Janet M Turan
Biographic Data
| ID | 194203 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Janet M Turan |
| GIVEN NAMES | Janet M |
| FAMILY NAME | Turan |
| SIGNATURE | TURAN J M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Alabama at Birmingham |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7802-6206 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 121 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 192 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 121 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Predictors of worsening food security among women living with and without HIV and seronegative women during Covid-19: A mixed methods study
This study aimed to assess the prevalence, severity, predictors, and lived experiences of food insecurity among women enrolled in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study in the USA in 2020, at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that pre-existing socioeconomic and health-related disparities would heighten the risk of worsening food insecurity during the pandemic. The 10-item US Household Food Security Survey was administered to partici…
Associations Between Extreme Weather Events, Resource Insecurities, and HIV Vulnerabilities Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Kenya: Latent Profile Analysis Findings
Maternity Care Experiences of Non-Hispanic Black Women in Southern US Maternity Care Settings
Both positive and negative maternity care experiences, including instances of overt racism and discrimination were reported by NHB women and families who had experienced adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our findings highlight the need to prioritize respectful maternity care through targeted quality measures
Refugee stigma and its toll on mental health: Development and validation of the refugee stigma scale (RSS)
BACKGROUND: Unprecedented, forced displacement, especially from conflict and war areas, requires addressing resultant mental health issues. AIM: Refugees experience mental and physical health problems due to post-displacement stressors, and the pervasive stigma associated with refugee status can exacerbate these difficulties, highlighting the need for a comprehensive assessment tool to understand various facets of refugee stigma. METHOD: We devel…
Climate change, resource insecurities and sexual and reproductive health among young adolescents in Kenya: A multi-method qualitative inquiry
INTRODUCTION: Growing evidence supports linkages between climate change and extreme weather events (EWEs) and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) among adults. Yet knowledge gaps persist regarding climate-related experiences and pathways to SRH among young adolescents (YA). We conducted a multi-method qualitative study to explore climate change-related factors and linkages with SRH among YA aged 10-14 years in Kenya. METHODS: This six-site study…
Widowhood stigma as a fundamental cause of poor mental, sexual, and reproductive health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: A conceptual framework
Widows in sub-Saharan Africa experience stigma linked to their social identity of widowhood. Despite the known significant impacts of stigma on health and wellbeing, widowhood stigma is less conceptualized and studied and its effects on widows' mental, sexual and reproductive health are not delineated. We thematically reviewed literature mentioning widowhood stigma and its effects in Africa. Applying the fundamental cause theory to this literatur…
Pathways between intimate partner violence and HIV care and treatment during pregnancy and postpartum: A qualitative study in southwestern Kenya
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with suboptimal HIV treatment behaviors and health outcomes among perinatal women. Less is known about the postpartum phase or how distinct types of perinatal IPV exposure may inhibit HIV-related care. We conducted a qualitative study nested within an ongoing trial among perinatal women in rural Kenya to explore the influence of IPV on adherence to HIV treatment during pregnancy and postpartum. In 202…
Development and Implementation of Informational Toolkits to Address Inequities in Covid-19 Testing
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected African American communities. Informational toolkits have emerged as a strategy to address such inequities. Community-driven approaches to toolkit design may enhance their relevance and impact in underserved communities. Methods: Using a human-centered design approach, we developed COVID-19 testing toolkits tailored to health care, faith-based, and public housing settings in rural and …
Results of a workshop intervention trial to reduce HIV and intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities and healthcare workers in the Dominican Republic
Eliminating stigmas that harm sexual and gender minorities (SGM) with HIV is necessary to end the epidemic; however, few validated stigma-reducing interventions for healthcare settings exist, and even fewer have been evaluated in Spanish-speaking contexts. Finding Respect and Ending Stigma around HIV (FRESH) is a healthcare setting stigma-reduction intervention that was adapted and tested to address HIV and intersectional stigmas that harm SGM wi…
