
  • The remit of financial geography--before and after the crisis

    R Lee, George L Clark et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Economic Geography•2009•Cited by: 49•References: 23

    Who could have thought that banks would become nationalised, that state debts would reach historical levels, that bulge bracket investment banks would go bankrupt and that the masters of the universe would be so widely vilified? Each in their own way, the four reflections collected in this article address the new issues raised by the financial meltdown for the past and future of financial geography. They also reflect back on the issues raised in …

  • Moral Money? Lets and the Social Construction of Local Economic Geographies in Southeast England

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1996•Cited by: 48•References: 9

    Local exchange employment and trading systems (LETS) have spread rapidly throughout the United Kingdom during the 1990s. Like all economic geographies, they are socially constructed and are more than a simple response to social exclusion. The economic activity generated by and conducted through LETS is based upon direct forms of social relations and a local currency which facilitate locally defined systems of value formation and distinctive moral…

  • Geochemistry and provenance of Eocene chert artifacts, southwestern Australia

    Open Access•J E Glover, R Lee•ARTICLE•Archaeology in Oceania/Archæology…•1984•Cited by: 11•References: 5

  • The Andean Cocaine Industry

    Open Access•Patrick Clawson, Patrick L Clawson et al.•BOOK•Andean Cocaine Industry•1996•Cited by: 8

    It is commonly known that the Andean nations of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia are the international centers of cocaine production. But until now, there has been no comprehensive view of this billion dol

  • Look after the Pounds and the People Will Look after Themselves: Social Reproduction, Regulation, and Social Exclusion in Western Europe

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1995•Cited by: 6•References: 15

    In considering the nature of and route to a desired end point of transition, regulationist models may overlook or internalise the reproduction of labour. Against the background of growing and chronic unemployment in western Europe, an argument is made for the exogeneity of the social reproduction of labour. The conclusion makes a case for a return to considerations of moral, or the reconstruction of civil, economic geographies

  • Urban Population Development in Western Europe from the Late-Eighteenth to the Early-Twentieth Century

    Jan Öhman, Richard Lawton et al.•ARTICLE•Geografiska Annaler Series B…•1990•Cited by: 3

  • A Markovian Entropy-Maximizing Model of Population Distribution

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1974•Cited by: 2•References: 14

    The entropy-maximizing formalism used in urban and regional modelling has typically been applied within a static or equilibrium context. This paper presents a dynamic entropy model of the distribution of population over time. It is initially assumed that a Markov chain adequately represents the residential relocation process. The strategy then involves maximizing the entropy of a Markov chain, subject to suitable constraints, so as to generate le…

  • The Impact of Depression on Maternal Responses to Infant Faces in Pregnancy: Women's Responses to Infant Faces in Pregnancy

    Open Access•Joy Alexandra Macrae, Rebecca M Pearson et al.•ARTICLE•Infant Mental Health Journal•2015•Cited by: 1•References: 36

    Research has suggested that prenatal depression may be associated with disrupted maternal responses to infant stimuli, with depressed pregnant women not showing the bias toward distressed infants as that observed in nondepressed pregnant women. The current study examined the effects of depression on self- reported responses to infant stimuli, in early pregnancy. Women with clinical depression (n = 38), and nondepressed women (n = 67) were recruit…

  • Age Distribution Adjustments for English Census, 1821 to 1931

    R Lee, D Lam et al.•ARTICLE•Population Studies•1983•Cited by: 1

  • The Elements of Roman Law, with a Translation of the Institutes of Justinian

    F C Auld, R Lee et al.•ARTICLE•University of Toronto Law Journal•1945

  • A Markovian Entropy-Maximizing Model of Population Distribution

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1974•Cited by: 2•References: 14

    The entropy-maximizing formalism used in urban and regional modelling has typically been applied within a static or equilibrium context. This paper presents a dynamic entropy model of the distribution of population over time. It is initially assumed that a Markov chain adequately represents the residential relocation process. The strategy then involves maximizing the entropy of a Markov chain, subject to suitable constraints, so as to generate le…

  • A Dynamic Feedback Approach to Modelling Spatial Population Density

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1976•References: 25

    This paper presents an approach to modelling population density as a function of space and time, both of which are treated over a continuous domain. An equilibrium (or alternatively, an optimal) distribution of urban population density is specified exogenously. The rate of change of the actual population density is then considered to be a function of the deviations between the actual and the equilibrium (or optimal) density distributions, over ti…