Disclosure concerns moderate the association between internalized stigma and antiretroviral medication adherence among people with HIV in the Dominican Republic
HIV-related stigma remains a significant barrier to antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among people with HIV (PWH). Internalized stigma has been consistently linked to poorer ART adherence. However, the role of disclosure concerns, worries or fears about revealing one’s HIV status, remains unclear. This study examines whether disclosure concerns moderate the relationship between internalized stigma and ART adherence among PWH in the Dominican…
Association between HIV knowledge and stigma among HIV health care workers in the Dominican Republic: The role of empathy and social distance
Out-of-date HIV knowledge among healthcare workers (HCW) can hinder the quality of care for people with HIV (PWH) and contribute to stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors. However, the role of HIV knowledge on stigma and mechanisms underlying HCWs' attitudes and behaviors remain understudied. This study examined empathy and social distance as mediators in the relationship between HIV knowledge and stigma toward PWH among HCWs. Cross-sectional data …
You’re in an Image of a Man but Not a Man”: A Qualitative Analysis of Intersectional Stigma Among Men with HIV Experiencing Subfertility in Rural Southwestern Uganda
Many men with HIV (MWH) want to have children and may encounter HIV- and infertility-related stigma experiences. Integration of reproductive health and HIV care for men is rare. When available, safer conception care focuses on HIV prevention but lacks fertility support. We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews in Uganda with 30 MWH who desired more children and self-reported no partner pregnancy after 12 or more months of conception attempts.…
Development and Validation of an Updated Internalized HIV Stigma Scale Among People Living with HIV
Development and Validation of a Novel Risk Calculator to Predict Sub-optimal HIV Outcomes Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women with HIV in Kenya
No tool currently exists to predict the cumulative risk of suboptimal clinical outcomes among pregnant and postpartum women with HIV (PPWH). This study sought to develop and validate a parsimonious risk calculator capable of predicting disengagement from care and HIV treatment failure among PPWH. We created the risk calculator using data from 1,331 PPWH from Southwestern Kenya (Homabay, Migori, and Kisumu Counties) in the Mother Infant Visit Adhe…
Characterising social capital bonds between young, Black sexual minority men and Black women in the Southern USA: A qualitative investigation to inform a PrEP intervention
Young, Black sexual minority men in the Southern USA experience disproportionately high HIV incidence rates, which have been linked to intersectional stigma. Interventions centred on social capital - the sum of all resources gained through social relationships - can reduce stigma and facilitate use of HIV prevention methods, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We sought to understand the social capital bonds between young, Black sexual min…
Associations Between Internalized HIV Stigma and Cognitive Function Among Older Women With HIV
Objectives Internalized HIV stigma refers to the negative beliefs, feelings, and attitudes that people with HIV (PWH) adopt about themselves due to societal HIV stigma. Internalized HIV stigma negatively affects mental health but less is known about this factor on cognitive function in PWH. This study examines associations between internalized HIV stigma and cognition among women aged 50+ with HIV. Methods Internalized HIV stigma was measured in …
Exploring the role of motherhood in healthcare engagement for women living with HIV in the USA
Mothers living with HIV are faced with managing their own complex healthcare and wellness needs while caring for their children. Understanding the lived experiences of mothers living with HIV, including grandmothers and mothers with older children - who are less explicitly represented in existing literature, may guide the development of interventions that best support them and their families. This study sought to explore the role of motherhood an…
Stigmas experienced by sexual and gender minority people with HIV in the Dominican Republic: A Qualitative Study
BACKGROUND: As part of a study to test the feasibility and acceptability of the Finding Respect and Ending Stigma around HIV (FRESH) intervention to reduce stigmas and improve HIV viral suppression, our team collected qualitative data from men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV, transgender women with HIV, and HIV healthcare providers for their perspectives on different stigmas in Dominican Republic healthcare settings. PURPOSE: We aimed to dev…
Association of experienced stigma in healthcare settings with health outcomes among Black women living with HIV: Mediating roles of internalized stigma, anticipated stigma, and trust in HIV care
Health insurance, race, and receipt of a postpartum visit among patients giving birth in a referral hospital in the US South
The Intersectional Influence of Experienced Stigma on Clinically Significant Depressive Symptoms Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men
We sought to determine how intersectional stigma, operationalized by interactions of perceived stigma experiences in adulthood attributed to various social identities/characteristics (age, gender, race, ethnicity/nationality, religion, height/weight, other aspect of appearance [unrelated to the identities/characteristics listed-e.g. height/weight/race/gender], physical disability, sexual orientation, and HIV status), associates with clinically si…
Overcoming Research Mistrust in African American Communities by Engaging Community Members as Research Team Members: Challenges and Opportunities
Objectives: We aimed to understand factors surrounding COVID-19 testing in vulnerable urban and rural African American communities in Alabama, which are characterized by mistrust in medical research. Methods: To address widespread mistrust, we trained lay community members as research coordinators (Community Engagement Coordinators-CECs) and employed them for study recruitment and data collection. We then explored their experiences through group …
Antiretroviral therapy adherence among peripartum women with HIV in Kenya: An explanatory mixed methods study using dry blood spot measures and narrative interviews
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains sub-optimal among pregnant and postpartum women with HIV (PPWH) in high HIV prevalence low resource settings with few effective behavioral interventions. A large body of qualitative literature has established general barriers and facilitators to ART adherence in PPWH at various levels (individual, interpersonal, structural). However, research exploring the underlying behavioral mechanisms of ART a…
Acceptability, feasibility and potential of an intervention using secret Facebook groups to complement existing HIV prevention strategies among female sex workers in Cameroon, a randomized pilot study
This randomized pilot project evaluated an intervention promoting health care literacy around HIV, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and stigma reduction using private social media groups that complemented existing HIV prevention services among female sex workers (FSWs) in Cameroon. The intervention was 12 HIV and sexual health videos tailored to FSWs that were released over 8 weeks through a secret Facebook group platform. In-person surveys were …
Adaption and validation of scales to measure Covid-19 stigma attitudes and perceptions
Stark racial and socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19 case rates manifested across the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic and were also observed in rates of COVID-19 testing. Targeted testing of populations at greatest risk for COVID-19, while effective in containing the spread of COVID-19, could propagate stigma and discrimination, especially when directed toward already marginalized communities. As is known from other health areas, stigmatizati…
The land of the sick and the land of the healthy: Disability, bureaucracy, and stigma among people living with poverty and chronic illness in the United States
Perceptions of intersectional stigma among diverse women living with HIV in the United States
Attitudes and behavior that devalue individuals based upon their HIV status (HIV-related stigma) are barriers to HIV prevention, treatment, and wellbeing among women living with HIV. Other coexisting forms of stigma (e.g., racism, sexism) may worsen the effects of HIV-related stigma, and may contribute to persistent racial and gendered disparities in HIV prevention and treatment. Few studies examine perceptions of intersectional stigma among wome…
Framing Mechanisms Linking HIV-Related Stigma, Adherence to Treatment, and Health Outcomes
We present a conceptual framework that highlights how unique dimensions of individual-level HIV-related stigma (perceived community stigma, experienced stigma, internalized stigma, and anticipated stigma) might differently affect the health of those living with HIV. HIV-related stigma is recognized as a barrier to both HIV prevention and engagement in HIV care, but little is known about the mechanisms through which stigma leads to worse health be…
The impact of current and past interpersonal violence on women's mental health
The Stigma of Having an Abortion: Development of a Scale and Characteristics of Women Experiencing Abortion Stigma
This valid and reliable scale can be used in research examining abortion stigma and related outcomes (e.g., women's health, relationships and behavior). The scale can also be used to evaluate programs and interventions that aim to reduce the stigma experienced by women who have abortions
Precarity and health: Theorizing the intersection of multiple material-need insecurities, stigma, and illness among women in the United States