  • Age Distribution Adjustments for English Census, 1821 to 1931

    R Lee, D Lam et al.•ARTICLE•Population Studies•1983•Cited by: 1

  • Age distribution adjustments for English censuses, 1821 to 1931

    R Lee, Ronald D Lee et al.•ARTICLE•Population Studies•1983•References: 5

    We use Demeny and Shorter's method, and some modifications of it, to derive estimates of adjustment coefficients to the distribution of women's ages for the English censuses of 1821, and 1841–1931, and to estimate mortality and fertility for the intercensal quinquennia 1841–1871. For 1861/71 we also derive adjustment factors for the age distribution of men. We find that initially women aged 20–24, but not men, were over-enumerated by eight or nin…

  • Geochemistry and provenance of Eocene chert artifacts, southwestern Australia

    Open Access•J E Glover, R Lee•ARTICLE•Archaeology in Oceania/Archæology…•1984•Cited by: 11•References: 5

  • The Dynamic of Regional Economic Development in Nineteenth-century Germany and the Role of the State

    R Lee•ARTICLE•German History•1988

  • Special Issue 1949-1989: The Origins of the Two German States: Introduction

    Eve Rosenhaft, R Lee•ARTICLE•German History•1989

    Eve Rosenhaft, Robert Lee; Special Issue 1949–1989: The Origins of the Two German States: Introduction, German History, Volume 7, Issue 1, 1 January 1989

  • Urban Population Development in Western Europe from the Late-Eighteenth to the Early-Twentieth Century

    Jan Öhman, Richard Lawton et al.•ARTICLE•Geografiska Annaler Series B…•1990•Cited by: 3

  • Gottingen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert: Zur Bevolkerungs- und Sozialstruktur einer deutschen Universitatsstadt; Berlin 1650-1800: Sozialgeschichte einer Residenz. Mit einem Beitrag von Jurgen Wilke; Dem…

    R Lee•ARTICLE•German History•1991

    Journal Article Göttingen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert: Zur Bevölkerungs- und Sozialstruktur einer deutschen Universitätsstadt; Berlin 1650–1800: Sozialgeschichte einer Residenz. Mit einem Beitrag von Jürgen Wilke; Demographic behavior in the past: a study of fourteen German village populations in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Get access Robert Lee Robert Lee University of LiverpoolBy Wieland Sachse. Gottingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht. 1…

  • Urban Population Development in Western Europe from the Late-Eighteenth to the Early-Twentieth Century

    Paul White, Richard Lawton et al.•ARTICLE•Transactions of the Institute of…•1991

  • Look after the Pounds and the People Will Look after Themselves: Social Reproduction, Regulation, and Social Exclusion in Western Europe

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1995•Cited by: 6•References: 15

    In considering the nature of and route to a desired end point of transition, regulationist models may overlook or internalise the reproduction of labour. Against the background of growing and chronic unemployment in western Europe, an argument is made for the exogeneity of the social reproduction of labour. The conclusion makes a case for a return to considerations of moral, or the reconstruction of civil, economic geographies

  • The Andean Cocaine Industry

    Open Access•Patrick Clawson, Patrick L Clawson et al.•BOOK•Andean Cocaine Industry•1996•Cited by: 8

    It is commonly known that the Andean nations of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia are the international centers of cocaine production. But until now, there has been no comprehensive view of this billion dol

  • Moral Money? Lets and the Social Construction of Local Economic Geographies in Southeast England

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Environment and Planning A…•1996•Cited by: 48•References: 9

    Local exchange employment and trading systems (LETS) have spread rapidly throughout the United Kingdom during the 1990s. Like all economic geographies, they are socially constructed and are more than a simple response to social exclusion. The economic activity generated by and conducted through LETS is based upon direct forms of social relations and a local currency which facilitate locally defined systems of value formation and distinctive moral…

  • Bibliographie des ouvrages cités

    Open Access•S Bahuchet, Maket De et al.•ARTICLE•Civilisations•1997•References: 13

    A ACEVEDO, R. & CASTRO, E., 1993. – Negros do Trombetas : guardiães de matas e rios. Belém, UFPA/NAEA. ALBERT, B., 1992. – Indians lands, environmental policy and military geopolitics in the development of the Brazilian Amazon : the case of the Yanomami. In : Development and change, vol. 23 : 35-70. London, Sage. ALEXANDRE. P. &BINET, J., 1958. – Le groupe dit Pabouin (Fang. Boulou. Béti). Coll. Monographies ethnologiques africaines de l'Institut…