Including expectant fathers in antenatal education programmes in Istanbul, Turkey
In this article we present the results of three studies investigating methods for including men in antenatal education in Istanbul, Turkey. Participants were first-time expectant parents living in low and middle-income areas. After a formative study on the roles of various family members in health during the period surrounding a first birth, an antenatal-clinic-based education programme for women and for couples was carried out as a randomised, c…
Social Norms and Stigma Regarding Unintended Pregnancy and Pregnancy Decisions: A Qualitative Study of Young Women in Alabama
Findings suggest a need to reduce stigma and create a social environment in which young women are empowered to make the best reproductive decisions for themselves
Jaboya (“Sex for Fish”): A Qualitative Analysis of Contextual Risk Factors for Extramarital Partnerships in the Fishing Communities in Western Kenya
Addressing Intersectional Stigma in Programs Focused on Ending the HIV Epidemic
Mechanisms linking intimate partner violence and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: A qualitative study in South Africa
Postpartum Family Planning and Health Needs of Women of Low Income in Istanbul
This study was designed to learn what types of postpartum health and family planning services are most appropriate for couples with low incomes living in Istanbul, Turkey. The methods used included focus groups, site visits, questionnaires for postpartum women, and a self-administered questionnaire for health-care providers. By five months postpartum, 86 percent of the women surveyed were using some method of family planning. Many couples used wi…
Challenges for the adoption of evidence-based maternity care in Turkey
Biopsychosocial Health Outcomes and Experienced Intersectional Stigma in a Mixed HIV Serostatus Longitudinal Cohort of Aging Sexual Minority Men, United States, 2008‒2019
Objectives. To determine whether intersectional stigma is longitudinally associated with biopsychosocial outcomes. Methods. We measured experienced intersectional stigma (EIS; ≥ 2 identity-related attributions) among sexual minority men (SMM) in the United States participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. We assessed longitudinal associations between EIS (2008‒2009) and concurrent and future hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, antiretr…
Restrictive Abortion Laws Exacerbate Stigma, Resulting in Harm to Patients and Providers
Identifying violence among women patients attending family practices: The role of research in community change
Violence against women has serious consequences. Although victims use health facilities more frequently than others, violence is still not recognized in most services and in the larger community. This study had three aims: (1) to estimate the prevalence of violence among women patients in primary care, (2) to evaluate the feasibility of asking all women about violence, and (3) to make violence visible, and thereby initiate a process of profession…
Association of experienced stigma in healthcare settings with health outcomes among Black women living with HIV: Mediating roles of internalized stigma, anticipated stigma, and trust in HIV care
Longitudinal associations between intersectional stigmas, antiretroviral therapy adherence, and viral load among women living with HIV using multidimensional latent transition item response analysis
The Relationship Between Provider and Patient Racial Concordance and Receipt of Postpartum Care
Designing a couple-based relationship strengthening and health enhancing intervention for pregnant women living with HIV and their male partners in Zambia: Interview findings from the target community
Health facility challenges to the provision of Option B+ in western Kenya: A qualitative study
Current WHO guidelines recommend lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all HIV-positive individuals, including pregnant and breastfeeding women (Option B+) in settings with generalized HIV epidemics. While Option B+ is scaled-up in Kenya, insufficient adherence and retention to care could undermine the expected positive impact of Option B+. To explore challenges to the provision of Option B+ at the health facility level, we conducted forty in…
Postpartum Family Planning and Health Needs of Women of Low Income in Istanbul
This study was designed to learn what types of postpartum health and family planning services are most appropriate for couples with low incomes living in Istanbul, Turkey. The methods used included focus groups, site visits, questionnaires for postpartum women, and a self-administered questionnaire for health-care providers. By five months postpartum, 86 percent of the women surveyed were using some method of family planning. Many couples used wi…
Including expectant fathers in antenatal education programmes in Istanbul, Turkey
In this article we present the results of three studies investigating methods for including men in antenatal education in Istanbul, Turkey. Participants were first-time expectant parents living in low and middle-income areas. After a formative study on the roles of various family members in health during the period surrounding a first birth, an antenatal-clinic-based education programme for women and for couples was carried out as a randomised, c…
Community-based antenatal education in Istanbul, Turkey: Effects on health behaviours
In this article we describe the implementation and evaluation of a community-based antenatal education programme for first-time expectant mothers carried out in Istanbul, Turkey, as part of the Healthy Beginnings Project. We hypothesized that women participating in an antenatal education programme would be more likely to have a vaginal birth, practice recommended maternal and infant health-related behaviours, and adopt a contraceptive method afte…
Identifying violence among women patients attending family practices: The role of research in community change
Violence against women has serious consequences. Although victims use health facilities more frequently than others, violence is still not recognized in most services and in the larger community. This study had three aims: (1) to estimate the prevalence of violence among women patients in primary care, (2) to evaluate the feasibility of asking all women about violence, and (3) to make violence visible, and thereby initiate a process of profession…
The impact of current and past interpersonal violence on women's mental health
Experiences of women seeking medical care for obstetric fistula in Eritrea: Implications for prevention, treatment, and social reintegration
This article presents findings from qualitative interviews with women seeking medical care for obstetric fistula in Eritrea. The interviews were designed to inform programme design for the prevention and treatment of obstetric fistula. Interviews were conducted with 11 new fistula repair patients, 15 women returning for follow-up for their fistula repairs, and five accompanying family members at Massawa Hospital in the Northern Red Sea Zone of Er…
The Quality of Hospital‐based Antenatal Care in Istanbul
The aim of this study was to gather comprehensive data from three hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey, in order to gain in‐depth understanding of the quality of antenatal care in this setting. The Bruce‐Jain framework for quality of care was adapted for use in evaluating antenatal care. Methods included examination of hospital records, in‐depth interviews, exit questionnaires, and structured observations. The study revealed deficiencies in the quality …
Challenges for the adoption of evidence-based maternity care in Turkey
Education for Expectant Fathers in Workplaces in Turkey
Worldwide, there is increasing recognition that if family and reproductive health programmes are to be successful, the involvement of men is essential. As part of the problem, men also have to be seen as part of the solution. The reality is that in many countries, including Turkey, men generally do not accompany their partners to health facilities for family planning, antenatal and postnatal services and are not expected to attend the labour or b…
Use of the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (Nasg) to reduce blood loss and time to recovery from shock for women with obstetric haemorrhage in Egypt
Obstetric haemorrhage is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. In many low-resource settings, delays in transport to referral facilities and in obtaining lifesaving treatment, contribute to maternal deaths. The non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (NASG) is a low-technology pressure device that decreases blood loss, restores vital signs, and has the potential to improve adverse outcomes by helping women survive delays in receiving adequate…
HIV/Aids and maternity care in Kenya: How fears of stigma and discrimination affect uptake and provision of labor and delivery services
Although policies and programs exist to promote safe motherhood in sub-Saharan Africa, maternal health has not improved and may be deteriorating in some countries. Part of the explanation may be the adverse effects of HIV/AIDS on maternity care. We conducted a study in Kisumu, Kenya to explore how fears related to HIV/AIDS affect women's uptake and health workers' provision of labor and delivery services. In-depth qualitative interviews with 17 m…
Violence and Women's Psychological Distress After Birth: An Exploratory Study in Italy
Our aim in conducting this study was to analyze the relationships between violence and maternal psychological distress 8 months after a birth, taking into account other important psychosocial factors, known to be associated both with violence and with new mothers' mental health. A total of 352 women responded to a questionnaire after the birth at a maternity hospital in northern Italy, and 292 also participated in a telephone interview 8 months l…
Violence in the Lives of Women in Italy Who Have an Elective Abortion
Stigma as experienced by women accessing prevention of parent-to-child transmission of HIV services in Karnataka, India