  • Hommage à Georges-Photios Tapinos

    Open Access•R Lee, Ronald D Lee et al.•ARTICLE•Population•2000

  • Posters

    Open Access•Ken Anderson, Rogério De Paula et al.•ARTICLE•Ethnographic Praxis in Industry…•2006

    Emerging Markets Platform Group

  • The remit of financial geography--before and after the crisis

    R Lee, George L Clark et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Economic Geography•2009•Cited by: 49•References: 23

    Who could have thought that banks would become nationalised, that state debts would reach historical levels, that bulge bracket investment banks would go bankrupt and that the masters of the universe would be so widely vilified? Each in their own way, the four reflections collected in this article address the new issues raised by the financial meltdown for the past and future of financial geography. They also reflect back on the issues raised in …

  • The Impact of Depression on Maternal Responses to Infant Faces in Pregnancy: Women's Responses to Infant Faces in Pregnancy

    Open Access•Joy Alexandra Macrae, Rebecca M Pearson et al.•ARTICLE•Infant Mental Health Journal•2015•Cited by: 1•References: 36

    Research has suggested that prenatal depression may be associated with disrupted maternal responses to infant stimuli, with depressed pregnant women not showing the bias toward distressed infants as that observed in nondepressed pregnant women. The current study examined the effects of depression on self- reported responses to infant stimuli, in early pregnancy. Women with clinical depression (n = 38), and nondepressed women (n = 67) were recruit…

  • Frank Laubach and the Adult Literacy Campaign in South Korea in the 1950s–1960s

    Open Access•유성상 유성상, Da-Jung JUNG Da-Jung JUNG et al.•ARTICLE•Korea Journal•2019•References: 1

  • Sa Awa ng Diyos: Understanding the Lived Experiences of Panata Among Filipina Black Nazarene Devotees in Low-Income Communities

    Open Access•Sophia Sto, Carmela Domingo Ezraella et al.•ARTICLE•Philippine Journal of Psychology•2021•References: 8

    Panata, a prominent part of the Filipino culture, is a religious vow whereby devotees offer a sacrifice for thanksgiving, petition, or repentance in hopes of being rewarded by divine promise. This study focused on the experience of panata among female Black Nazarene devotees from low-income communities and sought to understand how they make sense of these experiences. Eleven participants from the Ladies of the Black Nazarene and Kababaihan ng Buk…

  • Discipleship in Oriental Orthodox and Evangelical Communities

    Open Access•R Lee•ARTICLE•Religions•2021•References: 14

    In many countries with a strong Orthodox Christian presence there are tensions between Evangelicals and Orthodox Christians. These tensions are rooted in many theological, ecclesiological, and epistemological differences. In practice, one of the crucial causes of tension comes down to different practical understandings of what a Christian disciple looks like. This paper examines key aspects of discipleship as expressed in revival movements in Ort…

  • Creation and Evaluation of a Health Equity Certificate Program for Standardized Patients

    Open Access•Jacqueline Ward-Gaines, Tyler Coyle et al.•ARTICLE•Academic Medicine•2023

    Purpose: Standardized patients (SPs), who are trained in feedback and communication, are used nationally in undergraduate medical education training.1,2 Medical school curricula use simulated medical cases to meet requirements to address health care disparities in diversity, equity, and inclusion.3 Within these encounters, bias exists between the SP and the student.4 At the University of Colorado, with the implementation of an Opioid management c…

  • Rethinking the Destitution of Nature: Reiner Schürmann on Late Medieval Thought

    R Lee, Richard A Lee•ARTICLE•Philosophy Today•2024

    In Broken Hegemonies, Reiner Schürmann looks to Meister Eckhart as the preeminent thinker of the “destitution of natura” as a hegemonic fantasm. He indicates that, to some extent, Ockham is also a thinker of the destitution of this fantasm. The problem, according to Schürmann, is that Ockham reverts to a natural law morality in his political writings. This essay investigates whether Schürmann is correct in this assessment, shows that he is not en…

  • Navigating crowds: Reconsidering visitor recreational experience and crowding preference for a forest park in Taiwan

    Open Access•Wan‐yu Liu, Wanyu Liu et al.•ARTICLE•Forest Policy and Economics•2025

Sociology (11 works) · Political science (9 works) · Computer Science (8 works) · Economics (7 works) · Geography (7 works) · History (6 works) · Demography (5 works) · Philosophy (5 works) · Population (5 works) · History (4 works)

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