In Karnataka, India only one-third of HIV-infected pregnant women received antiretroviral prophylaxis at delivery in 2007 through the state government's prevention of parent-to-child HIV transmission (PPTCT) program. The current qualitative study explored the role of HIV-associated stigma as a barrier to access PPTCT services in the rural northern Karnataka district of Bagalkot using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with HIV-infect…
HIV/Aids Stigma and Refusal of HIV Testing Among Pregnant Women in Rural Kenya: Results from the Mamas Study
HIV/AIDS stigma is a common thread in the narratives of pregnant women affected by HIV/AIDS globally and may be associated with refusal of HIV testing. We conducted a cross-sectional study of women attending antenatal clinics in Kenya (N = 1525). Women completed an interview with measures of HIV/AIDS stigma and subsequently information on their acceptance of HIV testing was obtained from medical records. Associations of stigma measures with HIV t…
Acceptability and feasibility of integration of HIV care services into antenatal clinics in rural Kenya: A qualitative provider interview study
The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of healthcare providers on the advantages and disadvantages of integrating HIV care services, including highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), into antenatal care (ANC) clinics in rural Kenya. We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews and thematic analysis; 36 healthcare providers from six health centres in Nyanza Province, Kenya participated. Effects on service provide…
Predictors of Linkage to Care Following Community-Based HIV Counseling and Testing in Rural Kenya
Factors associated with pregnant women's anticipations and experiences of HIV-related stigma in rural Kenya
Pregnant women who fear or experience HIV-related stigma may not get care for their own health or medications to reduce perinatal transmission of HIV. This study examined factors associated with anticipating and experiencing HIV-related stigma among 1777 pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in rural Kenya. Women were interviewed at baseline, offered HIV testing and care, and a sub-set was re-interviewed at 4-8 weeks postpartum. Women w…
Patient satisfaction with integrated HIV and antenatal care services in rural Kenya
A cluster randomized controlled trial was initiated in Kenya to determine if full integration (FI) of HIV care, including HAART, into antenatal care (ANC) clinics improves health outcomes among HIV-infected women and exposed infants, compared to a non-integrated (NI) model. This article examines ANC clients' satisfaction with and preferences regarding HIV-integrated services. In this cross-sectional study, pregnant women attending five FI clinics…
Are There Differences in the Impact of Partner Violence on Reproductive Health Between Postpartum Women and Women Who Had an Elective Abortion
HIV-related Stigma as a Barrier to Achievement of Global PMTCT and Maternal Health Goals: A Review of the Evidence
Facilitating HIV status disclosure for pregnant women and partners in rural Kenya: A qualitative study
Pregnant couples should be given different options for assistance with HIV disclosure. Home-based CHCT could serve as an acceptable method to assist women and men with safe disclosure of HIV status. These findings can inform the design and implementation of programs geared at promoting HIV disclosure among pregnant women and partners, especially in the home-setting
Social context and drivers of intimate partner violence in rural Kenya: Implications for the health of pregnant women
More than half of rural Kenyan women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime. Beyond physical consequences, IPV indirectly worsens maternal health because pregnant women avoid antenatal care or HIV testing when they fear violent reprisal from partners. To develop an intervention to mitigate violence towards pregnant women, we conducted qualitative research in rural Kenya. Through eight focus group discussions, four with pregn…
The Stigma of Having an Abortion: Development of a Scale and Characteristics of Women Experiencing Abortion Stigma
This valid and reliable scale can be used in research examining abortion stigma and related outcomes (e.g., women's health, relationships and behavior). The scale can also be used to evaluate programs and interventions that aim to reduce the stigma experienced by women who have abortions
HIV serostatus and disclosure: Implications for infant feeding practice in rural south Nyanza, Kenya
Health care workers and counselors need to receive support in order to improve skills required for diagnosing, monitoring and managing psychosocial aspects of the care of pregnant and HIV positive women including facilitating disclosure to male partners in order to improve both maternal and child health outcomes
Medicine (104 works) · Family medicine (71 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (70 works) · Psychology (69 works) · Psychiatry (64 works) · Nursing (57 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (47 works) · Public health (47 works) · Environmental health (45 works) · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV (42 works)